CN106431451A - 一种碳化硼‑碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴 - Google Patents

一种碳化硼‑碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴 Download PDF

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CN106431451A
CN106431451A CN201610738046.2A CN201610738046A CN106431451A CN 106431451 A CN106431451 A CN 106431451A CN 201610738046 A CN201610738046 A CN 201610738046A CN 106431451 A CN106431451 A CN 106431451A
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boron carbide
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carbide
tungsten carbide
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徐�明
何天赐
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Tongcheng Mingli Boron Carbide Products Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种碳化硼‑碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴，所述喷头由以下重量份的材料组成：纳米碳化硼400‑450份、碳化钨230‑335份、碳化硅45‑50份、氧化钼2‑4份、铝镁尖晶石4‑8份、金红石5‑8份、冰晶石1‑2份、硫酸钴0.1‑0.3份、钾长石3‑4份、白云石4‑6份、陶红泥7‑11份、硝酸钾1‑2份、氧化锗3‑4份、氟硼酸钠2‑4份、氮化铝3‑5份、二硅化钼4‑5份、高岭土2‑3份、火山灰1‑3份、石灰石1‑2份、滑石2‑5份、莫来石4‑8份、硅油1‑2份、聚苯硫醚11‑14份、草木灰0.5‑0.7份、玻璃纤维0.3‑0.5份、酯化果胶液2‑6份。本发明改进了现有技术的制备工艺和配方组成，制得的陶瓷喷嘴具有机械强度高、耐高温、耐化学药品性、耐磨等优点，而且烧成品合格率也有了很大提高。

Description

一种碳化硼-碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴
技术领域
本发明涉及碳化硼元件制备技术领域，具体涉及一种碳化硼-碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴。
背景技术
陶瓷喷嘴自上个世纪九时年代引入中国以来，材料不断的改进更新，从氧化物陶瓷逐渐发展到氮化物陶瓷和碳化物陶瓷，而生产工艺及制备方法落后，致使现有技术中陶瓷喷嘴存在诸多缺陷，比如硬度不高、耐磨性差、防腐蚀防冲蚀能力弱、延展性不大等。为克服现有技术的不足，有必要对现有陶瓷喷嘴生产技术加以改进，从而制得适合不同需求的具有成本低、功能多元化、阻燃、硬度高、耐磨、防辐射等功能的陶瓷喷嘴。
碳化硼突出的优点是密度低、硬度高和中子吸收截面大，主要以碳化硼陶瓷材料的形式应用。碳化硼因强共价键结合，自扩散系数低，烧结困难。通常采用热压或者热等静压烧结才能实现致密化。但是，一方面热压和热等静压只能制备尺寸相对较小、形状简单的制品，另外一方面热压和热等静压的制造成本高，因此阻碍了碳化硼材料的应用。
发明内容
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种碳化硼-碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种碳化硼-碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴，所述碳化硼喷头由以下重量份的材料组成：纳米碳化硼400-450份、碳化钨230-335份、碳化硅45-50份、氧化钼2-4份、铝镁尖晶石4-8份、金红石5-8份、冰晶石1-2份、硫酸钴0.1-0.3份、钾长石3-4份、白云石4-6份、陶红泥7-11份、硝酸钾1-2份、氧化锗3-4份、氟硼酸钠2-4份、氮化铝3-5份、二硅化钼4-5份、高岭土2-3份、火山灰1-3份、石灰石1-2份、滑石2-5份、莫来石4-8份、硅油1-2份、聚苯硫醚11-14份、草木灰0.5-0.7份、玻璃纤维0.3-0.5份、酯化果胶液2-6份。
