CN106411267A - Novel broadband three-path Doherty power amplifier and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel broadband three-path Doherty power amplifier and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
本发明提供一种新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器及其实现方法，其中，三路等分功分器用于将输入功率进行等分后分别输出给载波功率放大电路、第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路，载波功率放大电路的输出端接86.6欧四分之一波长阻抗变换器T1，并与第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路的输出端相连接合路将功率输出给负载。相对于现有技术，本发明通过改进传统三路Doherty功率放大器的负载调制网络，减小了负载调制网络的阻抗变换比且缩小了Doherty功率放大器的尺寸，同时将峰值支路的补偿线加入到峰值输出匹配电路中，减小整体峰值输出匹配电路的品质因数，极大地拓宽了三路Doherty功率放大器的工作带宽。
The present invention provides a novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier and its implementation method, wherein the three-way equal power divider is used to divide the input power into equal parts and output them to the carrier power amplifying circuit, the first peak power amplifying circuit and the second peak power amplifying circuit respectively. Two peak power amplifying circuits, the output terminal of the carrier power amplifying circuit is connected to the 86.6 ohm quarter-wavelength impedance converter T1, and is connected with the output terminals of the first peak power amplifying circuit and the second peak power amplifying circuit to output the power give load. Compared with the prior art, the present invention reduces the impedance conversion ratio of the load modulation network and reduces the size of the Doherty power amplifier by improving the load modulation network of the traditional three-way Doherty power amplifier, and simultaneously adds the compensation line of the peak branch to the In the peak output matching circuit, reducing the quality factor of the overall peak output matching circuit greatly widens the operating bandwidth of the three-way Doherty power amplifier.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及射频通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器及其实现方法。The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency communication, in particular to a novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier and a realization method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
近半个世纪来，射频微波技术得到了突飞猛进的发展，广泛应用在WLAN、手机、电子对抗、卫星通讯等无线通信领域。射频功放单元是无线通信系统中的核心组件，为了实现信号远距离传输、保障信号可靠接收，在无线通信系统收发组件中必须使用功率放大器放大信号。可以说功率放大器的性能好坏将直接影响到整个系统的工作状况，是无线收发系统中射频前端的核心部件。In the past half a century, radio frequency microwave technology has been developed by leaps and bounds, and is widely used in wireless communication fields such as WLAN, mobile phones, electronic countermeasures, and satellite communications. The RF power amplifier unit is the core component of the wireless communication system. In order to realize long-distance signal transmission and ensure reliable signal reception, a power amplifier must be used in the transceiver components of the wireless communication system to amplify the signal. It can be said that the performance of the power amplifier will directly affect the working status of the entire system, and it is the core component of the RF front-end in the wireless transceiver system.
随着无线通信技术的迅速发展，射频微波技术在人们的日常生活中越来越重要。为了在有限的频谱带宽内传输尽可能大的数据量，通信商通常采用非常复杂的调制方式，而这会导致信号的峰均比(PAPR)变大，而使用传统的功率放大器如A类、AB类对非恒包络信号进行放大效率很低，尤其是在大功率回退的时候。兼顾高效率和高线性度的射频功率放大器成为学术界和工业界的研究热点之一。Doherty功率放大器因能高效放大器调制信号且成本较低而成为当今无线通信所采用功率放大器的主流形式。一个典型的两路Doherty功率放大器包括主辅两个功率放大器，主辅功放输入端由功分器将信号一分为二分别输入，输出端通过一个负载调制网络将信号合路输出，根据输入信号的大小动态调制主辅功率放大器的有效负载阻抗，从而使Doherty功放在输出功率大幅度回退的情况下仍然具有很高的效率。With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, radio frequency microwave technology is becoming more and more important in people's daily life. In order to transmit as much data as possible within a limited spectrum bandwidth, communication providers usually use very complex modulation methods, which will lead to a larger peak-to-average ratio (PAPR) of the signal, while using traditional power amplifiers such as class A, Class AB is very inefficient for amplifying non-constant envelope signals, especially at high power backoffs. The RF power amplifier with high efficiency and high linearity has become one of the research hotspots in academia and industry. Doherty power amplifiers have become the mainstream form of power amplifiers used in today's wireless communications because they can amplify modulated signals with high efficiency and low cost. A typical two-way Doherty power amplifier includes two main and auxiliary power amplifiers. The input of the main and auxiliary power amplifiers is divided into two by a power splitter and input separately, and the output is combined and output through a load modulation network. According to the input signal The magnitude of the dynamic modulation of the effective load impedance of the main and auxiliary power amplifiers, so that the Doherty power amplifier still has a high efficiency in the case of a large drop-off of output power.
