CN107887709A - A kind of dual polarization electromagnetic wave conversion apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of dual polarization electromagnetic wave conversion apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107887709A CN107887709A CN201711135344.3A CN201711135344A CN107887709A CN 107887709 A CN107887709 A CN 107887709A CN 201711135344 A CN201711135344 A CN 201711135344A CN 107887709 A CN107887709 A CN 107887709A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dual polarization electromagnetic wave conversion apparatus for being used for Ka frequency ranges " communication in moving " antenna.The dual polarization electromagnetic wave conversion apparatus includes common circle waveguide port, the first separation rectangular waveguide port, the second separation rectangular waveguide port, first mode matching transition section and second mode matching transition section, and two separate and vertical TE10 pattern electromagnetic waves are converted to when separating the output of rectangular waveguide port through the first separation rectangular waveguide port and second when can effectively the H11 moulds electromagnetic wave that antenna receives be inputted from common circle waveguide port.The simple in construction, small volume of the present invention, polarization conversion method are simple, and can realize mass processing and debugging, meet the design requirement of Ka frequency ranges " communication in moving " antenna system polarization conversion；The performance indications of product, which reach, simultaneously greatly improves, particularly electrical performance indexes.The present invention can also be widely used in polarization conversion application in a variety of mobile vehicle satellite communications such as vehicle-mounted, airborne and carrier-borne.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a polarized electromagnetic wave conversion method of an antenna in the field of mobile communication, in particular to a dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device for a Ka frequency band 'communication-in-motion' antenna.
Background
The dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device is widely applied to a dual-polarized antenna feed system, and particularly in a high-capacity communication system, the performance of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device directly influences the communication quality of the whole system. The dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device can separate and combine orthogonal modes in the same frequency band, thereby increasing the communication capacity of a communication system; dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion devices, which are often used for simultaneous transmission of two separate frequency bands at a distance, can also be designed for dual frequency operation.
The volume of the existing 'communication-in-motion' Ka dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device is generally about 130mm, and the polarization conversion mode is a direct impedance conversion mode, wherein the direct impedance conversion mode specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, the direct gradual transition from a public circular waveguide port to a square waveguide is gradually changed into a second separated rectangular waveguide port, and the electromagnetic waves are gradually changed into a required mode through the gradual change of the waveguide; secondly, a first separated rectangular waveguide port is led out by slotting the side wall of the square waveguide; finally, a groove is formed in the middle of the square waveguide to be internally provided with short-circuit metal, and the output performance of the path is determined by changing the position of the short-circuit metal; the direct impedance transformation mode is complex, has large volume, is difficult to produce in mass and has poor performance indexes of products, such as: the performance of the callback loss and the insertion loss directly affect the performance index of the whole antenna system, and particularly, the performance of the whole antenna system is greatly contributed. Based on the defects, the performance of the satellite communication system is always influenced, and particularly the performance index of the Ka frequency band communication-in-motion antenna system and the small integration of the system are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device for a Ka frequency band 'communication-in-motion' antenna, which can effectively promote the conversion of the polarization of electromagnetic waves and effectively solve the technical problems that the conventional 'communication-in-motion' antenna is complex in polarization conversion, too large in size, difficult to process and produce and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device comprises a common circular waveguide port 201, a first separated rectangular waveguide port 202, a second separated rectangular waveguide port 203, a first mode matching transition section 205 and a second mode matching transition section 206; the common circular waveguide port 201 is connected with the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 through a first mode matching transition section 205, the common circular waveguide port 201 is connected with the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 through a second mode matching transition section 206, and the common circular waveguide port 201 is respectively perpendicular to the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203; electromagnetic waves are input from the common circular waveguide port 201 of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device and output through the first separated rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second separated rectangular waveguide port 203 to form two signals which are independent and vertical to each other.
Further, the common circular waveguide port 201 is connected to an antenna system for inputting/outputting electromagnetic wave signals;
the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 is connected to the first transmitting/receiving device 3, and is used for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic wave signals;
the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 is connected to the second transmitting/receiving device 4 for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic wave signals.
