CN106410355B - A kind of four ridge orthomode coupler of L-band - Google Patents
A kind of four ridge orthomode coupler of L-band Download PDFInfo
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- CN106410355B CN106410355B CN201611061092.XA CN201611061092A CN106410355B CN 106410355 B CN106410355 B CN 106410355B CN 201611061092 A CN201611061092 A CN 201611061092A CN 106410355 B CN106410355 B CN 106410355B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
- H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
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- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of four ridge orthomode coupler of L-band, which is that amendment type exponential fade profile loads spinal meninges piece and coaxial excitation structure, and working frequency 1-2GHz is applied to radio telescope L-band receiver system.The orthomode coupler is made of circular waveguide, four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments, four ridge circular waveguides, spinal meninges piece, short circuit back chamber, the first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe, and circular waveguide bore is designed by lowest operating frequency；Four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments select amendment type exponential fade type impedance mapping mode, it is ensured that the transmission of four ridge circular waveguide main moulds to circular waveguide main mould；Chamfering amendment is carried out to four ridge sections in four ridge circular waveguides, it is ensured that the phenomenon that being not in Xiang Hu Gan Wataru between spinal meninges piece；Four ridge ripple guiding coaxial converters select coaxial feed mode, and short circuit back chamber selects conical design.The actual measurement of the orthomode coupler reflection loss and isolation and simulation result coincide substantially, can satisfy radio astronomy observation requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of four ridge orthomode couplers of L-band, dedicated for the reception of radio astronomy field wide-band microwave
Machine.
Background technique
Orthomode coupler (OMT, Ortho-Mode Transducer) is as the important portion for realizing dual polarization antenna-feeder system
Part, nowadays satellite communication, radio astronomy and in terms of be widely used.In radio astronomy field,
The broadening of OMT working band is advantageously implemented the full frequency band covering of frequency spectrum resource, it is possible to reduce each frequency range feed type is drawn
Point, system effectiveness is improved, equipment cost is reduced.
It is a separation for orthomode coupler (the referred to as orthogonal device or OMT) polarized wave mutually orthogonal for two
The either element of mixing.OMT can identify the independence of the upper two orthogonal main moulds of public port (generally circular waveguide or square wave guide)
Signal and the basic mode for feeding these to single signal port, match all of the port, and have high polarization between two signals
Distinguishing ability.
The working frequency range bandwidth of orthogonal device be primarily limited to device public port cross-sectional shape and its corresponding main mould
With the relativeness of the first higher mode cutoff frequency.The bandwidth of the orthogonal device of asymmetric waveguide is 20% under normal circumstances, is used
After non-symmetric technique (symmetrical coupled hole, symmetric part of matrix etc.), bandwidth of operation be increased.
After symmetrical structure, by the TM of round orthogonal device straight channel excitation01Mould resonance is eliminated, it is ensured that orthogonal device work
Make frequency band to the second higher mode TE21Before the initial frequency of mould, the ratio between orthogonal device work height frequency point is (3.412/1.05/
2.064): 1=1.57:1, theoretically maximum percentage can achieve 43.7%.
Similarly, the TM motivated straight channel using the rectangular orthogonal device of symmetrical structure11Mould/TE11Mould resonance is eliminated, can be with
Guarantee that orthogonal device working band expands to the second higher mode TE20Before the initial frequency of mould, orthogonal device work height rectangular at this time
The ratio between frequency point is (2/1.05/1.0): 1=1.90:1, and theoretically maximum percentage can achieve 62%.
Due to the characteristic of waveguide mode distribution, even if the first/second high-order mode resonance of conventional orthorhombic device straight channel is disappeared
It removes, it also can not will be more than the working frequency range bandwidth expansion to two octaves of orthogonal device.Therefore common fin line OMT, Boifot type
Partition-branch synthesis OMT, double ridges transition-branch synthesis OMT, double ridge transition-coaxially export OMT, four arms synthesis OMT etc. in work
It all cannot achieve the bandwidth of operation of 2:1 octave in journey.The only structural symmetry of four ridge waveguides and the work of sufficiently large main mould
Bandwidth (when ridge spacing is sufficiently small, can achieve the bandwidth of 4:1), can be arrived four ridge waveguides are gradual by suitable curve transition
Circular waveguide bore.
