CN106439843B - Petrochemical industry not recovering discarded material harmless treatment process - Google Patents

Petrochemical industry not recovering discarded material harmless treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106439843B
CN106439843B CN201610812059.XA CN201610812059A CN106439843B CN 106439843 B CN106439843 B CN 106439843B CN 201610812059 A CN201610812059 A CN 201610812059A CN 106439843 B CN106439843 B CN 106439843B
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burning
gas
flue gas
incinerator
sludge
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CN106439843A (en
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张梅荪
王涛
冯海涛
王红梅
韦小平
陈昌林
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Nanjing Zhongte Chemical Power Equipment Co Ltd
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Nanjing Zhongte Chemical Power Equipment Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses recovering discarded material is not the solidliquid mixture in pureed in a kind of petrochemical industry not recovering discarded material harmless treatment process, comprising the following steps: (1) is dehydrated;(2) dry;(3) castoff burning;(4) gas cleaning.Above-mentioned technical proposal is the present invention has the advantages that the various pollutants of petroleum chemical enterprise are considered as a whole, and the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another is uniformly processed, comprehensive treatment, reduces the discharge of pollutant to greatest extent;For example be exhaust gas, originally by direct emission atmosphere after torch burning, after burning in incinerator now, discharged after being purified by desulphurization denitration;By burning disposal, the various solid hazardous waste minimizings of landfill disposal will be needed innoxious, to reduce the expense of landfill disposal;Using the thermal energy production steam generated during solid waste, liquid debris and burned waste gas to bring benefits;Process flow is short, and treatment effeciency is high, and investment is small, and operating cost is low.

Description

Petrochemical industry not recovering discarded material harmless treatment process
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental technology field, more particularly, to it is a kind of by petrochemical enterprise not recovering discarded material into The technique of row Harmless and Comprehensive Disposal.
Background technique
In petroleum chemical enterprise's production process, inevitably generates expendable solid waste, waste liquid and give up Gas.In the present circumstance, solid waste, waste liquid and exhaust gas are all to handle respectively.Such as using incineration method respectively to solid Waste and liquid debris are done in innoxious decrement disposal process, need to consume during processing a large amount of natural gas or its His fuel gas.
There are many toxic and harmful gas in another aspect petroleum chemical enterprise, and it is toxic to usually contain hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide etc. Pernicious gas, direct emission is handled after this portion gas is typically sent to torch burning, seriously pollutes environment.
Present this processing mode not only consumes a large amount of energy, can also generate new pollution, increases environmental protection equipment Processing capacity therefore, explore at a kind of reasonable pollutant to further increase the investment and operation cost of environmental protection project Science and engineering skill, not only reduces pollutant emission, but reduce environmental protection equipment operation cost be in environment protection field one allow the asking of number of people pain Topic.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide that a kind of operating cost is low, pollutant emission is few, the efficient stone of processing Oiling work not recovering discarded material harmless treatment process.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that, the petrochemical industry not recovering discarded material without Recovering discarded material is not the solidliquid mixture in pureed in evilization treatment process, comprising the following steps:
(1) be dehydrated: will the not recovering discarded material mud that comes of conveying by Centrifugal sludge dehydration machine by moisture removal, Form aqueous 85% wet mud;Dewatered wet mud enters sludge storage bin, and the moisture of removing enters sewage treatment plant's processing;
(2) dry: the wet mud come out from sludge storage bin enters wet mud delivery pump by wet mud discharging screw machine and determines Amount pressurization is pumped into blade drier, and blade dryer uses 1.4MPa, and 285 DEG C of steam pass through turning for blade as heat transferring medium It is dynamic to make material overturning, stirring, heating interface is constantly updated, wet mud is contacted with fuselage and blade, is sufficiently heated, and makes material institute The surface moisture evaporation contained;Meanwhile wet mud is conveyed with the helical trajectory that is rotated into of paddle shaft to discharge port direction, is ultimately become Blade drier is discharged in dewatered sludge;Steam required for blade drier is provided by the secondary incinerator of subsequent handling;Heat exchange is steamed The condensate pump that vapour condensation generates is sent to softening water tank recycling;Cyclone dust removal is passed through in the carrier gas generated during drying sludge After device dedusting, condenser condensation, secondary incinerator is sent to burn purified treatment as combustion air by carrier gas blower, condenser is cold Coagulating the sewage to get off send sewage plant to handle;
