CN106437682B - A method of prediction oil well indicator card - Google Patents
A method of prediction oil well indicator card Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106437682B CN106437682B CN201610940306.4A CN201610940306A CN106437682B CN 106437682 B CN106437682 B CN 106437682B CN 201610940306 A CN201610940306 A CN 201610940306A CN 106437682 B CN106437682 B CN 106437682B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- pump
- sucker rod
- pump efficiency
- point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/008—Monitoring of down-hole pump systems, e.g. for the detection of "pumped-off" conditions
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for predicting oil well indicator card, belong to production of hydrocarbons field.The present invention is by calculating the first pump efficiency, and decomposition computation is carried out to obtain pump dynamometers to the first pump efficiency, then using pump dynamometers as boundary condition, the displacement and load that end calculates each point on sucker rod upwards are pumped from shaft bottom using the first preset formula for considering rod and tube partial-wear and hole deviation, obtain surface dynamometer card, and the second pump efficiency is obtained according to surface dynamometer card, pump efficiency error is obtained according to the first pump efficiency and the second pump efficiency, judge whether pump efficiency error is less than default value, it is to stop calculating, otherwise the first pump efficiency is replaced with the second pump efficiency, it repeats to obtain the process carried out the first pump efficiency after decomposition computation, until pump efficiency error is less than default value, reference frame of the surface dynamometer card obtained when being less than default value using pump efficiency error as oil well initial production parameter designing, the reliability for the manufacturing parameter designed is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to production of hydrocarbons field, in particular to a kind of method for predicting oil well indicator card.
Background technique
Oil well indicator card be react a pumping period in pumping unit polished rod load with its change in displacement rule figure,
It is the main foundation for judging the working condition of oil pumping system underground.
The method for obtaining oil well indicator card at present is to be pumped by indicator automatic collection airborne in oil well production process
Lotus and stroke, so that oil well indicator card is drawn, important reference of the oil well indicator card as oil well production Parameters Optimal Design.
But before bringing in, oil well indicator card can not be obtained by indicator, oil well initial production parameter is caused to set
Can not be using oil well indicator card as reference frame during meter, the reliability for the manufacturing parameter designed is often lower.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve in the prior art before bringing in, oil well indicator card can not be obtained by indicator, lead to oil
Can not be using oil well indicator card as reference frame during well initial production parameter designing, the reliability for the manufacturing parameter designed
Often lower problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of methods for predicting oil well indicator card.The technical solution is as follows:
A method of prediction oil well indicator card, which comprises
Step 1: according to the given diameter and length, tubing diameter, oil for pumping every grade of diameter, stroke, jig frequency, sucker rod roofbolt
Density, the viscosity of crude oil, the viscosity of the density of natural gas and natural gas of the relation curve of yield and stream pressure, crude oil, are obtained in well
Take the first pump efficiency Epi；
Step 2: to the first pump efficiency EpiDecomposition computation is carried out, pump dynamometers are obtained；
Step 3: using the pump dynamometers as boundary condition, using the first preset formula for considering rod and tube partial-wear and hole deviation
The displacement and load for calculating each point on sucker rod upwards from shaft bottom pump end, obtain surface dynamometer card；
Step 4: according to the surface dynamometer card, obtaining the maximum load being subject on sucker rod and minimum load, plunger
Effective stroke and the second pump efficiency Epp；
Step 5: according to the first pump efficiency EpiWith the second pump efficiency Epp, calculate pump efficiency error；
Step 6: judging whether the pump efficiency error is less than default value, be to stop calculating, otherwise with second pump
Imitate EppSubstitute the first pump efficiency Epi, and step 2 is repeated to step 6.
Further, the step 2 carries out decomposition computation to first pump efficiency, obtains pump dynamometers, comprising:
(1) calculates the maximum load P being subject on sucker rod according to the following formulapmax:
Ppmax=-Wb+ApLρlg (1)
In formula (1), WbFor balance weight, ApFor the cross-sectional area of plunger, L is the length of sucker rod, ρlFor the flat of liquid
Equal density, g are acceleration of gravity；
(2) calculate the minimum load P being subject on sucker rod according to the following formulapmin:
Ppmin=-Wb(2)；
(3) calculate the theoretical stroke S of plunger according to the following formulaP:
SP=S × ηBecome (3)
In formula (3), S is the design stroke of plunger, ηBecomeFor deformation pump efficiency；
(4) calculate the effective stroke S of plunger according to the following formulaPE:
In formula (4), KqFor volume factor；
According to the maximum load P being subject on sucker rodpmax, minimum load Ppmin, plunger theoretical stroke SPAnd effective stroke
SPE, obtain pump dynamometers.
