CN106392100B - A kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error - Google Patents
A kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error Download PDFInfo
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- CN106392100B CN106392100B CN201610978267.7A CN201610978267A CN106392100B CN 106392100 B CN106392100 B CN 106392100B CN 201610978267 A CN201610978267 A CN 201610978267A CN 106392100 B CN106392100 B CN 106392100B
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- value
- error
- track
- roughing
- semifinishing
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/16—Compensation for wear of the tool
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error, including：The intersecting point coordinate that revolving parts measure after roughing with the adjacent two contour lines section of part obtains X, the roughing surplus in Z-direction；Semifinishing track is determined according to roughing surplus, and semifinishing is carried out to the revolving parts after roughing, and measures the intersecting point coordinate of the adjacent two contour lines section of revolving parts after semifinishing, obtains X, semi-finished margin of error in Z-direction；Revolving parts after semifinishing are finished, wherein compensating determining finish machining track to semi-finished margin of error by lathe in finishing, realize the adaptive method for turning of the on-line checking of large slewing parts.The method of the present invention is eliminated because of processes composition error caused by the factors such as tool wear, parts fixation, hardness is uneven, the machining accuracy of large revolving body part greatly improved by measuring the accessory size in process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerical control workshop field more particularly to a kind of revolving parts turning can compensate for form error
Processing method.
Background technology
Large slewing parts frequently encounter tool wear problem when being processed on lathe.Specifically, it is each rotate into
Under, Tool in Cutting length is a circle, and after the cross section profile processing of part, the length that part is cut is that (wherein, D is back π DL/s
Turn diameter, L is cutting cross-sectional length, s be often rotate into), it can be seen that diameter of part is bigger from formula, required cutting is grown
Degree is longer.On the other hand, it is especially prominent in heavy parts processing that abrasion of cutting tool problem is can be seen that in actual processing,
With a diameter of 450mm of actual processing, certain slewing parts shape of long 2000mm, the diameter difference of beginning and end is in 0.5mm
More than, this form error its producing cause be large revolving body part in process, cutter can be with length of cut
Increase is gradually worn out, which cannot detect adjustment cutter parameters to solve by hand completely, usually therefore influence product
Quality and manufacturing schedule.
In addition, there is also parts fixation problems when being processed on lathe for large slewing parts, i.e., when External Shape is processed,
It cannot such as use and can constantly subtract from the distal-to-proximal of clamping point because cutting torsion using when tailstock centre clamping or interior hole machined
It is small, and big, the small part shape error in proximal end in distal end is formed, which can increase because part length increases, therefore for big
Type part, the error influence very big.Meanwhile for heavy parts, same block of material exists in different points, material hardness numerical value
The difference of 3~5HRc, can cause finishing when, because hardness difference cause profile difference allow knife difference due to generate machining profile miss
Difference.
To solve the above problems, disclosing a kind of online inspection in the patent CN201110334923.7 of applicant's earlier application
Self-adapting compensation method is surveyed, this method first carries out roughing to revolving parts, measures on revolving parts endoporus axial cross section
The margin of error δ of the radius of the intersection point of two adjacent contour line sections and the radius of two-end-point1.Semifinishing lathe tool is theoretical later
Radius of machining is that the machining locus antinode of δ/2 X1- and two-end-point carry out semifinishing, measures intersection point and both ends in semifinishing
The real radius of point, and obtain semi-finished margin of error δ1′.The main shaft of lathe tool and cutter when being finished turns
Speed, feed speed are identical as semifinishing, and CNC system for lathe is to semi-finished margin of error δ during finishing1' carry out
Compensation.The technical solution can solve mismachining tolerance caused by tool wear in process to a certain extent.