(3) castoff burning: two stages are burned including rotary kiln incineration and secondary incinerator, solid waste enters back Rotary kiln burns, and the flue gas and liquid debris, exhaust gas that rotary kiln generates enter incinerator burning disposal;
Wherein, the rotary kiln incineration stage be, will after step (2) are handled obtained dewatered sludge and several other are solid Body waste is sent into rotary furnace by star-like measurer, spiral propeller, using biogas, torch gas with burning, control in rotary furnace Torch tolerance processed maintains about 600 DEG C of ignition temperature, it is ensured that biochemical sludge and stablizing for other solid combustible wastes are burnt, simultaneously The generation for preventing dioxin, the flue gas after burning enters next link secondary incinerator after cyclone dust collectors dedusting to be done into one Purified treatment is walked, burns after remaining lime-ash is packaged and landfill yard is sent to handle;
In two stages, the first stage handles rotary kiln and generates flue gas, several liquid debris incinerator burning phase And several exhaust gas, it is pressurizeed by pump, is sent into one section of secondary incinerator, wherein secondary burning furnace temperature controls 1000 DEG C of left sides The right side, 2~4m/s of flue gas flow rate, residence time are greater than 2s;The flue gas that one section of secondary incinerator burning generates enters secondary incinerator Two sections, the flue gas and flash steam, biogas and hydrogen are mixed and burned, and do further purified treatment;
(4) gas cleaning: the flue gas obtained after burning in step (3) carries out purified treatment, successively passes through gas cleaning Tower, regenerating active carbon tower and bag-type dust;Wherein, flue gas passes through purifying column from bottom to top, and active carbon passes through purification Tower, the flue gas into purifying column are mixed with ammonia;Pass through bag-type dust again by the flue gas of activated carbon adsorption;The work of adsorption saturation Property charcoal be discharged purifying column, regenerating active carbon tower is entered by bucket machine, by tubular heat exchanger, is heated under anoxybiotic state 400-440 DEG C, the active carbon after parsing passes through bucket machine conveying purifying column recycling after regenerator is discharged.
Above-mentioned technical proposal mainly includes four steps, wherein sludge dewatering step, it is therefore an objective to by the dirt of moisture content 98% Mud (being shown in Table 1) dehydration, makes sewage moisture content drop to 85%;Drying sludge, it is therefore an objective to by aqueous 85% drying sludge, make aqueous Rate is reduced to 40%;Castoff burning, mainly includes two stages of rotary kiln and incinerator, and solid waste enters rotary kiln and burns It burns, the flue gas and liquid debris, exhaust gas that rotary kiln generates enter incinerator burning disposal;Gas cleaning, including active carbon Desulfuring and denitrifying apparatus, bag-type dust and SO2 sulphuric acid plant.The flue gas that incinerator generates is filled by active carbon desulfurization denitrification integral After setting desulphurization denitration, atmosphere, the SO that active carbon desulfurization parses are discharged into bag-type dust298% is generated into sulphuric acid plant The concentrated sulfuric acid.
It further improves and is, other several solid waste in rotary kiln incineration stage in the step (3) It is that spent resin, waste oil mud, waste active carbon, useless filler, oily waste, butadiene polymer, PTA trench material and oil-containing are discarded Object;Wherein the spent resin is the mixture of polystyrene and polyacrylic acid or divinylbenzene.
Further improve is that the several liquid of first stage is useless in incinerator burning phase in the step (3) Gurry is spent organic solvent, useless ammoniacal liquor, useless formaldehyde, process waste liquor, DMF waste liquid, chemical examination waste liquid, dross, waste coke is oily, butadiene is useless Tar and waste mineral oil;Several exhaust gas is unqualified sour gas and sour gas.The present invention has the advantages that
1, the various pollutants of petroleum chemical enterprise are considered as a whole, the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another is uniformly processed, comprehensive treatment, to greatest extent The discharge for reducing pollutant;For example be exhaust gas, originally by direct emission atmosphere after torch burning, now in incinerator After burning, discharged after being purified by desulphurization denitration;
2, by burning disposal, the various solid hazardous waste minimizings of landfill disposal will be needed innoxious, to drop The low expense of landfill disposal;
3, using the thermal energy production steam generated during solid waste, liquid debris and burned waste gas to generate Benefit;
4, process flow is short, and treatment effeciency is high, and investment is small, and operating cost is low.
Detailed description of the invention
It is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing with embodiments of the present invention:
Fig. 1 is petrochemical industry of the present invention not recovering discarded material harmless treatment process simple process frame diagram.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be petrochemical industry of the present invention not recovering discarded material harmless treatment process simple process frame diagram, Recovering discarded material is not the solidliquid mixture in pureed, comprising the following steps: (1) dehydration, (2) drying, (3) castoff burning (4) four steps of gas cleaning.
