CN106420879B - 一种辅助降血糖纳米粒及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种辅助降血糖纳米粒及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供的是一种辅助降血糖纳米粒及其制备方法,属于生物制药技术领域,以马尾藻寡糖及甜菊叶茶制备液为水相,以大豆卵磷脂为表面活性剂,与红曲橙色素乙醇溶液复合制得马尾藻功能寡糖与橙色素辅助降血糖纳米粒。本发明制备的纳米粒具有辅助降低血糖的功效,运用纳米载体包埋,具有提高降血糖活性成分稳定性、延长作用时间、及增强降血糖效应,显著提高了功能寡糖与色素的生物利用度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物制药技术领域,具体为一种辅助降血糖纳米粒及其制备方法。
背景技术
糖尿病是一种以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病,由于胰岛素分泌缺陷或其生物作用受损而引起。我国马尾藻资源丰富,沿海分布广泛。马尾藻中脂肪含量较低且含有丰富的矿物质和维生素,马尾藻多糖具有良好的降血糖活性。橙色素是红曲色素的重要组成部分,具有一定的抑菌性。橙色素是红曲色素生物合成途径中的一个中间成分,易被氧化或还原而成黄色素或红色素。国内外对橙色素的研究很少,在食品及其它领域的应用上也未得到充分的开发研究。甜菊叶含有甜菊糖苷,是一种天然甜味剂,具有高甜度、低热量、无毒副作用等特点,在对甜菊及糖苷的开发应用中发现,它不但可作甜味剂,还具有降血糖、降血压、防治胃癌、胃溃疡、抗组胺等药理作用。目前,常规治疗糖尿病的药物主要是口服降血糖药和长期注射胰岛素,但其均有不同程度的副反应,且施药受限,不能适应当今快节奏的生活需求和不断提升的生活品味,于是寻找降糖作用持久且毒副小、服用方便和便于携带的天然物质剂型显得很有必要。
本发明中利用制备的马尾藻寡糖与红曲橙色素复合纳米粒,灌胃64天观察其对金黄地鼠空腹血糖、葡萄糖耐量的影响。结果表明,复合纳米粒能显著降低高脂饲料喂养的金黄地鼠空腹血糖含量,显著改善葡萄糖耐量水平。马尾藻寡糖与红曲橙色素在营养成分、降低空腹血糖和改善糖耐量等方面,具有不同优势,在开发降糖类保健食品时可以配合使用。本发明所制备的纳米体软胶囊,运用纳米载体包埋降血糖活性成分,提高其稳定性、延长作用时间、增强降血糖效应。通过修饰纳米粒子可以使降血糖活性成分具有更好的主动靶向性、缓释性,显著提高活性成分的生物利用度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种辅助降血糖纳米粒及其制备方法。以大豆油与红曲橙色素溶于乙醇中作为有机相,于含马尾藻寡糖的甜菊叶溶液中加入乳化剂,作为水相恒温在有机溶剂沸点以上,然后把油相迅速注入到水相中,揽拌并挥尽有机溶剂,冷却制得固体脂质纳米粒。制得的复合纳米粒所用原料均为天然有效成分,既具有降血糖活性,又保留了马尾藻营养以红曲橙色素的天然防腐作用。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种马尾藻寡糖与红曲橙色素联合辅助降血糖纳米粒,主要原料按其重量份计包括如下:马尾藻100-250份、红曲橙色素0.5-1.3份、甜菊叶1-3份、杉藻10-15份、麒麟菜7-10份、江蓠菜5-15份、食用乙醇50-130份、大豆油10-25份,大豆卵磷脂60-90份。
制备方法包括如下:
(1)将100-250份马尾藻干燥后粉碎,向马尾藻干粉中加入95%乙醇回流提取1-2小时,干粉重量与乙醇体积比为1:15-20g/mL,回流结束后除去乙醇,烘干得到干燥脱脂的马尾藻粉末;马尾藻粉末中加入蒸馏水,其中马尾藻质量与蒸馏水体积比为1:25-30,85-90℃下使用水提法提取2-3小时,提取结束后,进行过滤,将滤渣重复上述步骤进行2-3次提取,将获得的滤液混合后进行浓缩至原体积1/5,加入浓缩液体积3-4倍的95%乙醇,4-10℃静置沉淀8-12小时后,离心收集上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得马尾藻粗寡糖粉末;