Further, the device also comprises a square waveguide 204, an H-plane 90-degree curved waveguide 207 and a short-circuit surface 208, wherein the common circular waveguide port 201 is directly connected with one end of the square waveguide 204, the other end of the square waveguide 204 is connected with one end of the H-plane 90-degree curved waveguide 207 through a second mode matching transition section 206, and the other end of the H-plane 90-degree curved waveguide 207 is connected with the second separated rectangular waveguide port 203; the sidewalls of the common circular waveguide port 201 are connected to a short-circuiting surface 208 via a first mode-matching transition 205.
Further, the distance between the square waveguide 204 passing through the second mode matching transition section 206 is L1, the distance between the bottom of the common circular waveguide port 201 and the short-circuit surface 208 is L2, and L1 and L2 are calculated according to the following formula:
L1≈λ/2,L2≈λ/4
wherein λ represents TE mn Wavelength of mode electromagnetic wave, canResult in c =3 × 10 8 m/s is the speed of light,represents TE mn The frequency of the mode electromagnetic wave; EMW represents the sum of the modes of the respective electromagnetic waves within the waveguide cavity,representing all the combined modes of the TE mode electromagnetic wave within the waveguide cavity,representing all combined modes of TM mode electromagnetic waves in the waveguide cavity, wherein m represents half period number of x direction change; n represents the number of half cycles of the change in the y direction.
Further, the center lines of the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 are maintained in a straight line.
Further, the electromagnetic wave output through the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 must satisfy λ <2a, where λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave and a represents the dimension of the width of the rectangular waveguide, as two independent and perpendicular signals.
Furthermore, the two independent and vertical signals need to meet the requirements of the Ka frequency band communication-in-motion antenna systemWherein λ is c =2a is called cutoff wavelength, m represents the number of half cycles of the x-direction variation; n represents the half period number of the change in the y direction, a represents the width dimension of the rectangular waveguide, and b represents the narrow dimension of the rectangular waveguide; the first separationThe rectangular waveguide port 202 adopts a BJ220 standard waveguide, and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 adopts a BJ320 standard waveguide.
Further, when the signal is a master mode, the wavelength transmitted by the master mode must satisfy λ c20 <λ<λ c10 Where λ denotes the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, λ c20 Represents the cut-off wavelength, lambda, corresponding to the electromagnetic wave of TE20 mode transmitted in the waveguide cavity c10 Which represents the cut-off wavelength corresponding to the electromagnetic wave of the main mode transmitted in the waveguide cavity.
A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device which can be applied to a variety of mobile carrier satellite communications.
Further, the plurality of mobile carrier satellite communications include vehicle-mounted satellite communications, airborne satellite communications and ship-mounted satellite communications.
Has the advantages that: the invention improves the traditional dual-polarization electromagnetic wave conversion device, mainly reduces the conversion length to 50mm based on the impedance matching and mode matching methods, has simple structure, small volume and simple polarization conversion method, can realize batch processing and debugging, and meets the design requirement of polarization conversion of a Ka frequency band 'communication-in-motion' antenna system; meanwhile, the performance index of the product is greatly improved, particularly the electrical performance index, the return loss of the verification result is larger than 25dB, the insertion loss is smaller than 0.25dB through actual processing production and testing by using a vector network analyzer, the return loss is larger than 17dB and the insertion loss is smaller than 0.5dB compared with the return loss of the traditional structure, the return loss and the insertion loss are greatly improved, and the performance index of the whole antenna system is further improved. The invention can be widely applied to polarization conversion in satellite communication of various mobile carriers such as vehicles, ships, aircrafts and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device of fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a simplified electromagnetic wave mode diagram of each port of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device provided by the embodiment;
wherein: fig. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of a top view of a dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device and an electromagnetic wave mode of a common circular waveguide port according to an embodiment;
figure 3 (b) is a simplified schematic diagram of the electromagnetic wave mode of the first split rectangular waveguide port and the left side view of the dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device provided by the embodiment;
FIG. 3 (c) is a simplified diagram of the right side view of the dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device and the electromagnetic wave mode of the second split rectangular waveguide port according to the embodiment;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an application of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device in an antenna system;
fig. 5 is a mode distribution diagram of a main electromagnetic wave mode TE10 in a rectangular waveguide of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device provided by the embodiment.
