CN106404608A - Lubrication interface sum frequency signal measuring device and method of measuring friction chemical properties - Google Patents
Lubrication interface sum frequency signal measuring device and method of measuring friction chemical properties Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002460 vibrational spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种润滑界面和频信号测量装置，其包括：一棱镜架位移调节机构、一棱镜架、一半球缺棱镜以及一可动球。所述棱镜架设置于所述棱镜架位移调节机构，所述半球缺棱镜设置于所述棱镜架，所述可动球可以旋转或摆动。所述棱镜架位移调节机构可以调整所述棱镜架的高度以及该棱镜架与水平面的平行度，进而调整所述半球缺棱镜的高度以及该半球缺棱镜与水平面的平行度，使所述半球缺棱镜与所述可动球相接触，所述可动球与所述半球缺棱镜构成一对摩擦副。另外，本发明还涉及一种在线测量润滑界面摩擦化学性能的方法。
The invention relates to a lubricating interface and frequency signal measuring device, which comprises: a prism frame displacement adjustment mechanism, a prism frame, a hemispherical missing prism and a movable ball. The prism holder is arranged on the displacement adjustment mechanism of the prism holder, the hemispherical missing prism is arranged on the prism holder, and the movable ball can rotate or swing. The prism frame displacement adjustment mechanism can adjust the height of the prism frame and the parallelism between the prism frame and the horizontal plane, and then adjust the height of the hemispherical missing prism and the parallelism between the hemispherical missing prism and the horizontal plane, so that the hemispherical missing prism The prism is in contact with the movable ball, and the movable ball and the hemispherical missing prism form a pair of friction pairs. In addition, the invention also relates to a method for measuring the tribochemical properties of the lubricated interface on-line.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种实验装置和方法，尤其涉及一种润滑界面条件下摩擦过程的和频信号在线测量装置以及测量润滑界面摩擦化学性能的方法。The invention relates to an experimental device and method, in particular to an on-line measurement device for a sum-frequency signal of a friction process under lubricating interface conditions and a method for measuring tribochemical properties of a lubricating interface.
背景技术Background technique
界面现象与自然界密切相关，界面研究与许多物理化学问题联系紧密，界面研究被运用在在材料科学、物理化学、分析化学、高分子化学、环境保护和石油化工等领域。润滑界面在摩擦过程中界面分子会发生化学变化，摩擦过程对于界面研究具有重要的意义。目前已经存在一些界面研究手段，如力学、光学、电化学方法，以及粒子散射、X射线衍射技术等，这些方法大多需要在真空条件下进行，而且需要改变样品表面状态，力学方法如表面张力、接触角测量，虽然能够了解气液界面和固液界面的宏观性质，但是得不到它们的微观分子信息。以上的实验技术受到各种不同条件的制约，而和频振动光谱作为非线性光学方法，具有独特的界面选择性和界面单分子层灵敏性，利于分析测量信号得到界面分子信息。Interface phenomena are closely related to nature, and interface research is closely related to many physical and chemical problems. Interface research is applied in the fields of material science, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, polymer chemistry, environmental protection and petrochemical industry. During the friction process of the lubricated interface, the interface molecules will undergo chemical changes, and the friction process is of great significance to the study of the interface. At present, there are some interface research methods, such as mechanical, optical, electrochemical methods, particle scattering, X-ray diffraction techniques, etc. Most of these methods need to be carried out under vacuum conditions, and need to change the surface state of the sample. Mechanical methods such as surface tension, Although the contact angle measurement can understand the macroscopic properties of the gas-liquid interface and solid-liquid interface, it cannot obtain their microscopic molecular information. The above experimental techniques are restricted by various conditions. As a nonlinear optical method, sum-frequency vibration spectroscopy has unique interface selectivity and interface monolayer sensitivity, which is beneficial to analyze measurement signals to obtain interface molecular information.
