CN106389390A - 泊沙康唑涂膜剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
泊沙康唑涂膜剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106389390A CN106389390A CN201610507271.5A CN201610507271A CN106389390A CN 106389390 A CN106389390 A CN 106389390A CN 201610507271 A CN201610507271 A CN 201610507271A CN 106389390 A CN106389390 A CN 106389390A
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- Prior art keywords
- posaconazole
- liniment
- solvent
- preparation
- penetration enhancer
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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Abstract
本发明属于药物制剂领域,特别涉及泊沙康唑涂膜剂及其制备方法。本发明的泊沙康唑涂膜剂按重量份计,主要由以下组分制备而成:泊沙康唑1‑30份、增塑剂3‑8份、渗透促进剂1‑5份、成膜剂3‑8份和溶剂40‑85份;所述泊沙康唑为粒度小于3μm至少65%且粒度小于5μm至少99%的粒子。其制备方法为:将成膜剂与适量水混合,加热溶胀,得体系A,然后向体系A中加入增塑剂,得胶体B;将泊沙康唑加入到溶剂中,使充分溶解,然后加入渗透促进剂,混合均匀得到体系C;将体系C与胶体B混合均匀后调节pH值至4.0‑6.0,即得泊沙康唑的涂膜剂。本发明的涂膜剂稳定性好,药效持久,疗效显著,制备工艺简单,质量稳定,适用于医药工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物制剂领域,特别涉及一种含泊沙康唑的涂膜剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
真菌感染发病率高,病程持久,病变顽固,具有传染性,一旦使用其他药物不当,容易形成耐药性。现有的真菌感染,越来越有耐药性了,进一步向血液感染。近20年来,由于广谱抗菌药、皮质激素、抗癌药物和免疫抑制剂的广泛使用,以及艾滋病的流行,深部真菌感染已成为导致癌症、造血干细胞移植及一些免疫力低下的患者死亡的主要原因。
泊沙康唑(posaconazole)是伊曲康唑的衍生物,于2006年在FDA上市的第二代三唑类抗真菌药物。泊沙康唑抗菌谱广,包括念珠菌属、荚膜组织胞浆菌、塞多孢子菌、双极菌接合菌、镰刀菌、酵母菌,还包括耐氟康唑的非白色念珠菌株、新型隐球菌和曲霉菌都有强大的抑制活性,尤其是对比较罕见、但威胁生命的真菌疾病(接合菌病、镰刀菌病和球孢子菌病等)也有效。泊沙康唑通过抑制麦角固醇的生物合成而发挥其抗真菌活性。麦角固醇是真菌保持细胞膜的结构完整性和发挥一些膜相关性蛋白功能所必需的重要成分,也是真菌细胞周期中所必需的微量物质。泊沙康唑通过抑制真菌色素P450 14α-去甲基酶而造成14α-甲基固醇等的堆积,使麦角固醇的合成受阻。白色念珠菌的突变株由于14α-去甲基酶的突变而导致对伊曲康唑、氟康唑、伏立康唑耐药,但白色念珠菌对泊沙康唑本品仍敏感。泊沙康唑抑制烟曲霉菌、黄曲霉菌的甾醇生物合成比伊曲康唑也更有效。
现有的抗真菌感染药物,主要为口服和乳剂或凝胶剂。因为目前治疗甲癣(灰指/趾甲)的外用药物普遍对甲板的渗透力较差,故用药后药物疗效不明显且起效慢,药效时间短,难治愈,易复发,而内服抗真菌药物治疗易于导致副反应和药物的相互作用。另一方面,现在的真菌对现有的药物都有了一定的抗药性。故迫切需要一种新型的有效的药物。
泊沙康唑不溶于水,难溶于丙酮、甲醇、乙醇,微溶于乙腈、现有剂型仅有注射液,干混悬剂,片剂,开发为外用制剂有一定难度,如果只是将其用丙酮,DMSO溶解,对皮肤的组织结构有一定的破坏作用;单纯用某种现有的常规溶解则无法溶解,故现目前无外用剂型。因此,研发泊沙康唑的外用剂型具有重要意义。
发明内容
基于泊沙康唑的溶解性,本申请的发明人通过细致的试验,花费了相当大量的时间及精力的探索与反复实践后,控制泊沙康唑的粒度分布为:<3μm至少65%,且<5μm至少99%,使用本发明的溶剂2S-3-L-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇、乙醇、丙二醇、甘油、1,2-丙二醇、聚乙二醇、异丙醇、2-辛基十二烷醇、吡咯烷酮和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种,对本品有很好的溶解性,且并能保证波沙康唑的缓慢释放,经过皮肤的刺激性项目的检测,无刺激性。制备的样品,在使用和储存过程中具有较好的物理和化学稳定性。如泊沙康唑粒度大于本发明的限度,泊沙康唑药物的溶解性就不能达到药效浓度,如果使泊沙康唑的粒子小于本发明的粒径,则药物渗透速率过快,且现目前的生产设备微射流就不能完成,就需要纳米级的专有设备、生产所需能耗大大提高,不利于生产的工业化。