(2)将甜菊叶放入100℃开水浸泡5-8min,甜菊叶重量和开水体积比为1-3:300-500 g/mL,冷却加入步骤(1)得到马尾藻寡糖粉末,制成马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液;
(3)红曲橙色素与食用乙醇按照1:100-150重量份比例制得悬浮液,40-55℃ 80Hz条件下超声波溶解3-5min,得橙色素食用乙醇混合液;
(4)将质量浓度为3-4%强碱水400-700份加热至50-60℃,再加入重量份的杉藻10-15份、麒麟菜7-10份、江蓠菜5-15份粉末混合并不断搅拌直至形成透明溶液,恒温处理30-45min,使之溶化成均匀的胶液,用100-150目纱布过滤,滤液于50-60℃下水浴保温45-60分钟,除去液面泡沫,制得海藻胶胶液,备用;
(5)大豆油10-25份溶于橙色素食用乙醇混合液溶作为有机相,将海藻胶与大豆卵磷脂按照1:10-15重量份比例加入步骤(2)制备的马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液中作为水相,恒温在80-100℃,然后把有机相迅速注入到水相中,400-500 rpm/min搅拌挥尽乙醇,再超声形成纳米混悬液,迅速置于冷水浴中,冷却搅拌即得脂质纳米粒。
本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明提供的马尾藻寡糖与红曲橙色素联合辅助降血糖纳米粒,所用原料均为天然有效成分,既具有降血糖活性,又保留了马尾藻营养以红曲橙色素的天然防腐作用。
(2)运用纳米载体包埋,显著提高了降血糖活性成分的稳定性和生物利用度,延长了作用时间,增强降血糖效应。
附图说明
图1复马尾藻寡糖与橙色素复合纳米粒溶液对金黄地鼠糖耐量的影响。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种马尾藻寡糖与红曲橙色素联合辅助降血糖纳米粒,主要原料按其重量份计包括如下:马尾藻200份、红曲橙色素1份、甜菊叶2份、杉藻12份、麒麟菜8份、江蓠菜10份、食用乙醇100份、大豆油20份,大豆卵磷脂75份。
制备方法包括如下:
(1)将200马尾藻干燥后粉碎,向马尾藻干粉中加入95%乙醇回流提取2小时,干粉重量与乙醇体积比为1:18g/mL,回流结束后除去乙醇,烘干得到干燥脱脂的马尾藻粉末;马尾藻粉末中加入蒸馏水,其中马尾藻质量与蒸馏水体积比为1:27,85℃下使用水提法提取2小时,提取结束后,进行过滤,将滤渣重复上述步骤进行2次提取,将获得的滤液混合后进行浓缩至原体积1/5,加入浓缩液体积3倍的95%乙醇,7℃静置沉淀10小时后,离心收集上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得马尾藻粗寡糖粉末;
(2)将甜菊叶放入100℃开水浸泡7min,甜菊叶重量和开水体积比为2:400 g/mL,冷却加入步骤(1)得到马尾藻寡糖粉末,制成马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液;
(3)红曲橙色素与食用乙醇按照1:120重量份比例制得悬浮液,50℃ 80Hz条件下超声波溶解4min,得橙色素食用乙醇混合液;
(4)将质量浓度为4%强碱水550份加热至50℃,再加入重量份杉藻12份、麒麟菜8份、江蓠菜10份粉末混合并不断搅拌直至形成透明溶液,恒温处理40min,使之溶化成均匀的胶液,用120目纱布过滤,滤液于55℃下水浴保温55分钟,除去液面泡沫,制得海藻胶胶液,备用;
(5)大豆油20份溶于橙色素食用乙醇混合液溶作为有机相,将海藻胶与大豆卵磷脂按照1:12重量份比例加入步骤(2)制备的马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液中作为水相,恒温在90℃,然后把有机相迅速注入到水相中,450 rpm/min搅拌挥尽乙醇,再超声形成纳米混悬液,迅速置于冷水浴中,冷却搅拌即得脂质纳米粒。
