CN106410707A - 基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管及制作方法 - Google Patents
基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管及制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管及制作方法,包括外层芳纶针织网管、内层玻璃纤维编织管及设置于外层芳纶针织网管和内层玻璃纤维编织管之间的有机硅树脂涂层。采用三明治结构设计,硬质层为具有一定硬度的玻璃纤维制成的玻璃纤维编织管,软质层是芳纶制成的芳纶针织网管,使得其机械防护等级大大提高并具有耐碰撞性能,不仅加强此保护套管机械强度,而且能够有效缓冲避免外部碰撞冲击造成对内部线束的损伤。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于线束保护套管技术领域,具体地指一种基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管及制作方法。
背景技术
目前车辆上广泛使用的大功率电缆保护套管是一种普通的编制套管,和车身上其他部位套管相同。这类编制套管在受到巨大碰撞冲击下,无法保证大功率线缆的完整性,容易导致线管损坏而造成CCA风险。在带STT(START&STOP启停系统)功能整车碰撞试验中,发现CCA(严重短路)风险警示有如下两大类:
(1)大功率线束破损(蓄电池/DMTR稳压器/BPGA保险丝盒/交流发电机);
(2)与稳压器大功率线束产生金属接触。
因此,目前普通编织套管已经无法起到保护作用,使整车碰撞后面临严重的CCA风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是要解决上述背景技术的不足,提供一种用于车辆剧烈碰撞情况下线束保护的基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管及制作方法,保护/隔离大功率线束、防止大功率线束被破坏,破坏后与车身金属物质接触造成CCA风险。
为实现上述目的,本发明所设计的基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管,包括外层芳纶针织网管、内层玻璃纤维编织管及设置于外层芳纶针织网管和内层玻璃纤维编织管之间的有机硅树脂涂层。
进一步地,所述外层芳纶针织网管的外径为14~16mm、厚度为1~2mm;所述内层玻璃纤维编织管的内径为9~10mm、厚度为1.6~1.8mm;所述有机硅树脂涂层的厚度为1~2mm。
进一步地,所述外层芳纶针织网管的规格为1600~1700tex,所述玻璃纤维编织管的规格为1250~1350tex。
一种如上述所述基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管的制作方法,包括如下步骤:
1)制备芳纶针织网管和玻璃纤维编织管:将芳纶纤维接入钩针钩织成芳纶针织网管;将玻璃纤维绕在锭子上后,装入编织机内交织编结成玻璃纤维编织管半成品,再将玻璃纤维编织管半成品进行脱蜡处理,然后在脱蜡处理的玻璃纤维编织管半成品外表面涂覆有机硅树脂胶后,热固化形成玻璃纤维编织管;脱蜡处理是为了去除玻璃纤维编织管表面的“杂质”,便于有机硅树脂良好的涂覆和结合;
2)制备保护套管半成品:将玻璃纤维编织管和芳纶针织网管进行穿套制成保护套管半成品,由于芳纶针织网管有很好的伸缩性,所以直径只需稍微大于玻璃纤维编织管就可以穿套,芳纶针织网管在穿套时需要外力拉力牵引,穿套完成后会自动收缩,刚好“捆扎”住玻璃纤维编织管;其中:玻璃纤维编织管为内层,芳纶针织网管为外层;
3)将步骤2)中的保护套管半成品放入黑色的聚氨酯溶液中进行浸泡后烘干;
4)将步骤3)中的保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸,通过挤压使有机硅树脂胶渗透至芳纶针织网管内表面,使芳纶针织网管内表面均匀涂覆有机硅树脂胶,然后热固化,并多次重复涂胶固化形成保护套管成品。
进一步地,所述步骤1)中,外层芳纶针织网管的规格为1600~1700tex,玻璃纤维编织管的规格为1250~1350tex。
进一步地,所述步骤1)中,脱蜡处理的温度为530℃~570℃,热固化的温度为175℃~185℃,有机硅树脂胶在该固化温度下固化效果最优良。
进一步地,所述步骤3)中,黑色的聚氨酯溶液的质量浓度为33%~38%,质量浓度高于38%则容易堵住芳纶针织网管的网孔,进而影响浸胶效果;质量浓度低于33%则包覆效果下降,呈现涂色不匀现象;浸泡速度为与生产线速度一致(一般为0.2~0.4m/min,优选为0.3m/min),浸泡速度即为染色烘干时间决定,和生产线速度一样,速度小于生产线速度则产能过低,速度大于生产线速度则不能完全烘干固色;烘干温度为175℃~185℃,有机硅树脂胶在该温度下固化效果最优良;烘干速度与生产线速度一致。