和频振动光谱可以通过对光强、相位、偏振的测量给出分子在界面的取向、界面分子密度、分子振动峰模式归属以及动力学等方面的信息。但和频信号十分微弱，需要设计一种实验装置，用于测量润滑界面条件下摩擦过程的和频信号。Sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy can give information on the orientation of molecules at the interface, the molecular density at the interface, the assignment of molecular vibrational peak modes, and dynamics through the measurement of light intensity, phase, and polarization. However, the sum-frequency signal is very weak, and it is necessary to design an experimental device for measuring the sum-frequency signal of the friction process under lubricated interface conditions.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，确有必要提供一种测量动态系统中和频信号的装置以及测量润滑界面摩擦化学性能的方法。In view of this, it is indeed necessary to provide a device for measuring the sum-frequency signal in a dynamic system and a method for measuring the tribochemical properties of the lubricated interface.
一种润滑界面和频信号测量装置，其包括：一棱镜架位移调节机构、一棱镜架、一半球缺棱镜以及一可动球。所述棱镜架设置于所述棱镜架位移调节机构，所述半球缺棱镜设置于所述棱镜架，所述可动球可以旋转或摆动。所述棱镜架位移调节机构可以调整所述棱镜架的高度以及该棱镜架与水平面的平行度，进而调整所述半球缺棱镜的高度以及该半球缺棱镜与水平面的平行度，使所述半球缺棱镜与所述可动球相接触，所述可动球与所述半球缺棱镜构成一对摩擦副。A lubricating interface and frequency signal measuring device, which includes: a prism frame displacement adjustment mechanism, a prism frame, a hemispherical missing prism and a movable ball. The prism holder is arranged on the displacement adjustment mechanism of the prism holder, the hemispherical missing prism is arranged on the prism holder, and the movable ball can rotate or swing. The prism frame displacement adjustment mechanism can adjust the height of the prism frame and the parallelism between the prism frame and the horizontal plane, and then adjust the height of the hemispherical missing prism and the parallelism between the hemispherical missing prism and the horizontal plane, so that the hemispherical missing prism The prism is in contact with the movable ball, and the movable ball and the hemispherical missing prism form a pair of friction pairs.
一种测量摩擦化学性能的方法，其包括以下步骤：提供一润滑界面和频信号测量装置，该润滑界面和频信号测量装置中球与半球缺棱镜形成一对摩擦副；和频系统的两束光分别从所述半球缺棱镜的圆周面垂直入射，会聚于所述半球缺棱镜和可动球的接触点，从而产生和频光；所述和频光经所述半球缺棱镜的圆周面垂直出射和后续反射镜反射后进入单色仪，用于分析摩擦过程中产生的化学变化。A method for measuring tribochemical properties, comprising the steps of: providing a lubricating interface sum frequency signal measuring device, in which a ball and a hemispherical missing prism form a pair of friction pairs; and two beams of the sum frequency system The light is vertically incident from the circumferential surface of the hemispherical prism, and converges at the contact point between the hemispheric prism and the movable ball, thereby generating sum frequency light; the sum frequency light passes through the circumferential surface of the hemispheric prism vertically The exit and subsequent mirror reflections enter a monochromator for analysis of the chemical changes produced during the rubbing process.
与现有技术相比较，本发明提供的润滑界面和频信号测量装置实现了摩擦过程中可动球与半球缺棱镜的精密接触；半球缺棱镜既提供了固定界面，又使光垂直入射，还保证了入射光在界面处的全反射，增强了光的能量从而增强和频信号；实现了摩擦过程中和频信号的在线测量。另外，本发明采用和频振动光谱方法，以红外光和可见光为入射光，两束光在润滑界面处重叠产生和频信号，具有独特的界面选择性和界面单分子层灵敏性，利于分析测量信号得到界面分子信息。Compared with the prior art, the lubricating interface and frequency signal measuring device provided by the present invention realize the precise contact between the movable ball and the hemispherical prism during the friction process; the hemispherical prism not only provides a fixed interface, but also makes the light incident vertically, and The total reflection of the incident light at the interface is guaranteed, and the energy of the light is enhanced to enhance the sum-frequency signal; the online measurement of the sum-frequency signal during the friction process is realized. In addition, the present invention adopts the sum-frequency vibration spectroscopy method, using infrared light and visible light as the incident light, and the two beams of light overlap at the lubricating interface to generate a sum-frequency signal, which has unique interface selectivity and interface monomolecular layer sensitivity, which is beneficial for analysis and measurement Signal to get interface molecular information.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施方式提供的润滑界面和频信号测量装置的立体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of a lubrication interface and frequency signal measurement device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施方式提供的润滑界面和频信号测量装置的俯视图。Fig. 2 is a top view of the lubrication interface and frequency signal measurement device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明实施方式提供的润滑界面和频信号测量装置的侧视图。Fig. 3 is a side view of the lubrication interface and frequency signal measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