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种泊沙康唑的外用剂型及其制备方法,具体来说,所述外用剂型为涂膜剂。本发明的涂膜剂稳定性好,对角质层渗透力强,疗效显著。本发明涂膜剂,处方组成简单,制备工艺简单,质量稳定,适用于医药工业化生产。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
泊沙康唑涂膜剂,按重量份计,所述涂膜剂主要由以下组分制备而成:
泊沙康唑1-30份、增塑剂3-8份、渗透促进剂1-5份、成膜剂3-8份和溶剂40-85份;所述泊沙康唑的粒度分布为:小于3μm至少65%且粒度小于5μm至少99%的粒子。
进一步,所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,按重量份计,所述涂膜剂主要由以下组分制备而成:
泊沙康唑5-20份、增塑剂5-8份、渗透促进剂2-5份、成膜剂6-8份和溶剂40-60份。
进一步,所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,还包括防腐剂1-5份。
本发明的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,由于从外形成一层物理隔断,既能防止其他真菌的感染,又能防止其对外的传染,相对于内服给药更有效。
本发明的泊沙康唑涂膜剂的组份中,甘油、PEG400、2S-3-L-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇,由于其粘度较大,保湿效果好,故能保留皮肤或角质层的水分从而保证药物渗透通道的润湿性。2S-3-L-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇也能较好角蛋白发生微作用,微膨润角蛋白,使指甲和皮肤真菌感染后角质化层软化,形成蜂窝状结构,即药物的渗透通道。由于本品的溶剂能较好的亲水和亲脂性,故其能保证药物在通道缓慢有序进入,而不是快速进入到血液中,从而在真菌感染部位不能达到药物的有效浓度。
本发明的实例一经离体新鲜猪皮透皮实验,1~24小时内测定,在5%乙醇生理盐水接受液中测得的泊沙康唑3~24小时是缓慢上升至0.015%;测定结束在皮肤中的残留0.2%。实验表明泊沙康唑在皮肤中能较好的保留,且泊沙康唑药物能得到缓慢的释放。
由于泊沙康唑对光稳定性优于伊曲康唑、氟康唑、伏立康唑。本涂膜剂在5000XL10天照度下,涂膜剂的药效成分泊沙康唑含量、有关物质无变化,而伊曲康唑则在1000XL10含量降5%。本发明的泊沙康唑涂膜剂疗效确切、安全方便,疗程短,是一种从外到内进行治疗甲癣、皮癣等的药物。
本发明所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,选用的溶剂和渗透促进剂为不挥发的辅料,具有软化角质层的显著功效和较强的渗透作用,能够直接携带药物穿透病甲或角质层杀灭真菌。
优选的,所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,所述增塑剂为甘油、丙二醇、山梨醇、聚乙二醇-400和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,所述渗透促进剂为月桂醇、氮酮、冰片、樟脑、尿素、薄荷醇、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乙醇、甘油、异丙醇、PEG-400、十二烷基甲基亚砜、尿素和EDTA-2Na中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,所述成膜剂为聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、CMC-Na、HPMC、聚乙二醇、明胶、卡波姆、玉米朊、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚丙烯酸树脂和环状糊精中的一种或多种。
进一步,所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,所述溶剂为2S-3-L-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇、乙醇、丙二醇、甘油、1,2-丙二醇、聚乙二醇、异丙醇、2-辛基十二烷醇、吡咯烷酮和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种。
本发明还保护一种泊沙康唑涂膜剂的制备方法,首先将泊沙康唑通过微射流得到粒度为<3μm至少65%,且<5μm至少99%的粒子,然后进行下面的步骤:
(1)将成膜剂与适量水混合,加热溶胀,得体系A,然后向体系A中加入增塑剂,得胶体B;
(2)将泊沙康唑加入到溶剂中,使充分溶解,然后加入渗透促进剂,混合均匀得到体系C;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的体系C与步骤(1)所得的胶体B混合均匀后调节pH值至4.0-6.0,即得泊沙康唑的涂膜剂。
