CN106404217A - Novel temperature demodulation method based on distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement - Google Patents
Novel temperature demodulation method based on distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/324—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Raman scattering
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a temperature demodulation method in a distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system, in particular, a novel temperature demodulation method based on distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement. With the method adopted, the problem of low temperature measurement accuracy and low temperature measurement efficiency of an existing distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system caused by a temperature demodulation method of the distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system can be solved. The novel temperature demodulation method based on distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement includes the following steps that: 1, a distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system is constructed; 2, when laser pulses are transmitted in an optical fiber to be measured, the laser pulses are subjected to spontaneous Raman scattering, and therefore, Stokes light and anti-Stokes light which are transmitted backwards are generated at various positions of the optical fiber to be measured; 3, interpolation processing is performed on the Stokes light; 4, loss compensation is performed on the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light; and 5, temperature demodulation is performed on the optical fiber to be measured. The novel temperature demodulation method of the invention is suitable for distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the temperature demodulation method in distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system, specifically one kind is based on distributed
The New temperature demodulation method of optical fiber Raman thermometry.
Background technology
Distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system is using the spontaneous Raman scattering effect in optical fiber, in conjunction with optical time domain reflection skill
Can be used for that art (Optical Time Domain Reflectometry, OTDR) is realized is distributed, continuous way, in real time measurement
A kind of new sensor-based system of space temperature field distribution.Compared with traditional electronic temperature transmitter, distributed fiber Raman is surveyed
Warm system has electromagnetism interference, high pressure resistant, high precision, advantages of simple structure and simple, so being widely used in power cable temperature
The fields such as degree monitoring, monitoring structural health conditions, dam leakage monitoring.
In distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system, the temperature demodulation method commonly used at present is by the use of Stokes light as ginseng
Examine passage, by the use of anti-Stokes light as signalling channel, then solve temperature regulating letter using the wavelength ratio of both light
Breath.But practice have shown that, existing temperature demodulation method is limited by itself principle, and there are the following problems：First, due to Stokes
Light is different with the wavelength of anti-Stokes light, and its spread speed in a fiber has differences, and therefore same position scattering is returned
Stokes light and anti-Stokes light reach data collecting card time different, lead to data acquisition to be stuck in the same time and adopt
The Stokes light collecting and anti-Stokes light are not from same position, thus lead to signal cross_placing, thus leading to system
Temperature measurement accuracy low.Second, in existing temperature demodulation method, in order to eliminate fibre loss to demodulate temperature information it is necessary to
Before thermometric, whole piece testing fiber is placed under constant temperature and carries out calibration process (if changing testing fiber, adjustment laser power
Or change any system device, then must re-start calibration and process), thus lead to complex operation, thus leading to the survey of system
Warm efficiency is low.Based on this it is necessary to invent a kind of brand-new temperature demodulation method, to solve existing distributed fiber Raman thermometric
Temperature demodulation method in system leads to the temperature measurement accuracy of system low and the low problem of temperature measuring efficiency.
Content of the invention
The present invention leads to the survey of system to solve the temperature demodulation method in existing distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system
Warm precision is low and the low problem of temperature measuring efficiency, there is provided a kind of New temperature demodulation side based on distributed fiber Raman thermometric
Method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：
A kind of New temperature demodulation method based on distributed fiber Raman thermometric, the method comprises the steps：
Step one：Build distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system；
Described distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system includes Raman temperature measurer, the first high-precision thermostat bath, the second high accuracy
Temperature chamber, testing fiber, the first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor；
Described Raman temperature measurer includes pulse laser, WDM, an APD, the 2nd APD, a LNA, the 2nd LNA, data
Capture card, computer；Wherein, the outfan of pulse laser is connected with the input of WDM；Two outfans of WDM respectively with
