CN106413363B - Double-layer grid strong electromagnetic shielding optical window with graphene interlayer and double outer absorption layers - Google Patents
Double-layer grid strong electromagnetic shielding optical window with graphene interlayer and double outer absorption layers Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A double-layer metal mesh grid strong electromagnetic shielding optical window with a graphene interlayer and double outer absorption layers belongs to the technical field of optical transparent part electromagnetic shielding, and the core devices of the electromagnetic shielding optical window are a first transparent absorption layer, a second transparent absorption layer, a third transparent absorption layer and a transparent reflection layer, wherein the first transparent absorption layer and the third transparent absorption layer are respectively composed of 1-6 graphene films separated by transparent media, the second transparent absorption layer is composed of 1-3 graphene films separated by transparent media, the metal mesh grids A and B form the transparent reflection layer, the first transparent absorption layer and the third transparent absorption layer are respectively arranged at two sides of the transparent reflection layer, and the second transparent absorption layer is arranged between the metal mesh grids A and B; the invention solves the problem that the existing transparent electromagnetic shielding method can not give consideration to both bidirectional strong electromagnetic shielding, low electromagnetic reflection and high light transmission, and has the characteristics of bidirectional strong electromagnetic shielding, low electromagnetic reflection and high light transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic shielding of optical transparent parts, and particularly relates to a double-layer metal mesh strong electromagnetic shielding optical window with a graphene interlayer and double outer absorption layers.
Background
With the development of broadcasting, television, wireless communication technology and microwave technology, radio frequency equipment is equipped in a large number in various places where people move, the frequency spectrum range is continuously widened, and the intensity is multiplied, so that the radio frequency equipment not only causes interference to electronic equipment, but also threatens human health. The invisible electromagnetic pollution directly acts on machines or human bodies, is an invisible killer with serious harm, and becomes the fifth largest pollution following atmospheric pollution, water pollution, solid waste pollution and noise pollution. Electromagnetic shielding (including absorption and reflection) is a major measure for preventing and treating electromagnetic pollution, and in recent years, electromagnetic shielding technology has received much attention. The electromagnetic shielding, namely transparent electromagnetic shielding, which is required in visual observation occasions is always a difficult point and a hot point, and the application of the electromagnetic shielding, namely transparent electromagnetic shielding, comprises a medical electromagnetic isolation room observation window, a communication equipment transparent electromagnetic shielding element, an aerospace equipment optical window, an advanced optical instrument optical window, a confidential facility electromagnetic leakage prevention optical window, a liquid crystal display screen, a mobile phone touch screen, a vehicle-mounted transparent antenna and the like.
At present, the difficulty of realizing transparent electromagnetic shielding mainly lies in that most of traditional wave-absorbing materials are opaque or have poor transparency, and the transparency and the conductive shielding capability of the reflection transparent shielding technology based on transparent conductive materials or devices are mutually restricted, so that high transparency and strong electromagnetic shielding are difficult to realize simultaneously. In addition, the conductive reflective transparent shielding technology reflects electromagnetic radiation back to the space, which causes secondary pollution to the space environment and is not beneficial to the thorough prevention and treatment of electromagnetic pollution.
The transparent metal oxide film mainly made of indium tin oxide is widely applied to the visible light transparent occasions, but the light transmission waveband of the transparent metal oxide film is narrow, and the shielding capacity is not strong although the microwave shielding waveband is wide. The nano silver conductive network film can realize about 90% of light transmittance, but the nano silver wires have inevitable contact resistance, and particularly, the nano silver wires are very thin and sparse to enable the surface resistance of the nano silver wires to be higher when the nano silver wires are highly transparent, so that the shielding efficiency is reduced. The band-pass type frequency selective surface adopts a periodic resonance unit structure, can highly reflect interference microwaves outside an operating frequency band, but has poor light transmission and is difficult to realize a wide light transmission band. Therefore, the technical schemes can not meet the requirements of the electromagnetic shielding optical window on high light transmission and strong microwave shielding capability.