但随着通信技术的快速发展，调制方式也越加地复杂，传统两路Doherty功率放大器功率回退6dB的范围已经不能满足当今无线通信系统的要求，因此，三路Doherty功放随之产生。三路Doherty技术可以在更高功率回退的情况下提高功放的效率，增大高效率功率回退的范围。However, with the rapid development of communication technology, the modulation method is becoming more and more complex. The traditional two-way Doherty power amplifier can no longer meet the requirements of today's wireless communication systems. Therefore, three-way Doherty power amplifiers have emerged. The three-way Doherty technology can improve the efficiency of the power amplifier in the case of higher power back-off, and increase the range of high-efficiency power back-off.
然而，现有技术中的三路Doherty功率放大器也存在传统Doherty功放的通病—带宽较窄的问题。现有技术中三路Doherty功率放大器的负载调制网络依然采用现有技术通用50欧姆的四分之一波长阻抗变换器，这导致其阻抗变换比较大，因此，极大地限制了带宽。同时，现有技术Doherty功率放大器的尺寸较大，在一定程度上限制了其应用范围。However, the three-way Doherty power amplifier in the prior art also has the common problem of the traditional Doherty power amplifier—the problem of narrow bandwidth. The load modulation network of the three-way Doherty power amplifier in the prior art still adopts the common 50 ohm quarter-wavelength impedance converter in the prior art, which leads to relatively large impedance conversion, thus greatly limiting the bandwidth. At the same time, the size of the Doherty power amplifier in the prior art is relatively large, which limits its application range to a certain extent.
面对频谱资源的日益短缺，能同时覆盖多个工作频段并兼容多种协议制式的无线宽带通信系统已经成为无线技术的发展重点。因此，急需研制出新型的宽带Doherty功率放大器以满足当前及未来无线通信系统高传输数率的要求。宽带Doherty功放也理所当然的成为了学术界和工业界研究的热点。Faced with the increasing shortage of spectrum resources, wireless broadband communication systems that can simultaneously cover multiple operating frequency bands and are compatible with multiple protocol standards have become the focus of wireless technology development. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of broadband Doherty power amplifier to meet the high transmission data rate requirements of current and future wireless communication systems. Broadband Doherty PA has naturally become a research hotspot in academia and industry.
故，针对目前现有技术中存在的上述缺陷，实有必要进行研究，以提供一种方案，解决现有技术中存在的缺陷。Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned defects existing in the current prior art, it is necessary to conduct research to provide a solution to solve the defects existing in the prior art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器及其实现方法，通过改进传统三路Doherty功率放大器的负载调制网络，减小负载调制网络的阻抗变换比，同时将峰值支路的补偿线加入到峰值输出匹配电路中，减小整体峰值输出匹配电路的品质因数，极大地拓宽三路Doherty功率放大器的工作带宽。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a novel wideband three-way Doherty power amplifier and its implementation method, by improving the load modulation network of the traditional three-way Doherty power amplifier, reducing the impedance transformation ratio of the load modulation network, while the peak value The compensation line of the branch is added to the peak output matching circuit to reduce the quality factor of the overall peak output matching circuit and greatly expand the working bandwidth of the three-way Doherty power amplifier.
为了克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明采用以下技术方案：In order to overcome the defective of prior art, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器，包括三路等分功分器、载波功率放大电路、第一峰值功率放大电路、第二峰值功率放大电路和新型负载调制网络，其中，所述三路等分功分器用于将输入功率进行三等分后分别输出给所述载波功率放大电路、第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路，所述载波功率放大电路、第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路的输出功率经过所述新型负载调制网络后输出给负载；A novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier, including three-way equal power divider, carrier power amplifying circuit, first peak power amplifying circuit, second peak power amplifying circuit and novel load modulation network, wherein the three-way etc. The power divider is used to divide the input power into thirds and output it to the carrier power amplifier circuit, the first peak power amplifier circuit and the second peak power amplifier circuit respectively, and the carrier power amplifier circuit and the first peak power amplifier circuit and the output power of the second peak power amplifying circuit is output to the load after passing through the novel load modulation network;