The input of the input of the first APD and the 2nd APD connects；The outfan of the first APD is connected with the input of a LNA；The
The outfan of two APD is connected with the input of the 2nd LNA；The outfan of the outfan of the first LNA and the 2nd LNA is all adopted with data
The input of truck connects；The outfan of data collecting card is connected with the input of computer；Computer is double with pulse laser
To connection；
The front end of testing fiber is connected with the common port of WDM；The mid portion of testing fiber is wound with the first reference respectively
Fiber optic loop and the second reference optical fiber ring；First reference optical fiber ring is positioned in the first high-precision thermostat bath；Second reference optical fiber ring
It is positioned in the second high-precision thermostat bath；First temperature sensor is installed on the first high-precision thermostat bath；Second temperature senses
Device is installed on the second high-precision thermostat bath；First temperature sensor and second temperature sensor are all connected with computer bidirectional；
Step 2：The temperature value of the first high-precision thermostat bath is set to T1, by the temperature value of the second high-precision thermostat bath
It is set to T2；Then, start Raman temperature measurer, the laser pulse that pulse laser sends incides testing fiber through WDM；Laser
There is spontaneous Raman scattering, so that each position of testing fiber all produces and dorsad passes when pulse is propagated in testing fiber
Defeated Stokes light and anti-Stokes light；
Stokes light incides data collecting card through WDM, an APD, a LNA successively, and data collecting card is to Stokes
Light carries out analog digital conversion, thus obtains the light intensity curve of Stokes light, comprises one and lead because of Fresnel reflection in this light intensity curve
The spike causing；
Anti-Stokes light incides data collecting card, data collecting card pair through WDM, the 2nd APD, the 2nd LNA successively
Anti-Stokes light carries out analog digital conversion, thus obtains the light intensity curve of anti-Stokes light, equally wraps in this light intensity curve
Containing a spike leading to because of Fresnel reflection；
Step 3：In the light intensity curve of the peak location in light intensity curve according to Stokes light and anti-Stokes light
Peak location, interpolation processing is carried out to Stokes light so that testing fiber same position produce Stokes light and
The time that anti-Stokes light reaches data collecting card is identical；
Step 4：Position according to the first reference optical fiber ring and the position of the second reference optical fiber ring, to Stokes light and
Anti-Stokes light carries out loss balancing；
Step 5：According to the Stokes light after loss balancing and anti-Stokes light, testing fiber is entered with trip temperature solution
Adjust.
Compared with the temperature demodulation method in existing distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system, one kind of the present invention is based on
The New temperature demodulation method of distributed fiber Raman thermometric has the advantage that：First, the present invention is by entering to Stokes light
Row interpolation is processed so that same position scatters the Stokes light returned and anti-Stokes light reaches the time of data collecting card
Identical, thus effectively prevent signal cross_placing, thus effectively increasing the temperature measurement accuracy of system.Second, the present invention is by right
Stokes light and anti-Stokes light carry out loss balancing so that testing fiber need not be carried out calibration process before thermometric, by
This is effectively simplified operation, thus effectively increasing the temperature measuring efficiency of system.
The temperature demodulation method that the present invention efficiently solves in existing distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system leads to system
Temperature measurement accuracy is low and the low problem of temperature measuring efficiency is it is adaptable to distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the measurement position schematic diagram of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light before interpolation processing.
Fig. 3 is the light intensity curve schematic diagram of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light before interpolation processing.
Fig. 4 is the measurement position schematic diagram of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light after interpolation processing.
Fig. 5 is the light intensity curve schematic diagram of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light after interpolation processing.
Fig. 6 is the light intensity curve schematic diagram of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light before loss balancing.
Fig. 7 is the light intensity curve schematic diagram of Stokes light and anti-Stokes light after loss balancing.
In Fig. 1：1- pulse laser, 2-WDM (wavelength division multiplexer), 3- an APD (the first avalanche photodide), 4-
2nd APD (the second avalanche photodide), 5- a LNA (the first low noise amplifier), 6- the 2nd LNA (amplify by the second low noise
Device), 7- data collecting card, 8- computer, 9- first high-precision thermostat bath, 10- second high-precision thermostat bath, 11- testing fiber,
12- first temperature sensor, 13- second temperature sensor, dotted box portion represents Raman temperature measurer.
In Fig. 2：A represents Raman temperature measurer, and dotted box portion represents testing fiber.
In Fig. 4：A represents Raman temperature measurer, and dotted box portion represents testing fiber.
