CN106413364B - Graphene and transparent conductive film bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Two-way transparent electromagnetic shield device of inhaling ripples based on graphite alkene transparent conductive film belongs to optics transparency electromagnetic shield technical field, and this electromagnetic shield device is assembled by transparent absorbed layer A, transparent medium A, transparent reflection stratum, transparent medium B and the transparent absorbed layer B that overlap in proper order and parallel configuration and constitutes, transparent absorbed layer A and B constitute by 1-6 layers by transparent medium divided graphite alkene films, transparent reflection stratum comprises transparent conductive film, including transparent metallic compound film, nanometer silver line film or metal net bars: the electromagnetic shielding device can strongly absorb radio frequency radiation on two sides of the device for multiple times at the same time, and realizes bidirectional strong shielding and low reflection characteristics; the invention solves the problem that the existing transparent electromagnetic shielding method can not give consideration to both bidirectional low electromagnetic reflection, strong electromagnetic shielding and high light transmission, and has the characteristics of bidirectional low electromagnetic reflection, strong electromagnetic shielding and high light transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical transparent part electromagnetic shielding, and particularly relates to a bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device based on a graphene/transparent conductive film.
Background
With the development of broadcasting, television, wireless communication technology and microwave technology, radio frequency equipment is equipped in a large number in various places where people move, the frequency spectrum range is continuously widened, and the intensity is multiplied, so that the radio frequency equipment not only causes interference to electronic equipment, but also threatens human health. The invisible electromagnetic pollution directly acts on machines or human bodies, is an invisible killer with serious harm, and becomes the fifth largest pollution following atmospheric pollution, water pollution, solid waste pollution and noise pollution. Electromagnetic shielding (including absorption and reflection) is a major measure for preventing and treating electromagnetic pollution, and in recent years, electromagnetic shielding technology has received much attention. The electromagnetic shielding, namely transparent electromagnetic shielding, which is required in visual observation occasions is always a difficult point and a hot point, and the application of the electromagnetic shielding, namely transparent electromagnetic shielding, comprises a medical electromagnetic isolation room observation window, a communication equipment transparent electromagnetic shielding element, an aerospace equipment optical window, an advanced optical instrument optical window, a confidential facility electromagnetic leakage prevention optical window, a liquid crystal display screen, a mobile phone touch screen, a vehicle-mounted transparent antenna and the like.
At present, the difficulty of realizing transparent electromagnetic shielding mainly lies in that most of traditional wave-absorbing materials are opaque or have poor transparency, and the transparency and the conductive shielding capability of the reflection transparent shielding technology based on transparent conductive materials or devices are mutually restricted, so that high transparency and strong electromagnetic shielding are difficult to realize simultaneously. In addition, the conductive reflective transparent shielding technology reflects electromagnetic radiation back to the space, which causes secondary pollution to the space environment and is not beneficial to the thorough prevention and treatment of electromagnetic pollution.
Carbon materials play a very important role in many areas of modern technology, among the many allotropes of carbon, graphene is a very typical material, graphene being formed from carbon atoms in sp2The hexagonal honeycomb lattice planar thin film formed by the hybrid tracks is a two-dimensional material with the thickness of only one carbon atom, has multiple excellent properties, one of the outstanding properties is excellent transparent conductivity and certain microwave absorption performance, so that the graphene has high application value in the field of transparent electromagnetic shielding:
1. U.S. Pat. No. 20130068521, "graphene prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)" is loaded on a metal plate or a polymer substrate to realize Electromagnetic shielding, and compared with a metal plate or a polymer substrate which is not loaded with graphene, the Electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the whole structure is improved after the graphene is loaded.
2. Patent 201310232829.X "graphene-based structure and method for shielding electromagnetic radiation" describes an electromagnetic shielding structure for shielding electromagnetic radiation having a frequency greater than 1 mhz, the structure being composed of one or more layers of graphene, at least one layer of graphene being doped with a dopant.
3. Patent 201420099425.8 "a transparent electromagnetic shielding film based on graphene film" describes a transparent electromagnetic shielding film with nano-silver wires arranged between a transparent substrate and a graphene film, wherein the nano-silver wires act as a charge bridge to increase the conductivity of the whole electromagnetic shielding film and improve the shielding efficiency.
