CN106401477A - Pushing executing mechanism for steerable drilling tool and drilling tool - Google Patents

Pushing executing mechanism for steerable drilling tool and drilling tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106401477A
CN106401477A CN201611124160.2A CN201611124160A CN106401477A CN 106401477 A CN106401477 A CN 106401477A CN 201611124160 A CN201611124160 A CN 201611124160A CN 106401477 A CN106401477 A CN 106401477A
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China
Prior art keywords
cart
drilling tool
backup
plate
groove
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Granted
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CN201611124160.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106401477B (en
Inventor
刘宝林
薛启龙
李立鑫
赵柳东
李昕愉
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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Priority to CN201611124160.2A priority Critical patent/CN106401477B/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E21B15/04Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for directional drilling, e.g. slant hole rigs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/10Correction of deflected boreholes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pushing executing mechanism for a steerable drilling tool. The pushing executing mechanism comprises a pushing plate, a cart, a driving device and a supporting rod; one end of the pushing plate is pivoted to a drilling tool body; the cart is arranged in a groove formed in the drilling tool body; the driving device is connected with the cart and drives the cart to move in the groove in the axial direction of the drilling body; one end of the supporting rod is pivoted to the cart, and the other end of the supporting rod is pivoted to the pushing plate, and when the cart moves, the support can support the pushing plate. The invention further provides the drilling tool with the pushing executing mechanism.

Description

Steering drilling tool backup actuator and drilling tool
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of backup actuator, particularly a kind of steering drilling tool backup actuator and include this and push away Drilling tool by actuator.
Background technology
With oil and gas development, the continuing to increase of geological prospecting difficulty, drilling engineering is faced with bigger challenge, traditional cunning The navigational drilling techniques such as dynamic drilling are difficult to meet the technical requirements of modern drilling process.In recent years, automatic vertical drilling system, The trend of era development has been complied with the application of rotary steering system, multiple in vertical deep-well, directional well, extended reach well, horizontal well etc. Miscellaneous structure well field obtains huge technological contribution.At present, because pushing type actuator has guiding reliable feature rapidly, lead To the actuator using pushing type more than well system, that is, back up plate or the backup wing are in top hole deviation induction control system and hydraulic pressure Push the borehole wall under the control of system so that drilling tool obtains the counteracting force of the borehole wall, exacerbate the cutting in borehole wall opposite side for the drill bit Effect, plays the effect controlling well track, realizes orientation, guide digging.
Existing backup mechanism mostly is the backup wing or back up plate by the structure design of the backup piston ejection of its underpart, and such sets Separate with drill body after the backup wing of meter or back up plate release, the rock dust in annular space easily enters backup mechanism and jam, shadow occur Ring the normal use of drilling tool.In existing backup actuator have consumable accessory it is impossible to bear the vibration in drilling process more And alternate stress, the problems such as easily occur screw loosening, pin to rupture, and backup is installed using the backup wing or back up plate bottom and lives The structure of plug, leads to radial dimension little big, is unfavorable for designing and developing of minor diameter drilling tool.And, existing backup mechanism is originally Body is passive design, and backup power size depends on the ejecting force of backup piston, and backup mechanism does not possess backup power regulatory function, Limited by the scope of application.Additionally, adopting planar design the existing backup wing or back up plate, during backup, only having the backup wing or backup edges of boards more Edge is contacted with the borehole wall, and its contact area is less, leads to stablizing when back up plate or the backup wing and borehole wall serious wear, drilling tool work The problems such as property is poor, hole quality is poor.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of backup actuator of steering drilling tool, its backup action executing is rapid, backup Wellbore stability is reliable.
To achieve these goals, in a first aspect, a kind of steering drilling tool backup actuator of present invention offer, wrap Include:
Back up plate;One end of back up plate is articulated on drill body;
Go-cart, described go-cart is arranged in the groove of drill body;
Driving means, described driving means are connected with go-cart, drive go-cart axial direction fortune along drill body in groove Dynamic;And
Support bar, described support bar one end and go-cart pivot joint;The other end and back up plate pivot joint, and when making go-cart campaign, Support bar can will push against plate and prop up.