Further, the step 3, using the pump dynamometers as boundary condition, using considering rod and tube partial-wear and hole deviation
The first preset formula calculate the displacement and load of each point on sucker rod upwards from shaft bottom pump end, obtain surface dynamometer card, comprising:
The hole angle θ of the upward each point in end is pumped according to shaft bottom, calculates the axis that the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end is generated by rod and tube partial-wear
To power N；
According to the axial force N that shaft bottom pumps the hole angle θ of the upward each point in end, the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end is generated by rod and tube partial-wear
Surface dynamometer card is calculated with following formula (5):
In formula (5), u is the load of each point on roofbolt, and t is the time, and s is the displacement of each point on roofbolt, and δ rubs for rigid body
The sign for wiping power, when upstroke, δ=+ 1, when down stroke, δ=- 1, a, c, h and g ' are intermediate variable, pass through following formula
(6) it is calculated to formula (9):
In formula (6) into formula (9), ErFor material of sucker rod elasticity modulus, ρrFor material of sucker rod density, ρr=
7860kg/m3, υeFor the viscous drag coefficient of unit length rod string, ArFor sucker rod cross-sectional area, f is sucker rod and oil
Coefficient of friction between pipe, f is between 0.05~0.1.
Further, the hole angle θ that the upward each point in end is pumped according to shaft bottom calculates the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end because of rod tube
The axial force N that eccentric wear generates, comprising:
As θ ≠ 0, shaft bottom pumps the upward each point in end because the axial force N that rod and tube partial-wear generates is calculated by following formula (10):
In formula (10), qr' it is buoyant weight of the roofbolt in well liquid,For the azimuth of wellbore, P is intermediate variable, and P is logical
Following formula (11) is crossed to be calculated:
As θ=0, whether the roofbolt that judgement is located at the position lower part of θ=0 on sucker rod occurs unstability eccentric wear, if sentenced
Unstability eccentric wear can occur for the roofbolt of the position lower part of θ=0 on the sucker rod that breaks, then is again the attached hole deviation in position of θ=0
Angle, and substitute into formula (10) carry out calculate corresponding position axial force N, if it is determined that on sucker rod the position lower part of θ=0 bar
Unstability eccentric wear will not occur for column, then takes the N=0 in formula (10).
Further, whether the roofbolt of the position lower part for judging θ=0 on the sucker rod occurs unstability eccentric wear, packet
It includes:
According to the minimum load of pump dynamometers, sucker rod is calculated in minimum load P by following formula (12)pminUnder effect
Neutral point to pump end distance Lcr:
In formula (12), I is the moment of inertia of sucker rod cross section；
(13) calculate the length L that unstability occurs for pumping rod made by steel according to the following formulab:
In formula (13), FbFor the axial compressive force that sucker rod is subject at pump end, F is takenb=Ppmin, q is roofbolt unit length
Weight；
Compare the lower neutral point of rod string pump end minimum load effect to the distance L for pumping endcrWith pumping rod made by steel
The length L of unstability occursb, work as Lcr> LbWhen, judge that the roofbolt of the position lower part on the sucker rod positioned at θ=0 can lose
Otherwise steady eccentric wear judges that unstability eccentric wear will not occur for the roofbolt of the position lower part on the sucker rod positioned at θ=0.
Further, the hole angle θ for pumping the upward each point in end according to shaft bottom, the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end are because of rod and tube partial-wear
The axial force N and following formula (5) of generation calculate surface dynamometer card, comprising:
Deformation process is made to formula (5), obtains difference equation shown in following formula (14):
In formula (14), when required point (i, j) is not the node of two-stage bar, ui,jIt is carried out by following formula (15)
It calculates:
In formula (2), b, δi-1,j、hi-1It is intermediate variable with g', in which:
When required point (i, j) is the node of two-stage bar, ui,jIt is calculated by following formula (19):
In formula (19), αs、βs、αk、βk、γk、vkIt is intermediate variable, in which:
αs=α1+α2 (22)
βs=β1+β2 (23)
Formula (14) arrive formula (in 25), k be roofbolt series, k=1,2,For the cross-sectional area of kth grade roofbolt, i is
Depth location point, i=2,3,4 ..., j are time location point, and j=1,2,3 ..., m are biography of the stress wave in rod string
Speed, m=4968m/s are broadcast, e is damped coefficient, and Δ t is time step, and Δ s is depth step；
It determines depth step Δ s and time step Δ t, and depth step Δ s and time step Δ t is substituted into formula
(14), the displacement and load for calculating each point on the sucker rod upwards from shaft bottom pump end, obtain surface dynamometer card.
