CN106405265B - Leakage cable on-line monitoring system - Google Patents
Leakage cable on-line monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106405265B CN106405265B CN201610353843.9A CN201610353843A CN106405265B CN 106405265 B CN106405265 B CN 106405265B CN 201610353843 A CN201610353843 A CN 201610353843A CN 106405265 B CN106405265 B CN 106405265B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/083—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in cables, e.g. underground
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/11—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks using pulse reflection methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leakage cable on-line monitoring system, which comprises a monitoring unit, a communication link and a network manager, wherein the monitoring unit performs information interaction with the network manager through the communication link, the monitoring unit adopts a monitoring host, the monitoring host comprises a radio frequency circuit module for transmitting radio frequency signals to the leakage cable, a signal receiving module for receiving the reflected radio frequency signals, a signal processing module and a circulator, wherein the signal processing module is used for judging whether the leakage cable has faults and the positions of fault points according to the reflected radio frequency signals, the output end of the radio frequency circuit module is connected with one end of the leakage cable through the circulator, the same end of the leakage cable is connected with the input end of the signal receiving module, the signal receiving module is also connected with the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is connected with the network manager through the communication link; the communication link includes a photoelectric conversion module and an electro-optic conversion module. The invention can accurately position fault points, has high monitoring precision and large monitoring range, and is suitable for monitoring leaky cables with various lengths and various frequencies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leakage cable monitoring for a rail transit wireless communication system, in particular to a leakage cable online monitoring system.
Background
The running quality of the wireless communication system of the special line for rail transit and passenger transport is closely related to the railway transportation organization and the running safety. Because the propagation of the wireless electromagnetic wave is limited in the tunnel, the communication is not smooth, so that the wireless communication system uses a leaky cable (hereinafter referred to as leaky cable) to cover a communication network, and the propagation of the wireless electromagnetic wave is not limited, so that the smoothness of vehicle-ground data transmission is ensured.
In the daily operation and maintenance of a wireless communication system network, the performance of a leaky cable system has an important influence on the safe operation of the wireless communication network. The failure of the passive device is a main problem in the whole radio frequency wireless system, the probability of occurrence of problems such as joints, jumpers, phase modulation heads, lightning arresters, direct current blockers and the like is the vast majority, the breakage, deformation and damage of a leakage cable, the loosening of an interface, water inflow and fog corrosion, the damage of an antenna, partial non-standardization in the installation process and the like affect the quality of a circuit. With the operation of the wireless communication system turned on, the joints, jumpers, phase modulation heads, lightning arresters and direct current blockers connected with part of leaky cables will start to enter the failure frequency period due to equipment quality problems or engineering installation problems.
Aiming at the fault problem of a leaky cable system, the prior solution mainly comprises off-line monitoring, a repeater with a monitoring function, transmitting-receiving type monitoring and passive on-line monitoring. The offline monitoring is carried out after the fault occurs, so that the online monitoring cannot be carried out, and the timeliness is poor; the repeater with the monitoring function does not have a positioning function, and the repeater needs to be retested after monitoring an alarm; the transmitting and receiving type monitoring is divided into transmitting and receiving, one set of system is provided with two devices, has high power supply requirements, cannot detect short tunnels of a single power supply and leakage cables at two ends of the tunnels, and has no universality; the signal transmitted by the leaky cable is passively monitored and extracted, the difficulty of extracting the signal is high, and the rate of missing report is high. In general, the online solutions commonly used at present are mainly divided into standing-wave ratio detection and master-slave monitoring, wherein the standing-wave ratio detection and master-slave monitoring are only used for alarming, positioning cannot be performed, and a professional technician is required to process faults, so that time is consumed and the system is inconvenient; the latter is to use two active devices to detect, and the detection result is greatly affected by outdoor temperature, and the false alarm rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-line leakage cable monitoring system which can accurately position fault points, has high monitoring precision and large monitoring range, and is suitable for monitoring leakage cables with various lengths and various frequencies.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the monitoring unit carries out information interaction with the network management through the communication link, the monitoring unit adopts a monitoring host, the monitoring host comprises a radio frequency circuit module used for sending radio frequency signals to the leaky cable, a signal receiving module used for receiving the reflected radio frequency signals, a signal processing module and a circulator, wherein the signal processing module and the circulator are used for judging whether the leaky cable has faults and the positions of fault points according to the reflected radio frequency signals, the output end of the radio frequency circuit module is connected with one end of the leaky cable through the circulator, the same end of the leaky cable is connected with the input end of the signal receiving module, the signal receiving module is also connected with the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is connected with the network management through the communication link; the communication link comprises a photoelectric conversion module and an electro-optical conversion module and is used for converting and transmitting the monitoring signals; the network manager is used for analyzing and displaying the data sent by the monitoring unit and sending a control instruction to the monitoring unit.