进一步地,所述步骤4)中,保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸的速度和固化的速度相同均与生产线速度一致;热固化温度为175℃~185℃,有机硅树脂胶在该温度下固化效果最优良。
本发明的优点如下:本发明采用三明治结构设计,硬质层为具有一定硬度的玻璃纤维制成的玻璃纤维编织管,软质层是芳纶制成的芳纶针织网管,使得其机械防护等级大大提高并具有耐碰撞性能,不仅加强此保护套管机械强度,而且能够有效缓冲避免外部碰撞冲击造成对内部线束的损伤。
附图说明
图1为本发明基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管的结构示意图;
图2为图1的侧视示意图。
其中:外层芳纶针织网管1、有机硅树脂涂层2、内层玻璃纤维编织管3。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
如图1所示本发明所设计的基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管,包括外层芳纶针织网管1、内层玻璃纤维编织管3及设置于外层芳纶针织网管1和内层玻璃纤维编织管3之间的有机硅树脂涂层2,外层芳纶针织网管1的外径为14~16mm、厚度为1~2mm,内层玻璃纤维编织管3的内径为9~10mm、厚度为1.6~1.8mm,有机硅树脂涂层2的厚度为1~2mm。并且外层芳纶针织网管1的规格为1600~1700tex,玻璃纤维编织管3的规格为1250~1350tex。
本发明保护套管的三明治结构原理如下:
由“硬质层”加上“软质层”,硬质层的防撞击原理是通过其本身碎裂降解甚至分层来耗散其冲击能量,软质层通过其本身的形变来耗散能量进而保护人体。而本发明保护套管的硬质层为具有一定硬度的玻璃纤维制成的玻璃纤维编织管,软质层是芳纶制成的芳纶针织网管,使得其机械防护等级大大提高并具有耐碰撞性能。本发明采用三明治结构设计,不仅加强此保护套管机械强度,而且能够有效缓冲避免外部碰撞冲击造成对内部线束的损伤。即确保发生碰撞后大功率电缆不会被车身上金属物质刺穿导致正负极短路,引起CCA(严重短路)风险。
另外,外层芳纶针织网管的外径小于14mm,会影响后续的网孔浸胶,即有机硅树脂胶渗流不进去,大于16mm造成内外层间隙过大,降低抗撞击效果;内层玻璃纤维编织管的内径小于9mm影响线束的穿套,大于10mm则中间的有机硅树脂涂层会减少,影响粘黏或者造成芳纶针织网管的外径过大影响装配;而有机硅树脂涂层的厚度由芳纶针织网管的厚度决定,若芳纶针织网管的厚度大,则有机硅树脂涂层的厚度也应该相应的厚,保证内层和外侧的粘接性。
实施例1
1)制备芳纶针织网管和玻璃纤维编织管:将芳纶纤维接入钩针,以30转/min速度钩织成芳纶针织网管;将玻璃纤维分别绕在48个锭子上后,装入编织机内交织编结成玻璃纤维编织管半成品,再将玻璃纤维编织管半成品进行脱蜡处理,脱蜡处理的温度为530℃,然后在脱蜡处理的玻璃纤维编织管半成品外表面涂覆有机硅树脂胶后,在温度为175℃下热固化形成玻璃纤维编织管;其中:外层芳纶针织网管的规格为1600tex,玻璃纤维编织管的规格为1350tex;
2)制备保护套管半成品:将玻璃纤维编织管和芳纶针织网管进行穿套制成保护套管半成品;其中:玻璃纤维编织管为内层,芳纶针织网管为外层;
3)将步骤2)中的保护套管半成品放入黑色的聚氨酯溶液中进行浸泡后烘干,黑色的聚氨酯溶液的质量浓度为33%,浸泡速度为0.3m/min,与生产线速度一样,烘干温度为175℃,烘干速度也为0.3m/min,与生产线速度一样;
4)将步骤3)中的保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸,通过挤压使有机硅树脂胶渗透至芳纶针织网管内表面,使芳纶针织网管内表面均匀涂覆有机硅树脂胶,然后在温度为175℃下热固化,保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸的速度和固化的速度相同均为0.3m/min,均与生产线速度一致,并多次重复涂胶固化形成保护套管成品。
实施例2
1)制备芳纶针织网管和玻璃纤维编织管:将芳纶纤维接入钩针,以30转/min速度钩织成芳纶针织网管;将玻璃纤维分别绕在48个锭子上后,装入编织机内交织编结成玻璃纤维编织管半成品,再将玻璃纤维编织管半成品进行脱蜡处理,脱蜡处理的温度为550℃,然后在脱蜡处理的玻璃纤维编织管半成品外表面涂覆有机硅树脂胶后,在温度为180℃下热固化形成玻璃纤维编织管;其中:外层芳纶针织网管的规格为1650tex,玻璃纤维编织管的规格为1300tex;