Specific embodiment
A kind of New temperature demodulation method based on distributed fiber Raman thermometric, the method comprises the steps：
Step one：Build distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system；
Described distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system includes Raman temperature measurer, first high-precision thermostat bath the 9, second high accuracy
Temperature chamber 10, testing fiber 11, the first temperature sensor 12, second temperature sensor 13；
Described Raman temperature measurer include pulse laser 1, WDM2, an APD3, the 2nd APD4, a LNA5, second
LNA6, data collecting card 7, computer 8；Wherein, the outfan of pulse laser 1 is connected with the input of WDM2；The two of WDM2
Individual outfan is connected with the input of an APD3 and the input of the 2nd APD4 respectively；The outfan and first of the first APD3
The input of LNA5 connects；The outfan of the 2nd APD4 is connected with the input of the 2nd LNA6；The outfan of the first LNA5 and
The outfan of two LNA6 is all connected with the input of data collecting card 7；The outfan of data collecting card 7 and the input of computer 8
End connects；Computer 8 is bi-directionally connected with pulse laser 1；
The front end of testing fiber 11 is connected with the common port of WDM2；The mid portion of testing fiber 11 is wound with first respectively
Reference optical fiber ring and the second reference optical fiber ring；First reference optical fiber ring is positioned in the first high-precision thermostat bath 9；Second reference light
Fine ring is positioned in the second high-precision thermostat bath 10；First temperature sensor 12 is installed on the first high-precision thermostat bath 9；Second
Temperature sensor 13 is installed on the second high-precision thermostat bath 10；First temperature sensor 12 and second temperature sensor 13 all with
Computer 8 is bi-directionally connected；
Step 2：The temperature value of the first high-precision thermostat bath 9 is set to T1, by the temperature of the second high-precision thermostat bath 10
Value is set to T2；Then, start Raman temperature measurer, the laser pulse that pulse laser 1 sends incides testing fiber through WDM2
11；There is spontaneous Raman scattering when laser pulse is propagated in testing fiber 11, so that each position of testing fiber 11
All produce the Stokes light dorsad transmitting and anti-Stokes light；
Stokes light incides data collecting card 7 through WDM2, an APD3, a LNA5 successively, and data collecting card 7 is right
Stokes light carries out analog digital conversion, thus obtains the light intensity curve of Stokes light, comprises one because of Fresnel in this light intensity curve
Reflect the spike leading to；
Anti-Stokes light incides data collecting card 7 through WDM2, the 2nd APD4, the 2nd LNA6 successively, data collecting card
7 pairs of anti-Stokes light carry out analog digital conversion, thus obtain the light intensity curve of anti-Stokes light, same in this light intensity curve
Comprise a spike leading to because of Fresnel reflection；
Step 3：In the light intensity curve of the peak location in light intensity curve according to Stokes light and anti-Stokes light
Peak location, interpolation processing is carried out to Stokes light so that testing fiber 11 same position produce Stokes light
Identical with the time that anti-Stokes light reaches data collecting card 7；
Step 4：Position according to the first reference optical fiber ring and the position of the second reference optical fiber ring, to Stokes light and
Anti-Stokes light carries out loss balancing；
Step 5：According to the Stokes light after loss balancing and anti-Stokes light, trip temperature solution is entered to testing fiber 11
Adjust.
In described step 3, the comprising the following steps that of interpolation processing：
If the peak location in the light intensity curve of Stokes light is L1maxIf, in the light intensity curve of anti-Stokes light
Peak location is L2max, then its difference Lc=| L1max-L2max|；Then, to difference LcRound process using with regard to nearest integer, and makeWherein, φs(L) represent the light intensity of the Stokes light that a certain position of testing fiber 11 produces
Value；L represents the distance between front end of this position and testing fiber 11.
In described step 4, the comprising the following steps that of loss balancing：
If the distance between front end of the position of the first reference optical fiber ring and testing fiber 11 is L1If, the second reference optical fiber
The distance between front end of the position of ring and testing fiber 11 is L2；
According to the light intensity curve of Stokes light, determine the light intensity value of the Stokes light that the position of the first reference optical fiber ring produces
For φs1, determine that the light intensity value of the Stokes light that the position of the second reference optical fiber ring produces is φs2；
Calculate the loss factor α to Stokes light for the testing fiber 11o+αs；Specific formula for calculation is as follows：
In formula (1)：αoRepresent the loss factor under laser pulse unit length in testing fiber 11；αsRepresent
Loss factor under Stokes light unit length in testing fiber 11；H represents Planck's constant；Δ v represents the Raman of optical fiber
Frequency shift amount；K represents Boltzmann constant；
According to the light intensity curve of anti-Stokes light, determine the anti-Stokes that the position of the first reference optical fiber ring produces
The light intensity value of light is φa1, determine that the light intensity value of the anti-Stokes light that the position of the second reference optical fiber ring produces is φa2；
Calculate the loss factor α to anti-Stokes light for the testing fiber 11o+αa；Specific formula for calculation is as follows：
In formula (2)：αoRepresent the loss factor under laser pulse unit length in testing fiber 11；αaRepresent anti-
Loss factor under Stokes light unit length in testing fiber 11；H represents Planck's constant；Δ v represents the Raman of optical fiber
Frequency shift amount；K represents Boltzmann constant.