In contrast, the metal mesh grid with the period from millimeter to submillimeter is much shorter than the interference electromagnetic wavelength and much longer than the optical wavelength, so that the low-frequency broadband electromagnetic shielding can be realized, and meanwhile, the higher light transmittance of the visible light and the infrared band can be ensured. Therefore, the metal mesh grid with millimeter and sub-millimeter period is widely applied in the technical field of optical window electromagnetic shielding due to good transparent conductive performance:
1. patent 200810063988.0 entitled "an electromagnetic shielding optical window with double-layer square metal grid structure" describes an electromagnetic shielding optical window formed by placing square metal grids or metal wire nets with the same structural parameters in parallel on two sides of an optical window or a transparent substrate, which greatly improves the electromagnetic shielding efficiency.
2. Patent 200810063987.6 entitled "electromagnetic shielding optical window with double-layer circular ring metal grid structure" describes an electromagnetic shielding optical window formed by two layers of circular ring metal grids loaded on two sides of the optical window, which solves the problem that high light transmittance and strong electromagnetic shielding efficiency cannot be simultaneously considered.
3. Patent 201410051497.X "multi-period master-slave nested circular ring array electromagnetic shielding optical window with concentric circular rings" describes a metal mesh grid structure nested with the concentric circular rings and used for realizing the electromagnetic shielding function of the optical window, wherein the metal mesh grid structure enables stray light caused by high-level diffraction to be homogenized to a certain extent, and the influence of the mesh grid on the imaging quality of the optical window is reduced.
4. Patent 201410051496.5 entitled "electromagnetic shielding optical window with double-layer staggered multicycle metal ring nested array" describes an electromagnetic shielding optical window formed by two layers of staggered metal grids, which significantly reduces the nonuniformity of the grid diffraction light intensity distribution and the influence on imaging.
Patent 200810063988.0 and patent 200810063987.6 all adopt double-deck metal net bars parallel to place in the both sides of light window transparent substrate or substrate and constitute, and two-deck metal net bars have the same unit appearance and structural parameter, through the interval of optimizing two-layer net bars, have improved electromagnetic shielding efficiency. Patent 201410051497.X proposes a mesh grid structure with a master-slave nested circular ring array of multi-period concentric circular rings, realizes the depth homogenization of high-order diffraction, and reduces the influence on the imaging quality to a minimum. Patent 201410051496.5 makes stray light distribution more even through the selection of double-layer grid stagger angle, and has less influence on imaging quality. In the above patents, the metal mesh grid (or the metal wire mesh) is used as a core device for microwave shielding, so that a better electromagnetic shielding effect and light transmittance can be realized, but when the metal is used as a reflective electromagnetic shielding material, a reflected radio frequency signal can cause secondary pollution to the space environment, and the prevention and treatment of electromagnetic pollution is not facilitated thoroughly.
Carbon materials play a very important role in many areas of modern technology, among the many allotropes of carbon, graphene is a very typical material, graphene being formed from carbon atoms in sp2The hexagonal honeycomb lattice planar thin film formed by the hybrid tracks is a two-dimensional material with the thickness of only one carbon atom, has multiple excellent properties, one of the outstanding properties is excellent transparent conductivity, and the graphene with the two-dimensional structure has high application value in the field of transparent electromagnetic shielding due to the excellent conductivity and certain microwave absorption performance:
5. U.S. Pat. No. 20130068521, "graphene prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)" is loaded on a metal plate or a polymer substrate to realize Electromagnetic shielding, and compared with a metal plate or a polymer substrate which is not loaded with graphene, the Electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the whole structure is improved after the graphene is loaded.
6. Patent 201310232829.X "graphene-based structure and method for shielding electromagnetic radiation" describes an electromagnetic shielding structure for shielding electromagnetic radiation having a frequency greater than 1 mhz, the structure being composed of one or more layers of graphene, at least one layer of graphene being doped with a dopant.
7. Patent 201420099425.8 "a transparent electromagnetic shielding film based on graphene film" describes a transparent electromagnetic shielding film with nano-silver wires arranged between a transparent substrate and a graphene film, wherein the nano-silver wires act as a charge bridge to increase the conductivity of the whole electromagnetic shielding film and improve the shielding efficiency.
8. James M.Tour et al, Rice University (Rice University), USA, prepares a metal mesh with a line width of 5 μm by photolithography, and transfers single-layer Graphene on the surface thereof to prepare a Graphene-metal mesh mixed conductive film (James M.Tour et al, "random Design of Hybrid Graphene Films for High-Performance transmission Electrodes". ACS Nano, 2011, 5 (8): 6472-6479), which can realize a light transmittance of 90% and a sheet resistance of 20 Ω/sq.
