CN106401477B - Steering drilling tool backup executing agency and drilling tool - Google Patents

Steering drilling tool backup executing agency and drilling tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106401477B
CN106401477B CN201611124160.2A CN201611124160A CN106401477B CN 106401477 B CN106401477 B CN 106401477B CN 201611124160 A CN201611124160 A CN 201611124160A CN 106401477 B CN106401477 B CN 106401477B
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China
Prior art keywords
cart
backup
drilling tool
executing agency
plate
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CN106401477A (en
Inventor
刘宝林
薛启龙
李立鑫
赵柳东
李昕愉
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E21B15/04Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for directional drilling, e.g. slant hole rigs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/10Correction of deflected boreholes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of steering drilling tool backup executing agencies, comprising: back up plate;One end of back up plate is articulated on drill body;Cart, the cart are arranged in the groove of drill body;Driving device, the driving device are connect with cart, drive cart in groove along the axial movement of drill body;Support rod, described support rod one end and cart are pivotally connected;The other end and back up plate are pivotally connected, and when cart is moved, support rod can will push against plate and prop up.The present invention also provides the drilling tools with above-mentioned backup executing agency.

Description

Steering drilling tool backup executing agency and drilling tool
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of backup executing agency, especially a kind of steering drilling tool is pushed away with backup executing agency and including this By the drilling tool of executing agency.
Background technique
As oil and gas development, geological prospecting difficulty continue to increase, drilling engineering is faced with bigger challenge, traditional cunning The navigational drilling techniques such as dynamic drilling have been difficult to meet the technical requirements of modern drilling process.In recent years, automatic vertical drilling system, The trend of era development has been complied in the application of rotary steering system, multiple in vertical deep-well, directional well, extended reach well, horizontal well etc. Miscellaneous structure well field obtains huge technological contribution.Currently, being led because pushing type executing agency has the characteristics that guiding is reliable rapidly Use the executing agency of pushing type to well system, i.e., back up plate or the backup wing are in top hole deviation induction control system and hydraulic more Push the borehole wall under the control of system, so that drilling tool obtains the reaction force of the borehole wall, exacerbates drill bit in the cutting of the borehole wall other side Effect is played the role of controlling well track, realizes orientation, guide digging.
Existing backup mechanism is mostly the structure design that the backup wing or back up plate are ejected by the backup piston of its underpart, such sets The backup wing or back up plate of meter separate after releasing with drill body, and the rock powder in annular space easily enters backup mechanism and card resistance, shadow occurs Ring the normal use of drilling tool.There is vulnerable part in existing backup executing agency more, the vibration in drilling process cannot be born And alternate stress, the problems such as Yi Fasheng screw loosening, pin fracture, and it is living using the backup wing or the installation backup of back up plate lower part The structure of plug causes radial dimension small big, is unfavorable for designing and developing for minor diameter drilling tool.Moreover, existing backup mechanism sheet Body is passive design, and backup power size depends on the ejecting force of backup piston, and backup mechanism does not have backup power regulatory function, The scope of application is limited.In addition, the existing backup wing or back up plate mostly use planar design, only the backup wing or backup edges of boards when backup Edge is contacted with the borehole wall, and contact area is smaller, leads to stabilization when back up plate or the backup wing and borehole wall serious wear, drilling tool work The problems such as property is poor, hole quality is poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of steering drilling tool backup executing agency, backup movement executes rapid, backup Wellbore stability is reliable.
To achieve the goals above, in a first aspect, a kind of steering drilling tool backup executing agency provided by the invention, packet It includes:
For the back up plate for the reaction force that backup makes drilling tool obtain the borehole wall to be carried out in steering drilling system to the borehole wall;It pushes away One end of backup plate is articulated on drill body;
Cart, the cart are arranged in the groove of drill body;
Driving device, the driving device are connect with cart, and cart is driven to transport in groove along the axial direction of drill body It is dynamic;And
Support rod, described support rod one end and cart are pivotally connected;The other end and back up plate are pivotally connected, and when cart is moved, Support rod can will push against plate and prop up;
The driving device includes push rod, and one end of push rod is connected with cart, the other end and the force for being located at push rod top Component is connected.