In described step 5, actual temp demodulation formula is as follows：
In formula (3)：T represents the temperature value of a certain position of testing fiber 11；φsRepresent the Stokes that this position produces
The light intensity value of light；φaRepresent the light intensity value of the anti-Stokes light that this position produces；L represents this position and testing fiber 11
The distance between front end；φs1Represent the light intensity value of the Stokes light that the position of the first reference optical fiber ring produces；φa1Represent first
The light intensity value of the anti-Stokes light that the position of reference optical fiber ring produces；φs2Represent the position generation of the second reference optical fiber ring
The light intensity value of Stokes light；φa2Represent the light intensity value of the anti-Stokes light that the position of the second reference optical fiber ring produces；L1Table
Show the distance between the position of the first reference optical fiber ring and front end of testing fiber 11；L2Represent the position of the second reference optical fiber ring
The distance between with the front end of testing fiber 11；H represents Planck's constant；Δ v represents the Raman frequency shift amount of optical fiber；K represents glass
The graceful constant of Wurz.
When being embodied as, the wavelength of described pulse laser is 1550.1nm, pulsewidth is 10ns, repetition rate is 8KHz.
The operation wavelength of described WDM is 1550nm/1450nm/1663nm.The a width of 80MHz of band of a described APD, spectral response range
For 900～1700nm.The a width of 80MHz of band of described 2nd APD, spectral response range are 900～1700nm.A described LNA
The a width of 100MHz of band.The a width of 100MHz of band of described 2nd LNA.The port number of described data collecting card is that 4, sample rate is
100M/s, a width of 100MHz of band.Described testing fiber is common multimode fibre.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of New temperature demodulation method based on distributed fiber Raman thermometric it is characterised in that：The method includes as follows
Step：
Step one：Build distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system；
Described distributed fiber Raman temp measuring system includes Raman temperature measurer, the first high-precision thermostat bath (9), the second high-accuracy and constant
Warm groove (10), testing fiber (11), the first temperature sensor (12), second temperature sensor (13)；
Described Raman temperature measurer include pulse laser (1), WDM (2), an APD (3), the 2nd APD (4), a LNA (5),
2nd LNA (6), data collecting card (7), computer (8)；Wherein, the input of the outfan of pulse laser (1) and WDM (2)
Connect；Two outfans of WDM (2) are connected with the input of an APD (3) and the input of the 2nd APD (4) respectively；First
The outfan of APD (3) is connected with the input of a LNA (5)；The outfan of the 2nd APD (4) and the input of the 2nd LNA (6)
Connect；The outfan of the outfan of the first LNA (5) and the 2nd LNA (6) is all connected with the input of data collecting card (7)；Data
The outfan of capture card (7) is connected with the input of computer (8)；Computer (8) is bi-directionally connected with pulse laser (1)；
The front end of testing fiber (11) is connected with the common port of WDM (2)；The mid portion of testing fiber (11) is wound with respectively
One reference optical fiber ring and the second reference optical fiber ring；First reference optical fiber ring is positioned in the first high-precision thermostat bath (9)；Second ginseng
Examine fiber optic loop to be positioned in the second high-precision thermostat bath (10)；First temperature sensor (12) is installed on the first high-precision thermostat bath
(9) on；Second temperature sensor (13) is installed on the second high-precision thermostat bath (10)；First temperature sensor (12) and second
Temperature sensor (13) is all bi-directionally connected with computer (8)；
Step 2：The temperature value of the first high-precision thermostat bath (9) is set to T1, by the temperature of the second high-precision thermostat bath (10)
Value is set to T2；Then, start Raman temperature measurer, the laser pulse that pulse laser (1) sends incides to be measured through WDM (2)
Optical fiber (11)；There is spontaneous Raman scattering when laser pulse is propagated in testing fiber (11), so that testing fiber (11)
Each position all produce the Stokes light dorsad transmitting and anti-Stokes light；
Stokes light incides data collecting card (7), data collecting card through WDM (2), an APD (3), a LNA (5) successively
(7) analog digital conversion is carried out to Stokes light, thus obtain the light intensity curve of Stokes light, comprise one in this light intensity curve because of phenanthrene
The spike that Nie Er reflection leads to；
Anti-Stokes light incides data collecting card (7) through WDM (2), the 2nd APD (4), the 2nd LNA (6) successively, and data is adopted
Truck (7) carries out analog digital conversion to anti-Stokes light, thus obtains the light intensity curve of anti-Stokes light, this light intensity curve
In equally comprise a spike leading to because of Fresnel reflection；
Step 3：Point in the light intensity curve of the peak location in light intensity curve according to Stokes light and anti-Stokes light
Peak position, carries out interpolation processing to Stokes light so that testing fiber (11) same position produce Stokes light and
The time that anti-Stokes light reaches data collecting card (7) is identical；
Step 4：Position according to the first reference optical fiber ring and the position of the second reference optical fiber ring, to Stokes light and anti-
Stokes light carries out loss balancing；
Step 5：According to the Stokes light after loss balancing and anti-Stokes light, trip temperature solution is entered to testing fiber (11)
Adjust.