The monitoring host also comprises a signal combining module, the output end of the radio frequency circuit module is connected with the input end of the signal combining module through the circulator, the signal combining module is connected with one end of the leaky cable, the signal combining module is also connected with the input end of the signal receiving module through the circulator, and the radio frequency circuit module is also connected with the signal processing module.
The monitoring unit further comprises a monitoring jumper and a monitoring matching terminal, wherein the monitoring jumper is connected between the two sections of leakage cables in a bridging mode, and the monitoring matching terminal is arranged at the tail end of each leakage cable.
The network management comprises a data communication module, a real-time state module, an alarm management module, a data recording module, a configuration management module, a maintenance management module and a user management module, wherein signals output by the data communication module are accessed to the real-time state module and the alarm management module, data output by the real-time state module and the alarm management module are stored in the data recording module, signals output by the user management module, the configuration management module and the maintenance management module are also stored in the data recording module, and configuration signals and control signals output by the configuration management module and the maintenance management module are transmitted to the data communication module and are transmitted to the monitoring unit.
The system also comprises a field management unit, wherein the monitoring unit performs information interaction with the field management unit through a communication link, the output end of the field management unit is connected with the network manager, the field management unit is used for summarizing and uploading the data of the monitoring unit to the network manager, and simultaneously, the control instruction issued by the network manager is sent to the monitoring unit.
The monitoring units are provided with a plurality of monitoring units, each monitoring unit is provided with a unique number and an IP, and the plurality of monitoring units are connected with the site management unit in a star shape; the site management units are also provided with a plurality of sites, each site management unit is provided with a unique number, and the site management units and the network manager are also connected in a star shape.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The accuracy of the monitoring unit is adjustable, the monitoring accuracy can reach the centimeter level, and the monitoring accuracy is high;
(2) The detection signal used by the monitoring unit is different from the working frequency of the leaky cable, so that the normal work of the leaky cable is not influenced, the monitoring unit has a timing polling detection function, and is convenient for a user to use, and meanwhile, the power consumption of equipment can be reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged;
(3) The monitoring unit can monitor a plurality of leaky cables simultaneously, can monitor leaky cables of different sections by crossing the repeater, can reduce the number of the monitoring units, and reduce the cost;
(4) The special network management system is adopted, so that the fault point of the leaky cable can be positioned and analyzed, a fault device can be displayed, a basis is provided for maintenance among maintenance persons, and meanwhile, the network management system also has the functions of data storage and inquiry, so that technicians can conveniently check and analyze the fault condition of the leaky cable to formulate a perfect maintenance scheme;
(5) The monitoring system is suitable for monitoring the leaky cable and is also suitable for monitoring the antenna feeder system, and the practicability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a monitoring host according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a network management system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a networking of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a data transmission link according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of a data transmission link according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention comprises a monitoring unit, a field management unit, a communication link and a network manager, wherein the monitoring unit is in information interaction with the field management unit through the communication link, the field management unit is also connected with the network manager, the monitoring unit is used for generating a sweep frequency signal to be input into a leaky cable, judging whether the leaky cable has a fault and the position of a fault point according to a radio frequency signal reflected by the leaky cable, and transmitting fault information to the field management unit; the field management unit is used for summarizing and uploading the data monitored by the monitoring unit to the network manager and sending the control instruction issued by the network manager to the monitoring unit; the network manager is used for analyzing and displaying the data sent by the field management unit and sending out a control instruction according to the data monitored by the monitoring unit.