Alternatively and preferably, the cart includes car body, and the wheel contacted with groove floor is equipped on car body, is being driven Under dynamic device effect, wheel can move in groove with motor vehicles bodies, and support rod pivot is propped up.
Alternatively and preferably, it is configured with pivot mounting in the middle part of the car body, the first pivot is installed thereon, propped up One end of strut is set on the first pivot, and the other end is pivotally connected by the middle part of the second pivot and back up plate.
Alternatively and preferably, the both ends of the second pivot are equipped with threaded hole corresponding with its axial direction, install in threaded hole Plug wire.
Alternatively and preferably, the cart two sides are equipped with limitation cart along the first position restrainer of drill body radial motion Structure.
Alternatively and preferably, first position-limit mechanism includes the groove constructed in car body two sides, and screw passes through drilling tool Threaded hole on ontology extend into drill body and is pressed on the groove of the car body two sides.
Alternatively and preferably, the front end of the cart is equipped with the second position-limit mechanism, and the second position-limit mechanism limitation cart exists Maximum in groove releases distance, and guarantees to release under in maximum, the lower part of back up plate without departing from drill body and Generate gap.
Alternatively and preferably, second position-limit mechanism includes the gag lever post that cart front end is arranged in, and is covered on gag lever post If spring, when groove ends face contact in cart compressed spring to gag lever post and drill body, that is, reach it is described it is maximum release away from From.
Alternatively and preferably, the plate face of the back up plate is arc, is divided into top cambered surface and lower part cambered surface, lower part cambered surface Cambered surface radius it is consistent with borehole wall radius.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of drilling tools, are executed including drilling tool described in multiple first aspects with backup Mechanism, the backup executing agency along drill body all EDS maps.
A kind of drilling tool backup executing agency provided by the invention, is arranged in the groove of drill body, including back up plate, Support rod and cart, cart move in groove under the drive of the drive.Cart is pivotally connected by support rod and back up plate, is pushed away The end of backup plate is articulated on drill body, and when cart is pushed, support rod rise will push against plate and prop up realization to the borehole wall Backup, this backup mode are no longer rely on piston according to lever principle, and backup movement execution ground is directly rapid, and frictional resistance is small, And backup is solid and reliable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of steering drilling tool backup executing agency provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 cuts open structural schematic diagram with the master of backup executing agency for steering drilling tool provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the inside schematic perspective view of the back up plate of backup executing agency;
Fig. 4 is the outside schematic perspective view of the back up plate of backup executing agency;
Fig. 5 is the cart body construction schematic diagram of backup executing agency;
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the support rod of backup executing agency;
Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view under the state of backup executing agency maximum release location.
In figure:
1- back up plate;101- pin hole;102- flange;103- pin hole;The top 104- cambered surface;The lower part 105- cambered surface;106- spiral shell Pit;The end 107- cambered surface;2- cart;201- car body;202- wheel;203- through-hole;204- pin hole;205- groove;206- is logical Hole;207- pin hole;3- support rod;301- through-hole;302- through-hole;4- drill body;401- flange;The end face 402-;5- screw;6- Push rod;The first pivot of 7-;The second pivot of 8-;9- third pivot;10- plug wire;11- gag lever post;12- spring;13- screw;14- pressure Block;15- pin shaft.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description The present invention is described in further detail.
Steering drilling tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention backup executing agency, for being carried out in steering drilling system to the borehole wall Backup exacerbates drill bit in the shear action of the borehole wall other side, plays control wellbore so that drilling tool obtains the reaction force of the borehole wall Orientation, guide digging are realized in the effect of track.
Backup executing agency is arranged on the circumferential surface of drill body, and quantity can be multiple, and be evenly distributed.Such as It can be and be spaced apart in 90 ° or 320 °.As shown in figures 1 to 6, each backup executing agency mainly includes back up plate 1, cart 2, support rod 3 and driving device (seeing internal structure clearly in Fig. 1, back up plate is omitted).Wherein, cart 2 is arranged in drilling tool It in the groove of ontology 4, and is connect with driving device, under the action of driving device, cart 2 can be in groove along drilling tool sheet The axial movement of body 4.One end of support rod 3 is articulated on cart 2, and the other end is articulated in the inside of back up plate 1, and the one of back up plate A end (upper end) is articulated on drill body 4, can pivot along this drill body 4.In this way, cart 2, support rod 3 and backup Plate 1 is formed the link mechanism based on lever principle, and when driving device pushes cart movement, pivot occurs for support rod 3 Turn and will push against plate 1 to prop up, be brought to abutment against on the borehole wall.This backup execution movement does not need piston, directly rapidly, friction resistance Power is small, and backup is solid and reliable.