Four ridge waveguides advantage compared with conventional waveguide is as follows: due to ridge flange effect, the main mould bandwidth of ridge waveguide is than straight wave
Width is led, can be used for broadband feed structure；Under identical waveguide dimensions, the single mode operation frequency band of ridge waveguide is wider, identical
Ridge waveguide is smaller under working band；Compared with the waveguide of same cross section, the equivalent impedance of ridge waveguide is low, therefore can use
Transition connecting apparatus between low-impedance coaxial line, microstrip line.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at provide a kind of four ridge orthomode coupler of L-band, which is that amendment type refers to
Number gradient ramp load spinal meninges piece and coaxial excitation structure, working frequency 1-2GHz are applied to radio telescope L-band receiver
System.The orthomode coupler is by circular waveguide, four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments, four ridge circular waveguides, spinal meninges piece, short circuit back chamber, the
One coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe composition, circular waveguide bore are designed by lowest operating frequency；Four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments
Select amendment type exponential fade type impedance mapping mode, it is ensured that the transmission of four ridge circular waveguide main moulds to circular waveguide main mould；Four ridges circle
Chamfering amendment is carried out to four ridge sections in waveguide, it is ensured that the phenomenon that being not in Xiang Hu Gan Wataru between spinal meninges piece；Four ridge waveguides are same
Axis converter selects coaxial feed mode, and short circuit back chamber selects conical design.The orthomode coupler reflection loss and every
Actual measurement and simulation result from degree coincide substantially, can satisfy radio astronomy observation requirements.
Four ridge orthomode coupler of a kind of L-band of the present invention, the orthomode coupler working frequency range are 1-2GHz,
For a Prediction by Modified Index Curve transition ridge diaphragm-type orthomode coupler, it is applied to radio telescope L-band receiver system, it should
Orthomode coupler is by circular waveguide, four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments, four ridge circular waveguides, spinal meninges piece, short circuit back chamber, the first coaxial spy
Needle and the second coaxial probe composition, one end of circular waveguide (1) and four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments (2) in succession, four ridge waveguide gradual changes
Transformation segment (2) other end is connect with four ridge circular waveguides (3), and the other end of four ridge circular waveguides (3) is connect with short circuit back chamber (4), ridge
Diaphragm (5) is embedded in four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments (2) and four ridge circular waveguides (3) are internal, and the first coaxial probe (7) passes through spinal meninges
At piece (5) to four ridge circular waveguide (3) centers.
Circular waveguide (1) bore is 293.4mm, length 30mm.
Four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segment (2) length are 640mm, are 293.4mm with circular waveguide (1) junction bore, with four
Ridge circular waveguide (3) junction bore is 136mm.
Four ridge circular waveguide (3) outer rim bores are 136mm, length 40mm.
Short circuit back chamber (4) is cone, and it is highly 30mm that circular cone top surface diameter, which is 48mm, basal diameter 80mm,.
First coaxial probe (7) uses 50 ohm coaxial lines, with the second coaxial probe (9) design in the same cross section position
It sets, groove (10) are designed in the boundary of the first coaxial probe (7) and the second coaxial probe (9), to guarantee that two linear polarizations pass
The consistency of defeated phase.
Spinal meninges piece (5) carries out chamfering amendment with a thickness of 16mm, to four ridge sections, is embedded in the part of four ridge circular waveguides (3)
Spacing is 4mm.
Four ridge orthomode coupler of a kind of L-band of the present invention, working frequency 1-2GHz are used for radio telescope
L-band receiver system.The orthomode coupler is designed with reference to the maturation of quadruple ridged horn, using similar amendment type index
Gradient ramp loads spinal meninges piece (5) and coaxial excitation structure, and radio telescope it is expected that received L-band signal is led to by circular waveguide
Four Ridge Waveguide Transitions are crossed to 50 ohm coaxial output ports.The wave mode that the orthomode coupler is fed in four ridge circular waveguides (3) is pure
Degree is high, and four Ridge Waveguide Transitions sections and circular waveguide have good impedance matching, and circular waveguide itself does not generate higher mode.