Alternatively and preferably, described go-cart includes car body, and car body is provided with the wheel being contacted with groove floor, is driving Under dynamic device effect, wheel can carry motor vehicles bodies to move in groove, and support bar pivot is propped up.
Alternatively and preferably, the middle part of described car body is configured with pivot mounting, is provided with the first pivot thereon, One end of strut is set on the first pivot, and the other end passes through the middle part pivot joint of the second pivot and back up plate.
Alternatively and preferably, the two ends of the second pivot are provided with and its corresponding screwed hole of axial direction, install in screwed hole Plug wire.
Alternatively and preferably, described go-cart both sides are provided with the first position restrainer limiting go-cart along drill body radial motion Structure.
Alternatively and preferably, described first position-limit mechanism includes constructing the groove in car body both sides, and screw passes through drilling tool Screwed hole on body extend in drill body and is pressed on the groove of described car body both sides.
Alternatively and preferably, the front end of described go-cart is provided with the second position-limit mechanism, and the second position-limit mechanism limits go-cart and exists Maximum release distance in groove, and ensure to release under distance in this maximum, the bottom of back up plate is without departing from drill body Produce space.
Alternatively and preferably, described second position-limit mechanism includes being arranged on the gag lever post of go-cart front end, and gag lever post covers If spring, during groove end contact in go-cart compression spring to gag lever post and drill body, that is, reach described maximum release away from From.
Alternatively and preferably, the plate face of described back up plate is arc.
Second aspect, present invention also offers a kind of drilling tool, executes including the drilling tool backup described in multiple first aspects Mechanism, described backup actuator is along all EDS maps of drill body.
The present invention provide a kind of backup actuator of drilling tool, be arranged in the groove of drill body, including back up plate, Support bar and go-cart, go-cart is moved under the driving of driving means in groove.Support bar and back up plate pivot joint are passed through in go-cart, push away The end of backup plate is articulated on drill body, and when go-cart is promoted, support bar rise will push against plate and props up realization to the borehole wall Backup, this backup mode, according to lever principle, is no longer rely on piston, and backup action executing ground is directly rapid, and frictional resistance is little, And backup is solid and reliable.
Brief description
The perspective view of the steering drilling tool backup actuator that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
The master of the steering drilling tool backup actuator that Fig. 2 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention cuts open structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the inner side perspective view of the back up plate of backup actuator;
Fig. 4 is the outside perspective view of the back up plate of backup actuator;
Fig. 5 is the go-cart body construction schematic diagram of backup actuator;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the support bar of backup actuator;
Fig. 7 is the perspective view under the state of backup actuator maximum release location.
In figure:
1- back up plate;101- pin-and-hole;102- flange;103- pin-and-hole;104- top cambered surface;105- bottom cambered surface;106- spiral shell Pit;107- end cambered surface;2- go-cart;201- car body;202- wheel;203- through hole;204- pin-and-hole;205- groove;206- leads to Hole;207- pin-and-hole;3- support bar;301- through hole;302- through hole;4- drill body;401- flange;402- end face;5- screw;6- Push rod;7- first pivot;8- second pivot;9- the 3rd pivot;10- plug wire;11- gag lever post;12- spring;13- screw;14- presses Block;15- bearing pin.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description The present invention is described in further detail.
Steering drilling tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention backup actuator, is carried out for pushing away the borehole wall in NDS Backup, so that drilling tool obtains the counteracting force of the borehole wall, exacerbates the shear action in borehole wall opposite side for the drill bit, plays control well The effect of track, realizes orientation, guide digging.
Backup actuator is arranged on the side face of drill body, and quantity can be multiple, and is evenly distributed.For example Can be spaced apart in 90 ° or 120 °.As shown in figures 1 to 6, each backup actuator mainly includes back up plate 1, go-cart 2nd, support bar 3 and driving means (in order to see internal structure clearly in Fig. 1, eliminating back up plate).Wherein, go-cart 2 is arranged on drilling tool In the groove of body 4, and it is connected with driving means, in the presence of driving means, go-cart 2 can in groove along drilling tool originally The axially-movable of body 4.One end of support bar 3 is articulated in go-cart 2, and the other end is articulated in the inner side of back up plate 1, and the one of back up plate Individual end (upper end) is articulated on drill body 4, can pivot along this drill body 4.So, go-cart 2, support bar 3 and backup Plate 1 is the formation of a linkage based on lever principle, and when driving means promote go-cart campaign, support bar 3 occurs pivot Turn and will push against plate 1 to prop up so as to be resisted against on the borehole wall.This backup execution action does not need piston, directly rapidly, friction resistance Power is little, and backup is solid and reliable.