所述负载的阻抗为50欧姆；所述新型负载调制网络采用86.6欧四分之一波长的阻抗变换器T1；所述载波功率放大电路的输出端与所述阻抗变换器T1的一端相连接，所述阻抗变换器T1的另一端与所述第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路的输出端相连接，并共同与所述负载的一端相连接，所述负载的另一端接地；The impedance of the load is 50 ohms; the novel load modulation network adopts an impedance converter T1 of 86.6 ohms a quarter wavelength; the output end of the carrier power amplifier circuit is connected to one end of the impedance converter T1, The other end of the impedance converter T1 is connected to the output ends of the first peak power amplifying circuit and the second peak power amplifying circuit, and is jointly connected to one end of the load, and the other end of the load is grounded;
所述载波功率放大电路包括依次串接的载波输入匹配电路、载波功率放大器和载波输出匹配电路，调试所述载波输出匹配电路使所述载波功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧且在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为50欧；所述第一峰值功率放大电路包括依次串接第一峰值输入匹配电路、第一峰值功率放大器和第一峰值输出匹配电路，调试所述第一峰值输出匹配电路使所述第一峰值功率放大电路在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧，同时在所述第一峰值输出匹配电路中一体化设置第一补偿线C1使所述第一峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大；所述第二峰值功率放大电路包括依次串接第二峰值输入匹配电路、第二峰值功率放大器和第二峰值输出匹配电路，调试所述第二峰值输出匹配电路使所述第二峰值功率放大电路在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧，同时在所述第二峰值输出匹配电路中一体化设置第二补偿线C2使所述第二峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大。The carrier power amplifying circuit comprises a carrier input matching circuit, a carrier power amplifier and a carrier output matching circuit connected in series in sequence, and debugging the carrier output matching circuit makes the load impedance of the carrier power amplifying circuit at low input power be 150 ohms And the load impedance at the time of high input power is 50 ohms; the first peak power amplifying circuit includes sequentially connecting the first peak input matching circuit, the first peak power amplifier and the first peak output matching circuit, and debugging the first The peak output matching circuit makes the load impedance of the first peak power amplifying circuit 150 ohms when the input power is high, and at the same time, the first compensation line C1 is integrally set in the first peak output matching circuit to make the first peak The load impedance of the power amplifying circuit is infinite when the input power is low; the second peak power amplifying circuit includes a second peak input matching circuit, a second peak power amplifier and a second peak output matching circuit connected in series in sequence, and the first peak power amplifier is debugged. Two peak output matching circuits make the load impedance of the second peak power amplifying circuit 150 ohms when the input power is high, and at the same time, a second compensation line C2 is integrally set in the second peak output matching circuit to make the second The load impedance of the peak power amplifier circuit is infinite at low input power.
优选地，所述第一补偿线C1为150欧。Preferably, the first compensation line C1 is 150Ω.
优选地，所述第二补偿线C2为150欧。Preferably, the second compensation line C2 is 150Ω.
优选地，所述第一峰值输入匹配电路的前端还设有50欧四分之一波长的相位延迟线。Preferably, the front end of the first peak input matching circuit is further provided with a 50 ohm quarter-wavelength phase delay line.
优选地，所述第二峰值输入匹配电路的前端还设有50欧四分之一波长的相位延迟线。Preferably, the front end of the second peak input matching circuit is further provided with a 50 ohm quarter-wavelength phase delay line.
优选地，所述载波功率放大器为AB类功率放大器，所述第一峰值功率放大器和所述第二峰值功率放大器为C类功率放大器。Preferably, the carrier power amplifier is a class AB power amplifier, and the first peak power amplifier and the second peak power amplifier are class C power amplifiers.
优选地，所述载波功率放大器、所述第一峰值功率放大器和所述第二峰值功率放大器均采用晶体管实现。Preferably, the carrier power amplifier, the first peak power amplifier and the second peak power amplifier are all implemented by transistors.