Specifically, it is determined that depth step Δ s and time step Δ t need to meet when depth step Δ s and time step Δ t
Relationship described in following formula (26):
Specifically, the default value is 2%.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention has the benefit that
The present invention is by calculating the first pump efficiency Epi, and to the first pump efficiency EpiDecomposition computation is carried out to obtain pump dynamometers, and
Afterwards using pump dynamometers as boundary condition, counted upwards using the first preset formula for considering rod and tube partial-wear and hole deviation from shaft bottom pump end
The displacement and load for calculating each point on sucker rod obtain surface dynamometer card, and obtain the second pump efficiency E according to surface dynamometer cardpp, according to
First pump efficiency EpiWith the second pump efficiency EppPump efficiency error is obtained, judges whether pump efficiency error is less than default value, is, stop counting
It calculates, otherwise with the second pump efficiency EppInstead of the first pump efficiency Epi, repeat to obtain to the first pump efficiency EpiCarry out the mistake after decomposition computation
Journey, the surface dynamometer card that obtains is as oil well when pump efficiency error is less than default value, is less than default value using pump efficiency error
The reliability of the reference frame of initial production parameter designing, the manufacturing parameter designed is higher, and the oil obtained through the invention
Well indicator card fully considers every influence factor of oil well, and acquired results are accurate.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram for the prediction oil well indicator card that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram for the prediction oil well indicator card that further embodiment of this invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the pump dynamometers for the oil well in feed flow deficiency state that further embodiment of this invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the signal of the surface dynamometer card for the oil well in feed flow deficiency state that further embodiment of this invention provides
Figure.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of methods for predicting oil well indicator card, this method comprises:
In a step 101, according to given pump diameter, stroke, jig frequency, the diameter of every grade of roofbolt of sucker rod and length, oil pipe
Yield and the relation curve of stream pressure, the density of crude oil, the viscosity of crude oil, the density of natural gas and natural gas in diameter, oil well
Viscosity obtains the first pump efficiency Epi。
In embodiments of the present invention, pump diameter can be directly read from the manufacturing parameter table of selected oil well pump, stroke, jig frequency
It can be directly read from the manufacturing parameter table of pumping unit with the diameter and length of every grade of roofbolt of sucker rod, tubing diameter passes through survey
Amount or the manufacturing parameter table of oil wells in field are directly read, the relation curve of yield and stream pressure in oil well, the density of crude oil, crude oil
The viscosity of viscosity, the density of natural gas and natural gas can be acquired by the way that the internet of things equipment of oil wells in field is arranged in.
In a step 102, to the first pump efficiency EpiDecomposition computation is carried out, pump dynamometers are obtained.
In embodiments of the present invention, by the first pump efficiency EpiDecomposition computation is carried out to obtain indicator card, gained indicator card
Oil well is able to reflect with the presence or absence of the insufficient state of feed flow, more meets the production status that oil well largely produces the period.
In step 103, using pump dynamometers as boundary condition, using the consider rod and tube partial-wear and hole deviation first default public affairs
Formula calculates the displacement and load of each point on sucker rod from shaft bottom pump end upwards, obtains surface dynamometer card.
In embodiments of the present invention, upward from shaft bottom pump end using the first preset formula for considering rod and tube partial-wear and hole deviation
The displacement and load for calculating each point on sucker rod can draw out ground and show function according to the displacement and load of each point on sucker rod
Figure.And the problem of rod and tube partial-wear and hole deviation are considered due to the first preset formula, improve the accuracy of calculated result.
At step 104, according to surface dynamometer card, the maximum load being subject on sucker rod and minimum load, plunger are obtained
Effective stroke and the second pump efficiency Epp。
In embodiments of the present invention, the effective stroke of the maximum load and minimum load and plunger that are subject on sucker rod can
Directly to be read from surface dynamometer card, the second pump efficiency EppIt can be by carrying out integral acquisition to surface dynamometer card.
In step 105, according to the first pump efficiency EpiWith the second pump efficiency Epp, calculate pump efficiency error.
In embodiments of the present invention, pump efficiency error DE is calculated by following formula (27).
In step 106, judge whether pump efficiency error is less than or equal to default value, be, stop calculating, otherwise with
Two pump efficiency EppSubstitute the first pump efficiency Epi, step 102 is repeated to step 106.
In embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that ideally, the first pump efficiency EpiEqual to second
Pump efficiency Epp, but due to the influence of the factors such as rod and tube partial-wear, hole deviation or measurement error, the first pump efficiency EpiWith the second pump efficiency EppBetween
There are pump efficiency error, pump efficiency error is smaller, it was demonstrated that the accuracy of calculated result is higher, the production designed according to the calculated result
The reliability of parameter is higher.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is preferable that default value 2%, in the error model that the accuracy of calculated result allows
In enclosing, avoid influencing computational efficiency because pursuing excessively high accuracy.