4. James M.Tour et al, Rice University (Rice University), USA, prepares a metal mesh with a line width of 5 μm by photolithography, and transfers single-layer Graphene on the surface thereof to prepare a Graphene-metal mesh mixed conductive film (James M.Tour et al, "random Design of Hybrid Graphene Films for High-Performance transmission Electrodes". ACS Nano, 2011, 5 (8): 6472-6479), which can realize a light transmittance of 90% and a sheet resistance of 20 Ω/sq.
5. Seul Ki Hong et al, Korea scientific and technical institute (KAIST), reported that the shielding efficiency of single-layer graphene was 2.27dB (Hong S K et al, "Electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency of monolayer graphene". Nanotechnology,2012,23 (45): 455704), with absorption and reflection losses of-4.38 dB and-13.66 dB, respectively.
6. Kim S of the University of Korea (Sungkyunkwan University) and Myeong-Gi, et al of the Korea three-star Motor company (Samsung Electro-Mechanics) use a polyetherimide/redox method to prepare a Graphene (PEI/RGO) laminate Structure to achieve Electromagnetic Shielding (Kim S, et al, "Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Transmission Shield of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) isolated structural by Electromagnetic Shielding, 201447 17653), the efficiencies of the double-layer PEI/RGO and single-layer PEI/RGO laminates are 6.37dB and 3.09dB, respectively, and the absorption loss accounts for 96% and 92% of the total efficiency, respectively.
According to the scheme, the graphene is used for electromagnetic shielding, and a certain electromagnetic shielding effect can be achieved. US20130068521 adopts graphene as a core device of an electromagnetic shielding device, and transfers a whole large-area graphene onto a metal or polymer substrate by a roll-to-roll graphene transfer method, so as to achieve an excellent electromagnetic shielding effect, but the electromagnetic shielding device does not have transparency. Patent 201310232829.X "graphene-based structure and method for shielding electromagnetic radiation" takes a graphene thin film as a main body of an electromagnetic shielding structure, and at least one layer of the graphene thin film is doped to improve the electromagnetic shielding efficiency, but the doping affects the light transmittance of the whole structure. Patent 201420099425.8, "a transparent electromagnetic shielding film based on graphene thin film", utilizes nano-silver wires to increase the conductivity of the graphene thin film and increase the reflection loss to achieve the improvement of the electromagnetic shielding efficiency, but the main contribution of the electromagnetic shielding is caused by reflection. In the above document 4, the graphene thin film is loaded on the metal mesh to form a structure in which the graphene and the metal mesh are tightly attached to each other, so that the conductivity of the metal mesh is improved, and meanwhile, the light transmittance reaches 91%, but the electromagnetic shielding of the structure is mainly reflected. The research results in the above-mentioned document 5 indicate that although the shielding efficiency of graphene increases greatly as the number of layers increases, the absorption loss increases little, and the light transmittance is lost by 2.3% per one layer of graphene, making it difficult to achieve high light transmittance, low reflection, and strong electromagnetic shielding at the same time with this structure. In the above document 6, the graphene thin film (RGO) and Polyetherimide (PEI) laminated structure prepared by the redox method realizes electromagnetic shielding, and the shielding mainly involves absorption loss, but the shielding efficiency of the double-layer PEI/RGO structure is only 6.37dB, and the light transmittance is only 62%, and it is difficult to realize both strong electromagnetic shielding and high light transmittance.
In a word, in the prior electromagnetic shielding technology, a method mainly based on reflection-type electromagnetic shielding is easy to cause secondary electromagnetic pollution; in the electromagnetic shielding method with absorption loss, either the light transmittance is not high or the electromagnetic shielding efficiency is not strong, so that it is difficult to realize high transparency and strong electromagnetic shielding at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing transparent electromagnetic shielding technology, in particular to the problems that the transparency and the conductive shielding capability of the existing reflective transparent shielding technology are mutually restricted, the high light transmittance and the strong microwave shielding efficiency are difficult to be considered, and electromagnetic leakage and secondary pollution are caused by reflected electromagnetic signals.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device is based on a graphene/transparent conductive film and is formed by assembling a transparent absorption layer A, a transparent medium A, a transparent reflection layer, a transparent medium B and a transparent absorption layer B which are sequentially overlapped and arranged in parallel; the transparent absorption layers A and B are respectively composed of 1-6 graphene films separated by transparent media, and the transparent reflection layer is composed of a transparent conductive film and comprises a transparent metal compound film, a nano silver wire film or a metal mesh grid.