为了克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明还公开了一种新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器的实现方法，通过如下步骤实现：In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention also discloses a method for realizing a novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier, which is realized through the following steps:
调试一个标准的AB类功率放大器，作为载波功率放大器，并调试载波输出匹配电路使载波功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧且在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为50欧；Debug a standard class AB power amplifier as a carrier power amplifier, and debug the carrier output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the carrier power amplifier circuit is 150 ohms at low input power and 50 ohms at high input power;
调试一个标准的C类功率放大器，作为第一峰值功率放大器，并调试第一峰值输出匹配电路使第一峰值功率放大电路在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧；Debug a standard class C power amplifier as the first peak power amplifier, and debug the first peak output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the first peak power amplifier circuit is 150 ohms when the input power is high;
调试一个标准的C类功率放大器，作为第二峰值功率放大器，并调试第二峰值输出匹配电路使第二峰值功率放大电路在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧；Debug a standard class C power amplifier as the second peak power amplifier, and debug the second peak output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the second peak power amplifier circuit is 150 ohms when the input power is high;
在第一峰值输出匹配电路中设置第一补偿线C1并一体化调试第一峰值输出匹配电路和第一补偿线C1使第一峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大；在第二峰值输出匹配电路中设置第二补偿线C2并一体化调试第二峰值输出匹配电路和第二补偿线C2使第二峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大；Set the first compensation line C1 in the first peak output matching circuit and debug the first peak output matching circuit and the first compensation line C1 so that the load impedance of the first peak power amplifier circuit is infinite at low input power; The second compensation line C2 is set in the two peak output matching circuit and the second peak output matching circuit and the second compensation line C2 are integrated to debug the second peak output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the second peak power amplifying circuit is infinite when the input power is low;
调试一新型负载调制网络，所述新型负载调制网络采用86.6欧四分之一波长的阻抗变换器T1；Debugging a new load modulation network, the new load modulation network uses 86.6 ohm quarter wavelength impedance converter T1;
采用三路等分功分器将调试好的载波功率放大电路、第一峰值功率放大电路、第二峰值功率放大电路及新型负载调制网络组合起来，构成新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器，其中，载波功率放大电路的输出端与所述阻抗变换器T1的一端相连接，所述阻抗变换器T1的另一端与所述第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路的输出端相连接，并共同与所述负载的一端相连接，所述负载的另一端接地。A three-way equal power divider is used to combine the debugged carrier power amplifier circuit, the first peak power amplifier circuit, the second peak power amplifier circuit and the new load modulation network to form a new broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier. The output end of the power amplifying circuit is connected to one end of the impedance converter T1, and the other end of the impedance converter T1 is connected to the output ends of the first peak power amplifying circuit and the second peak power amplifying circuit, and Commonly connected to one end of the load, and the other end of the load is grounded.
优选地，所述第一补偿线C1和所述第二补偿线C2为150欧。Preferably, the first compensation line C1 and the second compensation line C2 are 150Ω.
优选地，在第一峰值输入匹配电路和第二峰值输入匹配电路的前端均设有50欧四分之一波长的相位延迟线。Preferably, a 50-ohm quarter-wavelength phase delay line is provided at the front ends of the first peak input matching circuit and the second peak input matching circuit.
相对现有技术，本发明改进了传统三路Doherty功率放大器的负载调制网络，传统三路Doherty功率放大器负载调制网络的阻抗变换比为9:1(150欧至16.67欧)，本发明中新型负载调制网络的阻抗变换比为3:1(150欧至50欧)，减小了负载调制网络的阻抗变换比，同时，本发明无需在合路输出端串联一段四分之一波长传输线，因此，本发明在增大Doherty工作带宽的同时减小了整体Doherty的版图面积。同时，传统三路Doherty功放辅助支路的补偿线是以单一中心频率点定义的，增大输出匹配电路的品质因数，从而抑制三路Doherty的整体带宽，本发明将补偿线加入峰值输出匹配电路中，降低峰值输出匹配电路的Q值，增大三路Doherty功放的工作带宽。Compared with the prior art, the present invention improves the load modulation network of the traditional three-way Doherty power amplifier. The impedance conversion ratio of the traditional three-way Doherty power amplifier load modulation network is 9:1 (150 ohms to 16.67 ohms). The impedance transformation ratio of the modulation network is 3:1 (150 ohms to 50 ohms), which reduces the impedance transformation ratio of the load modulation network. At the same time, the present invention does not need to connect a section of quarter-wavelength transmission line in series at the combined output end. Therefore, The present invention reduces the layout area of the whole Doherty while increasing the Doherty working bandwidth. At the same time, the compensation line of the auxiliary branch of the traditional three-way Doherty power amplifier is defined by a single center frequency point, which increases the quality factor of the output matching circuit, thereby suppressing the overall bandwidth of the three-way Doherty power amplifier. The present invention adds the compensation line to the peak output matching circuit Among them, the Q value of the peak output matching circuit is reduced, and the operating bandwidth of the three-way Doherty power amplifier is increased.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明中一种新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier in the present invention.
图2是特性阻抗为ZT的四分之一波长传输线的阻抗变换特性。Figure 2 is the impedance transformation characteristic of a quarter-wavelength transmission line whose characteristic impedance is ZT .
图3是本发明中新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器的工作原理图。Fig. 3 is a working principle diagram of the novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier in the present invention.
图4a为传统三路Doherty方案和本发明中新型宽带三路Doherty方案下模拟的主放大器在饱和点(大功率)处负载阻抗实虚部随频率的变化关系。Fig. 4a is the relationship between the real and imaginary part of the load impedance with frequency at the saturation point (high power) of the main amplifier simulated under the traditional three-way Doherty scheme and the novel broadband three-way Doherty scheme of the present invention.