图4是本发明实施方式提供的半球缺棱镜的立体结构的示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a hemispherical missing prism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图5是本发明实施方式提供的测量润滑界面和频信号的实验原理图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an experiment for measuring lubrication interface and frequency signals provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
主要元件符号说明Explanation of main component symbols
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合附图及具体实施例，对本发明提供的润滑界面和频信号测量装置作进一步的详细说明。The lubricating interface and frequency signal measuring device provided by the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
润滑界面和频信号测量装置包括棱镜架位移调节机构、棱镜架、半球缺棱镜以及可动球。所述半球缺棱镜设置于所述棱镜架，所述棱镜架设置于所述棱镜架位移调节机构，该棱镜架位移调节机构可以调整所述棱镜架的高度以及该棱镜架与水平面的平行度，进而调整所述半球缺棱镜的高度以及该半球缺棱镜与水平面的平行度，使所述半球缺棱镜与所述可动球相接触。The lubricating interface and frequency signal measuring device includes a prism frame displacement adjustment mechanism, a prism frame, a hemispherical missing prism and a movable ball. The hemispherical missing prism is arranged on the prism frame, and the prism frame is arranged on the displacement adjustment mechanism of the prism frame, and the displacement adjustment mechanism of the prism frame can adjust the height of the prism frame and the parallelism between the prism frame and the horizontal plane, Furthermore, the height of the hemispherical prism and the parallelism between the hemispherical prism and the horizontal plane are adjusted so that the hemispherical prism is in contact with the movable ball.
润滑界面和频信号测量装置的具体结构请参阅图1至图3，润滑界面和频信号测量装置1包括：棱镜架位移调节机构10、棱镜架11、半球缺棱镜12以及可动球。所述棱镜架位移调节机构10包括垂直位移调节平台13、竖向固定杆架14、棱镜架水平位移调节单元16以及高度调节旋钮17（图未示）。Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 for the specific structure of the lubricating interface and frequency signal measuring device. The lubricating interface and frequency signal measuring device 1 includes: a prism frame displacement adjustment mechanism 10, a prism frame 11, a hemispherical missing prism 12 and a movable ball. The prism frame displacement adjustment mechanism 10 includes a vertical displacement adjustment platform 13 , a vertical fixed rod frame 14 , a prism frame horizontal displacement adjustment unit 16 and a height adjustment knob 17 (not shown in the figure).
所述垂直位移调节平台13可以采用剪式升降台，手动带动该垂直位移调节平台13升降，当然也可以是其他形式的升降台，只要能实现该垂直位移调节平台13升降即可。The vertical displacement adjustment platform 13 can adopt a scissor lift platform, which is manually driven to lift the vertical displacement adjustment platform 13. Of course, it can also be other forms of lifting platforms, as long as the vertical displacement adjustment platform 13 can be lifted.
所述竖向固定杆架14包括第一竖向固定杆架141和第二竖向固定杆架142。所述棱镜架水平位移调节单元16包括第一平台161、第二平台162以及穿设于所述第一平台161并与所述第二平台162接触的多个旋钮163。所述第一平台161通过第一竖向固定杆架141设置于所述垂直位移调节平台13，所述第二平台162设置于穿设于所述第一平台161的多个旋钮163。所述第二竖向固定杆架142固定于所述第二平台162。所述高度调节旋钮17设置于所述第二竖向固定杆架142，可以调整所述竖向固定杆架14的高度。The vertical fixed rod frame 14 includes a first vertical fixed rod frame 141 and a second vertical fixed rod frame 142 . The prism holder horizontal displacement adjustment unit 16 includes a first platform 161 , a second platform 162 and a plurality of knobs 163 passing through the first platform 161 and contacting the second platform 162 . The first platform 161 is arranged on the vertical displacement adjustment platform 13 through the first vertical fixed rod frame 141 , and the second platform 162 is arranged on a plurality of knobs 163 passing through the first platform 161 . The second vertical fixing pole frame 142 is fixed on the second platform 162 . The height adjusting knob 17 is disposed on the second vertical fixed rod frame 142 to adjust the height of the vertical fixed rod frame 14 .