实施例2
一种马尾藻寡糖与红曲橙色素联合辅助降血糖纳米粒,主要原料按其重量份计包括如下:马尾藻100份、红曲橙色素0.5份、甜菊叶1份、杉藻10份、麒麟菜7份、江蓠菜5份、食用乙醇50份、大豆油10份,大豆卵磷脂60份。
制备方法包括如下:
(1)将100份马尾藻干燥后粉碎,向马尾藻干粉中加入95%乙醇回流提取1小时,干粉重量与乙醇体积比为1:15g/mL,回流结束后除去乙醇,烘干得到干燥脱脂的马尾藻粉末;马尾藻粉末中加入蒸馏水,其中马尾藻质量与蒸馏水体积比为1:25,85℃下使用水提法提取2小时,提取结束后,进行过滤,将滤渣重复上述步骤进行2次提取,将获得的滤液混合后进行浓缩至原体积1/5,加入浓缩液体积3倍的95%乙醇,4℃静置沉淀8小时后,离心收集上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得马尾藻粗寡糖粉末;
(2)将甜菊叶放入100℃开水浸泡5min,甜菊叶重量和开水体积比为1:300 g/mL,冷却加入步骤(1)得到马尾藻寡糖粉末,制成马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液;
(3)红曲橙色素与食用乙醇按照1:100重量份比例制得悬浮液,40℃ 80Hz条件下超声波溶解3min,得橙色素食用乙醇混合液;
(4)将质量浓度为3%强碱水400份加热至50℃,再加入重量份杉藻10份、麒麟菜7份、江蓠菜5份粉末混合并不断搅拌直至形成透明溶液,恒温处理30min,使之溶化成均匀的胶液,用100目纱布过滤,滤液于50℃下水浴保温45分钟,除去液面泡沫,制得海藻胶胶液,备用;
(5)大豆油10份溶于橙色素食用乙醇混合液溶作为有机相,将海藻胶与大豆卵磷脂按照1:10重量份比例加入步骤(2)制备的马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液中作为水相,恒温在80℃,然后把有机相迅速注入到水相中,400rpm/min搅拌挥尽乙醇,再超声形成纳米混悬液,迅速置于冷水浴中,冷却搅拌即得脂质纳米粒。
实施例3
一种马尾藻寡糖与红曲橙色素联合辅助降血糖纳米粒,主要原料按其重量份计包括如下:马尾藻250份、红曲橙色素1.3份、甜菊叶3份、杉藻15份、麒麟菜10份、江蓠菜15份、食用乙醇130份、大豆油25份,大豆卵磷脂90份。
制备方法包括如下:
(1)将250份马尾藻干燥后粉碎,向马尾藻干粉中加入95%乙醇回流提取2小时,干粉重量与乙醇体积比为1:20g/mL,回流结束后除去乙醇,烘干得到干燥脱脂的马尾藻粉末;马尾藻粉末中加入蒸馏水,其中马尾藻质量与蒸馏水体积比为1:30, 90℃下使用水提法提取3小时,提取结束后,进行过滤,将滤渣重复上述步骤进行3次提取,将获得的滤液混合后进行浓缩至原体积1/5,加入浓缩液体积4倍的95%乙醇, 10℃静置沉淀12小时后,离心收集上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得马尾藻粗寡糖粉末;
(2)将甜菊叶放入100℃开水浸泡8min,甜菊叶重量和开水体积比为3: 500 g/mL,冷却加入步骤(1)得到马尾藻寡糖粉末,制成马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液;
(3)红曲橙色素与食用乙醇按照1: 150重量份比例制得悬浮液,55℃ 80Hz条件下超声波溶解5min,得橙色素食用乙醇混合液;
(4)将质量浓度为4%强碱水700份纯净水加热至60℃,再加入重量份杉藻15份、麒麟菜10份、江蓠菜15份粉末混合并不断搅拌直至形成透明溶液,恒温处理45min,使之溶化成均匀的胶液,用150目纱布过滤,滤液于60℃下水浴保温60分钟,除去液面泡沫,制得海藻胶胶液,备用;