In some embodiments, cart 2 includes car body 201 and the wheel 202 that is mounted on car body 201, wheel 202 with Groove floor is rolling friction, thus resistance is smaller, and wheel 202 can be connected with car body 201 by pin shaft.It is specific as one Embodiment, the structure of car body 202 be substantially in it is flat, the space in limited drill body can be saved in this way.In vehicle The four corners of body open up the long stripes through hole 203 of perforation car body, and the side wall of through-hole 203 opens up pin hole 204, wheel 202 is passed through Pin shaft 15 shown in FIG. 1 is mounted in each long stripes through hole 203, in this way can to avoid wheel 202 with it is recessed in drill body 4 Slot contact, reduces frictional resistance.Preferably, limitation cart is equipped with along the radial fortune of drill body 4 in 201 two sides of the car body of cart The first dynamic position-limit mechanism.First position-limit mechanism may include being built into car body middle part surface close to the groove of both sides of the edge 205 and the screw 5 that penetrates from the threaded hole of drill body, the ailhead of screw 5 is pressed on groove 205, to limit car body 201 Radial motion.The driving device for driving cart 2 to move includes push rod 6, and one end of push rod 6 is connect with the car body 201 of cart 2, separately Common driving device connect (not shown) in the mechanical equipments such as one end and hydraulic mechanism, motor.It is different from existing backup Mechanism force application part (such as backup piston) is located at the design structure of the backup wing or back up plate lower part, the force of the backup executing agency Component is located at 6 top of push rod, can largely discharge radial space, is conducive to the design of minor diameter steering tool and grinds Hair.
Two through-holes 206 disposed in parallel can be opened up at the middle part of car body 201, a branch is respectively arranged in each through-hole 206 Strut 3, and the side wall of through-hole 206 be equipped with pin hole 207, the bottom end of two support rods 3 also have pin hole 301 and on car body 207 position of pin hole it is corresponding, pin hole 207,301 is passed through to by two support rods 3 and vehicle by the first pivot 7 (such as straight pin) Body 201 is pivotally connected.It is constructed out two grooves generally corresponded to 3 position of support rod on the inside of back up plate 1, is also set in groove There is pin hole 101, the upper end of two support rods 3 has the corresponding pin hole 302 in position, and is connected in groove by the second pivot 8, To which support rod 3 can pivot between cart 2 and back up plate 1.The upper end of back up plate 1 is constructed out two flanges 102, convex The pin hole 103 for offering perforation on edge 102 along side, constructs the interval between two flanges 102 on drill body 4 Matched flange 401, and the pin hole on the flange 401 also along side equipped with the corresponding perforation in position.The upper end of back up plate 1 It is connected on the flange 401 by third pivot 9, realizes back up plate around the pivot of drill body 4.Each pivot exists in order to prevent Backup executing agency is out of stock when working, and briquetting 14 is equipped at the both ends of third pivot 9, and fixed with screw 13, in back up plate 1 The both ends (i.e. 8 both ends of the second pivot) in portion are equipped with its axial corresponding threaded hole 106, the installation plug wire 10 in threaded hole 106. The size of the vulnerable parts such as pin shaft used in backup executing agency provided in this embodiment (i.e. each pivot), screw can be according to specific Requirement carries out flexible design, meanwhile, though the mechanism has used screw element, it is not main stress part, only puts Requirement can be met after pine processing, therefore the reliability of the backup executing agency greatly promotes.