In the figure: the antenna comprises a 1-antenna system, a 2-dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device, a 201-common circular waveguide port, a 202-first separated rectangular waveguide port, a 203-second separated rectangular waveguide port, a 204-square waveguide, a 205-first mode matching transition section, a 206-second mode matching transition section, a 207-H surface 90-degree bent waveguide, a 208-short circuit surface, a 3-first transmitting/receiving device and a 4-second transmitting/receiving device.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-4, a dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device is a three-port waveguide element including a common circular waveguide port 201, a first split rectangular waveguide port 202, a second split rectangular waveguide port 203, a first mode-matching transition section 205, and a second mode-matching transition section 206; the common circular waveguide port 201 is connected with the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 through a first mode matching transition section 205, the common circular waveguide port 201 is connected with the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 through a second mode matching transition section 206, and the common circular waveguide port 201 is perpendicular to the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 respectively; electromagnetic waves are input from the common circular waveguide port 201 of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device and output through the first separated rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second separated rectangular waveguide port 203 to form two signals which are independent and vertical to each other.
Further, the common circular waveguide port 201 is connected to an antenna for inputting/outputting electromagnetic wave signals;
the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 is connected to the first transmitting/receiving device 3, and is used for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic wave signals;
the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 is connected to the second transmission/reception device 4 for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic wave signals.
Further, referring to fig. 1-2, the system further includes a square waveguide 204, an H-plane 90 ° curved waveguide 207, and a short-circuit plane 208, where the common circular waveguide port 201 is directly connected to one end of the square waveguide 204, the other end of the square waveguide 204 is connected to one end of the H-plane 90 ° curved waveguide 207 through a second mode matching transition section 206, and the other end of the H-plane 90 ° curved waveguide 207 is connected to the second separated rectangular waveguide port 203; the side wall of the common circular waveguide port 201 is connected to a short-circuiting surface 208 via a first mode matching transition section 205.
It should be noted that fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device shown in fig. 1 in this embodiment, and the thickness of the thin metal wall shown in fig. 2 is a standing surface thickness, which is ignored in this embodiment, and the middle cavity is an electromagnetic wave propagation channel.
Further, the distance between the square waveguide 204 passing through the second mode matching transition section 206 is L1, the distance between the bottom of the common circular waveguide port 201 and the short-circuit surface 208 is L2, and L1 and L2 are calculated according to the following formula:
L1≈λ/2,L2≈λ/4
wherein λ represents TE mn Wavelength of mode electromagnetic wave, canResult in c =3 × 10 8 m/s is the speed of light,represents TE mn The frequency of the mode electromagnetic wave; EMW represents the sum of the modes of the respective electromagnetic waves within the waveguide cavity,representing all combined modes of TE mode electromagnetic waves within the waveguide cavity,representing all combined modes of TM mode electromagnetic waves in the waveguide cavity, wherein m represents half period number of x direction change; n represents the number of half cycles of the change in the y-direction.
Further, the center lines of the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 are maintained in a straight line.
Further, the electromagnetic wave output through the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 is two independent and perpendicular signals, which must satisfy λ <2a, where λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave and a represents the dimension of the width of the rectangular waveguide.
Further, the two independent and vertical signals need to meet the requirement of the communication-in-motion antenna in the Ka frequency bandWherein λ c =2a is called cutoff wavelength, m represents the number of half cycles of the x-direction variation; n represents the half period number of the change in the y direction, a represents the size of the wide side of the rectangular waveguide, and b is the size of the narrow side of the rectangular waveguide; the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 employs a BJ220 standard waveguide, and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 employs a BJ320 standard waveguide.