The good effect produced by the invention mainly focuses on realizing the bidirectional low electromagnetic reflection, strong electromagnetic shielding and high light transmittance, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the microwave absorption characteristic of the graphene and the microwave reflection characteristic of the transparent conductive film are organically combined, and the transparent conductive film is used as a transparent reflection layer to realize strong electromagnetic reflection of radio frequency radiation; the transparent absorption layer is a graphene film structure with 1-6 layers separated by a transparent medium, and radio frequency radiation can be partially absorbed and pass through the transparent absorption layer in a low-reflection mode; two groups of transparent absorption layers are respectively arranged on two sides of the transparent reflection layer, so that the microwave which penetrates through the transparent absorption layers is strongly reflected back to the transparent absorption layers, and good electromagnetic shielding is realized through reflection and multiple absorption; two groups of transparent absorption layers are respectively arranged on two sides of the transparent reflection layer to form an electromagnetic shielding device, and simultaneously absorb radio frequency radiation on the inner side and the outer side of the electromagnetic shielding device, so that the radio frequency radiation from two sides of the electromagnetic shielding device is reflected and absorbed for multiple times, and finally, bidirectional low-reflection strong electromagnetic shielding is realized.
On one hand, the multilayer structure solves the problem that the shielding mainly based on reflection easily causes secondary electromagnetic pollution only by a transparent conductive film due to the existence of the transparent absorption layer; on the other hand, due to the existence of the transparent reflecting layer and the arrangement between the two groups of transparent absorbing layers, microwaves to be shielded from two sides of the electromagnetic shielding device can be reflected and absorbed for multiple times, so that the problem of low shielding efficiency when only the graphene film absorbing layer exists is solved, the bidirectional shielding effect is achieved, and the bidirectional shielding effect is mainly absorption; meanwhile, for light waves, the light waves only penetrate through the transparent absorption layer and the transparent reflection layer once, the loss is less, and high light transmission characteristics can be realized.
In conclusion, the invention can realize the most outstanding effects of the invention of simultaneously having bidirectional low electromagnetic reflection, strong electromagnetic shielding and high light transmittance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device based on a graphene/transparent conductive film.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid unit arrangement of a grid metal grid.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an arrangement mode of grid units of a circular ring metal grid.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid unit arrangement of a multi-period micro-ring metal grid.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device based on the graphene/transparent conductive film according to the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device based on the graphene/transparent conductive film according to the embodiment.
Description of part numbers in the figures: 1. protective layer A2, antireflection film A3, transparent absorbing layer A4, transparent medium A5, transparent reflecting layer 6, transparent medium B7, transparent absorbing layer B8, antireflection film B9, protective layer B10, graphene film A11, transparent medium C12, graphene film B13, graphene film C14, microring metal grid
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the electromagnetic shielding device is formed by assembling a transparent absorption layer A3, a transparent medium A4, a transparent reflection layer 5, a transparent medium B6 and a transparent absorption layer B7 which are sequentially overlapped and arranged in parallel; the transparent absorbing layers A3 and B7 are respectively composed of 1-6 graphene films separated by transparent media, and the transparent reflecting layer 5 is composed of a transparent conductive film and comprises a transparent metal compound film, a nano silver wire film or a metal grid.
Arranging a single-layer or multi-layer antireflection film A2 and a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer A1 in parallel on the outer side of the transparent absorption layer A3; a single-layer or multi-layer antireflection film B8 and a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer B9 were disposed in parallel on the outer side of the transparent absorbing layer B7.
The number of graphene layers included in the graphene thin films constituting the transparent absorption layers a3 and B7 is a single layer, a double layer, or a triple layer, and the number of graphene layers included in the graphene thin films whose layers are separated by a transparent medium may be the same or different.
