CN106405668B - 一种用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法 - Google Patents

一种用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法 Download PDF

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CN106405668B
CN106405668B CN201610790511.7A CN201610790511A CN106405668B CN 106405668 B CN106405668 B CN 106405668B CN 201610790511 A CN201610790511 A CN 201610790511A CN 106405668 B CN106405668 B CN 106405668B
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肖江涛
杨连会
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Xi'an Aohua Electronic Instrument Co ltd
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Xi'an Austrian Electronic Instrument Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • G01V5/04Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V5/08Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays
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    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法,该方法包括至少一个组合测量周期,该组和测量周期既包括用于记录处理井眼信息的快脉冲中子爆发周期,又包括用于记录地层信息的慢脉冲爆发周期。本发明采用可控脉冲中子发生器进行地层参数测量,不使用高强度的化学源,提高了测井仪器的安全性,满足了环境安全保护和人员健康防护的要求。通过精准控制中子发生器的中子爆发及测量时序,可以同时准确测量中子孔隙度、地层的岩石电子密度、地层热中子宏观捕获截面∑以及元素含量等参数。

Description

一种用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法。
背景技术
测井作为研究地球物理特性、测量地球物理参数的重要方法,在石油、天然气、煤、金属等矿产资源的勘探开发以及水文地质、工程地质等方面都有着广泛的应用。传统的补偿中子测井和密度测井需要使用连续发射高能射线的高强度化学放射源,在测井人员的身体健康以及测井环境的安全保护等方面都存在较大问题,极大地限制了测井技术的发展。
发明内容
为了解决传统的测井方法需要使用高强度化学放射源的技术问题,本发明提供一种用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是:一种用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法,其特殊之处在于:包括以下步骤:
1】控制中子发生器产生中子爆发;
2】每隔1μs测量一次中子、伽马射线计数(一个时间道),持续测量10次后关停中子发生器中子爆发;
3】每隔1μs测量一次伽马射线计数,持续测量40次后完成一个快脉冲周期;测得的50道中子、伽玛时间谱用于计算井眼流体Σ(热中子宏观捕获界面);
4】重复执行步骤1-3】,直至完成30个快脉冲周期;
5】控制中子发生器产生中子爆发;
6】每隔20μs测量一次中子、伽马射线计数(一个时间道),持续测量5次后关停中子发生器中子爆发;
7】每隔20μs测量一次中子、伽马射线计数,持续测量45次后完成一个慢脉冲周期;测得的50道中子、伽玛时间谱用于计算地层Σ(热中子宏观捕获界面);
8】重复执行步骤1-7】,直至完成48个慢脉冲周期;
9】每隔1ms测量一次活化伽马本地计数,持续测量5次后关停中子发生器中子爆发。完成一个完整的组合测量周期(125ms)。
中子爆发的产生与关停由中子发生器阳极高压的开启与关断来控制。
在中子爆发期和停歇期同时测量其中两个伽玛探头的脉冲幅度,累积成伽玛能谱,用于谱分析、化学元素分析等。
同时记录其中两个伽马探测器的中子爆发期总计数,比值用于计算地层密度,即中子伽马密度;其中两个热中子探测器记录中子总计数,比值用于计算热中子孔隙度和最佳热中子孔隙度等等。
本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明采用可控脉冲中子发生器进行地层参数测量,不使用高强度的化学源,提高了测井仪器的安全性,满足了环境安全保护和人员健康防护的要求。