所述碳化硼喷头由以下重量份的材料组成：纳米碳化硼420份、碳化钨300份、碳化硅48份、氧化钼3份、铝镁尖晶石5份、金红石5份、冰晶石2份、硫酸钴0.2份、钾长石3份、白云石5份、陶红泥10份、硝酸钾1份、氧化锗3份、氟硼酸钠3份、氮化铝4份、二硅化钼4份、高岭土2份、火山灰2份、石灰石1份、滑石3份、莫来石5份、硅油1份、聚苯硫醚13份、草木灰0.6份、玻璃纤维0.4份、酯化果胶液3份。
所述制备方法包括如下制作步骤：
①、原材料混合：按照重量百分比取上述原料，将碳化硼混合粉末与麦芽糖浆以重量比5:1的比例混合，搅拌均匀，最终的效果是手指轻捏能成小团；
②、材料的压制预处理、造粒：将搅拌均匀的碳化硼混合粉末装入合金模具，用冷压机压制成饼状即可，每次压制装入与模具孔等体积的碳化硼粉末，将饼状碳化硼通过80目的不锈钢筛筛成颗粒状；
③、热处理：使用中频烧结炉加热，开机，将功率调至120kw/h加热，加热时间为1小时35分钟，温度达到2200℃，中间过程中电压不稳，要随时调节，保证120kw/h的功率，炉内温度达到2200℃时开始保温，每5分钟将功率下调10kw/h,保温时间为20分钟；
④、压制冷切成型：保温结束后开始加压，通过远程控制阀给中频烧结炉加压，加压前10分钟匀速加压到10MPa，然后5分钟保持匀速加压到15MPa，整个加压过程约15分钟，开始保压5分钟，最后关机，整个压制时间约20分钟，最后通过循环水给炉体冷却成型。
本发明的有益效果：本发明通过改进原料配方及工艺，扬长避短，增强了产品强度，同时具有极好的耐热阻燃、耐候性、耐腐蚀、耐磨等性能。
具体实施方式
为了便于本发明内容的理解，下面将结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以下实施例仅为本发明的一部分实施例。
实施例1：
按照重量百分比称取纳米碳化硼400份、碳化钨230份、碳化硅45份、氧化钼2份、铝镁尖晶石4份、金红石5份、冰晶石1份、硫酸钴0.1份、钾长石3份、白云石4份、陶红泥7份、硝酸钾1份、氧化锗3份、氟硼酸钠2份、氮化铝3份、二硅化钼4份、高岭土2份、火山灰1份、石灰石1份、滑石2份、莫来石4份、硅油1份、聚苯硫醚11份、草木灰0.5份、玻璃纤维0.3份、酯化果胶液2份。
按照如下步骤制备成型：①、原材料混合：按照重量百分比取上述原料，将碳化硼粉末与麦芽糖浆以重量比5:1的比例混合，搅拌均匀，最终的效果是手指轻捏能成小团；
②、材料的压制预处理、造粒：将搅拌均匀的碳化硼混合粉末装入合金模具，用冷压机压制成饼状即可，每次压制装入与模具孔等体积的碳化硼粉末，将饼状碳化硼通过80目的不锈钢筛筛成颗粒状；
③、热处理：使用中频烧结炉加热，开机，将功率调至120kw/h加热，加热时间为1小时35分钟，温度达到2200℃，中间过程中电压不稳，要随时调节，保证120kw/h的功率，炉内温度达到2200℃时开始保温，每5分钟将功率下调10kw/h,保温时间为20分钟；
④、压制冷切成型：保温结束后开始加压，通过远程控制阀给中频烧结炉加压，加压前10分钟匀速加压到10MPa，然后5分钟保持匀速加压到15MPa，整个加压过程约15分钟，开始保压5分钟，最后关机，整个压制时间约20分钟，最后通过循环水给炉体冷却成型。
实施例2：
按照重量百分比称取纳米碳化硼450份、碳化钨335份、碳化硅50份、氧化钼4份、铝镁尖晶石8份、金红石8份、冰晶石2份、硫酸钴0.3份、钾长石4份、白云石6份、陶红泥11份、硝酸钾2份、氧化锗4份、氟硼酸钠4份、氮化铝5份、二硅化钼5份、高岭土3份、火山灰3份、石灰石2份、滑石5份、莫来石8份、硅油2份、聚苯硫醚14份、草木灰0.7份、玻璃纤维0.5份、酯化果胶液6份。
按照如下步骤制备成型：①、原材料混合：按照重量百分比取上述原料，将碳化硼粉末与麦芽糖浆以重量比5:1的比例混合，搅拌均匀，最终的效果是手指轻捏能成小团；
②、材料的压制预处理、造粒：将搅拌均匀的碳化硼混合粉末装入合金模具，用冷压机压制成饼状即可，每次压制装入与模具孔等体积的碳化硼粉末，将饼状碳化硼通过80目的不锈钢筛筛成颗粒状；
③、热处理：使用中频烧结炉加热，开机，将功率调至120kw/h加热，加热时间为1小时35分钟，温度达到2200℃，中间过程中电压不稳，要随时调节，保证120kw/h的功率，炉内温度达到2200℃时开始保温，每5分钟将功率下调10kw/h,保温时间为20分钟；