In certain embodiments, go-cart 2 includes car body 201 and is arranged on wheel 202 on car body 201, wheel 202 with Groove floor is rolling friction, thus resistance is less, and wheel 202 and car body 201 can be connected by bearing pin.Concrete as one Embodiment, the structure of car body 202 is in substantially flat, so can save the space in limited drill body.In car The strip through hole 203 of insertion car body is opened up, the side wall of through hole 203 opens up pin-and-hole 204, wheel 202 is passed through at the corner of body Bearing pin 15 shown in Fig. 1 is arranged in each strip through hole 203, so can avoid recessed in wheel 202 and drill body 4 Groove contacts, and reduces frictional resistance.Preferably, car body 201 both sides in go-cart are provided with restriction go-cart and radially transport along drill body 4 The first dynamic position-limit mechanism.First position-limit mechanism can include being built into the groove near both sides of the edge for the car body middle part surface 205 and the screw 5 that penetrates from the screwed hole of drill body, the ailhead of screw 5 is pressed on groove 205, to limit car body 201 Radial motion.The driving means driving go-cart 2 motion include push rod 6, and one end of push rod 6 is connected with the car body 201 of go-cart 2, separately One end is connected (not shown) with conventional driving means in the plant equipment such as hydraulic mechanism, motor.It is different from existing backup Mechanism's force application part (as backup piston) is located at the design structure of the backup wing or back up plate bottom, the force of this backup actuator Part is located at push rod 6 top, can discharge radial space to a great extent, is conducive to the design of minor diameter steering tool and grinds Send out.
Two through holes be arrangeding in parallel 206 can be opened up at the middle part of car body 201, each through hole 206 respectively arranges one Strut 3, and the side wall of through hole 206 is provided with pin-and-hole 207, the bottom of two support bars 3 also have pin-and-hole 301 and with car body on Pin-and-hole 207 position correspond to, pin-and-hole 207,301 is passed through by the first pivot 7 (as straight pin) thus by two support bars 3 and car Body 201 is pivotally connected.It is constructed out two grooves generally corresponding to support bar 3 position inside back up plate 1, also set in groove There is pin-and-hole 101, the upper end of two support bars 3 has the corresponding pin-and-hole in position 302, and is connected in groove by the second pivot 8, Thus support bar 3 just can pivot between go-cart 2 and back up plate 1.The upper end of back up plate 1 is constructed out two flanges 102, convex The pin-and-hole 103 of insertion is offered along side on edge 102, the interval and two flanges 102 between is constructed on drill body 4 The flange 401 of coupling, and the pin-and-hole of the corresponding insertion in position is provided with also along side on this flange 401.The upper end of back up plate 1 It is connected on this flange 401 by the 3rd pivot 9, realize the pivot around drill body 4 for the back up plate.In order to prevent each pivot from existing Out of stock during backup actuator work, it is provided with briquetting 14 at the two ends of the 3rd pivot 9, and fixing with screw 13, in back up plate 1 The two ends (i.e. the second pivot 8 two ends) in portion are provided with and its corresponding screwed hole 106 of axial direction, install plug wire 10 in screwed hole 106. Used in the backup actuator that the present embodiment provides, the size of the consumable accessory such as bearing pin (i.e. each pivot), screw can be according to concrete Use requirement carries out flexible design, meanwhile, though this mechanism employs screw element, is not main stress part, only puts Pine can meet use requirement after processing, therefore the reliability of this backup actuator greatly promotes.