9. Seul Ki Hong et al, Korea scientific and technical institute (KAIST), reported that the shielding efficiency of single-layer graphene was 2.27dB (Hong S K et al, "Electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency of monolayer graphene". Nanotechnology,2012,23 (45): 455704), with absorption and reflection losses of-4.38 dB and-13.66 dB, respectively.
10. Kim S of the University of Korea (Sungkyunkwan University) and Myeong-Gi, et al of the Korea three-star Motor company (Samsung Electro-Mechanics) use a polyetherimide/redox method to prepare a Graphene (PEI/RGO) laminate Structure to achieve Electromagnetic Shielding (Kim S, et al, "Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Transmission Shield of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) isolated structural by Electromagnetic Shielding, 201447 17653), the efficiencies of the double-layer PEI/RGO and single-layer PEI/RGO laminates are 6.37dB and 3.09dB, respectively, and the absorption loss accounts for 96% and 92% of the total efficiency, respectively.
According to the scheme, the graphene is used for electromagnetic shielding, and a certain electromagnetic shielding effect can be achieved. US20130068521 adopts graphene as a core device of an electromagnetic shielding device, and transfers a whole large-area graphene onto a metal or polymer substrate by a roll-to-roll graphene transfer method, so as to achieve an excellent electromagnetic shielding effect, but the electromagnetic shielding device does not have transparency. Patent 201310232829.X "graphene-based structure and method for shielding electromagnetic radiation" takes a graphene thin film as a main body of an electromagnetic shielding structure, and at least one layer of the graphene thin film is doped to improve the electromagnetic shielding efficiency, but the doping affects the light transmittance of the whole structure. Patent 201420099425.8, "a transparent electromagnetic shielding film based on graphene thin film", utilizes nano-silver wires to increase the conductivity of the graphene thin film and increase the reflection loss to achieve the improvement of the electromagnetic shielding efficiency, but the main contribution of the electromagnetic shielding is caused by reflection. In the document 8, the graphene film is loaded on the metal mesh to form a structure in which the graphene and the metal mesh are tightly attached to each other, so that the conductivity of the metal mesh is improved, the light transmittance reaches 91%, and the electromagnetic shielding of the structure is mainly reflected. The research results in the above-mentioned document 9 indicate that although the shielding efficiency of graphene increases greatly as the number of layers increases, the absorption loss increases little, and the light transmittance is lost by 2.3% per one layer of graphene, making it difficult to achieve high light transmittance, low reflection, and strong electromagnetic shielding at the same time with this structure. In the above document 10, the graphene thin film (RGO) and Polyetherimide (PEI) laminated structure prepared by the redox method realizes electromagnetic shielding, and the shielding mainly involves absorption loss, but the shielding efficiency of the double-layer PEI/RGO structure is only 6.37dB, and the light transmittance is only 62%, and it is difficult to realize both strong electromagnetic shielding and high light transmittance.
In a word, in the prior electromagnetic shielding technology, a method mainly based on reflection-type electromagnetic shielding is easy to cause secondary electromagnetic pollution; in the electromagnetic shielding method with absorption loss, either the light transmittance is not high or the electromagnetic shielding efficiency is not strong, so that it is difficult to realize high transparency and strong electromagnetic shielding at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing transparent electromagnetic shielding technology, in particular to the problems that the transparency and the conductive shielding capability of the existing reflective transparent shielding technology are mutually restricted, the high light transmittance and the strong microwave shielding efficiency are difficult to be considered, and electromagnetic leakage and secondary pollution are caused by reflected electromagnetic signals.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the electromagnetic shielding optical window is formed by assembling a first transparent absorption layer, a transparent medium A, a metal grid A, a transparent medium B, a second transparent absorption layer, a transparent medium C, a metal grid B, a transparent medium D and a third transparent absorption layer which are sequentially overlapped and arranged in parallel; the first transparent absorption layer and the third transparent absorption layer are respectively composed of 1-6 graphene films separated by transparent media, the second transparent absorption layer is composed of 1-3 graphene films separated by transparent media, and the metal mesh grid A and the metal mesh grid B which are arranged in parallel form a transparent reflection layer.