But due to can only be detected perpendicular to axis, this method is in detection sectional plane oblique line and axis angle or curve
It is smaller with detection error of axis angle of curvature when smaller, detection sectional plane oblique line and axis angle or curve and the axis angle of curvature compared with
When big, error is very big, cannot be detected safely in shape profile normal axis, and therefore, above-mentioned self-adapting compensation method application has
Compared with big limitation so that its caused by tool wear in solving process when mismachining tolerance still.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of turning can compensate for form error
Processing method carries out machining by more optimal tool wear adaptive equalization mode, can effectively reduce due to
The factors such as tool wear and the part shape error generated improve part processing precision and production efficiency.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, a kind of revolving parts turnery processing can compensate for form error is provided
Method, including：
To measuring the intersection point of adjacent two contour lines section on External Shape or inner hole section after revolving parts progress roughing
Coordinate, by obtaining X compared with the final theoretical coordinate value of the intersection point, the roughing surplus (δ x, δ z) in Z-direction；
Semifinishing track is determined according to the roughing surplus, and half is carried out to the revolving parts after roughing
Finishing, and the intersecting point coordinate of each adjacent two contour lines section on revolving parts shape or inner hole section is measured after semifinishing,
X is relatively obtained with the semifinishing theoretical coordinate value of the intersection point, semi-finished margin of error (δ x ＇, δ z ＇) in Z-direction；
Revolving parts after semifinishing are finished, wherein by lathe to semifinishing in finishing
The margin of error (δ x ＇, δ z ＇) compensate determining finish machining track, i.e., set finish machining track value to final theoretical value and half
The difference of the margin of error of finishing or the sum of, to complete to finish, realize the adaptive vehicle of the on-line checking of large slewing parts
Cut processing method.
As present invention further optimization, the track value of the finishing includes the track value and Z of the finishing of X-direction
The track value of the finishing in direction compensates semi-finished margin of error (δ x ＇, δ z ＇) by lathe in the finishing
Specially by the track value of the finishing of X-direction be X-direction final theoretical value and X-direction the semifinishing margin of error and/or
The difference of person, the track value of the finishing of Z-direction be set as Z-direction final theoretical value and Z-direction the semifinishing margin of error it
With or difference.
As present invention further optimization, the semifinishing track is determined as final theoretical value and roughing surplus
The sum of half or difference, i.e., semi-finished track value of X-direction be X-direction final theoretical value and X-direction roughing
The sum of half of surplus or difference, semi-finished track value of Z-direction be Z-direction final theoretical value and Z-direction it is thick
The sum of half of allowance or difference.
As present invention further optimization, semi-finished margin of error is the actually detected value of semifinishing and half essence
The difference of the track value of processing.
Described when being processed as revolving parts shape as present invention further optimization, finish machining track value is set as
The difference of final theoretical value and semi-finished margin of error, semifinishing track is determined as the one of final theoretical value and roughing surplus
Half difference.
Described when being processed as revolving parts endoporus as present invention further optimization, finish machining track value is set as
Final the sum of theoretical value and semi-finished margin of error, semifinishing track is determined as the one of final theoretical value and roughing surplus
The sum of half.
As present invention further optimization, the roughing surplus is the workpiece actual size and final reason after roughing
By the difference of size.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, have below beneficial to effect
Fruit：
(1) it in the method for the present invention, is detected in real time by carrying out error in X, Z both direction, and by roughing, half essence
The process of processing and finishing obtains the semifinishing margin of error according to roughing surplus, and using the margin of error to finishing
Carry out error compensation, you can realize and compensate the form error of revolving parts；
(2) the method for the present invention can be eliminated by measuring the accessory size in process because tool wear, part fill
Processes composition error caused by folder, the factors such as hardness is uneven, greatly improved the machining accuracy of large revolving body part.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are added according to the revolving parts method for turning turning that can compensate for form error of the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic diagram of work revolving body appearance profile；
Fig. 1 b are added according to the revolving parts method for turning turning that can compensate for form error of the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic diagram of work revolving body internal bore profile；
Fig. 2 is according to the detection in the revolving parts method for turning that can compensate for form error of the embodiment of the present invention
Both direction margin of error schematic diagram after point roughing.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
The adaptive turnery processing of on-line checking of large slewing parts constructed by one embodiment according to the invention
Method includes the following steps：
(1) the rough turn machining profile of roughing tool is used, theoretical Vehicle Processing surplus δ is stayed；
(2) with gauge head, in one point of each profile near intersections survey of part, (method of gauge head detection belongs to existing in the industry
Technology, it is no longer superfluous herein using the method that may be used disclosed in the patent 201210352231.X of applicant's earlier application
It states.)