(5)大豆油25份溶于橙色素食用乙醇混合液溶作为有机相,将海藻胶与大豆卵磷脂按照1: 15重量份比例加入步骤(2)制备的马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液中作为水相,恒温在100℃,然后把有机相迅速注入到水相中,500 rpm/min搅拌挥尽乙醇,再超声形成纳米混悬液,迅速置于冷水浴中,冷却搅拌即得脂质纳米粒。
实验例:
金黄地鼠普通饲料适应性饲养2周,自由摄食、饮水。将金黄地鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药物组、马尾藻寡糖与橙色素复合试验组,每组 8 只。模型组、阳性药物组及复合试验组分别喂高糖高脂饲料,正常组喂普通饲料。同时,复合试验组灌胃配制纳米粒溶液(80 mg/kg·bw,以实施例1中制备获得的纳米粒配制),阳性药物组灌胃50 mg/kg·bw二甲双胍,正常组及模型组灌胃生理盐水,灌胃体积1 mL/d,连续60天。观察记录金黄地鼠体重、摄食、及饮水情况。禁食12h后,测空腹血糖,并观察复合试验组对金黄地鼠空腹血糖及其糖耐量的影响。
表1:马尾藻寡糖与橙色素复合纳米粒溶液对金黄地鼠餐后血糖的影响
表1
由表1 可知,正常组金黄地鼠血糖值基本保持稳定,模型组金黄地鼠血糖值随着时间的延长逐渐升高,饲喂60天后模型组血糖值明显高于正常组,而二甲双胍阳性药物组及复合纳米粒组金黄地鼠血糖值基本保持稳定,并且明显低于模型组,表明该复合纳米粒可抑制金黄地鼠的血糖升高。由图1可知,葡萄糖曲线下面积:正常组<纳米粒组<药物组<模型组,复合纳米粒溶液可改善金黄地鼠耐糖量水平。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种辅助降血糖纳米粒,其特征在于:原料按重量份计组成如下:马尾藻100-250份、红曲橙色素0.5-1.3份、甜菊叶1-3份、杉藻10-15份、麒麟菜7-10份、江蓠菜5-15份、食用乙醇50-130份、大豆油10-25份,大豆卵磷脂60-90份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种辅助降血糖纳米粒的制备方法,其特征在于:方法包括如下:
(1)将100-250份马尾藻干燥后粉碎,向马尾藻干粉中加入95%乙醇回流提取1-2小时,干粉重量与乙醇体积比为1:15-20g/mL,回流结束后除去乙醇,烘干得到干燥脱脂的马尾藻粉末;马尾藻粉末中加入蒸馏水,其中马尾藻质量与蒸馏水体积比为1:25-30,85-90℃下使用水提法提取2-3小时,提取结束后,进行过滤,将滤渣重复上述步骤进行2-3次提取,将获得的滤液混合后进行浓缩至原体积1/5,加入浓缩液体积3-4倍的95%乙醇,4-10℃静置沉淀8-12小时后,离心收集上清液,真空冷冻干燥后得马尾藻粗寡糖粉末;
(2)将甜菊叶放入100℃开水浸泡5-8min,甜菊叶重量和开水体积比为1-3:300-500 g/mL,冷却加入步骤(1)得到马尾藻寡糖粉末,制成马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液;
(3)红曲橙色素与食用乙醇按照1:100-150重量份比例制得悬浮液,40-55℃ 80Hz条件下超声波溶解3-5min,得橙色素食用乙醇混合液;
(4)将质量浓度为3-4%强碱水400-700份加热至50-60℃,再加入重量份的杉藻10-15份、麒麟菜7-10份、江蓠菜5-15份粉末混合并不断搅拌直至形成透明溶液,恒温处理30-45min,使之溶化成均匀的胶液,用100-150目纱布过滤,滤液于50-60℃下水浴保温45-60分钟,除去液面泡沫,制得海藻胶胶液,备用;
(5)大豆油10-25份溶于橙色素食用乙醇混合液溶作为有机相,将海藻胶与大豆卵磷脂按照1:10-15重量份比例加入步骤(2)制备的马尾藻寡糖甜菊叶溶液中作为水相,恒温在80-100℃,然后把有机相迅速注入到水相中,400-500 rpm/min搅拌挥尽乙醇,再超声形成纳米混悬液,迅速置于冷水浴中,冷却搅拌即得脂质纳米粒。
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