The good effect produced by the invention is mainly focused on realizing the performance of simultaneously having bidirectional strong electromagnetic shielding, low electromagnetic reflection and high light transmittance, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the microwave absorption characteristic of graphene and the strong microwave reflection characteristic of a double-layer metal mesh grid are organically combined, the double-layer metal mesh grid is used as a basic structure of a transparent reflection layer, compared with a single-layer metal mesh grid, the microwave shielding efficiency and the reflectivity are remarkably improved on the premise that the light transmittance performance is kept unchanged, and strong electromagnetic shielding and reflection of radio frequency radiation can be better realized; 1-3 graphene film laminated structures separated by transparent media are used as second transparent absorption layers, the second transparent absorption layers are placed between the double-layer metal grids A, B in parallel, the metal grids A passing through the first layer can be absorbed for multiple times, and microwave signals oscillating between the double-layer metal grids are generated due to the strong reflection effect of the metal grids A, B, so that the electromagnetic shielding efficiency is greatly improved, and the ultra-strong electromagnetic shielding is realized; 1-6 layers of graphene film structures separated by transparent media are used as a first transparent absorption layer and a third transparent absorption layer, so that radio frequency radiation can be partially absorbed and pass through in a low-reflection mode; the first transparent absorption layer and the third transparent absorption layer are respectively arranged at two sides of the transparent reflection layer, so that the microwave which penetrates through the transparent absorption layer is strongly reflected back to the transparent absorption layer, and good electromagnetic shielding is realized through reflection and multiple absorption; two groups of transparent absorption layers are respectively arranged on two sides of the transparent reflection layer to form an electromagnetic shielding optical window, and simultaneously absorb radio frequency radiation on the inner side and the outer side of the optical window, so that the radio frequency radiation from the two sides of the optical window is reflected and absorbed for multiple times, and finally, bidirectional low-reflection strong electromagnetic shielding is realized.
According to the multilayer structure, on one hand, due to the existence of the first transparent absorption layer and the third transparent absorption layer, the problem that secondary electromagnetic pollution is easily caused by shielding mainly based on reflection when only a metal mesh is available is solved; on the other hand, due to the existence of the transparent reflecting layer, and the metal mesh A, B of the transparent reflecting layer is arranged between the first transparent absorbing layer and the third transparent absorbing layer, microwaves to be shielded from two sides of the optical window can be reflected and absorbed for multiple times, so that the problem of low shielding efficiency when only the graphene film absorbing layer exists is solved, the bidirectional shielding effect is achieved, and the bidirectional shielding effect is mainly absorption; in addition, the second transparent absorption layer is arranged between the metal grids A, B of the transparent reflection layer in parallel, so that radio frequency radiation reflected between the double-layer metal grids can be absorbed for multiple times, and the electromagnetic shielding efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, for light waves, the light waves only penetrate through the transparent absorption layer and the transparent reflection layer once, so that the loss is less, and the high light transmission characteristic can be realized; and when the double-layer metal mesh grid adopts a mesh grid structure with uniform distribution of diffracted stray light, the influence of the whole laminated structure on the imaging quality is very low.
In conclusion, the invention can realize the most outstanding effects of simultaneously having bidirectional strong electromagnetic shielding, low electromagnetic reflection and high light transmittance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a two-layer metal mesh strong electromagnetic shielding light window with a graphene interlayer and a double outer absorber layer.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid unit arrangement of a grid metal grid.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an arrangement mode of grid units of a circular ring metal grid.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid unit arrangement of a multi-period micro-ring metal grid.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a two-layer metal mesh-grid electromagnetic shielding window with a graphene interlayer and a double outer absorber layer according to an embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-layer metal mesh electromagnetic shielding optical window with a graphene interlayer and a double outer absorption layer.