2)制备保护套管半成品:将玻璃纤维编织管和芳纶针织网管进行穿套制成保护套管半成品;其中:玻璃纤维编织管为内层,芳纶针织网管为外层;
3)将步骤2)中的保护套管半成品放入黑色的聚氨酯溶液中进行浸泡后烘干,黑色的聚氨酯溶液的质量浓度为35%,浸泡速度为0.3m/min,与生产线速度一样,烘干温度为180℃,烘干速度也为0.3m/min,与生产线速度一样;
4)将步骤3)中的保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸,通过挤压使有机硅树脂胶渗透至芳纶针织网管内表面,使芳纶针织网管内表面均匀涂覆有机硅树脂胶,然后在温度为180℃下热固化,保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸的速度和固化的速度相同均为0.3m/min,均与生产线速度一致,并多次重复涂胶固化形成保护套管成品。
实施例3
1)制备芳纶针织网管和玻璃纤维编织管:将芳纶纤维接入钩针,以30转/min速度钩织成芳纶针织网管;将玻璃纤维分别绕在48个锭子上后,装入编织机内交织编结成玻璃纤维编织管半成品,再将玻璃纤维编织管半成品进行脱蜡处理,脱蜡处理的温度为570℃,然后在脱蜡处理的玻璃纤维编织管半成品外表面涂覆有机硅树脂胶后,在温度为180℃下热固化形成玻璃纤维编织管;其中:外层芳纶针织网管的规格为1680tex,玻璃纤维编织管的规格为1320tex;
2)制备保护套管半成品:将玻璃纤维编织管和芳纶针织网管进行穿套制成保护套管半成品;其中:玻璃纤维编织管为内层,芳纶针织网管为外层;
3)将步骤2)中的保护套管半成品放入黑色的聚氨酯溶液中进行浸泡后烘干,黑色的聚氨酯溶液的质量浓度为35%,浸泡速度为0.35m/min,与生产线速度一样,烘干温度为180℃,烘干速度也为0.35m/min,与生产线速度一样;
4)将步骤3)中的保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸,通过挤压使有机硅树脂胶渗透至芳纶针织网管内表面,使芳纶针织网管内表面均匀涂覆有机硅树脂胶,然后在温度为180℃下热固化,保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸的速度和固化的速度相同均为0.35m/min,均与生产线速度一致,并多次重复涂胶固化形成保护套管成品。
实施例4
1)制备芳纶针织网管和玻璃纤维编织管:将芳纶纤维接入钩针,以30转/min速度钩织成芳纶针织网管;将玻璃纤维分别绕在48个锭子上后,装入编织机内交织编结成玻璃纤维编织管半成品,再将玻璃纤维编织管半成品进行脱蜡处理,脱蜡处理的温度为560℃,然后在脱蜡处理的玻璃纤维编织管半成品外表面涂覆有机硅树脂胶后,在温度为185℃下热固化形成玻璃纤维编织管;其中:外层芳纶针织网管的规格为1700tex,玻璃纤维编织管的规格为1250tex;
2)制备保护套管半成品:将玻璃纤维编织管和芳纶针织网管进行穿套制成保护套管半成品;其中:玻璃纤维编织管为内层,芳纶针织网管为外层;
3)将步骤2)中的保护套管半成品放入黑色的聚氨酯溶液中进行浸泡后烘干,黑色的聚氨酯溶液的质量浓度为38%,浸泡速度为0.4m/min,与生产线速度一样,烘干温度为185℃,烘干速度也为0.4m/min,与生产线速度一样;
4)将步骤3)中的保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸,通过挤压使有机硅树脂胶渗透至芳纶针织网管内表面,使芳纶针织网管内表面均匀涂覆有机硅树脂胶,然后在温度为185℃下热固化,保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸的速度和固化的速度相同均为0.4m/min,均与生产线速度一致,并多次重复涂胶固化形成保护套管成品。
耐碰撞试验验证包括抗撞击试验验证和整车碰撞验证。
(1)抗撞击试验验证LV312-3:该试验验证线束受到重物冲击时,保护套管的机械保护性能等级。冲击块的重量约为10Kg±50g,其高度可以调节。穿套在本发明保护套管内的线束直径是11mm,型号为FL2G25mm2非屏蔽导线。测试倾斜角度为0°,试样所能承受的能量通过电导通来表征,电导通是指落体与导线导体之间无大于10ms短路现象,能量W(cas)=m total x g x h(x代表乘以)。
等级判断标准如表1
等级 | Typ1落体 | Typ2落体 |
Class A | ≥5J | ≥3.8J |
Class B | ≥10J | ≥7.5J |