Circular waveguide (1) bore is designed by lowest operating frequency, and taking lowest calibre is 194mm, it is contemplated that existing test
The size of load, final diameter of choosing is 293.4mm.
The four ridge waveguides gradual change transformation segment (2) is for ensuring the transmission of four ridge circular waveguide (3) main moulds to circular waveguide main mould.
There are many modes for impedance transformation, such as exponential fade type impedance transformation, hyperbola gradation type impedance transformation, the resistance of Chebyshev's gradation type
Resistance changes.The frequency band of amendment type exponential fade type impedance transformation is very wide, it is easy to realize octave.Spinal meninges piece (5) is in circle
Cone changeover portion part changes according to exponential type, to guarantee impedance from 50 ohm of feeding point to the smooth change of circular waveguide mouth face impedance
It changes.The form of index impedance transition mechanism can indicate are as follows:
Y (z)=AeKzSimplification of+the Cz (1) in view of design and processing, four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments (2) selection straight line
Pyramid type outer rim.(1) in formula, the research achievement of A=d/2, correction factor C with reference to quadruple ridged horn, value 0.02, parameter K=
ln((D/2-C*L)/A)/L.Wherein, ridge waveguide spacing d is 4mm, and circular waveguide bore D is 293.4mm, four ridge waveguide gradual changes conversion
Section (2) length L is 640mm, referring to Fig. 5.
Four ridges circular waveguide (3) characteristic impedance is set as 50 ohm, matches with 50 ohm coaxial cables feed.Four ridges
Circular waveguide bore can be found out preliminary parameters by formula M=KcD/2, Kc=2 π/λ c in formula, be the cut-off of four ridge circular waveguides (3)
The transmission of frequency.In view of the characteristic impedance of coaxial line is 50 ohm, therefore the characteristic impedance of four ridge circular waveguides (3) to the greatest extent may be used
It can select between 50-100 ohm, for the four ridges circular waveguide (3) in s/D=0.125, four ridge spacing take (D-d)/D=0.8, M
About 1.1.When lowest operating frequency is 1.0GHz, four ridge circular waveguide (3) outside diameters at least require to reach 110 millimeters.Four ridges
The thickness the big more is conducive to the transmission of wave, but cross polarization can be made to be deteriorated.In order to enable the characteristic impedance of four ridge circular waveguides (3)
Reach 50-100 ohms, it is necessary to reduce four ridge spacing, and chamfering amendment is carried out to four ridge sections in structure design, guarantee
It is not in the phenomenon that interfering with each other in four spinal meninges piece (5) structures.Final choice four ridge circular waveguide (3) outer rim bore is
136mm, ridge spacing are 4mm, and ridge is with a thickness of 16mm, referring to Fig. 6.