Existing backup executing agency generallys use the piston backup borehole wall, and executing agency's blocked portion often occurs for when work Situation.Inventors have found that the reason of causing this blocked portion situation is that piston is kept completely separate with drill body so that piston with Gap is formd between drill body, the aerial bulky grain landwaste of well inner ring will enter inside backup executing agency at this time, right The movement of executing agency causes to hinder.To solve this problem, in a preferred embodiment, the front end of cart 2 is equipped with the second limit Position mechanism, the second position-limit mechanism limits maximum release distance of the cart 2 in groove, and guarantees in the case where the maximum releases distance, The lower part of back up plate 1 generates gap without departing from drill body.Since gap will not be generated during backup executes, just It can prevent bulky grain landwaste from entering inside backup executing agency, so as to avoid executing agency's movement blocked portion, the feelings of failure Condition occurs.In some embodiments, the second position-limit mechanism includes being arranged in car body front end gag lever post 11, the outer sheath of gag lever post 11 It equipped with spring 12 and fixes, so that spring 12 will not be compressed and be arched upward.When the work of backup executing agency, cart 2 compresses bullet Spring 12, until reaching what cart 2 can move ahead in groove when gag lever post 11 contacts the groove end face 402 in drill body Maximum distance, under this distance, although back up plate is supported bar 3 and props up, and forms the protrusion that lower part is upturned in surface of drill stem Shape, but the inside edge of back up plate 1 should still remain in the groove of drill body 4, so that back up plate 1 will not and bore Tool ontology 4 separates, and avoids the formation of gap (as shown in Figure 7).Since back up plate 1 will not be pushed out drill body groove always Design, the bulky grain landwaste in drilling fluid has been isolated, only allow liquid drilling fluid enter inside backup executing agency so that Pin shaft is in always under the lubrication of drilling fluid.The design that maximum releases distance can be by 11 length of gag lever post, support rod 3 The restriction of distance of pivot points etc. reaches said effect in length and support rod 3, and the specific value of distance can be according to drilling tool Size and borehole space the practical adjustment of size, be not construed as limiting the invention.From.In addition, working as backup mechanism not work When making, cart 2 is pushed back initial position by the spring 12 of compression, guarantees that back up plate 1 and drill body 4 are in fit-state, to prevent Bit freezing occurs during only making a trip.
The outer surface of back up plate 1 is preferably arc, i.e. composition arc back up plate.The cambered surface of back up plate 1 is divided into two up and down Point, top cambered surface 104 is longer, lower part cambered surface 105 is shorter (end is end cambered surface 107), and middle and lower part cambered surface 105 is used for and well Wall directly contacts.The cambered surface radius of lower part cambered surface 105 and borehole wall radius always, guarantee when contact lower part cambered surface 105 at the borehole wall In fit-state, to increase contact area, surface pressure is reduced, back up plate 1 is thereby reduced and the borehole wall is worn, into one Step improves the service life of backup executing agency, simultaneously effective improves the stability when drilling tool backup borehole wall, and can obtain Obtain good hole quality.The lower part arc-shaped surface of back up plate 1 can be used tungsten carbide button's block, PDC wear-resistant block or built-up welding resistance to The modes such as adjustment layer gold promote wearability.In the present embodiment, the backup executing agency is by drill body 4, push rod 6, cart 2, branch Strut 3, back up plate 1, cylindrical pin shape at link mechanism, on top force application mechanism be applied to push rod 6 power it is constant when, according to lever Principle, the pitch-row (as shown in Figure 6) of support rod 3 just determines the power size of the backup arc plate lower part circular arc backup borehole wall, therefore this is pushed away It can be according to the needs of actual well drilled technique and formation condition, by replacing the support rod of different pitch-rows to backup power by executing agency It is adjusted, thus there is more preferably applicability.
Backup executing agency provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can apply in various drilling tools, and as shown in Figure 1 is A part of drilling tool, backup executing agency include it is multiple, around the circumferentially distributed of drill body surface.Wherein, drilling system Type include but is not limited to following several:
1, it is used for automatic vertical drilling system
The backup executing agency can be used for pushing type automatic vertical drilling system, when hole deviation sensing device measures well track When run-off the straight, under the control of top electric-control system and force application mechanism, thrust is applied to push rod in hydraulic or mechanical mode, And then the backup executing agency is pushed to push borehole wall flash to, under the action of borehole wall reaction force, drill bit is in the low side side of wellbore Aggravation cutting is that drilling direction is replied vertically.