Description of part numbers in the figures: 1. protective layer A2, antireflection film A3, first transparent absorbing layer 4, transparent medium A5, metal grid A6, transparent medium B7, second transparent absorbing layer 8, transparent medium C9, metal grid B10, transparent medium D11, third transparent absorbing layer 12, antireflection film B13, protective layer B14, graphene film A15, transparent medium E16, graphene film B17, graphene film C18 and graphene film D
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the electromagnetic shielding optical window is formed by assembling a first transparent absorption layer 3, a transparent medium A4, a metal mesh A5, a transparent medium B6, a second transparent absorption layer 7, a transparent medium C8, a metal mesh B9, a transparent medium D10 and a third transparent absorption layer 11 which are sequentially overlapped and arranged in parallel; the first transparent absorption layer 3 and the third transparent absorption layer 11 are respectively composed of 1-6 layers of graphene films separated by transparent media, the second transparent absorption layer 7 is composed of 1-3 layers of graphene films separated by transparent media, and the metal grids A5 and B9 which are arranged in parallel form a transparent reflection layer.
A single-layer or multi-layer antireflection film a2 and a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer a1 were disposed in parallel on the outer side of the first transparent absorbing layer 3; a single-layer or multi-layer antireflection film B12 and a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer B13 were disposed in parallel on the outer side of the third transparent absorbing layer 11.
The metal mesh A5 and the metal mesh B9 are both formed by two-dimensional plane structures in which mesh units are periodically arranged, the period of each mesh unit is in the range of submillimeter to millimeter, the width of each metal line is in the range of submicrometer to micrometer, and connecting metal for communicating the two metal lines is arranged between the adjacent mesh units through metal line overlapping or at the overlapping position.
The spacing between the metal mesh A5 and the metal mesh B9 is in millimeter order, and the spacing is less than 0.25 times of the minimum shielding wavelength.
The number of graphene layers contained in the graphene thin films constituting the first transparent absorption layer 3, the second transparent absorption layer 7 and the third transparent absorption layer 11 is single-layer, double-layer or three-layer, and the number of graphene layers contained in the graphene thin films, which are separated by the transparent medium, of each of the first transparent absorption layer 3, the second transparent absorption layer 7 and the third transparent absorption layer 11 may be the same or different.
The metal grid A5 and the metal grid B9 are both made of alloy materials with good conductivity, and the thickness of the alloy is more than 100 nm.
The light transmittance of the transparent reflecting layer consisting of the metal mesh A5 and the metal mesh B9 is more than 90 percent.
The transparent medium A4, the transparent medium B6, the transparent medium C8, the transparent medium D10 and the transparent medium manufacturing materials for separating the first transparent absorption layer 3, the second transparent absorption layer 7 and the third transparent absorption layer 11 from the graphene film comprise common glass, quartz glass, infrared materials and transparent resin materials.
According to the double-layer metal mesh strong electromagnetic shielding optical window with the graphene interlayer and the double outer absorption layers, the transparent reflection layer is a core device for realizing strong reflection electromagnetic shielding, and the first transparent absorption layer 3, the second transparent absorption layer 7 and the third transparent absorption layer 11 have the characteristics of low reflection and partial absorption of microwaves. Due to the existence of the second transparent absorption layer 7 between the metal grid A5 and the metal grid B7 in the transparent reflection layer, radio frequency radiation reflected for many times between double-layer metal grids is partially absorbed, and the microwave shielding capability is greatly improved. The first transparent absorption layer 3 and the third transparent absorption layer 11 are located on two sides of the transparent reflection layer, so that the electromagnetic shielding optical window of the structure can shield and absorb radio frequency radiation on two sides of the optical window at the same time. Taking a radio-frequency radiation wave source positioned outside a first transparent absorption layer 3 of an electromagnetic shielding optical window as an example, radio-frequency radiation energy irradiated to the optical window enters the first transparent absorption layer 3, the energy after being absorbed and attenuated by each graphene film in the first transparent absorption layer 3 is highly reflected by a transparent reflection layer, and the reflected radio-frequency radiation passes through the first transparent absorption layer 3 again and is absorbed and attenuated by each graphene film; a small amount of radio frequency radiation transmitted by the transparent reflecting layer enters the third transparent absorbing layer 11 positioned on the other side of the transparent reflecting layer, is absorbed and attenuated by each graphene film layer, and undergoes multiple reflection and absorption at the reflecting parts of each graphene film layer and the transparent medium layer, so that most energy of the radio frequency radiation is absorbed finally. If the radio frequency radiation comes from the outside of the third transparent absorbing layer 11, the shielding and absorption effect is similar to that from the outside of the first transparent absorbing layer 3, so that the electromagnetic shielding optical window of the present invention can realize electromagnetic shielding mainly based on bidirectional absorption. And for the optical wave band needing to pass through, the optical wave band only passes through the first transparent absorption layer 3, the second transparent absorption layer 7, the third transparent absorption layer 11 and the transparent reflection layer once, the loss generated is less, and high light transmission can be realized. According to the double-layer metal mesh strong electromagnetic shielding optical window with the graphene interlayer and the double outer absorption layers, the distance between the A5 and the B9 of the double-layer metal mesh is in the millimeter order, and compared with a single-layer metal mesh structure, the microwave shielding effect of the electromagnetic shielding optical window can be remarkably improved under the condition that the light transmittance is not changed.