2. a kind of New temperature demodulation method based on distributed fiber Raman thermometric according to claim 1, its feature
It is：In described step 3, the comprising the following steps that of interpolation processing：
If the peak location in the light intensity curve of Stokes light is L1maxIf, the spike position in the light intensity curve of anti-Stokes light
It is set to L2max, then its difference Lc=| L1max-L2max|；Then, to difference LcRound process using with regard to nearest integer, and makeWherein, φs(L) represent the light of the Stokes light that a certain position of testing fiber (11) produces
Intensity values；L represents the distance between front end of this position and testing fiber (11).
3. a kind of New temperature demodulation method based on distributed fiber Raman thermometric according to claim 1, its feature
It is：In described step 4, the comprising the following steps that of loss balancing：
If the distance between front end of the position of the first reference optical fiber ring and testing fiber (11) is L1If, the second reference optical fiber ring
The distance between the front end of position and testing fiber (11) be L2；
According to the light intensity curve of Stokes light, determine that the light intensity value of the Stokes light that the position of the first reference optical fiber ring produces is
φs1, determine that the light intensity value of the Stokes light that the position of the second reference optical fiber ring produces is φs2；
Calculate the loss factor α to Stokes light for the testing fiber (11)o+αs；Specific formula for calculation is as follows：
In formula (1)：αoRepresent the loss factor under laser pulse unit length in testing fiber (11)；αsRepresent Stokes
Loss factor under light unit length in testing fiber (11)；H represents Planck's constant；Δ v represents the Raman frequency shift of optical fiber
Amount；K represents Boltzmann constant；
According to the light intensity curve of anti-Stokes light, determine the anti-Stokes light that the position of the first reference optical fiber ring produces
Light intensity value is φa1, determine that the light intensity value of the anti-Stokes light that the position of the second reference optical fiber ring produces is φa2；
Calculate the loss factor α to anti-Stokes light for the testing fiber (11)o+αa；Specific formula for calculation is as follows：
In formula (2)：αoRepresent the loss factor under laser pulse unit length in testing fiber (11)；αaRepresent anti-
Loss factor under Stokes light unit length in testing fiber (11)；H represents Planck's constant；Δ v represents drawing of optical fiber
Graceful frequency shift amount；K represents Boltzmann constant.
4. a kind of New temperature demodulation method based on distributed fiber Raman thermometric according to claim 1, its feature
It is：In described step 5, actual temp demodulation formula is as follows：
In formula (3)：T represents the temperature value of a certain position of testing fiber (11)；φsRepresent the Stokes light that this position produces
Light intensity value；φaRepresent the light intensity value of the anti-Stokes light that this position produces；L represents this position and testing fiber (11)
The distance between front end；φs1Represent the light intensity value of the Stokes light that the position of the first reference optical fiber ring produces；φa1Represent first
The light intensity value of the anti-Stokes light that the position of reference optical fiber ring produces；φs2Represent the position generation of the second reference optical fiber ring
The light intensity value of Stokes light；φa2Represent the light intensity value of the anti-Stokes light that the position of the second reference optical fiber ring produces；L1Table
Show the distance between the position of the first reference optical fiber ring and front end of testing fiber (11)；L2Represent the position of the second reference optical fiber ring
The distance between put with the front end of testing fiber (11)；H represents Planck's constant；Δ v represents the Raman frequency shift amount of optical fiber；K table
Show Boltzmann constant.
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| CN110887579A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-03-17 | 华中科技大学 | Dynamic temperature demodulation method based on distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system |
| CN111006787A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-14 | 太原理工大学 | Distributed optical fiber Raman double-end temperature demodulation method based on differential temperature compensation |
| CN111638025A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-08 | 太原理工大学 | Distributed optical fiber Raman sensing device and method for monitoring tunnel leakage water |
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