Existing backup actuator generally adopts the piston backup borehole wall, and actuator blocked portion often occurs during work Situation.Inventor finds, is the reason cause this blocked portion situation, piston and drill body be kept completely separate so that piston with Space is defined, now the aerial bulky grain landwaste of well internal ring will enter inside backup actuator, right between drill body The action of actuator causes to hinder.For solving this problem, in a preferred embodiment, the front end of go-cart 2 is provided with the second limit Position mechanism, the second position-limit mechanism limits maximum release distance in groove for the go-cart 2, and ensures to release under distance in this maximum, The bottom of back up plate 1 produces space without departing from drill body.Due to space will not be produced in backup during executing, just Can prevent bulky grain landwaste from entering into inside backup actuator, thus avoiding actuator action blocked portion, the feelings of failure Condition occurs.In certain embodiments, the second position-limit mechanism includes being arranged on car body front end gag lever post 11, the outer sheath of gag lever post 11 It is provided with spring 12 and fix so that spring 12 will not be compressed and arch upward.When backup actuator works, bullet is compressed in go-cart 2 Spring 12, until when gag lever post 11 contacts the groove end face 402 in drill body, that is, reach what go-cart 2 can move ahead in groove Ultimate range, here distance under, although back up plate is propped up by support bar 3, surface of drill stem formed bottom be upturned prominent Shape, but the inside edge of back up plate 1 should still remain in the groove of drill body 4, so that back up plate 1 will not and bore Tool body 4 occurs to separate, it is to avoid form space (as shown in Figure 7).Because back up plate 1 will not be pushed out drill body groove all the time Design, isolated the bulky grain landwaste in drilling fluid, only allow the drilling fluid of liquid enter backup actuator internal so that Bearing pin is under the lubrication of drilling fluid all the time.The maximum design releasing distance can be by gag lever post 11 length, support bar 3 In length and support bar 3, the restriction of distance of pivot points etc. reaches the effect above, and the concrete numerical value of distance can be according to drilling tool Size and borehole space the actual adjustment of size, be not construed as limiting the invention.From.Additionally, working as backup mechanism not work When making, go-cart 2 is pushed back the spring 12 of compression initial position it is ensured that back up plate 1 and drill body 4 are in fit-state, in case There is bit freezing during only making a trip.
The outer surface of back up plate 1 is preferably arc, that is, constitute arc back up plate.The cambered surface of back up plate 1 is divided into upper and lower two Point, top cambered surface 104 is longer, bottom cambered surface 105 shorter (end is end cambered surface 107), and its middle and lower part cambered surface 105 is used for and well Wall directly contact.The cambered surface radius of bottom cambered surface 105 and borehole wall radius are always it is ensured that at bottom cambered surface 105 and the borehole wall when contacting In fit-state, thus increased contact area, reduce surface pressure, and then reduce back up plate 1 and borehole wall abrasion, enter one Step improves the service life of backup actuator, simultaneously effective improves the stability during drilling tool backup borehole wall, and can obtain Obtain hole quality well.The bottom arc-shaped surface of back up plate 1 can be resistance to using tungsten carbide button's block, PDC wear-resistant block or built-up welding The modes such as break-in layer gold lift wearability.In the present embodiment, this backup actuator by drill body 4, push rod 6, go-cart 2, Strut 3, back up plate 1, straight pin form linkage, when the power that top force application mechanism is applied to push rod 6 is constant, according to lever Principle, the pitch-row (as shown in Figure 6) of support bar 3 just determines the power size of the backup arc plate bottom circular arc backup borehole wall, therefore this pushes away Can be according to the needs of actual well drilled technique and formation condition, by changing the support bar of different pitch-rows to backup power by actuator It is adjusted, thus there is the more preferably suitability.
Backup actuator provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can apply in the middle of various drilling tools, and as shown in Figure 1 is A part for drilling tool, backup actuator include multiple, circumferentially distributed round drill body surface.Wherein, drilling system Type including but not limited to following several:
1st, it is used for automatic vertical drilling system
This backup actuator can be used for pushing type automatic vertical drilling system, when hole deviation induction installation records well track During run-off the straight, under the control of top electric-control system and force application mechanism, in the way of hydraulic pressure or machinery, apply thrust to push rod, And then promote this backup actuator to push borehole wall flash to, in the presence of borehole wall counteracting force, drill bit is in well low side side Aggravation cutting, is that drilling direction is replied vertically.
2nd, it is used for rotary steering system
This backup actuator can be used for rotary steerable drilling system, and rotary steerable drilling system is in the finger of Ground Engineer Under order, thrust is applied to push rod from force application mechanism, makes this backup actuator push the borehole wall to, realize directional drilling or orientation drill Enter.