图4b为传统三路Doherty方案和本发明中新型宽带三路Doherty方案下模拟的主放大器在回退点(小功率)处负载阻抗实虚部随频率的变化关系。Fig. 4b shows the relationship between the real and imaginary parts of the load impedance versus frequency at the back-off point (low power) of the simulated main amplifier under the traditional three-way Doherty scheme and the novel broadband three-way Doherty scheme of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
针对现有技术存在的缺陷，申请人对现有技术中三路Doherty功率放大器的结构进行了深入的研究，申请人发现现有技术中三路Doherty功率放大器载波功放的负载调制网络中的四分之一波长阻抗变换器阻抗变换比较大，使传统三路Doherty功率放大器负载调制网络的阻抗变换比为9:1(150欧至16.67欧)，从而抑制了三路Doherty的工作带宽，同时现有技术的负载调制网络通常由多个阻抗变换器构成，增大了Doherty功率放大器的尺寸，且传统三路Doherty功放辅助支路的补偿线是以单一中心频率点定义的，会增大输出匹配电路的品质因数，从而抑制三路Doherty的整体带宽。Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the applicant conducted in-depth research on the structure of the three-way Doherty power amplifier in the prior art, and the applicant found that the four-point One of the wavelength impedance converters has relatively large impedance conversion, so that the impedance conversion ratio of the traditional three-way Doherty power amplifier load modulation network is 9:1 (150 ohms to 16.67 ohms), thereby suppressing the working bandwidth of the three-way Doherty, while the existing The technical load modulation network is usually composed of multiple impedance converters, which increases the size of the Doherty power amplifier, and the compensation line of the auxiliary branch of the traditional three-way Doherty power amplifier is defined by a single center frequency point, which will increase the output matching circuit. The quality factor of , thereby suppressing the overall bandwidth of the three-way Doherty.
申请人通过理论分析发现，四分之一波长线工作带宽的近似表达式为：The applicant found through theoretical analysis that the approximate expression of the operating bandwidth of the quarter-wavelength line is:
其中Δf/f0表示四分之一波长阻抗变换线的相对带宽；Γm为最大能接受的反射系数；Z0和ZL表示两个端口的阻抗值；为了增大Δf/f0的值，可通过减小Z0和ZL的比值。Among them, Δf/f 0 represents the relative bandwidth of the quarter-wavelength impedance transformation line; Γ m is the maximum acceptable reflection coefficient; Z 0 and Z L represent the impedance values of the two ports; in order to increase the value of Δf/f 0 , by reducing the ratio of Z 0 and Z L.
参见图2，所示为特性阻抗为ZT的四分之一波长传输线的阻抗变换特性。根据图2可得特性阻抗为ZT的四分之一波长传输线的输入阻抗为Referring to Figure 2, it shows the impedance transformation characteristics of a quarter-wavelength transmission line with characteristic impedance Z T. According to Figure 2, the input impedance of the quarter-wavelength transmission line whose characteristic impedance is Z T is
阻抗变换比定义为四分之一波长传输线输入输出两端口的阻抗比值，即阻抗变换比The impedance transformation ratio is defined as the impedance ratio of the input and output ports of a quarter-wavelength transmission line, that is, the impedance transformation ratio
由四分之一波长传输线的工作带宽表达式可知，当Z0和ZL的阻抗值越接近时，即四分之一波长传输线的阻抗变换比越小，其工作带宽越宽。因此，为了增大Δf/f0的值，可通过减小Z0和ZL的比值，即减小四分之一波长传输线的阻抗变换比k。From the working bandwidth expression of the quarter-wavelength transmission line, it can be seen that when the impedance values of Z 0 and Z L are closer, that is, the impedance conversion ratio of the quarter-wavelength transmission line is smaller, and its working bandwidth is wider. Therefore, in order to increase the value of Δf/f 0 , the ratio of Z 0 to Z L can be reduced, that is, the impedance conversion ratio k of the quarter-wavelength transmission line can be reduced.