所述棱镜架11由第一棱镜架110和第二棱镜架111组成，所述第一棱镜架110包括第一横向杆架112，第一固定装置113以及第一锁紧装置114，该第一固定装置113设置于所述第一横向杆架112的一端，该第一横向杆架112的另一端通过第一锁紧装置114固定于所述第二竖向固定杆架142。所述第二棱镜架111包括第二横向杆架115，第二固定装置116以及第二锁紧装置117，该第二固定装置116设置于所述第二横向杆架115的一端，该第二横向杆架115的另一端通过第二锁紧装置117固定于所述第二竖向固定杆架142。并且，所述第一固定装置113和第二固定装置116在竖直方向相对设置，用于将所述半球缺棱镜12固定在其中。所述第一棱镜架110和第二棱镜架111在所述第二竖向固定杆架142的位置可调，所以，通过该棱镜架11可以夹持大小不同的半球缺棱镜12。The prism frame 11 is composed of a first prism frame 110 and a second prism frame 111, the first prism frame 110 includes a first transverse rod frame 112, a first fixing device 113 and a first locking device 114, the first The fixing device 113 is disposed at one end of the first horizontal rod frame 112 , and the other end of the first horizontal rod frame 112 is fixed to the second vertical fixed rod frame 142 through the first locking device 114 . The second prism frame 111 includes a second transverse rod frame 115, a second fixing device 116 and a second locking device 117, the second fixing device 116 is arranged at one end of the second horizontal rod frame 115, the second The other end of the horizontal rod frame 115 is fixed to the second vertical fixed rod frame 142 through the second locking device 117 . Moreover, the first fixing device 113 and the second fixing device 116 are vertically oppositely arranged for fixing the hemispherical missing prism 12 therein. The positions of the first prism holder 110 and the second prism holder 111 on the second vertical fixed rod holder 142 are adjustable, so the prism holder 11 can hold hemispherical missing prisms 12 of different sizes.
所述可动球由一个支撑装置支撑（图未示），具体的该可动球可以设置在三个陶瓷轴承上，由该三个陶瓷轴承支撑，且该可动球一端连接到连接轴，该连接轴连接到传动轴，该传动轴通过联轴器连接到电机。在所述电机的驱动下，所述可动球可以旋转或摆动。The movable ball is supported by a support device (not shown in the figure), specifically the movable ball can be set on three ceramic bearings, supported by the three ceramic bearings, and one end of the movable ball is connected to the connecting shaft, The connecting shaft is connected to the transmission shaft, which is connected to the motor through a coupling. Driven by the motor, the movable ball can rotate or swing.
通过调整所述垂直位移调节平台13、高度调节旋钮17或所述棱镜架11均可以调节所述半球缺棱镜12的高度，实现所述半球缺棱镜12与所述可动球的接触。By adjusting the vertical displacement adjustment platform 13 , the height adjustment knob 17 or the prism frame 11 , the height of the hemispherical missing prism 12 can be adjusted to realize the contact between the hemispherical missing prism 12 and the movable ball.
所述半球缺棱镜12通过所述第一固定装置113和第二固定装置116固定，通过调整穿设于所述第一平台161的多个旋钮163中的某些旋钮163可以调整所述第二平台162与水平面的平行度，进而调节所述半球缺棱镜12的底面与水平面平行。The hemispherical missing prism 12 is fixed by the first fixing device 113 and the second fixing device 116, and the second fixing device 116 can be adjusted by adjusting some of the knobs 163 of the plurality of knobs 163 passing through the first platform 161. The parallelism between the platform 162 and the horizontal plane further adjusts the bottom surface of the hemispherical missing prism 12 to be parallel to the horizontal plane.