The monitoring unit comprises a monitoring host and a monitoring matching terminal, the monitoring host comprises a radio frequency circuit module, a circulator, a signal combining module, a signal receiving module and a signal processing module, the output end of the radio frequency circuit module is connected with the input end of the signal combining module through the circulator, the signal combining module is connected with a leakage cable, the signal combining module is further connected with the input end of the signal receiving module through the circulator, the output end of the signal receiving module is connected with the input end of the signal processing module, the signal processing module is further connected with the field management unit through a communication link, and the radio frequency circuit module is further connected with the signal processing module. The radio frequency circuit module generates a sweep frequency signal and sends the sweep frequency signal to the leaky cable, the signal receiving module receives the radio frequency signal reflected by the leaky cable, the signal processing module is used for judging whether the leaky cable has a fault and the position of the fault point, fault information is transmitted to the network manager through the field management unit, and meanwhile, a control signal issued by the network manager is transmitted to the monitoring host through the field management unit; the circulator enables the signal to be transmitted in a unidirectional annular mode, and the signal combining module is used for combining the signal reflected by the radio frequency circuit with the signal of the repeater; the monitoring matching terminal is arranged at the tail end of the leaky cable and used for absorbing radio frequency signals at the tail end of the leaky cable and preventing signal reflection from influencing detection results. The monitoring host and the monitoring matching terminal are respectively connected with the repeater, and the repeater is an existing device of the wireless transmission system and is not described again.
According to the characteristics of the leaky cable, for the leaky cable with perfect matching impedance, the signal sent to the leaky cable has the characteristic of completely transmitting zero reflection, and in practical application, when the leaky cable fails, the impedance of the leaky cable is not completely matched, and the signal sent to the leaky cable can be reflected to a sending end, so that the reflected signal is enhanced. The invention utilizes the detection of the reflected signal to judge the distance and the fault degree of the fault point.
When a signal processing module processes signals, in order to avoid the difficulty that integral calculation is very time-consuming, the method adopts a frequency domain processing mode to process, the frequency response characteristic of the detected leaky cable is convolved with the Fourier transform of an input signal according to the convolution principle of the Fourier transform in a frequency domain, then the convolution result is subjected to Fourier inverse transformation, standing wave ratio information of the detected leaky cable can be obtained after time domain information is obtained, and therefore threshold judgment is carried out on the leaky cable. Integration in the time domain is described by convolution in the frequency domain, and the step response characteristics can be calculated quickly.
The detection accuracy formula of the monitoring system in the invention is as follows:
wherein:
a, detecting precision;
c-speed of light;
v p -a velocity coefficient;
p-measuring the number of points;
Δf—sweep bandwidth.
The measurement range Z of the monitoring system is as follows:
when the monitoring unit monitors the leaky cable, the leaky cable is detected by receiving the returned sweep frequency signal, so the sweep frequency signal emitted by the monitoring host makes a round trip in the leaky cable, and the relation between the dynamic range and the alarm threshold and the monitored leaky cable length is as follows:
wherein:
d, the length of the monitored leakage cable;
z-the total length that can be monitored in meters;
hundred meters of loss of the X-leakage cable;
RL 0 -return loss value corresponding to standing wave ratio fault threshold.
Wherein, the relation between the return loss and the standing wave ratio is as follows:
wherein:
VSWR-standing wave ratio.
The process of processing the signal by the signal processing module has the prior art and is not repeated.
The field management unit comprises an equipment channel selection module and a control software module, wherein the control software module has an identification function, and can enable the network management unit and the monitoring unit to communicate through the equipment channel selection module by identifying the IP information of the monitoring unit and the network management unit.
In this embodiment, the monitoring unit is disposed in the repeater room, and the field management unit is disposed in the base station room.
The communication link comprises a photoelectric conversion module and an electro-optical conversion module, wherein signals sent by the monitoring unit are converted into optical signals through the electro-optical conversion module, then the optical signals are transmitted in a long distance through an optical cable, and the optical signals are converted into electric signals through the photoelectric conversion module to be accessed into the field management unit; the signal sent by the field management unit is converted into an electric signal through the electro-optical conversion module, then the electric signal is transmitted in a long distance through the optical cable, and the electric signal is converted into an electric signal through the photoelectric conversion module to be connected into the monitoring unit, so that loss can be reduced by using optical cable transmission, and long-distance transmission is realized.