为了克服现有技术的缺陷，本申请采用一种新型负载调制网络，参见图1，所示为本发明一种新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器，包括三路等分功分器、载波功率放大电路、第一峰值功率放大电路、第二峰值功率放大电路和新型负载调制网络，其中，三路等分功分器用于将输入功率进行等分后分别输出给载波功率放大电路和第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路，载波功率放大电路的输出端接86.6欧四分之一波长阻抗变换器T1，并与第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路的输出端相连接合路将功率输出给负载；In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present application adopts a novel load modulation network, referring to Fig. 1, which shows a novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier of the present invention, including a three-way equal power divider and a carrier power amplifier circuit , a first peak power amplifying circuit, a second peak power amplifying circuit and a novel load modulation network, wherein the three-way equal power divider is used to divide the input power into equal parts and output them to the carrier power amplifying circuit and the first peak power amplifying circuit respectively circuit and the second peak power amplifying circuit, the output terminal of the carrier power amplifying circuit is connected to the 86.6 ohm quarter-wavelength impedance converter T1, and is connected with the output terminals of the first peak power amplifying circuit and the second peak power amplifying circuit. output power to the load;
载波功率放大电路包括依次串接的载波输入匹配电路、载波功率放大器和载波输出匹配电路，调试载波输出匹配电路使载波功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧且在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为50欧；第一峰值功率放大电路包括依次串接第一峰值输入匹配电路、第一峰值功率放大器和第一峰值输出匹配电路，调试第一峰值输出匹配电路使第一峰值功率放大电路在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧，同时在第一峰值输出匹配电路中一体化设置第一补偿线C1使第一峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大；第二峰值功率放大电路包括依次串接第二峰值输入匹配电路、第二峰值功率放大器和第二峰值输出匹配电路，调试第二峰值输出匹配电路使第二峰值功率放大电路在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧，同时在第二峰值输出匹配电路中一体化设置第二补偿线C2使第二峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大。新型负载调制网络由一段86.6欧四分之一波长阻抗变换器TI组成；载波放大电路通过86.6欧的阻抗变换器TI与第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路相连接合路将功率输出给负载。The carrier power amplifying circuit includes a carrier input matching circuit, a carrier power amplifier and a carrier output matching circuit connected in series in sequence. The carrier output matching circuit is debugged so that the load impedance of the carrier power amplifying circuit is 150 ohms when the input power is low and the load impedance is 150 ohms when the input power is high. The load impedance is 50 ohms; the first peak power amplifying circuit includes the first peak input matching circuit, the first peak power amplifier and the first peak output matching circuit connected in series, and the first peak output matching circuit is debugged to amplify the first peak power The load impedance of the circuit at high input power is 150 ohms, and the first compensation line C1 is integrated in the first peak output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the first peak power amplifier circuit is infinite at low input power; the second The peak power amplifying circuit includes a second peak input matching circuit, a second peak power amplifier and a second peak output matching circuit connected in series in sequence, and debugging the second peak output matching circuit makes the load impedance of the second peak power amplifying circuit at high input power The second compensation line C2 is integrated in the second peak output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the second peak power amplifier circuit is infinite when the input power is low. The new load modulation network is composed of a 86.6 ohm quarter-wavelength impedance converter TI; the carrier amplifier circuit is connected to the first peak power amplifying circuit and the second peak power amplifying circuit through the 86.6 ohm impedance converter TI to output the power give load.
采用上述技术方案，新型负载调制网络仅由一段86.6欧四分之一波长阻抗变换器TI构成，降低了负载调制网络的阻抗变换比且大大缩小了Doherty功率放大器的尺寸；同时将峰值功放输出端的补偿线加入到峰值输出匹配电路中，从而克服了传统三路Doherty功放辅助支路的补偿线是以单一中心频率点定义的技术缺陷，大大减小峰值输出匹配电路的品质因数，从而极大地拓宽三路Doerty的工作带宽。Using the above technical solution, the new load modulation network is only composed of a 86.6-ohm quarter-wavelength impedance converter TI, which reduces the impedance transformation ratio of the load modulation network and greatly reduces the size of the Doherty power amplifier; at the same time, the output of the peak power amplifier The compensation line is added to the peak output matching circuit, thereby overcoming the technical defect that the compensation line of the auxiliary branch of the traditional three-way Doherty power amplifier is defined by a single center frequency point, greatly reducing the quality factor of the peak output matching circuit, thereby greatly broadening the Three-way Doerty working bandwidth.
在一种优选实施方式中，第一补偿线C1和第二补偿线C2均为150欧，加入补偿线是为了使第一峰值输出匹配电路和第二峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大，同时由于高输入功率是匹配到150欧，采用150欧的补偿线就是为了进一步提高高输入功率时的性能。In a preferred embodiment, the first compensation line C1 and the second compensation line C2 are both 150 ohms, and the compensation line is added to make the load of the first peak output matching circuit and the second peak power amplifying circuit under low input power The impedance is infinite, and because the high input power is matched to 150 ohms, the 150 ohm compensation line is used to further improve the performance at high input power.