Examples
The electromagnetic shielding optical window is formed by assembling a first transparent absorption layer 3, a transparent medium A4, a metal mesh grid A5, a transparent medium B6, a second transparent absorption layer 7, a transparent medium C8, a metal mesh grid B9, a transparent medium D10 and a third transparent absorption layer 11 which are sequentially overlapped and arranged in parallel; the first transparent absorption layer 3 is composed of a single-layer graphene film A14, a transparent medium E15 and a single-layer graphene film B16 which are sequentially arranged in parallel, the second transparent absorption layer is composed of a single-layer graphene film C17, the third transparent absorption layer is composed of a single-layer graphene film D18, and the metal mesh grid A5 and the metal mesh grid B9 which are arranged in parallel form a transparent reflection layer.
The invention has the technical effects that: when the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the double-layer metal mesh grid is 29.8dB, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the double-layer metal mesh grid is 35.2dB, and if radio frequency radiation comes from the outer side of the first transparent absorption layer 3 of the optical window, the absorption loss accounts for 61.0 percent of the total shielding energy; if the radio frequency radiation comes from the outside of the third transparent absorbing layer 11 of the optical window, the absorption loss accounts for 38.6% of the total shielding energy; strong electromagnetic shielding is realized for radio frequency radiation on two sides of the light window of the structure, and the more the number of layers of the graphene film is, the larger the proportion of absorption loss is; and the light transmittance is 85.8%, and the light-transmitting material still has high light-transmitting property. Compared with the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 33.9dB and the light transmittance of 88.1% of the graphene/double-layer metal mesh grid transparent electromagnetic shielding device with the bidirectional wave-absorbing effect, the double-layer metal mesh grid electromagnetic shielding optical window with the graphene interlayer has the advantages that the microwave shielding performance is remarkably improved under the condition of slightly sacrificing the light transmittance, and the ultra-strong microwave shielding efficiency can be realized.
The invention also corresponds to other embodiments, changes the shape and the structural parameters of the basic unit of the double-layer metal mesh grid in the figure 5 and the arrangement mode of the basic unit, keeps the original arrangement mode of each layer unchanged, and finally can obtain similar effect; increasing or decreasing the number of layers of the graphene thin film separated by the transparent medium of the transparent absorption layer in fig. 5 will result in an increase in absorption loss or an increase in light transmittance; can be adjusted correspondingly according to actual needs.
Claims (7)
1. Double-deck net bars forceful electric power electromagnetic shield light window with graphite alkene intermediate layer and two outer absorbing layers, its characterized in that: the electromagnetic shielding optical window is formed by assembling a first transparent absorption layer (3), a transparent medium A (4), a metal mesh grid A (5), a transparent medium B (6), a second transparent absorption layer (7), a transparent medium C (8), a metal mesh grid B (9), a transparent medium D (10) and a third transparent absorption layer (11) which are sequentially overlapped and arranged in parallel; the first transparent absorption layer (3) and the third transparent absorption layer (11) are respectively composed of 1-6 layers of graphene films separated by transparent media, the second transparent absorption layer (7) is composed of 1-3 layers of graphene films separated by transparent media, and the metal mesh grid A (5) and the metal mesh grid B (9) which are arranged in parallel form a transparent reflection layer; the number of graphene layers contained in the graphene thin films forming the first, second and third transparent absorption layers (3, 7 and 11) is single-layer, double-layer or three-layer, and the number of graphene layers contained in the graphene thin films forming the first, second and third transparent absorption layers (3, 7 and 11) separated by the transparent medium is the same or different; the radio-frequency radiation energy irradiated to the optical window enters the first transparent absorption layer (3), the energy absorbed and attenuated by the graphene films in the first transparent absorption layer (3) is highly reflected by the transparent reflection layer, and the reflected radio-frequency radiation passes through the first transparent absorption layer (3) again and is absorbed and attenuated by the graphene films in the first transparent absorption layer; the existence of the second transparent absorption layer (7) between the metal mesh grid A (5) and the metal mesh grid B (7) enables radio frequency radiation which is reflected for many times between the double-layer metal mesh grids to be partially absorbed; a small amount of radio frequency radiation transmitted by the transparent reflecting layer enters a third transparent absorbing layer (11) positioned on the other side of the transparent reflecting layer, is absorbed and attenuated by each graphene film layer, and undergoes multiple reflection and absorption at the reflecting parts of each graphene film layer and the transparent medium layer, so that most energy of the radio frequency radiation is absorbed finally; likewise shielding and absorption occurs if the radio frequency radiation comes from outside the third transparent absorbing layer (11); therefore, the electromagnetic shielding optical window can realize the electromagnetic shielding mainly based on the bidirectional absorption; and for the optical waveband needing to pass through, the optical waveband only passes through the first transparent absorption layer (3), the second transparent absorption layer (7), the third transparent absorption layer (11) and the transparent reflection layer once, the loss generated is less, and high light transmission can be realized.