The network management comprises a data communication module, a real-time state module, an alarm management module, a data recording module, a configuration management module, a maintenance management module and a user management module. The signals output by the data communication module are connected to the real-time state module and the alarm management module, the data output by the real-time state module and the alarm management module are stored in the data recording module, the signals output by the user management module, the configuration management module and the maintenance management module are also stored in the data recording module, and the configuration signals and the control signals output by the configuration management module and the maintenance management module are transmitted to the data communication module and are transmitted to the monitoring unit. The data communication module is used for completing data communication between all the monitoring units and the network manager, and periodically carrying out data interaction on the cable leakage information monitored by the monitoring units and the network manager, so that the data communication module is a bridge for interaction between the network manager and the monitoring units; the real-time state module is used for completing the recording and the export of the real-time information of the leakage cables monitored by all the monitoring units, and comprises the position information, the implementation alarm information, the leakage cable length, the alarm information and the user operation information of the monitored leakage cables; the alarm management module is used for completing the processing of alarm information, including sound alarm after alarm, alarm information confirmation, waveform of an alarm cable leakage link, fault devices corresponding to alarm points and the like; the data recording module is a network management database and is used for finishing recording and exporting alarm information, user operation information and the like; the configuration management module completes the initialization configuration of the network management to the monitoring unit, and comprises the basic attributes of the monitoring unit, such as serial numbers, IP, port numbers, kilometer sign information, scanning start-stop frequencies, scanning point numbers, time synchronization information, start-stop distances of the monitored leaky cables, hundred-meter loss, relative transmission coefficients and the like; the maintenance management module is used for completing the setting and maintenance of the monitoring network management, and can set an alarm threshold value, time polling monitoring time and the like of the monitoring system; the user management module mainly completes authority division, user addition, basic information modification, user statistics and the like of different user grades.
In the invention, N monitoring units are provided, n=1, 2, … …, N-1 and N, each detecting unit is provided with a unique number and IP, the N monitoring units and the field management units are in star connection, namely, the N monitoring units are all connected with the field management units through communication links, the field management units are provided with N, n=1, 2, … …, N-1 and N, each field management unit is provided with a unique number, the N field management units and the network manager are also in star connection, namely, the N field management units are all connected with the network manager, the data monitored by the N monitoring units are transmitted to the network manager, and the monitoring state can be checked in a monitoring room and a communication workshop.
Embodiment two:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 6, the monitoring unit includes a monitoring host, a monitoring jumper and a monitoring matching terminal, the monitoring host is used for generating a sweep frequency signal and inputting the sweep frequency signal into the leaky cable, judging whether the leaky cable has a fault and the position of a fault point according to the radio frequency signal reflected by the leaky cable, and transmitting fault information to the field management unit; in the field use, the leaky cables at the two ends of the repeater are independent, the monitoring jumper is bridged between the two sections of leaky cables, the monitoring jumper can reduce the number of monitoring hosts, and the cost is reduced; the monitoring matching terminal is arranged at the tail end of the leaky cable and is used for absorbing radio frequency signals at the tail end of the leaky cable and preventing signal reflection from influencing detection results.
The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the second embodiment includes a leaky cable jumper, and the other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
Taking GSM-R leaky cable as an example, avoiding the working frequency of the leaky cable, and selecting the scanning frequency which can well reflect the working state of the leaky cable, wherein the precision error is not more than 5 meters, configuring the scanning starting frequency 780MHz, the ending frequency 820MHz, the measurement point number 1033, the monitoring cable starting distance 0 meter, the monitoring cable ending distance 2000 meters, the speed coefficient 0.88, the hundred meter loss 2.20 and the three-level alarm threshold of 1.5, 1.8 and 2.0 respectively. The detection accuracy is:
the measurement range Z is:
according to the set parameters, when the alarm threshold value is 1.5, the return loss value is as follows:
dynamic range requirements:
the length of the monitored leakage cable is 2000 meters and is larger than that between two adjacent repeater stations, so the application scheme can refer to fig. 6, the leakage cables at two ends of the repeater stations are bridged through the monitoring jumper, and the distance of the monitored leakage cable is prolonged without affecting the connection mode between the repeater stations and the leakage cable.