Compare the both direction margin of error i.e. roughing surplus, wherein X-direction of workpiece actual size and final theoretical size
Margin of error δ x=X1- X0(δ x shown in Fig. 1 and 2 is half mass runoff error amount in the present embodiment, such as uses diameter calculation, the margin of error
To illustrate 2 times of δ x), Z-direction margin of error δ z=Z1- Z0。
Wherein, X0For each final theoretical size of test point X-direction, X1It is examined for each test point X-direction roughing rear profile
Measurement ruler cun, Z0For each final theoretical size of test point Z-direction, Z1For each test point X-direction roughing rear profile detection ruler
It is very little.
The both direction margin of error of each test point is kept records of in CNC system for lathe in order, preferably every δ x
It is sequentially stored in continuous address bit, X-direction knife is such as stored in and mends address bit：#10020 (sets No. 20 knives as starting point), #
10021, #10022 ... ..., every δ z stores another group of continuous address bit successively, is such as stored in Z-direction knife and mends address
Position：#11020 (sets No. 20 knives as starting point), #11021, #11022 ... ....
In one embodiment, a certain section of machining locus is circular arc, then programming is programmed by end coordinate values, with FANUC
For system, if machining locus is shown in that Fig. 2, starting point coordinate are (X0, Z0), terminal point coordinate is (X1, Z1), radius r, program knot
Structure is：G3X1Z1Rr.
(3) use semifinishing lathe tool machining profile, the machined parameters of wherein machined parameters and finishing completely the same.Half essence
Process tool uses in groups with finishing tool, and processing content should ensure that unanimously, calculate each processing theory track intersection point automatically
Coordinate value (X, Z), wherein：
When processing excircles, X input values are X0+ δ x/2, Z input values are Z0+δZ/2；When processing endoporus, X input values are X0- δ
x/2；Z input values are Z0- δZ/2.I.e. semi-finished theory locus line be set as final theoretical value and roughing surplus half it
(outer circle) or difference (endoporus).
Wherein X0For each final theoretical size of test point X-direction, δXThe test point is in X-direction margin of error position, that is, roughing
X-direction surplus afterwards, δZFor Z-direction surplus of the test point after Z-direction margin of error position, that is, roughing.
A point is surveyed in each profile near intersections of part with gauge head, compares workpiece actual size and semifinishing theory ruler
The very little both direction margin of error, wherein X-direction margin of error δ x ＇=X1＇-X0＇, the Z-direction margin of error δ z ＇=Z1＇-Z0＇.
X0＇ is each test point X-direction semifinishing theoretical size, that is, X0+ δ x/2 or X0- δ x/2, X1＇ is each detection
Point X-direction semifinishing rear profile detected size, Z0＇ is each test point Z-direction semifinishing theoretical size, that is, Z0+δZ/ 2 or
Z0- δZ/ 2, Z1＇ is each test point X-direction semifinishing rear profile detected size.
In one embodiment, the both direction margin of error of each test point is kept records of in order in CNC system for lathe
In, preferably every keeps records of in continuous address bit, is such as stored in X-direction knife and mends address bit：#10040 (set No. 40 knives as
Starting point), #10041, #10042 ... ..., every δ z store another group of continuous address bit successively, are such as stored in Z-direction knife benefit
Address bit：#11040 (sets No. 40 knives as starting point), #11041, #11042 ... ....
(4) with another the finishing lathe tool finished profile consistent with semifinishing, machined parameters and half smart car
Machining profile is consistent, segmented compensation mismachining tolerance, i.e.,
When processing excircles, each point X input values are revised as X0- δx＇, Z input value are revised as X0- δZ＇；When processing endoporus, respectively
Point X input values are revised as X0+δX＇, Z input value are revised as X0+δZ＇.Wherein, X0The final theoretical input value of the detection point, δX＇ is
The detection point X-direction margin of error, δz＇ is the point Z-direction margin of error.
