CN106406417B - Maximum power tracking control method of time-controlled solar tracking support controller - Google Patents
Maximum power tracking control method of time-controlled solar tracking support controller Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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Abstract
The invention discloses a maximum power tracking control method of a time-control solar tracking support controller, which is characterized in that on the basis of a solar track based on an astronomical algorithm, namely on the basis of time control, maximum power searching is carried out, a maximum power point is found out, deviation between the maximum power point position and a time control position is recorded and used as calibration quantity of the time control track, and the time control track corrected by the calibration quantity can enable a solar tracking support to always run at the maximum power position. The invention can well meet the tracking requirement of high-power condensation and realize the purpose of high-precision tracking, thereby enabling the bracket to track the sun very precisely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of solar energy tracking control, a kind of time controlled type based on optimum control is referred in particular to too
Sun can track the maximum power tracking and controlling method of bracket controller.
Background technology
High concentration solar generating system is by parts such as power generation module group, tracking support, inversion boosting and communication monitoring
Composition, have the advantages that generating efficiency is high, production pollution is small, land utilization ratio is high, have been to be concerned by more and more people.Twin shaft with
Track support is made up of rotating mechanism, the controller of column, rack, level and pitch orientation.High power concentrator module is installed on rack
On, position of sun is decomposed into horizontal and two angles of pitching, control and drive of the horizontal and pitch rotation mechanism in tracking control unit
Dynamic lower drive high power concentrator module turns to position and the alignment of the sun, solar motion support in the horizontal direction and in pitch orientation
Also with moving with it and remaining face, sunshine vertical irradiation is made on module face.The characteristics of high concentration solar, will
Ask the tracking support tracking sun must be very accurate.
At present, tracking the control mode of support has time control, light-operated two ways.Time control is according to the geographical position where support
Put and calculate position of sun according to astronomical algorithm with the time and track；Light-operated to perceive position of sun by optical sensor, support exists
The sun is tracked under the guiding of optical sensor.Even if timed manner is realized simple but is influenceed position of sun calculating by support alignment error
Accurately can also there is tracking error.Light-operated mode tracks accurately in the case where daylight is relatively good, but is easily existed by sky cloud effect
Track blind area.
Both approaches can not all meet the tracer request of high power concentrator well.
The theory of optimal control is the core of modern control theory, requires certain performance of system for most in many cases
Excellent, this requires people all to go to be studied and be designed control problem from the angle of optimum control.Guiding theory is：First
Select a control law allowed so that controlled device is run by pre-provisioning request, and a certain performance indications is optimal value.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that it is an object of the invention to overcome prior art and deficiency, there is provided a kind of time controlled type based on optimum control
The maximum power tracking and controlling method of solar energy tracking bracket controller, the tracer request of high power concentrator can be met well, it is real
Existing high-precision tracking purpose, so that support can accurately track the sun very much.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the present invention is：Time controlled type solar energy tracking bracket controller
Maximum power tracking and controlling method, on the basis of the track of sun based on astronomical algorithm, i.e., on the basis of time control, do
Maximum power search, maximum power point is found out, and record the departure of maximum power point position and time control position, as time control rail
The calibrator quantity of mark, the time control track by calibrator quantity amendment can make solar energy tracking support operate in peak power position all the time
Put, its concrete condition is as follows：
It is defeated that solar energy tracking support total current by Hall current sensor changes into the measurable voltage signal of controller
Enter the analog quantity port to controller, then balance calibration precision and calibration number, make to do one in the every setting time of controller
Secondary maximum power search, and offset is stored, according to track demand, one day calibration point that store respective numbers, often
Individual calibration point includes height and two, orientation variable；And when carrying out maximum power search, it is the cross-shape search using optimization
Method：Solar energy tracking support first is run to a direction, while controller progress per second to current sample is multiple, if electric current
Become big and then write down maximum current and support angle and time, and as support motion updates iteration, until four direction is all searched for
Finish, untill solar energy tracking support motion is at maximum power point, now record the point and astronomical algorithm position of sun
Deviation, as calibrator quantity；Wherein, the optimization point of above-mentioned cross-shape search method is：What if controller obtained in one direction
Sample rate current continuously diminishes, and reaches setting number, then terminates search in this direction, to reach the purpose of fast search.
The iterative calculation is as follows：
Xk+1=Xk+dk
In formula, k is current iteration number, XkFor current alignment amount, dkFor departure, Xk+1For calibrator quantity next time；
During kth iteration, from known point, ask optimal along assigned direction.
The variable is tape symbol short data, storage can be achieved using EEPROM inside single-chip microcomputer, it is not necessary to outer
Add memory.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
1st, the inventive method is substantially the control mode that a kind of time control adds peak power calibration when work((i.e. combine), when
On the basis of control, by calibrating (operation is relatively easy) to peak power, can effectively solve completely inadequate by time control tracking accuracy
The problem of the problem of (mainly caused by alignment error, this is unavoidable), high precision tracking is realized, is had to generated energy more significant
Lifting.