(2)本发明通过精准控制中子发生器的中子爆发及测量时序,可以同时准确测量中子孔隙度、地层的岩石电子密度、地层热中子宏观捕获截面∑以及元素含量等等参数。
附图说明
图1为本发明中子爆发及测量时序示意图。
图2为本发明脉冲时序实现方式示意图。
图3为本发明中子发生器阳极高压开启控制时序示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法是通过精准控制中子发生器的中子爆发及测量时序来实现的。参见图1,该时序共包括三个部分。由于热中子随时间衰减存在着井眼贡献与地层贡献这个固有问题,设计的中子发射时序是这样的:组合包括用于记录处理井眼信息的快脉冲中子爆发周期,又包括用于记录地层信息的慢脉冲爆发周期。图1上部显示了一个50μs的快脉冲周期,其中中子爆发约10μs,每1μs测量一次伽马射线计数,共有50道计数。中间部分,经过30个快脉冲周期,共持续30×50μs=1.5ms,产生一个慢脉冲周期,共1000μs,其中中子爆发约100μs,停止900us,这段时间测量地层Σ,共50道计数,每道20μs,其中后40道是主要测量计算地层Σ窗,这样快慢脉冲周期组成一个长周期持续2.500ms。图1底部显示,经过48个长周期,即经过120.00ms,脉冲爆发停止5.00ms,这段时间用于测量地层的活化伽马本底计数,共5道,每道1.00ms。
该测量方法除用三个中子探测器,三个伽马探测器记录上述时间道计数之外,还同时实现其它复杂的测量:在长周期地层Σ时间窗内,分析伽马信号脉冲幅度,累积成俘获伽马能谱,用于地层化学元素分析;同时记录其中两个伽马探测器的中子爆发期总计数,比值用于计算地层密度,即中子伽马密度;其中两个热中子探测器记录中子计数,比值用于计算热中子孔隙度和最佳热中子孔隙度等等。
在连续地层参数测量的模式下,直接控制中子发生器靶压的方式将导致开启、关闭时间常数太长,因此本发明中控制脉冲中子发生器中子的爆发与停止是依靠控制中子发生器阳极高压的关断与开启的模式来完成,实现方式如图2所示。
参见图3,中子发生器的爆发是由阳极高压的有和没有控制的,而阳极高压的有无是由RSON、RSOFF、LSON、LSOFF四个控制脉冲控制的。由于场效应管,变压器等元件的固有时间常数的缘故,阳极高压脉冲宽度T需小于120μs,超过120μs的高压脉冲,每隔120μs再启动一个RSON脉冲。阳极高压脉冲后沿,为保证高压锐截至,同时启动高压泄放脉冲LSON。关断时间大于120μs的也必须每隔120μs启动一个LSOFF、RSOFF脉冲。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法,包括至少一个组合测量周期,其特征在于:每个组合测量周期包括以下步骤:
1】控制中子发生器产生中子爆发;中子爆发的产生与关停由中子发生器阳极高压的开启与关断来控制;阳极高压由RSON、RSOFF、LSON、LSOFF四个控制脉冲控制;
2】每隔1μs测量一次中子、伽马射线计数,持续测量10次后关停中子发生器中子爆发;
3】每隔1μs测量一次伽马射线计数,持续测量40次后完成一个快脉冲周期;
4】重复执行步骤1-3】,直至完成30个快脉冲周期;
5】控制中子发生器产生中子爆发;
6】每隔20μs测量一次中子、伽马射线计数,持续测量5次后关停中子发生器中子爆发;
7】每隔20μs测量一次中子、伽马射线计数,持续测量45次后完成一个慢脉冲周期;
8】重复执行步骤1-7】,直至完成48个慢脉冲周期;
9】每隔1ms测量一次活化伽马本地计数,持续测量5次后关停中子发生器中子爆发。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法,其特征在于:在中子爆发期和关停中子发生器中子爆发期间同时测量其中两个伽玛探头的脉冲幅度,累积成伽玛能谱,进行谱分析、化学元素分析。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法,其特征在于:在中子爆发期和关停中子发生器中子爆发期间同时记录其中两个伽马探测器的中子爆发期总计数,计算地层密度。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法,其特征在于:在中子爆发期和关停中子发生器中子爆发期间同时记录其中两个热中子探测器中子总计数,计算热中子孔隙度和最佳热中子孔隙度。
5.根据权利要求2所述的用于地层参数测量的中子爆发及测量时序控制方法,其特征在于:在中子爆发期和关停中子发生器中子爆发期间同时记录其中两个热中子探测器中子总计数,计算热中子孔隙度和最佳热中子孔隙度。
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CN113685167B (zh) * 2021-08-04 2023-06-02 中国石油大学(北京) 核测井方法、核测井装置和计算机可读存储介质
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