2. The two-layer grid strong electromagnetic shielding window with a graphene interlayer and two outer absorption layers according to claim 1, wherein: arranging a single-layer or multi-layer antireflection film A (2) and a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer A (1) in parallel on the outer side part of the first transparent absorption layer (3); a single-layer or multi-layer antireflection film B (12) and a single-layer or multi-layer protective layer B (13) are sequentially arranged in parallel on the outer side of the third transparent absorption layer (11).
3. The two-layer grid strong electromagnetic shielding window with a graphene interlayer and two outer absorption layers according to claim 1, wherein: the metal grids A (5) and B (9) are both formed by two-dimensional plane structures in which grid units are periodically arranged, the period of each grid unit is in the range of submillimeter to millimeter, the width of each metal line is in the range of submicrometer to micrometer, and connecting metal for communicating the two metal lines is arranged between the adjacent grid units through metal line overlapping or at the overlapping position.
4. The two-layer grid strong electromagnetic shielding window with a graphene interlayer and two outer absorption layers according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the metal mesh grid A (5) and the metal mesh grid B (9) is millimeter magnitude, and the distance is less than 0.25 time of the minimum shielding wavelength.
5. The two-layer grid strong electromagnetic shielding window with a graphene interlayer and two outer absorption layers according to claim 1, wherein: the metal grids A (5) and B (9) are both made of alloy materials with good conductivity, and the thickness of the alloy is more than 100 nm.
6. The two-layer grid strong electromagnetic shielding window with a graphene interlayer and two outer absorption layers according to claim 1, wherein: the light transmittance of the transparent reflecting layer consisting of the metal grids A (5) and B (9) is more than 90 percent.
7. The two-layer grid strong electromagnetic shielding window with a graphene interlayer and two outer absorption layers according to claim 1, wherein: the transparent media A (4), B (6), C (8) and D (10) and the transparent media for separating the graphene film are made of common glass, quartz glass, infrared materials and transparent resin materials.
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| JPH01293699A (en) * | 1988-05-23 | 1989-11-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Wave absorber |
| JP2001111291A (en) * | 1998-10-08 | 2001-04-20 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Transparent radio wave absorber |
| JP2000232296A (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2000-08-22 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Electromagnetic wave absorber |
| JP2006200226A (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-08-03 | Wood One:Kk | Woody interior-finishing material having radio absorptive performance |
| CN101222840A (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2008-07-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetic shielding optical window with double-layer pane metal gridding structure |
| JP2010283154A (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-16 | Seiji Kagawa | Visible-light transmissive electromagnetic wave absorbing film, and visible-light transmissive electromagnetic wave absorber using the same |
| JP2012099665A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-05-24 | Seiji Kagawa | Electromagnetic wave absorber |
| CN103596413A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2014-02-19 | 国际商业机器公司 | Graphene based structure and method for broadband electromagnetic radiation absorption at the microwave and terahertz frequencies |
| CN103763897A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-04-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-period driving and driven nested circular ring array electromagnetic shielding optical window with concentric circular rings |
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