It includes solid waste, liquid debris and exhaust gas three categories, master that the present invention was handled, which can not be recovered as waste, Include:
1, the sludge that water process generates, is detailed in following table:
Table 1: sewage plant sludge tables of data
Serial number Waste title Biowaste origin Quantity (t/a) Main component and content Remarks
1 Sludge Sewage plant 164997.5 Water 98%, solid content 2%
It is total 164997.5
2, solid hazardous waste is detailed in following table:
Table 2: solid dangerous waste and composition list
3, liquid debris
3 dangerous liquid wastes of table and composition list
4, exhaust gas
4 exhaust gas of table and its composition list
Specific: the main purpose of sludge dewatering process is that aqueous 98% mud for carrying out sewage plant pumping passes through centrifugation Moisture removal is formed aqueous 85% wet mud by formula sludge dewatering equipment, is prepared for next process drying sludge;After dehydration Wet mud enter sludge storage bin, the moisture of removing enters sewage treatment plant's processing;This process main dewatering equipment be two from Core type sludge dewatering equipment, separate unit water separation capability are 12.5t/h, year runing time 8000h.
The main purpose of drying sludge process is that the wet mud for generating sludge dewatering process is further dried, moisture content 85% wet mud becomes the dewatered sludge of moisture content 40%, prepares for the next step castoff burning;Go out from sludge storage bin The wet mud come enters wet mud delivery pump and quantitatively pressurize by wet mud discharging screw machine is pumped into blade drier, and blade is dried Machine uses 1.4MPa, and 285 DEG C are used as heat transferring medium, makes material overturning, stirring by the rotation of blade, constantly updates heating and be situated between Face, wet mud are contacted with body and blade, are sufficiently heated, and surface moisture contained by material is evaporated.Meanwhile sludge is with blade The helical trajectory that is rotated into of axis is conveyed to discharge port direction, ultimately becomes dewatered sludge discharge blade drier.Blade drier institute The steam needed is provided by the secondary incinerator of subsequent handling.The condensate pump that heat exchange steam condensation generates is sent to softening water tank and returns It receives and utilizes;The carrier gas generated during drying sludge is made after condenser condensation by carrier gas blower into cyclone dust collectors dedusting excessively Secondary incinerator is sent to burn purified treatment for combustion air, the sewage that condenser condenses out send sewage plant to handle.This process master Wanting drying equipment is two blade dryers, and separate unit processing capacity is 0.8t/h, year runing time 8000h.
Castoff burning process includes two links: rotary kiln incineration and secondary incinerator burn.
It is useless that rotary kiln incineration link mainly handles various solids listed by the dewatered sludge and table 2 of drying sludge process generation Gurry.Solid waste is sent into rotary furnace by star-like measurer, spiral propeller, and biogas, torch gas are used in rotary furnace With burning, control torch tolerance maintains about 600 DEG C of ignition temperature, it is ensured that the stable combustion of biochemical sludge and other solid combustible wastes It burns, while preventing the generation of dioxin.Flue gas after burning is burnt after cyclone dust collectors dedusting into next link-is secondary It burns furnace and does further purified treatment.Burning after remaining lime-ash is packaged send landfill yard to handle.
Secondary incinerator discharges acid using exhaust gas, waste liquid, dross, the flue gas of torch gas disposal rotary kiln discharge, coal gasification Property gas.Secondary incinerator is divided into two sections, one section of processing rotary kiln generates the 1st in flue gas, the liquid debris in table 3 and table 4, 2 contain H2The exhaust gas of S, liquid debris are sent into one section of secondary incinerator by pump pressurization.Secondary burning furnace temperature control 1000 DEG C or so, keep hazardous medium in flue gas completely innoxious, while preventing dioxin and NOXGeneration, one section of flue gas flow rate 2~ 4m/s, residence time are greater than 2s.The flue gas that one section of secondary incinerator burning generates enters two sections of secondary incinerator, herein flue gas It is mixed and burned with the 3rd, 4,5 exhaust gas in table 4, does further purified treatment.Purify burned flue gas, funds this pipes steams Hair device is down to 120 DEG C or so through economizer, air preheater;Combustion air then can be the stench collected using sewage treatment plant Gas, the foul gas that drying sludge generates, its temperature rises to 220 DEG C or so after the heat exchange of air hot pipe heat exchanger, is sent into back Rotary kiln incinerator and dual firing chamber are as combustion air.