④、压制冷切成型：保温结束后开始加压，通过远程控制阀给中频烧结炉加压，加压前10分钟匀速加压到10MPa，然后5分钟保持匀速加压到15MPa，整个加压过程约15分钟，开始保压5分钟，最后关机，整个压制时间约20分钟，最后通过循环水给炉体冷却成型。
实施例3：
按照重量百分比称取纳米碳化硼420份、碳化钨300份、碳化硅48份、氧化钼3份、铝镁尖晶石5份、金红石5份、冰晶石2份、硫酸钴0.2份、钾长石3份、白云石5份、陶红泥10份、硝酸钾1份、氧化锗3份、氟硼酸钠3份、氮化铝4份、二硅化钼4份、高岭土2份、火山灰2份、石灰石1份、滑石3份、莫来石5份、硅油1份、聚苯硫醚13份、草木灰0.6份、玻璃纤维0.4份、酯化果胶液3份。
按照如下步骤制备成型：①、原材料混合：按照重量百分比取上述原料，将碳化硼粉末与麦芽糖浆以重量比5:1的比例混合，搅拌均匀，最终的效果是手指轻捏能成小团；
②、材料的压制预处理、造粒：将搅拌均匀的碳化硼混合粉末装入合金模具，用冷压机压制成饼状即可，每次压制装入与模具孔等体积的碳化硼粉末，将饼状碳化硼通过80目的不锈钢筛筛成颗粒状；
③、热处理：使用中频烧结炉加热，开机，将功率调至120kw/h加热，加热时间为1小时35分钟，温度达到2200℃，中间过程中电压不稳，要随时调节，保证120kw/h的功率，炉内温度达到2200℃时开始保温，每5分钟将功率下调10kw/h,保温时间为20分钟；
④、压制冷切成型：保温结束后开始加压，通过远程控制阀给中频烧结炉加压，加压前10分钟匀速加压到10MPa，然后5分钟保持匀速加压到15MPa，整个加压过程约15分钟，开始保压5分钟，最后关机，整个压制时间约20分钟，最后通过循环水给炉体冷却成型。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明的构思或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种碳化硼-碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，所述碳化硼喷头由以下重量份的材料组成：纳米碳化硼400-450份、碳化钨230-335份、碳化硅45-50份、氧化钼2-4份、铝镁尖晶石4-8份、金红石5-8份、冰晶石1-2份、硫酸钴0.1-0.3份、钾长石3-4份、白云石4-6份、陶红泥7-11份、硝酸钾1-2份、氧化锗3-4份、氟硼酸钠2-4份、氮化铝3-5份、二硅化钼4-5份、高岭土2-3份、火山灰1-3份、石灰石1-2份、滑石2-5份、莫来石4-8份、硅油1-2份、聚苯硫醚11-14份、草木灰0.5-0.7份、玻璃纤维0.3-0.5份、酯化果胶液2-6份。
2.一种碳化硼-碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，所述碳化硼喷头由以下重量份的材料组成：纳米碳化硼420份、碳化钨300份、碳化硅48份、氧化钼3份、铝镁尖晶石5份、金红石5份、冰晶石2份、硫酸钴0.2份、钾长石3份、白云石5份、陶红泥10份、硝酸钾1份、氧化锗3份、氟硼酸钠3份、氮化铝4份、二硅化钼4份、高岭土2份、火山灰2份、石灰石1份、滑石3份、莫来石5份、硅油1份、聚苯硫醚13份、草木灰0.6份、玻璃纤维0.4份、酯化果胶液3份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种碳化硼-碳化钨复合的陶瓷喷嘴，其特征在于，其制备方法包括如下制作步骤：
①、原材料混合：按照重量百分比取上述原料混合，将碳化硼混合粉末与麦芽糖浆以重量比5:1的比例混合，搅拌均匀，最终的效果是手指轻捏能成小团；
②、材料的压制预处理、造粒：将搅拌均匀的碳化硼混合粉末装入合金模具，用冷压机压制成饼状即可，每次压制装入与模具孔等体积的碳化硼粉末，将饼状碳化硼通过80目的不锈钢筛筛成颗粒状；
③、热处理：使用中频烧结炉加热，开机，将功率调至120kw/h加热，加热时间为1小时35分钟，温度达到2200℃，中间过程中电压不稳，要随时调节，保证120kw/h的功率，炉内温度达到2200℃时开始保温，每5分钟将功率下调10kw/h,保温时间为20分钟；
④、压制冷切成型：保温结束后开始加压，通过远程控制阀给中频烧结炉加压，加压前10分钟匀速加压到10MPa，然后5分钟保持匀速加压到15MPa，整个加压过程约15分钟，开始保压5分钟，最后关机，整个压制时间约20分钟，最后通过循环水给炉体冷却成型。
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