The light transmittance of the transparent reflective layer 5 is greater than 90%.
If the transparent reflecting layer 5 is composed of a metal mesh grid, the metal mesh grid is composed of two-dimensional plane structures in which mesh grid units are periodically arranged, the period of each mesh grid unit is in the range from submillimeter to millimeter, the width of each metal line is in the range from submicrometer to micrometer, and connecting metal for communicating the two metal lines is arranged between the adjacent mesh grid units through metal line overlapping or at the overlapping position.
If the transparent reflecting layer 5 is made of metal grids, the metal grids are made of alloy materials with good conductivity, and the thickness of the alloy is larger than 100 nm.
The transparent medium manufacturing materials of the transparent medium A4, the transparent medium B6, the separation transparent absorption layer A3 and the transparent absorption layer B7 graphene film comprise common glass, quartz glass, infrared materials and transparent resin materials.
According to the bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device based on the graphene/transparent conductive film, the transparent reflection layer 5 is a core device for realizing strong reflection electromagnetic shielding, and the transparent absorption layers A3 and B7 have the characteristics of low reflection and partial absorption of microwaves. Two sets of transparent absorbing layers A3 and B7 are positioned at two sides of the transparent reflecting layer 5, so that the electromagnetic shielding device with the structure can simultaneously shield radio frequency radiation at two sides of the absorbing device. Taking a radio-frequency radiation wave source positioned outside a transparent absorption layer A3 of the electromagnetic shielding device as an example, radio-frequency radiation energy irradiated to the electromagnetic shielding device enters a transparent absorption layer A3, the energy absorbed and attenuated by each graphene film in the transparent absorption layer A3 is highly reflected by a transparent reflection layer 5, and the reflected radio-frequency radiation passes through the transparent absorption layer A3 again and is absorbed and attenuated by each graphene film; a small amount of radio frequency radiation transmitted by the transparent reflecting layer 5 enters the transparent absorbing layer B7 on the other side of the transparent reflecting layer 5 and is absorbed and attenuated by each graphene film layer, and the radio frequency radiation undergoes multiple reflection and absorption at the reflecting parts of each graphene film layer and the transparent medium layer, so that most of the energy of the radio frequency radiation is finally absorbed. If the radio frequency radiation comes from the outside of the transparent absorbing layer B7, the shielding and absorption effect is similar to that from the outside of the transparent absorbing layer A3, so that the electromagnetic shielding device of the present invention can realize the electromagnetic shielding mainly based on the bidirectional absorption. And for the optical waveband needing to pass, the optical waveband only passes through the transparent absorbing layers A3 and B7 once and the transparent reflecting layer 5 once, the loss is less, and high light transmission can be realized.
Examples
The electromagnetic shielding device is formed by assembling a transparent absorption layer A3, a transparent medium A4, a transparent reflection layer 5, a transparent medium B6 and a transparent absorption layer B7 which are sequentially overlapped and arranged in parallel; the transparent absorbing layer A3 is composed of a single-layer graphene film A10, a transparent medium C11 and a single-layer graphene film B12 which are sequentially arranged in parallel, the transparent reflecting layer is composed of a micro-ring metal grid 14, and the transparent absorbing layer B7 is composed of a single-layer graphene film C13.
The invention has the technical effects that: when the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the metal mesh grid is 19.0dB, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the invention is 23.7dB, if radio frequency radiation comes from the outer side of the transparent absorbing layer A3 of the electromagnetic shielding device, the absorption loss accounts for 58.6 percent of the total shielding energy; if the radio frequency radiation comes from the outer side of the transparent absorbing layer B7 of the electromagnetic shielding device, the absorption loss accounts for 41.0 percent of the total shielding energy; strong electromagnetic shielding is realized aiming at radio frequency radiation on two sides of the electromagnetic shielding device with the structure, and the more the number of layers of the graphene film is, the larger the proportion of absorption loss is; and the light transmittance is 88.1 percent, and the light-transmitting material still has high light-transmitting property.
The invention also corresponds to other embodiments, the metal grid in the figure 5 is changed into a transparent conductive metal compound film or a nano silver wire film, and the original arrangement mode of each layer is kept unchanged, and finally, a similar effect can be obtained; increasing or decreasing the number of layers of the transparent absorbing layer in fig. 5, which are separated by the transparent medium, will result in an increase in absorption loss or an increase in light transmittance, which can be adjusted accordingly according to actual needs.