Fume purifying processes main purpose is the NO removed in flue gasx、SO2, dioxin, heavy metal solid particulate matter Equal pollutants.Gas cleaning uses active carbon desulfurization by dry method, by column for smoke purification, regenerating active carbon tower, bag-type dust structure At.Gas cleaning uses the dedicated coaly activated carbon of desulphurization denitration, and activated carbon adsorption includes purifying column and Analytic Tower;Purifying column uses Adverse current bed arrangement, flue gas pass through purifying column from bottom to top, and active carbon passes through purifying column, and purifying column can realize that desulfurization is de- Nitre integral activated carbon is as removing NOxCarrier and catalyst, flue gas enters purifying column and mixes with ammonia, NOxAnd NH3In temperature At about 107~167 DEG C of degree, catalysis reaction occurs in activated carbon surface, by NOxIt is decomposed into N2And H2O or ammonium sulfate;In flue gas SO2Then it is tightly held by activated carbon by way of physical absorption and chemisorption;Active carbon is in adsorption treatment SO2And NOxWhile also The dioxin and heavy metal in flue gas can be adsorbed.Purifying column is discharged in the active carbon of adsorption saturation, enters regeneration by bucket machine Tower is heated to 400-440 DEG C under anoxybiotic state by tubular heat exchanger, by the adsorbed SO of active carbon2Desorption releases Come.What parsing generated contains 15% (volume ratio) SO2The sulfur recovery of parsing pneumatic transmission petroleum chemical enterprise do fuel gas disposal or be made dense The sulfuric acid of degree 98%.Regenerator is discharged in active carbon after parsing, is transported to purifying column by bucket machine and is recycled.
For flue gas after activated carbon adsorption, qualified discharge after being handled by bag-type dust, discharge index is shown in Table 5, reaches Standard.
5 dangerous waste incinerator Air Pollutant Emission limit value index of table
Basic principles and main features and advantage of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe originals of the invention Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes and improvements It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention, the present invention can be applied in coal chemical industry and coal oil industry.The present invention claims Protection scope is defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of petrochemical industry not recovering discarded material harmless treatment process, recovering discarded material is not solid-liquid in pureed for this Mixture, which comprises the following steps:
(1) be dehydrated: the not recovering discarded material mud that conveying is come, by moisture removal, is formed by Centrifugal sludge dehydration machine Aqueous 85% wet mud;Dewatered wet mud enters sludge storage bin, and the moisture of removing enters sewage treatment plant's processing;
(2) dry: the wet mud come out from sludge storage bin enters wet mud delivery pump by wet mud discharging screw machine and quantitatively adds Press pump enters blade drier, and blade dryer uses 1.4MPa, and 285 DEG C of steam are made as heat transferring medium by the rotation of blade Material overturning, stirring, constantly update heating interface, and wet mud is contacted with fuselage and blade, is sufficiently heated, makes contained by material Surface moisture evaporation;Meanwhile wet mud is conveyed with the helical trajectory that is rotated into of paddle shaft to discharge port direction, ultimately becomes dry dirt Blade drier is discharged in mud;Steam required for blade drier is provided by the secondary incinerator of subsequent handling;The steam that exchanges heat is cold The solidifying condensate pump generated is sent to softening water tank recycling;The carrier gas generated during drying sludge is removed by cyclone dust collectors After dirt, condenser condensation, secondary incinerator is sent to burn purified treatment as combustion air by carrier gas blower, under condenser condensation The sewage come send sewage plant to handle;
(3) castoff burning: two stages are burned including rotary kiln incineration and secondary incinerator, solid waste enters rotary kiln It burns, the flue gas and liquid debris, exhaust gas that rotary kiln generates enter incinerator burning disposal;
Wherein, the rotary kiln incineration stage be, will after step (2) are handled obtained dewatered sludge and other several solids it is useless Gurry is sent into rotary furnace by star-like measurer, spiral propeller, using biogas, torch gas with burning, control fire in rotary furnace Torch tolerance maintains about 600 DEG C of ignition temperature, it is ensured that biochemical sludge and stablizing for other solid combustible wastes are burnt, and are prevented simultaneously The generation of dioxin, the flue gas after burning enters next link secondary incinerator after cyclone dust collectors dedusting to be done further only Change processing burns after remaining lime-ash is packaged and landfill yard is sent to handle;
Incinerator burning phase in two stages, the first stage handle rotary kiln generate flue gas, several liquid debris and Several exhaust gas is pressurizeed by pump, is sent into one section of secondary incinerator, wherein secondary burning furnace temperature controls 1000 DEG C or so, cigarette 2~4m/s of gas velocity, residence time are greater than 2s;The flue gas that one section of secondary incinerator burning generates enters two sections of secondary incinerator, The flue gas and flash steam, biogas and hydrogen are mixed and burned, and do further purified treatment;
(4) gas cleaning: the flue gas obtained after burning in step (3) carries out purified treatment, successively passes through column for smoke purification, work Property charcoal regenerator and bag-type dust;Wherein, flue gas passes through purifying column from bottom to top, and active carbon passes through purifying column, into The flue gas for entering purifying column is mixed with ammonia;Pass through bag-type dust again by the flue gas of activated carbon adsorption;The active carbon of adsorption saturation Purifying column is discharged, regenerating active carbon tower is entered by bucket machine, by tubular heat exchanger, is heated to 400- under anoxybiotic state 440 DEG C, the active carbon after parsing passes through bucket machine conveying purifying column recycling after regenerator is discharged.
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