以下进一步详述上述技术方案的设计原理。参见图3，所示为本发明中新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器的工作原理图。负载ZL上的电压可以表示为：The design principles of the above technical solutions are further described below. Referring to FIG. 3 , it shows the working principle diagram of the novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier in the present invention. The voltage across the load Z L can be expressed as:
VL＝ZL(IC'+IP)V L ＝ Z L (I C '+I P )
IP＝IP1+IP2 I P ＝I P1 +I P2
主辅(两条辅助支路归为一个支路)两支路的输出阻抗分别可以表示为：The output impedance of the main and auxiliary branches (two auxiliary branches are classified into one branch) can be expressed as:
载波功放输出端四分之一波长阻抗变换线两端的电压电流关系为：The relationship between the voltage and current at both ends of the quarter-wavelength impedance transformation line at the output of the carrier power amplifier is:
VP·IC'＝VC·IC V P ·I C '＝V C ·I C
其中，in,
VP＝VP1＝VP2 V P =V P1 =V P2
则，but,
此外，由四分之一波长阻抗变换线原理可得：In addition, from the principle of the quarter-wavelength impedance transformation line:
根据VC＝IC·ZC，有，According to V C ＝ I C · Z C , there are,
其中ZT＝86.6Ω，ZL＝50Ω。Where Z T =86.6Ω, Z L =50Ω.
当低输入功率状态时，只有载波功放开启，所有输入信号经载波功放放大，两路峰值功放完全关闭(IP1＝IP2＝0)，则载波功放和峰值功放低功率下的输出阻抗可以表示为：When the input power is low, only the carrier power amplifier is turned on, all input signals are amplified by the carrier power amplifier, and the two peak power amplifiers are completely closed (I P1 = I P2 = 0), then the output impedance of the carrier power amplifier and the peak power amplifier at low power can be expressed as for:
ZP1,Low＝ZP2,Low＝∞Z P1,Low =Z P2,Low =∞
则低功率状态下合路点的阻抗为50欧姆。Then the impedance of the junction point in the low power state is 50 ohms.
当高输入功率状态时，主辅功放一起工作，当输入功率达到最大时，主辅功放同时饱和，此时整体Doherty功放输出功率最大，此时将两路峰值功放输出端均匹配到150欧姆，即令ZP1,High＝ZP2,High＝150Ω，将主功放输出端在饱和状态时匹配到50欧姆，则由86.6欧四分之一波长阻抗变换线变换得四分之一波长变换线得150欧姆，三个150欧姆并联得合路点阻抗为50欧姆，即低功率和高功率状态下合路点阻抗均为50欧姆。又因为Doherty整体合路输出端负载阻抗为50欧姆，因此，无需在合路输出端串联一段四分之一波长传输线，因此，本发明在增大Doherty工作带宽的同时减小了整体Doherty的版图面积。When the input power is high, the main and auxiliary power amplifiers work together. When the input power reaches the maximum, the main and auxiliary power amplifiers are saturated at the same time. At this time, the overall output power of the Doherty power amplifier is the largest. At this time, the output terminals of the two peak power amplifiers are matched to 150 ohms. That is to say, Z P1, High = Z P2, High = 150Ω, and the output end of the main power amplifier is matched to 50 ohms in the saturated state, then the quarter-wavelength conversion line converted by the 86.6 ohm quarter-wavelength impedance conversion line is 150Ω Ohm, three 150 ohms connected in parallel to get the impedance of the junction point is 50 ohms, that is, the impedance of the junction point is 50 ohms in both low power and high power states. And because the load impedance of the overall Doherty combined output end is 50 ohms, therefore, there is no need to connect a section of quarter-wavelength transmission line in series at the combined output end. Therefore, the present invention reduces the layout of the overall Doherty while increasing the Doherty operating bandwidth. area.
在一种优选实施方式中，所述第一峰值输入匹配电路的前端还设有50欧四分之一波长的相位延迟线。In a preferred implementation manner, the front end of the first peak input matching circuit is further provided with a 50 ohm quarter-wave phase delay line.
在一种优选实施方式中，所述第二峰值输入匹配电路的前端还设有50欧四分之一波长的相位延迟线。In a preferred implementation manner, the front end of the second peak input matching circuit is further provided with a 50 ohm quarter-wave phase delay line.
在一种优选实施方式中，所述载波功率放大器为AB类功率放大器，所述第一峰值功率放大器和所述第二峰值功率放大器为C类功率放大器。In a preferred implementation manner, the carrier power amplifier is a class AB power amplifier, and the first peak power amplifier and the second peak power amplifier are class C power amplifiers.
在一种优选实施方式中，所述载波功率放大器、所述第一峰值功率放大器和所述第二峰值功率放大器均采用晶体管实现。In a preferred implementation manner, the carrier power amplifier, the first peak power amplifier and the second peak power amplifier are all implemented by transistors.