通过控制所述润滑界面和频信号测量装置1可以实现所述可动球与所述半球缺棱镜12相接触，在电机转动后带动所述可动球旋转或摆动，可动球与所述半球缺棱镜12的下表面构成一对摩擦副。By controlling the lubricating interface and the frequency signal measuring device 1, the movable ball is in contact with the hemispherical prism 12, and after the motor rotates, the movable ball is driven to rotate or swing, and the movable ball and the hemispherical The lower surface of the missing prism 12 constitutes a pair of friction pairs.
所述半球缺棱镜12是自行设计加工的半球缺石英棱镜。请一并参阅图4，所谓半球缺棱镜12即一个半球棱镜的顶部被平面截下后的棱镜。所述半球缺棱镜12包括上表面、下表面以及设置于所述上表面和下表面之间的圆周面。所述上表面和下表面可以平行也可以不平行。优选地，所述上表面和下表面平行，且上表面和下表面的直径比例为1：2。所述第一固定装置113和第二固定装置116分别与所述上表面和下表面接触，将所述半球缺棱镜12夹持其中。The hemispherical missing prism 12 is a self-designed and processed hemispherical missing quartz prism. Please also refer to FIG. 4 , the so-called hemispherical missing prism 12 is a prism in which the top of a hemispherical prism is cut off by a plane. The hemispherical missing prism 12 includes an upper surface, a lower surface and a circumferential surface disposed between the upper surface and the lower surface. The upper surface and the lower surface may be parallel or non-parallel. Preferably, the upper surface and the lower surface are parallel, and the diameter ratio of the upper surface and the lower surface is 1:2. The first fixing device 113 and the second fixing device 116 are in contact with the upper surface and the lower surface respectively, and clamp the hemispherical missing prism 12 therein.
可以理解，所述润滑界面和频信号测量装置1可以进一步包括一显微镜19，该显微镜19方便观察光点的重合。It can be understood that the lubricating interface and frequency signal measuring device 1 may further include a microscope 19, which is convenient for observing the coincidence of light spots.
本发明实施例还提供一种在线测量润滑界面摩擦化学性能的方法。The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for online measurement of the tribochemical properties of the lubrication interface.
首先，提供一种如前所述的润滑界面和频信号测量装置1。请参阅图5，以半球缺棱镜12和可动球18作为一对摩擦副，之间添加有润滑剂20。半球缺棱镜12的下表面平行于水平面放置，半球缺棱镜12和可动球18接触，然后启动电机，可动球18获得转速，可动球18和半球缺棱镜12之间产生摩擦。调节半球缺棱镜12和可动球18的位置，使半球缺棱镜12和可动球18正好位于红外光和可见光的会聚点。和频系统的红外光和可见光分别从半球缺棱镜的圆周面垂直入射，也就是说和频系统的红外光和可见光入射至所述半球缺棱镜的球心，即会聚于半球缺棱镜12和可动球18的接触点，同时两束光的光程差为0，保证时间上重叠。由此产生频率为两束光频率之和的和频光，通过半球缺棱镜12的圆周面垂直出射，之后经反射镜反射进入单色仪，用于实时分析摩擦过程中产生的化学变化。Firstly, a lubrication interface and frequency signal measuring device 1 as mentioned above is provided. Please refer to FIG. 5 , the hemispherical missing prism 12 and the movable ball 18 are used as a pair of friction pairs, and a lubricant 20 is added therebetween. The lower surface of the hemispherical prism 12 is placed parallel to the horizontal plane, the hemispherical prism 12 contacts with the movable ball 18, then the motor is started, the movable ball 18 obtains the rotating speed, and friction occurs between the movable ball 18 and the hemispherical prism 12. The positions of the hemispherical prism 12 and the movable ball 18 are adjusted so that the hemispherical prism 12 and the movable sphere 18 are just at the converging point of infrared light and visible light. Infrared light and visible light of the sum-frequency system are vertically incident from the circumferential surface of the hemispherical prism, that is to say, the infrared light and visible light of the sum-frequency system are incident on the center of the hemispheric prism, that is, they converge on the hemispherical prism 12 and can At the contact point of the moving ball 18, the optical path difference of the two beams of light is 0 at the same time, which ensures overlapping in time. The resulting sum-frequency light whose frequency is the sum of the frequencies of the two beams passes through the peripheral surface of the hemispherical prism 12 and exits vertically, and then is reflected by the mirror and enters the monochromator for real-time analysis of the chemical changes produced during the friction process.