The present invention is by calculating the first pump efficiency Epi, and to the first pump efficiency EpiDecomposition computation is carried out to obtain pump dynamometers, and
Afterwards using pump dynamometers as boundary condition, counted upwards using the first preset formula for considering rod and tube partial-wear and hole deviation from shaft bottom pump end
The displacement and load for calculating each point on sucker rod obtain surface dynamometer card, and obtain the second pump efficiency E according to surface dynamometer cardpp, according to
First pump efficiency EpiWith the second pump efficiency EppPump efficiency error is obtained, judges whether pump efficiency error is less than default value, is, stop counting
It calculates, otherwise with the second pump efficiency EppInstead of the first pump efficiency Epi, repeat to obtain to the first pump efficiency EpiCarry out the mistake after decomposition computation
Journey, the surface dynamometer card that obtains is as oil well when pump efficiency error is less than default value, is less than default value using pump efficiency error
The reliability of the reference frame of initial production parameter designing, the manufacturing parameter designed is higher, and the oil obtained through the invention
Well indicator card fully considers every influence factor of oil well, and acquired results are accurate.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of methods for predicting oil well indicator card, this method comprises:
In step 201, according to given pump diameter, stroke, jig frequency, the diameter of every grade of roofbolt of sucker rod and length, oil pipe
Yield and the relation curve of stream pressure, the density of crude oil, the viscosity of crude oil, the density of natural gas and natural gas in diameter, oil well
Viscosity obtains the first pump efficiency Epi。
In embodiments of the present invention, pump diameter can be directly read from the manufacturing parameter table of selected oil well pump, stroke, jig frequency
It can be directly read from the manufacturing parameter table of pumping unit with the diameter and length of every grade of roofbolt of sucker rod, tubing diameter passes through survey
Amount or the manufacturing parameter table of oil wells in field are directly read, the relation curve of yield and stream pressure in oil well, the density of crude oil, crude oil
The viscosity of viscosity, the density of natural gas and natural gas can be acquired by the way that the internet of things equipment of oil wells in field is arranged in.
In step 202, to the first pump efficiency EpiDecomposition computation is carried out, pump dynamometers are obtained.
It is illustrated in figure 3 the schematic diagram of the pump dynamometers of the oil well in feed flow deficiency state flatly, wherein line segment BC is
Upper loaded line, height are maximum load Ppmax, length is the theoretical stroke s of plungerP, line segment AG is lower loaded line,
Height is minimum load Ppmin, the length is the effective stroke s of plungerPE.Therefore in embodiments of the present invention, to the first pump efficiency Epi
Decomposition computation is carried out, obtaining pump dynamometers mainly includes calculating the maximum load P being subject on sucker rodpmaxWith minimum load Ppmin
And the theoretical stroke s of plungerPWith effective stroke sPE, then according to the maximum load P being subject on sucker rodpmaxAnd minimum load
PpminAnd the theoretical stroke s of plungerPWith effective stroke sPEObtain pump dynamometers.Wherein, (1) calculates maximum according to the following formula
Load ppmax:
Ppmax=-Wb+ApLρlg (1)
In formula (1), PpmaxFor the maximum load being subject on sucker rod, unit is thousand newton (kN), WbFor balance weight,
Unit is thousand newton (kN), ApFor the cross-sectional area of plunger, unit is square metre (m2), L is the length of sucker rod, and unit is rice
(m), ρlFor the averag density of liquid in pipe, unit is kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3), g is acceleration of gravity, unit is kilogram/
Newton (kg/N)；
(2) calculate minimum load P according to the following formulapmin:
Ppmin=-Wb (2)
In formula (2), PpminFor the minimum load being subject on sucker rod, unit is thousand newton (kN)；
(3) calculate the theoretical stroke S of plunger according to the following formulaP:
SP=S × ηBecome (3)
In formula (3), SPFor the theoretical stroke of plunger, unit is rice (m), and S is the design stroke of plunger, and unit is rice
(m), ηBecomeFor deformation pump efficiency, unit is rice (m)；
(4) calculate the effective stroke S of plunger according to the following formulaPE:
In formula (4), KqFor volume factor；
According to the maximum load P being subject on sucker rodpmaxWith minimum load PpminAnd the theoretical stroke S of plungerPWith it is effective
Stroke SPE, obtain pump dynamometers.
In embodiments of the present invention, deformation pump efficiency ηBecomeIt is calculated by following formula (28):
ηBecome=(S- λ)/S (28)
In formula (28), λ is loss of plunger stroke, and unit is rice (m), wherein when sucker rod is single-stage bar and multistage bar,
Loss of plunger stroke λ is calculated as follows respectively:
When sucker rod is single-stage bar, loss of plunger stroke λ is calculated by following formula (29):
In formula (29), WlThe fluid column load on plunger is acted on for upstroke, unit is newton (N), LpIt is deep for pump,
Unit is rice (m), ErFor the elasticity modulus of steel, unit is pa (Pa), AtFor the cross-sectional area of oil pipe, unit is square metre (m2)。
Wherein, upstroke acts on the fluid column load W on plungerlIt is calculated by following formula (30):
Wl=(Ap-Ar)Lρlg (30)
In formula (30), ρlFor the averag density of liquid, unit is kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3)。
When sucker rod is multistage bar, λ is calculated by following formula (31):
In formula (31), n be sucker rod roofbolt total series, k be sucker rod each roofbolt series, 1 < k≤
N, wherein enable sucker rod be located at the level-one roofbolt of the roofbolt of the top, at this point, k=1,For the cross of the kth grade roofbolt of sucker rod
Sectional area, unit are square metre (m2).And when sucker rod is multistage bar, WlIt is calculated by following formula (32):
In formula (32), LkFor the length of the kth grade roofbolt of sucker rod, unit is rice (m).