Claims (6)
1. Two-way transparent electromagnetic shield device that ripples that absorbs of graphite alkene and transparent conductive film, its characterized in that: the electromagnetic shielding device is formed by assembling a transparent absorption layer A (3), a transparent medium A (4), a transparent reflection layer (5), a transparent medium B (6) and a transparent absorption layer B (7) which are sequentially overlapped and arranged in parallel; the transparent absorption layers A (3) and B (7) are respectively composed of 1-6 graphene films separated by transparent media, and the transparent reflection layer (5) is composed of a transparent conductive film and comprises a transparent metal compound film, a nano silver wire film or a metal mesh grid; the number of graphene layers contained in the graphene thin films forming the transparent absorption layers A (3) and B (7) is single-layer, double-layer or three-layer, and the number of graphene layers contained in the graphene thin films separated by the transparent medium in each layer is the same or different; the radio-frequency radiation energy irradiated on the electromagnetic shielding device enters the transparent absorption layer A (3), the energy absorbed and attenuated by the graphene films in the transparent absorption layer A (3) is highly reflected by the transparent reflection layer (5), and the reflected radio-frequency radiation passes through the transparent absorption layer A (3) again and is absorbed and attenuated by the graphene films in the transparent absorption layer A again; a small amount of radio frequency radiation transmitted by the transparent reflecting layer (5) enters the transparent absorbing layer B (7) positioned at the other side of the transparent reflecting layer (5) and is absorbed and attenuated by each graphene film layer, and the reflecting parts of each graphene film layer and the transparent medium layer undergo multiple reflection and absorption, so that most energy of the radio frequency radiation is absorbed finally; likewise, if the radio-frequency radiation comes from outside the transparent absorbing layer B (7), shielding and absorption also occur; therefore, the electromagnetic shielding device can realize the electromagnetic shielding mainly based on bidirectional absorption; and for the optical waveband needing to pass, the optical waveband only passes through the transparent absorption layers A (3) and B (7) once and passes through the transparent reflection layer (5) once, so that the loss is less, and high light transmission can be realized.
2. The graphene and transparent conductive film bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: arranging a single-layer or multi-layer antireflection film A (2) and a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer A (1) in parallel on the outer side part of the transparent absorption layer A (3) in sequence; a single-layer or multi-layer antireflection film B (8) and a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer B (9) are arranged in parallel on the outer side of the transparent absorption layer B (7) in sequence.
3. The graphene and transparent conductive film bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light transmittance of the transparent reflecting layer (5) is more than 90%.
4. The graphene and transparent conductive film bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: if the transparent reflecting layer (5) is composed of a metal mesh grid, the metal mesh grid is composed of two-dimensional plane structures in which mesh grid units are periodically arranged, the period of each mesh grid unit is in the range from submillimeter to millimeter, the width of each metal line is in the range from submicrometer to micrometer, and connecting metal for communicating the two metal lines is arranged between the adjacent mesh grid units through metal line overlapping or at the overlapping position.
5. The graphene and transparent conductive film bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: if the transparent reflecting layer (5) is composed of metal grids, the metal grids are made of alloy materials with good electric conductivity, and the thickness of the alloy is larger than 100 nm.
6. The graphene and transparent conductive film bidirectional wave-absorbing transparent electromagnetic shielding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transparent media A (4) and B (6) and the transparent media for separating the graphene films in the transparent absorption layers A (3) and B (7) are made of common glass, quartz glass, infrared materials and transparent resin materials.
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| CN113079683B (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2023-02-17 | 宁波材料所杭州湾研究院 | High-light-transmission electromagnetic shielding film and preparation method thereof |
| CN111625149B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2024-04-16 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Conductive shielding module, manufacturing method thereof and display device |
| CN111628297A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-04 | 航天科工武汉磁电有限责任公司 | Broadband transparent wave-absorbing material based on double-layer conductive film |
| CN112265292B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-01-25 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Forming method of graphene wave-absorbing composite material skin |
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