Further, when the signal is a master mode, the wavelength transmitted by the master mode must satisfy λ c20 <λ<λ c10 Where λ denotes the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, λ c20 Represents the cut-off wavelength, lambda, corresponding to the TE20 mode electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide cavity c10 Which represents the cut-off wavelength corresponding to the electromagnetic wave of the main mode transmitted in the waveguide cavity.
A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device which can be applied to a variety of mobile carrier satellite communications.
Further, the plurality of mobile carrier satellite communications include vehicle-mounted satellite communications, airborne satellite communications and ship-mounted satellite communications.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the first transmitting/receiving device 3 and the second transmitting/receiving device 4 are TE10 mode electromagnetic wave practical user application devices that are generated by the antenna system 1 after receiving the H11 mode electromagnetic wave and passing through the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device, and have two different frequency bands and orthogonal isolation from each other; according to different actual needs of users, users can customize the first transmitting/receiving device 3 and the second transmitting/receiving device 4, the first transmitting/receiving device 3 and the second transmitting/receiving device 4 are outsourcing devices, and the specific performance index is not in the discussion range of the present invention, therefore, the first transmitting/receiving device 3 and the second transmitting/receiving device 4 in the present invention are not described in detail in this embodiment. The antenna system 1 is a receiving and transmitting shared system, and two paths of signals generated after passing through the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device can be distributed according to the actual requirements of users, and can be used as receiving signals and transmitting signals.
The antenna system 1 receives a common circular waveguide port 201 of the conversion device from the dual-polarized electromagnetic waves to the dual-polarized electromagnetic waves, and after passing through the common circular waveguide port 201, the electromagnetic waves received by the antenna 1 are separated in a planned mode, and then reach a first separated rectangular waveguide port 202 and a second separated rectangular waveguide port 203; two modes, namely a TE mode and a TM mode, exist during transmission of electromagnetic waves in a waveguide, and in this embodiment, the TE mode is merely taken as an example for explanation, a polarization mode of receiving electromagnetic waves by the antenna system 1 is a transverse electromagnetic mode 11 (H11 mode), the signals are converted to a first separated rectangular waveguide port 202 and a second separated rectangular waveguide port 203 through a common circular waveguide port 201, and a transverse electromagnetic mode 10 (TE 10 mode) is output, and two paths of output electromagnetic wave signals are independent and orthogonal to each other, as can be seen in detail from fig. 2, a received signal of an antenna is converted into two paths of electromagnetic wave signals after passing through a dual-polarization electromagnetic wave conversion device, a pointing direction of an arrow in fig. 2 is a pointing direction of an electric field in the electromagnetic waves, and according to an electromagnetic wave theory, it can be known that a pointing direction of a magnetic field should be orthogonal to the electric field and a phase difference is 90 °.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device is a metal waveguide cavity, and the length of the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device in this embodiment is 50mm, and the height is 35mm.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the size of the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 is a1X b1, and the size of the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 is a2X b2, in order to satisfy the effective transmission of Ka band frequencies, the wide side and the narrow side of the rectangular waveguide, i.e., a1, b1, a2, b2 in fig. 1, can be determined by the following analysis.
Two modes, TE mode and TM mode, exist in the waveguide during electromagnetic wave transmission, and this embodiment is described by taking TE mode as an example. When the TE mode is transferred, i.e.The longitudinal component of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave being zero, i.e. E z =0, it is only necessary to discuss the longitudinal component H of the magnetic field for the longitudinal component z 。
The Maxwell equation plus the waveguide boundary conditions can be used to derive:
wherein: h z As a longitudinal component of the Z-axis of the magnetic field, H 0 To normalize the magnetic field component, k x Is the angular velocity, k, in the x-axis direction y Is the angular velocity in the direction of the y-axis,for the initial phase in the x-axis direction,the initial phase in the y-axis direction, and r is a propagation constant. Meanwhile, according to the transverse component, the longitudinal component can be used for representation, and the following formula can be obtained:
wherein: e x Electric field intensity in the x-axis direction, E y Is the electric field intensity in the y-axis direction, omega is the angular velocity of electromagnetic wave transmission, u is the magnetic permeability, k c The cut-off wavenumber, j is an imaginary constant,indicating that the Z-axis magnetic field component is first order partially differentiated in the y-axis direction,showing the first order of the Z-axis magnetic field component in the x-axis directionPartial differentiation.