2, it is used for rotary steering system
The backup executing agency can be used for rotary steerable drilling system, finger of the rotary steerable drilling system in Ground Engineer Under order, applies thrust from force application mechanism to push rod, the backup executing agency is made to push the borehole wall to, realize directional drilling or orientation drill Into.
3, have for no-dig technique orientation drill
The backup executing agency can be used for non-development orientation drilling tool, and non-development orientation drilling tool is under the control of drilling engineer By the backup executing agency push to the borehole wall realize no-dig technique orientation drill into.
4, other possible service conditions
The backup executing agency can be applied to other service conditions according to the design requirement of drilling tool or other equipments.
Steering drilling tool provided by the present invention is described in detail with backup executing agency and drilling tool above.Herein Apply that a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, the explanation of above example is only intended to help Understand core of the invention thought.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from the present invention , can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention under the premise of principle, these improvement and modification also fall into right of the present invention It is required that protection scope in.

Claims (10)

1. steering drilling tool backup executing agency characterized by comprising
For the back up plate for the reaction force that backup makes drilling tool obtain the borehole wall, back up plate to be carried out in steering drilling system to the borehole wall One end be articulated on drill body;
Cart, the cart are arranged in the groove of drill body;
Driving device, the driving device are connect with cart, drive cart in groove along the axial movement of drill body;With And
Support rod, described support rod one end and cart are pivotally connected;The other end and back up plate are pivotally connected, and when cart is moved, support Bar can will push against plate and prop up;
The driving device includes push rod, and one end of push rod is connected with cart, the other end and the force application part for being located at push rod top It is connected.
2. steering drilling tool according to claim 1 backup executing agency, which is characterized in that the cart includes car body, The wheel contacted with groove floor is installed on car body, under driving device effect, wheel can move in groove with motor vehicles bodies, And support rod pivot is propped up.
3. steering drilling tool according to claim 2 backup executing agency, which is characterized in that the middle part of the car body is by structure Pivot mounting is produced, the first pivot is installed thereon, one end of support rod is set on the first pivot, and the other end passes through second The pivot joint of the middle part of pivot and back up plate.
4. steering drilling tool according to claim 3 backup executing agency, which is characterized in that the both ends of the second pivot are equipped with With its axial corresponding threaded hole, plug wire is installed in threaded hole.
5. steering drilling tool according to claim 1 backup executing agency, which is characterized in that the cart two sides are equipped with limit First position-limit mechanism of the cart processed along drill body radial motion.
6. steering drilling tool according to claim 5 backup executing agency, which is characterized in that the first position-limit mechanism packet Construction is included in the groove of car body two sides, screw is extend into drill body by the threaded hole on drill body and is pressed in the vehicle On the groove of body two sides.
7. steering drilling tool according to claim 1 backup executing agency, which is characterized in that the front end of the cart is equipped with Second position-limit mechanism, the second position-limit mechanism limit maximum in groove of cart and release distance, and guarantee maximum release away from From under, the lower part of back up plate generates gap without departing from drill body.
8. steering drilling tool according to claim 7 backup executing agency, which is characterized in that the second position-limit mechanism packet Include the gag lever post that cart front end is set, sheathed spring on gag lever post, in cart compressed spring to gag lever post and drill body When groove ends face contact, that is, reach the maximum release distance.
9. -8 any steering drilling tool backup executing agency according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the back up plate Plate face is arc, is divided into top cambered surface and lower part cambered surface, and the cambered surface radius of lower part cambered surface is consistent with borehole wall radius.
10. a kind of drilling tool, which is characterized in that execute machine including any steering drilling tool backup of multiple claim 1-9 Structure, the backup executing agency along drill body all EDS maps.
CN201611124160.2A 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 Steering drilling tool backup executing agency and drilling tool Active CN106401477B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110261094B (en) * 2019-07-17 2023-12-19 中国地质大学(北京) Test device of pushing mechanism of vertical drilling system
CN111852450A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-30 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 External hinge type active retraction pushing mechanism for BH-VDT tool
CN115324496B (en) * 2022-08-23 2024-03-19 西南石油大学 Hydraulic pushing control directional drilling tool

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