2nd, the cost of installation light sensation is saved using the inventive method, saves the cost of debugging light sensation, and no light perception
Clean and maintenance is not needed, so as to advantageously reduce production cost.
3rd, can be very to large-scale photovoltaic plant, opto-thermal system due to the generating efficiency of each optoelectronic device can be improved
Big degree improves Solar use efficiency, is provided for production and living with how more stable clean energy resource.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-shape search method flow diagram of optimization.
Fig. 2 is the power of No. 33 test bracket peak power correcting travels.
Fig. 3 is the power of normal operation after No. 33 test bracket maximum power point calibration corrections.
Fig. 4 is No. 2 green source support powers.
Fig. 5 is that No. 34 test brackets power on the 4.6th (works as daily generation：86.7 degree).
Fig. 6 is that No. 15 test brackets power on the 4.6th (works as daily generation：88 degree).
Fig. 7 is to have the automatically controlled calibration power of peak power in the case of cloud.
For the bright tegmen in Qinghai 3# (being combined during work(), 4# (combine) support generated energy comparison diagram to Fig. 8 during light.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
The maximum power tracking and controlling method of time controlled type solar energy tracking bracket controller described in the present embodiment, its is basic
Thinking is：On the basis of track of sun based on high-precision astronomical algorithm (i.e. on the basis of time control), peak power is done
Search, finds out maximum power point, and records the departure of maximum power point position and time control position, the calibration as time control track
Amount, the time control track by calibrator quantity amendment can make solar energy tracking support operate in maximum power position all the time.Its is specific
Situation is as follows：
It is defeated that solar energy tracking support total current by Hall current sensor changes into the measurable voltage signal of controller
Enter the analog quantity port to controller.Balance calibration precision and calibration number, (10 minutes are to calibration essence to controller within every 10 minutes
The Balancing selection of degree and calibration number) maximum power search is done, and offset is stored, it can at most store 20 within one day
Individual 120 calibration points of hour, it can meet to track needs.Each calibration point includes height and two, orientation variable, and each variable is 2
The tape symbol short data of byte, i.e. each time point storage byte totally 4 bytes, 120 calibration points totally 480 bytes.
Storage can be achieved using EEPROM inside single-chip microcomputer, it is not necessary to extra memory, it is cost-effective.
When carrying out maximum power search, using optimum control as theoretical direction, using disturbance observation method as realization rate, such as scheme
Shown in 1, using the cross-shape search method of optimization：Solar energy tracking support first is run to a direction, while controller is to electricity
5 times per second of stream sampling, maximum current and support angle and time are write down if electric current becomes big, and as support motion renewal changes
In generation, all search for and finish until four direction, untill solar energy tracking support motion is at maximum power point, now record the point
And the deviation of astronomical algorithm position of sun, as calibrator quantity.Wherein, the optimization point of above-mentioned cross-shape search method is：If control
Continuous 10 primary current diminishes device in one direction, then terminates search in this direction, to reach the purpose of fast search.Adopt
Ask the iterative calculation of peak power as follows with mathematical programming approach：
Xk+1=Xk+dk
In formula, k is current iteration number, XkFor current alignment amount, dkFor departure, Xk+1For calibrator quantity next time；
During kth iteration, from known point, ask optimal along assigned direction.
Referring to curve shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, by analyzing the power curve of solar energy tracking support, illustrate the process of debugging
And tracking effect：
Green source 2 belongs to relatively good one (actual to be more than 1 with the ratio of theoretical power generation) in terms of generated energy, has
Referential.By power curve, it can be seen that, maximum power search process burr is small, few to the interference that generates electricity, and electric quantity loss is also few.
Power curve is smooth after normal tracking, consistent with the green source support power curve with light sensation.There are two pieces of moulds in view of No. 33 supports
Group needs to adjust, and performance number source support greener than No. 2 is lower slightly to belong to normal.
Usual solar energy tracking support can produce generated energy loss when doing MPPT search, by taking reality 2.1 days at that time as an example：
When doing MPPT search, power drop average out to 0.4KW, MPPT time, then a MPPT was brought less than 60 seconds
Generated energy loss is 0.4KW*60S/2/3600=0.0033KWH.Assuming that the maximum power tracing of 12 hours is at most done daily
6 times per hour, then maximum generated energy loss is 0.0033*12*6=0.24KWH.
Referring to curve shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, relatively seen by Fig. 5, Fig. 6：No. 34 supports are in maximum power search+time control
Mode control down, generate electricity as 86.7 degree, it is 88 degree that No. 15 supports control lower generate electricity in the mode of light-operated+time control.From song
Line can see No. 34 supports because lower limit position is higher, there is power generation loss sooner or later.It can to sum up show that both generated energy are suitable.