Short circuit back chamber (4) and coaxial probe (7), when using coaxial feeding, the probe of feed must be passed through vertically
It is through at spinal meninges piece (5) center, so that electric field central between ridge is most strong, inhibits higher mode to the maximum extent.Referring to Fig. 7, A, B sections are
Four ridge circular waveguide (3) sections carry on the back chamber (4) A to from feed from short circuit, this section is four straight ridge waveguides, its effect is to filter out wave
Lead the interior higher mode motivated.Feed placement is located at four ridge circular waveguide (3) centers, using 50 ohm of coaxial lines to four
Ridge circular waveguide (3) feed, feed head realize that the outer conductor of coaxial line and the side wall of waveguide are electric using N-50K coaxial electrical cable end
The probe of contact, inner conductor and adapter is in electrical contact, and probe is extend into waveguide cavity by the intracorporal cylinder air chamber of ridge and formed
One monopole radiator.Since the impedance of common waveguide is much larger than the impedance of coaxial line, probe must be terminated far from wave
The place of guide wall, to prevent mismatch, and the impedance of four ridge circular waveguides (3) is consistent with the impedance of coaxial line, so probe is necessary
It connects on opposite ridge in favor of matching.The first coaxial probe (7) and the second coaxial probe (9) of the OMT is designed same
In cross-section location, to prevent from interfering between two probes, referring to Fig. 8, the first coaxial probe (7) and the second coaxial probe
(9) groove (10) have been done in intersection to handle, can have guaranteed the consistency of two linear polarization transmission phases in this way.Short circuit back chamber
(4) have a great impact to standing wave, directly affect the transmission performance of wave.There are many types for the form of back chamber, and there are commonly hemisphere
Type, pyramid type, stepped ramp type.Specifically using what type of back chamber depending on standing wave match condition, present invention employs pyramid types
Short circuit back chamber (4), provides main mould impedance matching, obtains more excellent standing wave performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is four ridge orthomode coupler overall structure figure of L-band of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circular waveguide location drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segment structure charts of the invention；
Fig. 4 is present invention short circuit back chamber and coaxial probe structure chart；
Fig. 5 is four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segment index transition line charts of the invention；
Fig. 6 is four ridge circular waveguide sectional views of the invention；
Fig. 7 is four ridge circular waveguide segment structure figures of the invention；
Fig. 8 is coaxial probe of the present invention and groove structure figure；
Fig. 9 is four ridge orthomode coupler reflection loss simulation result diagrams of the invention；
Figure 10 is four ridge orthomode coupler interport isolation simulation result diagrams of the invention；
Figure 11 is four ridge orthomode coupler linear polarization axis outlet of the invention, 6 reflection loss measured drawing；
Figure 12 is four ridge orthomode coupler linear polarization axis outlet of the invention, 8 reflection loss measured drawing；
Figure 13 is four ridge orthomode coupler interport isolation measured drawings of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
Four ridge orthomode coupler of a kind of L-band of the present invention, the orthomode coupler working frequency range are 1-
2GHz is a Prediction by Modified Index Curve transition ridge diaphragm-type orthomode coupler, is applied to radio telescope L-band receiver system
System, the orthomode coupler is by circular waveguide, four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments, four ridge circular waveguides, spinal meninges piece, short circuit back chamber, first
Coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe composition, wherein 1 bore of circular waveguide is 293.4mm, length 30mm, four ridge waveguide gradual changes turn
Changing 2 length of section is 640mm, is 293.4mm with 1 junction bore of circular waveguide, is 136mm with four ridge circular waveguides, 3 junction bore,
Four ridge circular waveguides, 3 outer rim bore is 136mm, length 40mm, and short circuit back chamber 4 is cone, and circular cone top surface diameter is 48mm,
Basal diameter is 80mm, is highly 30mm, one end of circular waveguide 1 and four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments 2 in succession, four ridge waveguide gradual changes
2 other end of transformation segment is connect with four ridge circular waveguides 3, and the other end of four ridge circular waveguides 3 is connect with short circuit back chamber 4, and spinal meninges piece 5 is embedded in
Inside four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments 2 and four ridge circular waveguides 3, the first coaxial probe 7 passes through 5 to four ridge circular waveguide 3 of spinal meninges piece
At center；First coaxial probe 7 uses 50 ohm coaxial lines, with the design of the second coaxial probe 9 in the same cross-section location,
The intersection of first coaxial probe 7 and the second coaxial probe 9 designs groove 10, to guarantee the one of two linear polarization transmission phases
Cause property；Spinal meninges piece 5 carries out chamfering amendment with a thickness of 16mm, to four ridge sections, and the part spacing for being embedded in four ridge circular waveguides 3 is
4mm。
In use process, referring to Fig. 1, signal through 1 to four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segment 2 of circular waveguide inside, through spinal meninges piece 5 pass
It transports at the coaxial probe 7 of four ridge circular waveguides, 3 center, then is finally completed signal transmission through linear polarization axis outlet 8；
It will calculate after each building block splicing of four ridge orthomode couplers in HFSS electromagnetic simulation software, counted in optimization
Found during calculating, to standing wave be affected there are two factor: (1) length of four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments；(2) four ridge ripples
The shape and size of chamber are carried on the back in the structure of guiding coaxial converter, such as the position of probe, short circuit.By optimization, four ridge orthogonal mode couplings
The standing wave of clutch is better than -20dB, and the isolation of two linear polarization ports is greater than 28dB, and simulation result is referring to Fig. 9 and Figure 10；
Portable vector network analyzer 8363 is found using peace in actual measurement, it is wide using the L frequency range of sundry item feed
Frequency band corrugated horn tests frequency range 0.8-2.4GHz as test load.Referring to Figure 11-13, linear polarization coaxially goes out test result
Reflection loss≤- 18.9dB of mouth 6, reflection loss≤- 19.7dB of linear polarization axis outlet 8, two-port isolation≤-
25dB, high-order mode resonance frequency 810MHz, 968MHz.