In step 203, the hole angle θ of the upward each point in end is pumped according to shaft bottom, calculates the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end because of rod tube
The axial force N that eccentric wear generates.
In the embodiment of the present invention, hole angle θ can be obtained after the completion of well cementation by measurement.Wherein, as θ ≠ 0, shaft bottom
The pump upward each point in end is calculated because of the axial force N that rod and tube partial-wear generates by following formula (10):
In formula (10), θ is hole angle, and unit is degree, qrThe buoyant weight for being roofbolt in well liquid, unit are pa (Pa),
For the azimuth of wellbore, unit is degree, the azimuth of wellboreIt can also can be obtained by measurement after the completion of wellbore is cemented the well, P
For intermediate variable, P is calculated by following formula (11):
As θ=0, whether the roofbolt that judgement is located at the position lower part of θ=0 on sucker rod occurs unstability eccentric wear, if sentenced
Unstability eccentric wear can occur for the roofbolt of the position lower part of θ=0 on disconnected sucker rod, then is again the attached hole angle in position of θ=0,
And substitute into formula (10) carry out calculate corresponding position axial force N, if it is determined that on sucker rod the position lower part of θ=0 roofbolt
Unstability eccentric wear will not occur, then take the N=0 in formula (10).
Wherein, judge whether the roofbolt of the position lower part on sucker rod positioned at θ=0 occurs unstability eccentric wear, comprising:
According to the minimum load of pump dynamometers, sucker rod is calculated in minimum load P by following formula (12)pminUnder effect
Neutral point to pump end distance Lcr:
In formula (12), I is the moment of inertia of sucker rod cross section, and unit is biquadratic rice (m4)；
(13) calculate the length L that unstability occurs for pumping rod made by steel according to the following formulab:
In formula (13), FbFor the axial compressive force that sucker rod is subject at pump end, unit is newton (N), of the invention real
It applies in example, takes Fb=Ppmin, q is the weight of roofbolt unit length, and unit is Newton/meter (N/m)；
Compare neutral point of the sucker rod under pump end minimum load effect to the distance L for pumping endcrOccur with pumping rod made by steel
The length L of unstabilityb, work as Lcr> LbWhen, judge that unstability eccentric wear can occur for the roofbolt of the position lower part on sucker rod positioned at θ=0, it is no
Then judge that unstability eccentric wear will not occur for the roofbolt of the position lower part on sucker rod positioned at θ=0.
Wherein, hole angle and rod string appended by the position for θ=0 pump the neutral point under the effect of end minimum load to pump
The distance L at endcrThe length L of unstability occurs with pumping rod made by steelbIt is related.
In step 204, the hole angle θ of the upward each point in end is pumped according to shaft bottom, shaft bottom pumps the upward each point in end because of rod and tube partial-wear
The axial force N and following formula (5) of generation calculate surface dynamometer card:
In formula (5), u is the load of each point on roofbolt, and unit is newton (N), and t is the time, and unit is the second (s), and s is
The displacement of each point on roofbolt, unit are rice (m), and δ is the sign of rigid body frictional force, when upstroke, δ=+ 1, and when down stroke, δ
=-1, a, c, h and g ' are intermediate variable, are calculated by following formula (6) to formula (9):
In formula (6) into formula (9), ErFor material of sucker rod elasticity modulus, unit is pa (Pa), ρrFor pole stock of pumping
Expect density, ρr=7860kg/m3, υeFor the viscous drag coefficient of unit length rod string, ArFor sucker rod cross-sectional area, f is
Coefficient of friction between sucker rod and oil pipe, for f between 0.05~0.1, g is acceleration of gravity.
Wherein, in step 204, the hole angle θ of the upward each point in end is pumped according to shaft bottom, shaft bottom pumps the upward each point in end because rod tube is inclined
It grinds the axial force N generated and following formula (5) calculates surface dynamometer card, comprising:
Deformation process is made to formula (5), obtains difference equation shown in following formula (14):
In formula (14), ArFor the cross-sectional area of sucker rod at point (i, j), when required point (i, j) is not two-stage bar
When node, ui,jIt is calculated by following formula (15):
In formula (15), b, δi-1,jAnd hi-1It is intermediate variable, in which:
When required point (i, j) is the node of two-stage bar, ui,jIt is calculated by following formula (19):
In formula (19), αs、βs、αk、βk、γk、vkIt is intermediate variable, in which:
K=1 and k=2 are substituted into respectively in formula (20) and formula (21), α is solved1、α2、β1And β2, and will be calculated
α1、α2、β1And β2It substitutes into following formula (22) and (23) calculates αsAnd βs:
αs=α1+α2 (22)
βs=β1+β2 (23)
Formula (in 25) are arrived in formula (14), k is roofbolt series, and k=1,2, i be depth location point,For kth grade bar
The cross-sectional area of column, unit are square metre (m2), i=2,3,4 ..., j are time location point, and j=1,2,3 ..., m are stress
Spread speed of the wave in rod string, m=4968m/s, e are damped coefficient, and Δ t is time step, and unit is second (s), Δ s
For depth step, unit is rice (s)；
It determines depth step Δ s and time step Δ t, and depth step Δ s and time step Δ t is substituted into formula
(14), the displacement and load for calculating each point on sucker rod upwards from shaft bottom pump end, obtain surface dynamometer card.