Curve shown in Figure 7, it will be seen in fig. 7 that under cloudy weather condition, no light perception is automatically controlled still can be accurate
Really search maximum power point to be calibrated, and accurately track the sun.It can reach the controlled level combined during light.Transported according to support
Market condition, the every 10 days search operations for carrying out a peak power are fixed tentatively at present.No. 34 support last time prover times are 5.14~
No. 5.15, No. 5.26 from 9:00 to 18:00 generating 69KWH, No. 15 supports are in identical period generating 67KWH.
It is shown in Figure 8, it can be seen that the generated energy inside the time of 9.16~9.3 two weeks, No. 3 supports and No. 4
Except one day below 1, other are ranged up to the ratio of support more all more than 1 than No. 4 supports of generated energy of No. 3 supports
4.7%, average 2.2%.Therefore, valid certificates control method of the present invention has more significant lifting to generated energy.
Remarks：1st, radiation stabilized when peak power alignment requirements is calibrated, the interference of outer bound pair search is reduced；2nd, throughout the year
Track of sun is different, and calibrator quantity is also different, therefore need to be calibrated according to seasonal variations；3rd, control method of the present invention is with accurate angle
Spend based on position, if there is the situation that position-sensing switch etc. changes angle and position correspondence of reseting, need to recalibrate；4th, real-time clock
Deviation influence whether tracking accuracy, it is necessary to assure real-time clock it is accurate.
Embodiment described above is only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and the practical range of the present invention is not limited with this, therefore
The change that all shape, principles according to the present invention are made, it all should cover within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the maximum power tracking and controlling method of time controlled type solar energy tracking bracket controller, first, using astronomical algorithm as base
On the basis of the track of sun of plinth, i.e., on the basis of time control, do maximum power search；It is characterized in that：Find out peak power
Point, and the departure of maximum power point position and time control position is recorded, as the calibrator quantity of time control track, by calibrator quantity amendment
Time control track solar energy tracking support can be made to operate in maximum power position all the time, its concrete condition is as follows：
Solar energy tracking support total current changes into the measurable voltage signal of controller by Hall current sensor and is input to
The analog quantity port of controller, then balance calibration precision and calibration number, make to do once most in the every setting time of controller
High-power search, and offset is stored, according to track demand, one day calibration point that store respective numbers, each school
On schedule comprising height and two, orientation variable；And when carrying out maximum power search, it is the cross-shape search method using optimization：
Solar energy tracking support first is run to a direction, while controller progress per second to current sample is multiple, if electric current becomes big
Maximum current and support angle and time are then write down, and as support motion updates iteration, all searches for and finishes until four direction,
Untill solar energy tracking support motion is at maximum power point, the deviation of the point and astronomical algorithm position of sun is now recorded,
As calibrator quantity；Wherein, the optimization point of above-mentioned cross-shape search method is：If the sampling electricity that controller obtains in one direction
Stream continuously diminishes, and reaches setting number, then terminates search in this direction, to reach the purpose of fast search.
2. the maximum power tracking and controlling method of time controlled type solar energy tracking bracket controller according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by, the iterative calculation is as follows：
Xk+1=Xk+dk
In formula, k is current iteration number, XkFor current alignment amount, dkFor departure, Xk+1For calibrator quantity next time；In kth
During iteration, from known point, ask optimal along assigned direction.
3. the maximum power tracking and controlling method of time controlled type solar energy tracking bracket controller according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by：The variable is tape symbol short data, storage can be achieved using EEPROM inside single-chip microcomputer, it is not necessary to outer
Add memory.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102434391A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-05-02 | 南京理工大学 | Improved MPPT (maximum power point tracking) control method based on initial rotation speed adjustment |
| CN103677064A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2014-03-26 | 摩根阳光公司 | Multi-dimensional maximum power point tracking |
| CN105589506A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Power tracking method and device and photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN105867516A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-17 | 成都信息工程大学 | Solar double-axis intelligent tracking control system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2390751B1 (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | Nxp B.V. | Maximum power point tracking method, photovoltaic system controller and photovoltaic system |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103677064A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2014-03-26 | 摩根阳光公司 | Multi-dimensional maximum power point tracking |
| CN102434391A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-05-02 | 南京理工大学 | Improved MPPT (maximum power point tracking) control method based on initial rotation speed adjustment |
| CN105589506A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Power tracking method and device and photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN105867516A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-17 | 成都信息工程大学 | Solar double-axis intelligent tracking control system |
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Effective date of registration: 20230712 Address after: No. 5, Xiangzhang Road, Shaoguan South China Advanced Equipment Industrial Park, Qujiang District, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, 512000 (South China Equipment Park) Patentee after: Guangdong Mingyang Smart Energy Co.,Ltd. Address before: Mingyang Industrial Park, No. 22 Torch Road, Torch Development Zone, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, 528437 Patentee before: REDSOLAR NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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