为了克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明还提出一种新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器的实现方法，通过如下步骤实现：In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention also proposes a method for realizing a novel broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier, which is realized through the following steps:
步骤一：调试一个标准的AB类功率放大器，作为载波功率放大器，并调试载波输出匹配电路使载波功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧且在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为50欧；Step 1: Debug a standard class AB power amplifier as a carrier power amplifier, and debug the carrier output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the carrier power amplifier circuit is 150 ohms at low input power and 50 at high input power Europe;
步骤二：调试一个标准的C类功率放大器，作为第一峰值功率放大器，并调试第一峰值输出匹配电路使第一峰值功率放大电路在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧；Step 2: debug a standard class C power amplifier as the first peak power amplifier, and debug the first peak output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the first peak power amplifier circuit at high input power is 150 ohms;
步骤三：调试一个标准的C类功率放大器，作为第二峰值功率放大器，并调试第二峰值输出匹配电路使第二峰值功率放大电路在高输入功率时的负载阻抗为150欧；Step 3: debug a standard class C power amplifier as the second peak power amplifier, and debug the second peak output matching circuit so that the load impedance of the second peak power amplifier circuit is 150 ohms at high input power;
步骤四：在第一峰值输出匹配电路中设置第一补偿线C1并一体化调试第一峰值输出匹配电路和第一补偿线C1使第一峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大；在第二峰值输出匹配电路中设置第二补偿线C2并一体化调试第二峰值输出匹配电路和第二补偿线C2使第二峰值功率放大电路在低输入功率时的负载阻抗为无穷大；现有技术通常是输出匹配电路设计好之后，在不改变匹配电路的基础上，再设计这根补偿线；现有技术的补偿线设计方式导致补偿线是以单一中心频率点定义的，增加补偿线会增大输出匹配电路的品质因数，从而抑制三路Doherty的整体带宽。本发明将输出匹配电路和补偿线一体化设置和调试，将补偿线加入峰值输出匹配电路中作峰值输出匹配电路，从而降低峰值输出匹配电路的Q值，极大地拓宽了三路Doherty功放的工作带宽；Step 4: Set the first compensation line C1 in the first peak output matching circuit and debug the first peak output matching circuit and the first compensation line C1 integrally so that the load impedance of the first peak power amplifier circuit is infinite at low input power In the second peak output matching circuit, the second compensation line C2 is set and the second peak output matching circuit and the second compensation line C2 are integrated to make the load impedance of the second peak power amplifier circuit be infinite at low input power; now In the existing technology, after the output matching circuit is designed, the compensation line is designed without changing the matching circuit; the compensation line design method in the prior art causes the compensation line to be defined by a single center frequency point, and the compensation line is added It will increase the quality factor of the output matching circuit, thereby suppressing the overall bandwidth of the three-way Doherty. In the present invention, the output matching circuit and compensation line are integrated and debugged, and the compensation line is added to the peak output matching circuit as a peak output matching circuit, thereby reducing the Q value of the peak output matching circuit and greatly expanding the work of the three-way Doherty power amplifier bandwidth;
步骤五：调试一新型负载调制网络，所述新型负载调制网络采用86.6欧四分之一波长的阻抗变换器T1；Step 5: debugging a new load modulation network, the new load modulation network adopts an impedance converter T1 of 86.6 ohm quarter wavelength;
步骤六：采用三路等分功分器将调试好的载波功率放大电路、第一峰值功率放大电路、第二峰值功率放大电路及新型负载调制网络组合起来，构成新型宽带三路Doherty功率放大器，其中，载波功率放大电路的输出端与所述阻抗变换器T1的一端相连接，所述阻抗变换器T1的另一端与所述第一峰值功率放大电路和第二峰值功率放大电路的输出端相连接，并共同与所述负载的一端相连接，所述负载的另一端接地。Step 6: Combine the debugged carrier power amplifier circuit, the first peak power amplifier circuit, the second peak power amplifier circuit and the new load modulation network with a three-way equal power divider to form a new broadband three-way Doherty power amplifier. Wherein, the output end of the carrier power amplifier circuit is connected with one end of the impedance converter T1, and the other end of the impedance converter T1 is connected with the output ends of the first peak power amplifier circuit and the second peak power amplifier circuit. connected, and are connected together with one end of the load, and the other end of the load is grounded.
参见图4a和图4b，所示为传统三路Doherty方案和本发明中新型宽带三路Doherty方案下模拟的主放大器在饱和点(大功率)和回退点(小功率)处负载阻抗实虚部随频率的变化关系，从图4a和图4b的图示可知，本发明极大地拓宽了三路Doherty功放的工作带宽。Referring to Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b, it shows that the load impedance of the main amplifier simulated under the traditional three-way Doherty scheme and the novel broadband three-way Doherty scheme in the present invention is real and virtual at the saturation point (high power) and the fallback point (low power) It can be seen from the diagrams of Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b that the variation relationship of part with frequency shows that the present invention greatly widens the operating bandwidth of the three-way Doherty power amplifier.
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说是显而易见的，本申请中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本申请所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本申请所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in this application may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this application, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in this application.
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