在线测量润滑界面摩擦化学性能的方法的工作原理：润滑界面摩擦实验的化学性能表征，采用和频振动光谱方法，以红外光和可见光为入射光，两束光在润滑界面处重叠产生和频信号，测量和频振动光谱以分析摩擦过程中界面分子信息。当可动球18随着电机同轴转动，与半球缺棱镜12构成一对摩擦副，添加润滑剂20后形成润滑界面，根据测得的和频信号可以在线检测可动球18和半球缺棱镜12摩擦过程中润滑界面分子的变化。The working principle of the method for online measurement of the tribochemical properties of the lubrication interface: the chemical performance characterization of the lubrication interface friction experiment, using the sum-frequency vibration spectroscopy method, using infrared light and visible light as the incident light, and the two beams of light overlap at the lubrication interface to generate sum-frequency signals , to measure the sum-frequency vibrational spectrum to analyze the molecular information of the interface during the friction process. When the movable ball 18 rotates coaxially with the motor, it forms a pair of friction pairs with the hemispherical missing prism 12. After adding lubricant 20, a lubricating interface is formed. According to the measured sum frequency signal, the movable ball 18 and the hemispherical missing prism can be detected online. 12 Changes of molecules at the lubricated interface during friction.
在线测量润滑界面摩擦化学性能的方法的工作原理：润滑界面摩擦实验的化学性能表征，采用和频振动光谱方法，以红外光和可见光为入射光，两束光在润滑界面处重叠产生和频信号，测量和频振动光谱以分析摩擦过程中界面分子信息。当可动球18随着电机同轴转动，与半球缺棱镜12构成一对摩擦副，添加润滑剂20后形成润滑界面，根据测得的和频信号可以在线检测可动球18和半球缺棱镜12摩擦过程中润滑界面分子的变化。The working principle of the method for online measurement of the tribochemical properties of the lubrication interface: the chemical performance characterization of the lubrication interface friction experiment, using the sum-frequency vibration spectroscopy method, using infrared light and visible light as the incident light, and the two beams of light overlap at the lubrication interface to generate sum-frequency signals , to measure the sum-frequency vibrational spectrum to analyze the molecular information of the interface during the friction process. When the movable ball 18 rotates coaxially with the motor, it forms a pair of friction pairs with the hemispherical missing prism 12. After adding lubricant 20, a lubricating interface is formed. According to the measured sum frequency signal, the movable ball 18 and the hemispherical missing prism can be detected online. 12 Changes of molecules at the lubricated interface during friction.
本实施例提供的润滑界面和频信号测量装置可以实现：摩擦过程中球与棱镜的精密接触；自行设计的半球缺棱镜既提供了固定界面，又使光垂直入射，还保证了入射光在界面处的全反射，增强了光的能量从而增强和频信号；实现了摩擦过程中和频信号的在线测量。本实施例采用和频振动光谱方法，以红外光和可见光为入射光，两束光在润滑界面处重叠产生和频信号，具有独特的界面选择性和界面单分子层灵敏性，利于分析测量信号得到界面分子信息。The lubricated interface and frequency signal measuring device provided in this embodiment can realize: the precise contact between the ball and the prism during the friction process; the self-designed hemispherical missing prism not only provides a fixed interface, but also makes the light incident vertically, and also ensures that the incident light is in the interface. The total reflection at the place enhances the energy of the light to enhance the sum-frequency signal; realizes the online measurement of the sum-frequency signal during the friction process. This embodiment adopts the sum-frequency vibration spectroscopy method, using infrared light and visible light as the incident light, and the two beams of light overlap at the lubricating interface to generate a sum-frequency signal, which has unique interface selectivity and interface monolayer sensitivity, which is beneficial to the analysis of measurement signals Get interface molecular information.
另外，本领域技术人员还可以在本发明精神内做其它变化，这些依据本发明精神所做的变化，都应包含在本发明所要求保护的范围内。In addition, those skilled in the art can also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention, and these changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
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