Four ridge orthomode coupler of a kind of L-band of the present invention, actual measurement and the reflection loss of simulation result and every
It substantially coincide from degree plots changes, performance indexes has reached the set goal, and actual measured results are in work frequency
It can satisfy requirement of engineering within the scope of band 1-2GHz.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of four ridge orthomode coupler of L-band, it is characterised in that the orthomode coupler working frequency range is 1-2GHz, is one
Money Prediction by Modified Index Curve transition ridge diaphragm-type orthomode coupler is applied to radio telescope L-band receiver system, this is orthogonal
Mode coupler by circular waveguide, four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments, four ridge circular waveguides, spinal meninges piece, short circuit back chamber, the first coaxial probe and
In succession, four ridge waveguide gradual changes are converted for one end of second coaxial probe composition, circular waveguide (1) and four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments (2)
Section (2) other end is connect with four ridge circular waveguides (3), and the other end of four ridge circular waveguides (3) is connect with short circuit back chamber (4), spinal meninges piece
(5) four ridge waveguide gradual change transformation segments (2) are embedded in and four ridge circular waveguides (3) are internal, the first coaxial probe (7) passes through spinal meninges piece
(5) at four ridge circular waveguide (3) centers, wherein circular waveguide (1) bore is 293.4mm, and length is 30 mm；Four ridge waveguide gradual changes
Transformation segment (2) length is 640 mm, is 293.4 mm with circular waveguide (1) junction bore, with four ridge circular waveguide (3) junctions mouthful
Diameter is 136 mm, and length is 40 mm；Short circuit back chamber (4) is cone, and circular cone top surface diameter is 48 mm, basal diameter 80
Mm is highly 30 mm；First coaxial probe (7) uses 50 ohm coaxial lines, designs with the second coaxial probe (9) same
In cross-section location, groove (10) are designed in the boundary of the first coaxial probe (7) and the second coaxial probe (9), to guarantee two
The consistency of linear polarization transmission phase.
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| CN201611061092.XA CN106410355B (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | A kind of four ridge orthomode coupler of L-band |
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| CN201611061092.XA CN106410355B (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | A kind of four ridge orthomode coupler of L-band |
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| CN106410355B true CN106410355B (en) | 2019-11-08 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108428987B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃虹光电子有限责任公司 | 3CM I-shaped waveguide gradient impedance converter |
| CN109244622B (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2024-03-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Square four-ridge orthogonal mode coupler |
| CN109449554B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2024-02-02 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Novel butterfly oscillator orthomode polarization coupler |
| CN109786929B (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-10-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Corrugated groove four-ridge horn feed source |
| CN111525278B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-10-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Inverted ridge corrugated horn feed source antenna based on balanced feed |
| CN113097676B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-03-29 | 广东省蓝波湾智能科技有限公司 | Waveguide coaxial converter |
| CN114552183B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-06-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | X/Ku wave band radiator and implementation method |
| CN115764218A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-03-07 | 电子科技大学 | Ultra-wideband four-ridge waveguide |
| WO2024132123A1 (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2024-06-27 | Advantest Corporation | An antenna device and an automated test equipment comprising an orthomode transducer |
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| CN204857916U (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Four spine orthogonal mode couplers of frequency tripling |
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| CN204857916U (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Four spine orthogonal mode couplers of frequency tripling |
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