Wherein it is determined that depth step Δ s and time step Δ t need to meet such as when depth step Δ s and time step Δ t
The relationship of lower formula (26), to guarantee that formula (14) has solution:
In step 205, according to surface dynamometer card, the maximum load being subject on sucker rod and minimum load, plunger are obtained
Effective stroke and the second pump efficiency Epp。
It is illustrated in figure 4 the surface dynamometer card of the oil well in feed flow deficiency state, calculates pumping when passing through formula (14)
On beam hanger from after the displacement and load of the pump upward each point in end, surface dynamometer card can be drawn out, and can read on surface dynamometer card
The effective stroke of the maximum load being subject on sucker rod and minimum load and plunger is taken, and obtains the second pump efficiency by calculating
Epp。
In step 206, according to the first pump efficiency EpiWith the second pump efficiency Epp, calculate pump efficiency error.
In embodiments of the present invention, pump efficiency error DE is calculated by following formula (27).
In step 207, judge whether pump efficiency error is less than default value, be, stop calculating, otherwise with described second
Pump efficiency EppSubstitute the first pump efficiency Epi, step 202 is repeated to step 207.
In embodiments of the present invention, when pump efficiency error is less than or equal to default value, it can pump efficiency error DE goes out
Reference frame of the resulting surface dynamometer card as oil well production parameter designing before now；When pump efficiency error is greater than default value
When, step 202 need to be repeated to step 206.
The serial number of the above embodiments of the invention is only for description, does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for predicting oil well indicator card, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Step 1: according in given pump diameter, stroke, jig frequency, the diameter of every grade of roofbolt of sucker rod and length, tubing diameter, oil well
Density, the viscosity of crude oil, the viscosity of the density of natural gas and natural gas of the relation curve of yield and stream pressure, crude oil, obtain the
One pump efficiency Epi；
Step 2: (1) calculates the maximum load P being subject on sucker rod according to the following formulapmax:
Ppmax=-Wb+ApLρlg (1)
In formula (1), WbFor balance weight, ApFor the cross-sectional area of plunger, L is the length of sucker rod, ρlFor the average close of liquid
Degree, g is acceleration of gravity；
(2) calculate the minimum load P being subject on sucker rod according to the following formulapmin:
Ppmin=-Wb(2)；
(3) calculate the theoretical stroke S of plunger according to the following formulaP:
SP=S × ηBecome (3)
In formula (3), S is the design stroke of plunger, ηBecomeFor deformation pump efficiency；
(4) calculate the effective stroke S of plunger according to the following formulaPE:
In formula (4), KqFor volume factor；
According to the maximum load P being subject on sucker rodpmax, minimum load Ppmin, plunger theoretical stroke SPWith effective stroke SPE,
Obtain pump dynamometers；
Step 3: pumping the hole angle θ of the upward each point in end according to shaft bottom, calculate what the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end was generated by rod and tube partial-wear
Axial force N；
The hole angle θ of the upward each point in end, the axial force N that the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end is generated by rod and tube partial-wear and such as are pumped according to shaft bottom
Lower formula (5) calculates surface dynamometer card:
In formula (5), u is the load of each point on roofbolt, and t is the time, and s is the displacement of each point on roofbolt, and δ is rigid body frictional force
Sign, when upstroke, δ=+ 1, when down stroke, δ=- 1, a, c, h and g ' are intermediate variable, extremely by following formula (6)
Formula (9) is calculated:
In formula (6) into formula (9), ErFor material of sucker rod elasticity modulus, ρrFor material of sucker rod density, ρr=7860kg/
m3, υeFor the viscous drag coefficient of unit length rod string, ArFor sucker rod cross-sectional area, f is between sucker rod and oil pipe
Coefficient of friction, f is between 0.05~0.1；
Step 4: according to the surface dynamometer card, obtain the maximum load being subject on sucker rod and minimum load, plunger it is effective
Stroke and the second pump efficiency Epp；
Step 5: according to the first pump efficiency EpiWith the second pump efficiency Epp, calculate pump efficiency error；
Step 6: judging whether the pump efficiency error is less than default value, be to stop calculating, otherwise with the second pump efficiency Epp
Substitute the first pump efficiency Epi, and step 2 is repeated to step 6.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the hole angle θ for pumping the upward each point in end according to shaft bottom, meter
Calculate the axial force N that the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end is generated by rod and tube partial-wear, comprising:
As θ ≠ 0, shaft bottom pumps the upward each point in end because the axial force N that rod and tube partial-wear generates is calculated by following formula (10):
In formula (10), qr' it is buoyant weight of the roofbolt in well liquid,For the azimuth of wellbore, P is intermediate variable, and P is by such as
Lower formula (11) is calculated:
As θ=0, whether the roofbolt that judgement is located at the position lower part of θ=0 on sucker rod occurs unstability eccentric wear, if it is determined that institute
Unstability eccentric wear can occur for the roofbolt for stating the position lower part of θ=0 on sucker rod, then is again the attached hole angle in position of θ=0,
And substitute into formula (10) carry out calculate corresponding position axial force N, if it is determined that on sucker rod the position lower part of θ=0 roofbolt
Unstability eccentric wear will not occur, then take the N=0 in formula (10).