Pass through the above-mentioned compensation in finishing, you can realization adds the adaptive turning of the on-line checking of large slewing parts
Work overcomes and cuts error caused by the factors such as tool wear.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error, including：
To measuring the intersecting point coordinate of adjacent two contour lines section on External Shape or inner hole section after revolving parts progress roughing,
By obtaining X compared with the final theoretical coordinate value of the intersection point, the roughing surplus (δ x, δ z) in Z-direction；
Semifinishing track is determined according to the roughing surplus, and half finishing is carried out to the revolving parts after roughing
Work, and the intersecting point coordinate of each adjacent two contour lines section on revolving parts shape or inner hole section is measured after semifinishing, with this
The semifinishing theoretical coordinate value of intersection point relatively obtains X, semi-finished margin of error (δ x ＇, δ z ＇) in Z-direction, half finishing
Work track be determined as the sum of half of final theoretical value and roughing surplus or difference, i.e. semi-finished track of X-direction
Value be the final theoretical value of X-direction and the sum of the half of roughing surplus of X-direction or difference, Z-direction it is semi-finished
Track value be the final theoretical value of Z-direction and the sum of the half of roughing surplus of Z-direction or difference, it is described semi-finished
The margin of error is the difference of semifinishing actually detected value and semi-finished track value；
Revolving parts after semifinishing are finished, wherein by lathe to semi-finished mistake in finishing
Residual quantity (δ x ＇, δ z ＇) compensates determining finish machining track, and the track value of the finishing includes the track of the finishing of X-direction
The track value of the finishing of value and Z-direction carries out semi-finished margin of error (δ x ＇, δ z ＇) by lathe in the finishing
Compensation be specially by the track value of the finishing of X-direction be X-direction final theoretical value and X-direction the semifinishing margin of error it
With or difference, the track value of the finishing of Z-direction is set as the final theoretical value of Z-direction and the semifinishing error of Z-direction
Amount the sum of or difference realize the adaptive method for turning of the on-line checking of large slewing parts to complete to finish.
2. a kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error according to claim 1, wherein described
When being processed as revolving parts shape, finish machining track value is set as the difference of final theoretical value and semi-finished margin of error, and half
Finish machining track is determined as the difference of the half of final theoretical value and roughing surplus.
3. a kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
It is described when being processed as revolving parts endoporus, finish machining track value be set as final theoretical value and semi-finished margin of error it
With semifinishing track is determined as the sum of the half of final theoretical value and roughing surplus.
4. a kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The roughing surplus is the difference of the workpiece actual size and final theoretical size after roughing.
5. a kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error according to claim 3, wherein described
Roughing surplus is the difference of the workpiece actual size and final theoretical size after roughing.
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| CN201610978267.7A CN106392100B (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2016-11-08 | A kind of revolving parts method for turning can compensate for form error |
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| CN109513947B (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-12-13 | 江阴普洋重工有限公司 | Machining process of large flange with conical surface sealing structure |
| CN114578759A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-06-03 | 武汉重型机床集团有限公司 | Machining method for high-precision inner curved surface of revolving body part |
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| JPS5976701A (en) * | 1982-10-25 | 1984-05-01 | Fanuc Ltd | Control method of chasing type lathe |
| JP5936178B2 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2016-06-15 | 学校法人金沢工業大学 | Machining control method for machine tools |
| CN102430765B (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2014-01-08 | 湖北三江航天险峰电子信息有限公司 | Self-adaptive compensation method for detecting turning error of large part of rotary body |
| CN103341787B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-08-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | The numerical control machining cutter radius compensation method of feature based |
| CN105269398B (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2018-06-08 | 沈阳理工大学 | A kind of interior rotary surface orthogonal turn-milling processing method |
| CN105364088A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-02 | 常熟市淼泉压缩机配件有限公司 | Improved machining technology for turning automobile torsion bars |
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