Using the boundary condition that the tangential component of the electric field is zero at the four side walls of the waveguide, having
E y ＝0 x＝0、x＝a
E x ＝0 y＝0、y＝b
Bringing boundary conditions into equations 2 and 3, and determining k x 、k y 、Andis provided with
x＝0,E y =0, can be obtained
x＝a,E y =0, available k x a＝mπ
y＝0,E x =0, can be obtained
y＝b,E x =0, available k y b＝nπ
Wherein: a is the size of the wide side of the rectangular waveguide, b is the size of the narrow side of the rectangular waveguide, and m and n are integers.
And finally, obtaining a transmission equation of the electromagnetic waves in the waveguide:
E z =0 (formula 7)
Wherein H x 、H y Are each independently of E x 、E y Correspondingly, it is a standard representation of Maxwell's equations.
Wherein, the constraint conditions are as follows:
where m represents the number of half cycles of the change in the x direction; n represents the number of half cycles of the change in the y-direction.
In this embodiment, when m =1,n =0, the master mode is the master mode of two independent output ports of the present invention, i.e. the TE10 mode:
the real part solution in the engineering is:
wherein e is -jβz Represents the phase factor of the electromagnetic wave propagation and beta represents the phase shift constant.
Referring to fig. 5, a detailed field structure of the electric field and the magnetic field of the dual-polarized switching device is shown in fig. 5, wherein arrows in fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b) indicate the electric field operation condition, and fig. 5 (b) is a tangential view of fig. 5 (a). Fig. 5 (c) and 5 (d) show the magnetic field operation, wherein fig. 5 (d) is a top view of fig. 5 (c), fig. 5 (e) is a perspective view of the electromagnetic field distribution in the waveguide, and the arrows show the electric field operation and the loop magnetic field operation. From fig. 4, it can be seen that there are two different concepts of direction and magnitude of the field, the magnitude of the field is expressed in terms of the density of the lines of force, and there cannot be more than two lines of force at the same point; the magnetic force lines are closed forever, and the electric force lines are vertical to the boundary of the conductor; the electric lines of force are orthogonal to the magnetic lines of force.
Since r describes the propagation constant of the electromagnetic wave, r = α + j β, α being the attenuation factor and β being the phase shift factor; since the waveguide transmission line is considered as a lossless transmission line, α =0, and j 2 (ii) = -1, combined formula 10, and m =1,n =0 so thatWhile the phase factor of the propagation is e -jβz In (1), β needs to be a real number, and must satisfy β 2 ＝k 2 -k c 2 >, 0, or k>k c ，Omega is the angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave, and u =4 pi × 10 -7 N/A 2 ，(approximation), i.e. the TE10 mode to be transmitted must satisfy:for this definitionWherein λ c =2a referred to as cut-off wavelength; k is a radical of c Is the corresponding cutoff wavenumber.