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described judge the position lower part of θ=0 on the sucker rod
Whether roofbolt occurs unstability eccentric wear, comprising:
According to the minimum load of pump dynamometers, sucker rod is calculated in minimum load P by following formula (12)pminIn under effect
Property point to pump end distance Lcr:
In formula (12), I is the moment of inertia of sucker rod cross section；
(13) calculate the length L that unstability occurs for pumping rod made by steel according to the following formulab:
In formula (13), FbFor the axial compressive force that sucker rod is subject at pump end, F is takenb=Ppmin, q is the weight of roofbolt unit length
Amount；
Compare neutral point of the sucker rod under minimum load effect to the distance L for pumping endcrUnstability occurs with pumping rod made by steel
Length Lb, work as Lcr>LbWhen, judge that unstability eccentric wear can occur for the roofbolt of the position lower part on the sucker rod positioned at θ=0, it is no
Then judge that unstability eccentric wear will not occur for the roofbolt of the position lower part on the sucker rod positioned at θ=0.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, described upward according to the hole angle θ of the shaft bottom pump upward each point in end, shaft bottom pump end
The axial force N and following formula (5) calculating surface dynamometer card that each point is generated by rod and tube partial-wear, comprising:
Deformation process is made to formula (5), obtains difference equation shown in following formula (14):
In formula (14), when required point (i, j) is not the node of two-stage bar, ui,jIt is calculated by following formula (15):
In formula (2), b, δi-1,j、hi-1It is intermediate variable with g', in which:
When required point (i, j) is the node of two-stage bar, ui,jIt is calculated by following formula (19):
In formula (19), αs、βs、αk、βk、γk、vkIt is intermediate variable, in which:
αs=α1+α2 (22)
βs=β1+β2 (23)
Formula (14) arrive formula (in 25), k be roofbolt series, k=1,2,For the cross-sectional area of kth grade roofbolt, i is depth
Location point, i=2,3,4 ..., j are time location point, and j=1,2,3 ..., m are propagation speed of the stress wave in rod string
Degree, m=4968m/s, e are damped coefficient, and Δ t is time step, and Δ s is depth step；
It determines depth step Δ s and time step Δ t, and depth step Δ s and time step Δ t is substituted into formula (14), from
Shaft bottom pump end calculates the displacement and load of each point on the sucker rod upwards, obtains surface dynamometer card.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, determine depth step Δ s and time step Δ t when, depth
Step delta s and time step Δ t need to meet relationship described in following formula (26):
6. method described in any one of -5 claims according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the default value is 2%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610940306.4A CN106437682B (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2016-11-01 | A method of prediction oil well indicator card |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610940306.4A CN106437682B (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2016-11-01 | A method of prediction oil well indicator card |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106437682A CN106437682A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106437682B true CN106437682B (en) | 2019-10-01 |
Family
ID=58178471
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610940306.4A Active CN106437682B (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2016-11-01 | A method of prediction oil well indicator card |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106437682B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107575372B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-01-08 | 福建龙马环卫装备股份有限公司 | A kind of failure of pump method for early warning |
| CN107575208B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-12-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for calculating yield of heavy oil well based on ground indicator diagram |
| CN110924904A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for adjusting rotating speed of motor of oil pumping unit by using bottom hole pump indicator diagram |
| CN111005712A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-14 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Automatic identification method for offset wear of directional well rod pipe |
| CN111472723B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2022-03-25 | 上海复泉工程技术有限公司 | Intelligent pumping unit with adjustable pump efficiency |
| CN111946331B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2024-05-24 | 中联煤层气有限责任公司 | Method for testing bottom hole flow pressure and method for obtaining viscous resistance |
| CN114166694A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-11 | 扬州江苏油田瑞达石油工程技术开发有限公司 | Method for solving apparent viscosity of lifted liquid by using indicator diagram of pumping well |
| CN114517673A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-20 | 沈阳中科奥维科技股份有限公司 | Indicator diagram prediction method based on electric parameters |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3527094A (en) * | 1967-08-04 | 1970-09-08 | Shell Oil Co | Apparatus for analyzing sucker-rod wave motion |
| US5252031A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-12 | Gibbs Sam G | Monitoring and pump-off control with downhole pump cards |
| US5464058A (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 1995-11-07 | James N. McCoy | Method of using a polished rod transducer |
| CN1888375A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-03 | 姜士湖 | API beam-pumping unit design plan |
| CN1970991A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-05-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for metering oil production yield and analyzing and optimizing operating condition of oil well and system thereof |
| CN101397898A (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2009-04-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江苏油田分公司 | Eccentric wear prevention method for pumping well with pole |