Class C | ≥15J | ≥11.3J |
Class D | ≥25J | ≥18.8J |
Class E | ≥50J | ≥37.5J |
Class F | ≥75J | ≥56.3J |
表1
试验结果如表2
套管类型 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 平均值 |
保护套管 | 85.46J | 83.98J | 86.53J | 84.72J | 85.32J |
普通套管 | 23.2J | 19.3J | 18.9J | 22.0J | 20.85J |
表2
从表2可以看出,针对Typ1落体:本发明保护套管平均可以承受约85.32J的撞击,可以达到Class F等级抗撞击能力,而普通编制管撞击平均为20J左右。
(2)整车碰撞验证:经过整车碰撞试验,碰撞结果如下:
a)与+12V/DMTR的连接处:套管已被压坏,部分纤维已被切断,电缆已被压坏,纤维嵌在绝缘体内。绝缘体上有痕迹,但是没有穿破。
b)与交流发电机/BPGA的连接处:套管上有明显的摩擦痕迹,部分纤维已被切断,电缆是完整的
c)与+12V/起动机的连接处:套管有轻微破损,部分纤维已被切断。电缆已被压坏,但未穿破。
综上所述,均未出现短路现象,本发明的保护套管保护效果显著。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。
Claims (8)
1.一种基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管,其特征在于:包括外层芳纶针织网管(1)、内层玻璃纤维编织管(3)及设置于外层芳纶针织网管(1)和内层玻璃纤维编织管(3)之间的有机硅树脂涂层(2)。
2.根据权利要求1所述基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管,其特征在于:所述外层芳纶针织网管(1)的外径为14~16mm、厚度为1~2mm;所述内层玻璃纤维编织管(3)的内径为9~10mm、厚度为1.6~1.8mm;所述有机硅树脂涂层(2)的厚度为1~2mm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管,其特征在于:所述外层芳纶针织网管(1)的规格为1600~1700tex,所述玻璃纤维编织管(3)的规格为1250~1350tex。
4.一种如权利要求1~3任意一项所述基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管的制作方法,其特征在于:所述制作方法包括如下步骤:
1)制备芳纶针织网管和玻璃纤维编织管:将芳纶纤维接入钩针钩织成芳纶针织网管;将玻璃纤维绕在锭子上后,装入编织机内交织编结成玻璃纤维编织管半成品,再将玻璃纤维编织管半成品进行脱蜡处理,然后在脱蜡处理的玻璃纤维编织管半成品外表面涂覆有机硅树脂胶后,热固化形成玻璃纤维编织管;
2)制备保护套管半成品:将玻璃纤维编织管和芳纶针织网管进行穿套制成保护套管半成品;其中:玻璃纤维编织管为内层,芳纶针织网管为外层;
3)将步骤2)中的保护套管半成品放入黑色的聚氨酯溶液中进行浸泡后烘干;
4)将步骤3)中的保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸,通过挤压使有机硅树脂胶渗透至芳纶针织网管内表面,使芳纶针织网管内表面均匀涂覆有机硅树脂胶,然后热固化,并多次重复涂胶固化形成保护套管成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,外层芳纶针织网管的规格为1600~1700tex,玻璃纤维编织管的规格为1250~1350tex。
6.根据权利要求4所述基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,脱蜡处理的温度为530℃~600℃,热固化的温度为175℃~185℃。
7.根据权利要求4所述基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3)中,黑色的聚氨酯溶液的质量浓度为33%~38%,浸泡速度为与生产线速度一致,烘干温度为175℃~185℃,烘干速度与生产线速度一致。
8.根据权利要求4所述基于三明治结构防碰撞大功率线束保护套管的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤4)中,保护套管半成品穿入有机硅树脂胶缸的速度和固化的速度相同均与生产线速度一致,热固化温度为175℃~185℃。
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