Condition of TE10 single mode presence, when b&A is λ of m =1, n =0 c Maximum (or f) c Lowest), wherein f c Is λ c The corresponding frequency of the frequency is set to be,c＝3×10 8 m/s. The TE10 mode is called the primary mode (dominant mode), and in most transmission applications it is desirable to transmit only the TE10 mode, while other modes are attenuated and not transmitted. Therefore, the wavelength condition for TE10 mode transmission should satisfy:
λ c20 <λ<λ c10
wherein λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, λ c20 Which represents the cut-off wavelength corresponding to the electromagnetic wave of TE20 mode propagating in the waveguide cavity. In this embodiment, the master mode is the TE10 mode, so λ c10 Showing the cut-off wavelength corresponding to the transmission of the electromagnetic wave of TE10 mode in the waveguide cavity.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that, to meet the Ka band requirement of the operation of the present invention while ensuring the TE10 single-mode transmission, the cutoff wavelength is as follows:according to the two unrelated frequency bands of Ka frequency band 19GHz-21.2GHz and 29GHz-31GHz, the diameter of the public circular waveguide port is 10.00mm, so that the mode of electromagnetic wave transmission can be met, the first separated rectangular waveguide port 202 outputs TE10 single-mode electromagnetic wave signals of 19GHz-21.2GHz, so that the BJ220 standard waveguide can be selected: a1Xb1=10.668mmx4.318mm, and the BJ320 standard waveguide can be selected when the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 outputs a TE10 single-mode electromagnetic wave signal of 29GHz-31 GHz: a2Xb2=7.112mmX3.556mm, and the standard waveguide size can meet the TE10 mode electromagnetic wave single-mode transmission; as the BJ series standard waveguide is adopted, the product is easy to process and match to produce corollary equipment and test accessories.
In order to satisfy the small volume in this embodiment, there are many discontinuities when the common circular waveguide is connected to the square waveguide, the common circular waveguide is connected to the first split rectangular waveguide port 202 (a 1Xb 1) and the second split rectangular waveguide port 203 (a 2Xb 2), and when there is a discontinuity in the main mode in the transmission waveguide, the electromagnetic wave (EMW) mode excited by the main mode is a superposition of all possible higher-order modes, which can be expressed as:
in the invention, discontinuity and two orthogonal polarization modes appear symmetrically, and the mode combination excited by the main mode in the waveguide can be expressed as follows:
l1. Apprxeq.lambda/2, L2. Apprxeq.lambda/4 (equation 19)
Wherein λ represents TE mn Wavelength of mode electromagnetic wave, canResult in c =3 × 10 8 m/s is the speed of light,represents TE mn The frequency of the mode electromagnetic wave; EMW represents the sum of the modes of the respective electromagnetic waves within the waveguide cavity,representing all the combined modes of the TE mode electromagnetic wave within the waveguide cavity,all the combined modes of TM mode electromagnetic waves in the waveguide cavity are shown, and m represents the half period number of the change of the x direction; n represents the number of half cycles of the change in the y direction.
Through the above analysis, especially the analysis calculation of the formula 17 and the formula 18, the effective value of the distance L1=10.292mm of the mode matching transition section 206 of the second separated rectangular waveguide port 203 and the distance L2=5.632mm of the 90 ° bend waveguide of the h surface and the short-circuit surface 208 of the first separated rectangular waveguide port 202 can be calculated, and the effective value can be directly used for design verification, and through actual processing and production and testing by using a vector network analyzer, the echo loss of the verification result is greater than 25dB, the insertion loss is less than 0.25dB, and the production requirement of an actual product can be well met.
The common circular waveguide port 201 mainly receives the H11 mode electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave is respectively and independently output from the first separated rectangular waveguide port 202 and the second separated rectangular waveguide port 203 after being subjected to the formula conversion calculation and the corresponding physical mode matching structure.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device, characterized in that: the device comprises a common circular waveguide port (201), a first separated rectangular waveguide port (202), a second separated rectangular waveguide port (203), a first mode matching transition section (205) and a second mode matching transition section (206); the common circular waveguide port (201) is connected with the first separated rectangular waveguide port (202) through a first mode matching transition section (205), the common circular waveguide port (201) is connected with the second separated rectangular waveguide port (203) through a second mode matching transition section (206), and the common circular waveguide port (201) is perpendicular to the first separated rectangular waveguide port (202) and the second separated rectangular waveguide port (203) respectively; electromagnetic waves are input from the common circular waveguide port (201) and output through the first separated rectangular waveguide port (202) and the second separated rectangular waveguide port (203) to form two signals which are independent and vertical to each other.
2. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the common circular waveguide port (201) is connected with an antenna system and used for inputting/outputting electromagnetic wave signals;
the first split rectangular waveguide port (202) is connected with a first transmitting/receiving device (3) for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic wave signals;
the second split rectangular waveguide port (203) is connected with a second transmitting/receiving device (4) for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic wave signals.
3. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the single-mode waveguide fiber laser is characterized by further comprising a square waveguide (204), an H-surface 90-degree bent waveguide (207) and a short-circuit surface (208), wherein the common circular waveguide port (201) is directly connected with one end of the square waveguide (204), the other end of the square waveguide (204) is connected with one end of the H-surface 90-degree bent waveguide (207) through a second mode matching transition section (206), and the other end of the H-surface 90-degree bent waveguide (207) is connected with the second separated rectangular waveguide port (203); the side wall of the common circular waveguide port (201) is connected with a short-circuit surface (208) through a first mode matching transition section (205).
4. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as defined in claim 3, wherein: the distance between the square waveguide (204) and the second mode matching transition section (206) is L1, the distance between the bottom of the common circular waveguide port (201) and the short-circuit surface (208) is L2, and the L1 and the L2 are calculated according to the following formula:
L1≈λ/2,L2≈λ/4
wherein λ represents TE mn The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the mode,result in c =3 × 10 8 m/s is the speed of light,represents TE mn The frequency of the mode electromagnetic wave; EMW represents the sum of the modes of the respective electromagnetic waves within the waveguide cavity,representing all combined modes of TE mode electromagnetic waves within the waveguide cavity,all the combined modes of TM mode electromagnetic waves in the waveguide cavity are shown, and m represents the half period number of the change of the x direction; n represents the number of half cycles of the change in the y-direction.
5. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the center lines of the first split rectangular waveguide port (202) and the second split rectangular waveguide port (203) are maintained on a straight line.
6. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as defined in claim 1, wherein: when the electromagnetic wave is output through the first separated rectangular waveguide port (202) and the second separated rectangular waveguide port (203) to form two mutually independent and vertical signals, lambda <2a must be satisfied, wherein lambda represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, and a represents the width dimension of the rectangular waveguide.
7. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as defined in claim 6, wherein: the two mutually independent and vertical signals need to meet the requirements of a communication-in-motion antenna system in the Ka frequency bandWherein λ c =2a called cut-off wavelength, m denotes the number of half cycles of x-direction change; n represents the half period number of the change in the y direction, a represents the size of the wide side of the rectangular waveguide, and b is the size of the narrow side of the rectangular waveguide; the first split rectangular waveguide port (202) adopts a BJ220 standard waveguide, and the second split rectangular waveguide port (203) adopts a BJ320 standard waveguide.
8. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: when the signal is a main mode, the wavelength transmitted by the main mode must satisfy lambda c20 ＜λ＜λ c10 Where λ denotes the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, λ c20 Represents the cut-off wavelength, lambda, corresponding to the TE20 mode electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide cavity c10 Which represents the cut-off wavelength corresponding to the electromagnetic wave of the main mode transmitted in the waveguide cavity.
9. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the dual-polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device can be applied to satellite communication of various mobile carriers.
10. A dual polarized electromagnetic wave conversion device as defined in claim 9, wherein: the multiple mobile carrier satellite communication comprises vehicle-mounted satellite communication, airborne satellite communication and carrier-based satellite communication.
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| CN201711135344.3A CN107887709A (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | A kind of dual polarization electromagnetic wave conversion apparatus |
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| CN201711135344.3A CN107887709A (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | A kind of dual polarization electromagnetic wave conversion apparatus |
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| CN108646304A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-10-12 | 常州感通威视微波科技有限公司 | active imaging system |
| CN117117452A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Twisted waveguide for ridge waveguide interconnection |
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| CN108646304A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-10-12 | 常州感通威视微波科技有限公司 | active imaging system |
| CN108646304B (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2024-03-12 | 常州感通威视微波科技有限公司 | Active imaging system |
| CN117117452A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Twisted waveguide for ridge waveguide interconnection |
| CN117117452B (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-12-22 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Twisted waveguide for ridge waveguide interconnection |
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