| CN104956030A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2015-09-30 | 勒夫金工业有限责任公司 | Real-time pump diagnostic algorithms and application thereof |
| EP2963234A1 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-06 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Stress calculations for sucker rod pumping systems |
| EP2344768B1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2018-10-10 | Lufkin Industries, LLC | Apparatus for analysis and control of a reciprocating pump system by determination of a pump card |
-
2016
- 2016-11-01 CN CN201610940306.4A patent/CN106437682B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3527094A (en) * | 1967-08-04 | 1970-09-08 | Shell Oil Co | Apparatus for analyzing sucker-rod wave motion |
| US5252031A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-12 | Gibbs Sam G | Monitoring and pump-off control with downhole pump cards |
| US5464058A (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 1995-11-07 | James N. McCoy | Method of using a polished rod transducer |
| CN1888375A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-03 | 姜士湖 | API beam-pumping unit design plan |
| CN1970991A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-05-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for metering oil production yield and analyzing and optimizing operating condition of oil well and system thereof |
| CN101397898A (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2009-04-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江苏油田分公司 | Eccentric wear prevention method for pumping well with pole |
| EP2344768B1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2018-10-10 | Lufkin Industries, LLC | Apparatus for analysis and control of a reciprocating pump system by determination of a pump card |
| CN104956030A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2015-09-30 | 勒夫金工业有限责任公司 | Real-time pump diagnostic algorithms and application thereof |
| EP2963234A1 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-06 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Stress calculations for sucker rod pumping systems |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 抽油机井节能参数优化设计方法;张喜顺等;《价值工程》;20111231;第46-47页 * |
| 有杆泵系统优化设计技术的应用研究;刘一江等;《石油大学学报(自然科学版)》;20110430;第25卷(第2期);第26-27页 * |
| 用改进的有限差分法预测地面示功图;张公社;《江汉石油学院学报》;19891231;第11卷(第4期);第31-36页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106437682A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106437682B (en) | A method of prediction oil well indicator card | |
| CN105257279A (en) | Method for measuring working fluid level of rod-pumped well | |
| EP2776714B1 (en) | Fluid load line calculation, concavity test, and iterations on damping factor for downhole pump card | |
| US9115574B2 (en) | Low profile rod pumping unit with pneumatic counterbalance for the active control of the rod string | |
| CN103498663B (en) | A kind of sucker rod pump hoisting system pumping technological parameter defining method and device | |
| JPH11514065A (en) | Coriolis pump off-state control device | |
| Baranov et al. | Constructing and calculating of multistage sucker rod string according to reduced stress | |
| CN206757617U (en) | For the device and the readable storage facilities of tangible machine of the yield for determining down-hole pump | |
| CN108979623A (en) | A kind of recognition methods of exception indicator card | |
| CN106194119B (en) | The method that the load shedding of rod-pumped well proposes effect | |
| CN106351645A (en) | Method and device for continuously measuring working fluid level of rod-pumped well | |
| CN104153982B (en) | A kind of acquisition characteristic method and device of rod-pumped well downhole system | |
| CN108240215A (en) | A kind of pumpingh well plunger effective stroke based on finite difference calculus determines method | |
| WO2020077469A1 (en) | System and method for operating downhole pump | |
| CN102562024B (en) | Fracturing design method for optimizing uniform spreading concentration | |
| CN206785355U (en) | Oil pumper special single-way valve type flow sensor | |
| RU2700738C1 (en) | Method of improving reliability of water cut monitoring of products of oil producing wells equipped with sucker-rod bottom pumps | |
| CN104405364B (en) | A kind of evaluation method and device for oil well production characteristics | |
| CN117436319B (en) | Oil pumping well production gas-oil ratio calculation method based on ground indicator diagram | |
| CN209604223U (en) | Gas injection anti-seizing oil pump and oil extraction system | |
| Aditsania et al. | Modeling and simulation performance of sucker rod beam pump | |
| Minzheng et al. | Dynamic Model and Analysis of a Sucker-rod Pump Injection-production System | |
| CN108266177A (en) | The determining method and apparatus of SAGD horizontal well pumping rod column combinations | |
| CN112145130A (en) | Oil well pairing method and device for hydraulic pumping unit | |
| CN109424355A (en) | Oil well collapses the acquisition methods and device of state |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: No. 189, Fanyang West Road, Zhuozhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province 072750 Patentee after: BGP INC., CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee after: Kunlun Digital Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 189, Fanyang West Road, Zhuozhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province 072750 Patentee before: BGP INC., CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee before: RICHFIT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20220323 Address after: Room 1501, Gehua building, No.1 Qinglong Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing Patentee after: Kunlun Digital Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Address before: No. 189, Fanyang West Road, Zhuozhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province 072750 Patentee before: BGP INC., CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee before: Kunlun Digital Technology Co.,Ltd. |