3rd, it is used for no-dig technique steering drilling tool
This backup actuator can be used for non-development orientation drilling tool, and non-development orientation drilling tool is under the control of drilling engineer This backup actuator is pushed to the borehole wall and realizes no-dig technique guide digging.
4th, other possible service conditions
This backup actuator can be applied to other service conditions according to the design requirement of drilling tool or other equipments.
Above steering drilling tool backup actuator provided by the present invention and drilling tool are described in detail.Herein Apply specific case the principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above example is only intended to help Understand the core concept of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the present invention On the premise of principle, the present invention can also be carried out with some improvement and modify, these improve and modification also falls into right of the present invention In the protection domain requiring.

Claims (10)

1. steering drilling tool with backup actuator it is characterised in that include:
Back up plate, one end of back up plate is articulated on drill body;
Go-cart, described go-cart is arranged in the groove of drill body;
Driving means, described driving means are connected with go-cart, drive go-cart along the axially-movable of drill body in groove;With And
Support bar, described support bar one end and go-cart pivot joint;The other end and back up plate pivot joint, and when making go-cart campaign, support Bar can will push against plate and prop up.
2. steering drilling tool backup actuator according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described go-cart includes car body, The wheel being contacted with groove floor is provided with car body, under driving means effect, wheel can carry motor vehicles bodies to move in groove, And support bar pivot is propped up.
3. steering drilling tool according to claim 2 with backup actuator it is characterised in that the middle part of described car body is by structure Produce pivot mounting, the first pivot is installed thereon, one end of support bar is set on the first pivot, the other end passes through second Pivot and the middle part pivot joint of back up plate.
4. steering drilling tool backup actuator according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that the two ends of the second pivot are provided with With its corresponding screwed hole of axial direction, screwed hole is installed plug wire.
5. steering drilling tool backup actuator according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described go-cart both sides are provided with limit Go-cart processed is along the first position-limit mechanism of drill body radial motion.
6. steering drilling tool according to claim 5 with backup actuator it is characterised in that described first position-limit mechanism bag Include the groove in car body both sides for the construction, screw is extend in drill body by the screwed hole on drill body and is pressed in described car On the groove of body both sides.
7. steering drilling tool backup actuator according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the front end of described go-cart is provided with Second position-limit mechanism, the second position-limit mechanism limits maximum in groove of go-cart and releases distance, and ensure the release of this maximum away from From under, the bottom of back up plate produces space without departing from drill body.
8. steering drilling tool according to claim 7 with backup actuator it is characterised in that described second position-limit mechanism bag Include the gag lever post being arranged on go-cart front end, sheathed spring on gag lever post, in go-cart compression spring to gag lever post and drill body During groove end contact, that is, reach described maximum release distance.
9. according to the arbitrary described steering drilling tool of claim 1-8 with backup actuator it is characterised in that described back up plate Plate face is arc.
10. a kind of drilling tool executes machine it is characterised in that including the arbitrary described steering drilling tool backup of multiple claim 1-9 Structure, described backup actuator is along all EDS maps of drill body.
CN201611124160.2A 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 Steering drilling tool backup executing agency and drilling tool Active CN106401477B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110261094A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-09-20 中国地质大学(北京) A kind of experimental rig of vertical drill system backup mechanism
CN111852450A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-30 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 External hinge type active retraction pushing mechanism for BH-VDT tool
CN115324496A (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-11 西南石油大学 Hydraulic pushing control directional drilling tool

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CN206352480U (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-07-25 中国地质大学(北京) Steering drilling tool backup executing agency and drilling tool

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110261094A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-09-20 中国地质大学(北京) A kind of experimental rig of vertical drill system backup mechanism
CN110261094B (en) * 2019-07-17 2023-12-19 中国地质大学(北京) Test device of pushing mechanism of vertical drilling system
CN111852450A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-30 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 External hinge type active retraction pushing mechanism for BH-VDT tool
CN115324496A (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-11 西南石油大学 Hydraulic pushing control directional drilling tool
CN115324496B (en) * 2022-08-23 2024-03-19 西南石油大学 Hydraulic pushing control directional drilling tool

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