The invention can accurately position fault points, has high monitoring precision and large monitoring range, is suitable for monitoring leaky cables with various lengths and various frequencies, is also suitable for monitoring antenna feeder systems, and has wide application range and strong practicability.
The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but can be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a leak cable on-line monitoring system which characterized in that: the monitoring unit is in information interaction with the network management through the communication link, the monitoring unit adopts a monitoring host, the monitoring host comprises a radio frequency circuit module for sending radio frequency signals to the leaky cable, a signal receiving module for receiving the reflected radio frequency signals, a signal processing module and a circulator, wherein the signal processing module and the circulator are used for judging whether the leaky cable has faults and the positions of fault points according to the reflected radio frequency signals, the output end of the radio frequency circuit module is connected with one end of the leaky cable through the circulator, the same end of the leaky cable is connected with the input end of the signal receiving module, the signal receiving module is further connected with the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is connected with the network management through the communication link; the communication link comprises a photoelectric conversion module and an electro-optical conversion module and is used for converting and transmitting the monitoring signals; the network manager is used for analyzing and displaying the data sent by the monitoring unit and sending a control instruction to the monitoring unit; the network management comprises a data communication module, a real-time state module, an alarm management module, a data recording module, a configuration management module, a maintenance management module and a user management module, wherein signals output by the data communication module are accessed to the real-time state module and the alarm management module, data output by the real-time state module and the alarm management module are stored in the data recording module, signals output by the user management module, the configuration management module and the maintenance management module are also stored in the data recording module, and configuration signals and control signals output by the configuration management module and the maintenance management module are transmitted to the data communication module and are transmitted to the monitoring unit.
2. The leaky cable on-line monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the monitoring host also comprises a signal combining module, the output end of the radio frequency circuit module is connected with the input end of the signal combining module through the circulator, the signal combining module is connected with one end of the leaky cable, the signal combining module is also connected with the input end of the signal receiving module through the circulator, and the radio frequency circuit module is also connected with the signal processing module.
3. The leaky cable on-line monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: the monitoring unit further comprises a monitoring jumper and a monitoring matching terminal, wherein the monitoring jumper is connected between the two sections of leakage cables in a bridging mode, and the monitoring matching terminal is arranged at the tail end of each leakage cable.
4. A leaky cable on-line monitoring system as claimed in any of claims 1-3, wherein: the system also comprises a field management unit, wherein the monitoring unit performs information interaction with the field management unit through a communication link, the output end of the field management unit is connected with the network manager, the field management unit is used for summarizing and uploading the data of the monitoring unit to the network manager, and simultaneously, the control instruction issued by the network manager is sent to the monitoring unit.
5. The leaky cable on-line monitoring system of claim 4, wherein: the monitoring units are provided with a plurality of monitoring units, each monitoring unit is provided with a unique number and an IP, and the plurality of monitoring units are connected with the site management unit in a star shape; the site management units are also provided with a plurality of sites, each site management unit is provided with a unique number, and the site management units and the network manager are also connected in a star shape.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107395459A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 | One kind leakage cable real time on-line monitoring system |
| CN109270409A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-25 | 广州开信通讯系统有限公司 | Leak cable fault point positioning method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110071741B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2023-09-26 | 厦门信同信息技术有限公司 | Leakage cable detection device utilizing repeater and detection method thereof |
| CN110273711B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-09-11 | 通号电缆集团有限公司 | Online monitoring method and system for drop of leaky cable lifting appliance |
| CN110275092B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-05-11 | 上海创远仪器技术股份有限公司 | Method for realizing fault positioning processing based on technology for overcoming cable characteristic overcompensation |
| CN110320446A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-11 | 国网重庆市电力公司江北供电分公司 | Power cable defect location and diagnostic method based on return loss spectrometry |
| CN110855322A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-28 | 天津七一二通信广播股份有限公司 | Railway leaky coaxial cable fault positioning and monitoring system and implementation method thereof |
| CN111562461B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-06-11 | 北京泰普科科技有限公司 | Monitoring device, method and system of communication cable |
| CN111812412A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-23 | 西安西电光电缆有限责任公司 | Device and method for rapidly detecting resonant point frequency of leaky cable |
| CN117220771A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-12-12 | 无锡亚冠微电子有限公司 | Leakage cable on-line fault monitoring system and method based on radio frequency technology |
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