进一步,所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂的制备方法,所述步骤(1)中,加热温度为48-52℃。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明的泊沙康唑涂膜剂抗菌谱广,能杀死其他耐药性的其他菌属,能从根治,防止复发。能较好杀死念珠菌属、荚膜组织胞浆菌、塞多孢子菌、双极菌接合菌、镰刀菌、酵母菌,包括耐其他三唑类药物的非白色念珠菌株、新型隐球菌和曲霉菌都有强大的抑制活性,也包括威胁人体生命的真菌疾病接合菌病、镰刀菌病和球孢子菌病等。
2、本发明的泊沙康唑涂膜剂安全性高,作用持久。本发明的涂膜剂具有良好的成膜性能,成膜后所含药物能均匀分布并缓慢释放,使药物作用持久而且疗效显著。
3、本发明的泊沙康唑涂膜剂渗透力强,直达病灶。本发明的涂膜剂自身与皮肤或甲板中的角蛋白作用,软化角质层,药物可直接穿透角质层的结缔组织深处,杀灭真菌,有效药物浓度高,透皮能力强,疗效显著,无刺激性。
4、本发明的泊沙康唑涂膜剂使用时从外形成一层物理隔断,既能防止其他真菌的感染,又能防止其对外的传染,使易受或已被真菌感染的指甲/趾甲接触与其他组织隔开,对传染源病区进行全面持续杀菌,可彻底根治灰指甲,临床用药安全,疗效可靠。
5、本发明泊沙康唑涂膜剂的制备方法,工艺简单,除活性成分外的其他辅剂不干扰活性成分含量的测定,质量稳定,适用于医药工业化生产。
6、本发明泊沙康唑涂膜剂稳定性好,涂膜剂主药在使用环境中稳定性高。在高温60℃考察10天,加速40℃考察6个月及在5000XL照度下照射10天后,样品涂抹性能,含量和有关物质无明显变化。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的涂膜剂高效液相色谱检测的色谱图。
图2为实施例1的涂膜剂中有关物质高效液相色谱检测的色谱图。
具体实施方式
所举实施例是为了更好地对本发明的内容进行说明,但并不是本发明的内容仅限于所举实施例。所以熟悉本领域的技术人员根据上述发明内容对实施方案进行非本质的改进和调整,还包括各具体实施方式间的任意组合,仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
涂膜剂的成分组成:
制备方法:
(1)将成膜剂与水混合,加热至48-52℃下溶胀,得体系A,然后向体系A中加入增塑剂,得胶体B;
(2)将泊沙康唑加入到溶剂中超声溶解,然后加入渗透促进剂,混合均匀得到体系C;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的体系C与步骤(1)所得的胶体B混合均匀,然后加入防腐剂混合均匀,用氢氧化钠和枸橼酸调节pH值至4.0-6.0,即得泊沙康唑的涂膜剂。
实施例2
涂膜剂的成分组成:
制备方法:
(1)将成膜剂与水混合,加热至48-52℃下溶胀,得体系A,然后向体系A中加入增塑剂,得胶体B;
(2)将泊沙康唑加入到溶剂中超声溶解,然后加入渗透促进剂,混合均匀得到体系C;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的体系C与步骤(1)所得的胶体B混合均匀后,用氢氧化钠和枸橼酸调节pH值至4.0-6.0,即得泊沙康唑的涂膜剂。
实施例3
涂膜剂的成分组成:
制备方法:
(1)将成膜剂与水混合,加热至48-52℃下溶胀,得体系A,然后向体系A中加入增塑剂,得胶体B;
(2)将泊沙康唑加入到溶剂中超声溶解,然后加入渗透促进剂,混合均匀得到体系C;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的体系C与步骤(1)所得的胶体B混合均匀后,用氢氧化钠和枸橼酸调节pH值至4.0-6.0,即得泊沙康唑的涂膜剂。
实施例4
涂膜剂的成分组成:
制备方法:
(1)将成膜剂与水混合,加热至48-52℃下溶胀,得体系A,然后向体系A中加入增塑剂,得胶体B;
(2)将泊沙康唑加入到溶剂中超声溶解,然后加入渗透促进剂,混合均匀得到体系C;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的体系C与步骤(1)所得的胶体B混合均匀后,用氢氧化钠和枸橼酸调节pH值至4.0-6.0,即得泊沙康唑的涂膜剂。
实施例5
涂膜剂的成分组成:
制备方法:
(1)将成膜剂与水混合,加热至48-52℃下溶胀,得体系A,然后向体系A中加入增塑剂,得胶体B;
(2)将泊沙康唑加入到溶剂中超声溶解,然后加入渗透促进剂,混合均匀得到体系C;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的体系C与步骤(1)所得的胶体B混合均匀后,然后加入防腐剂混合均匀,用氢氧化钠和枸橼酸调节pH值至4.0-6.0,即得泊沙康唑的涂膜剂。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (10)
1.泊沙康唑涂膜剂,其特征在于,按重量份计,所述涂膜剂主要由以下组分制备而成:
泊沙康唑1-30份、增塑剂3-8份、渗透促进剂1-5份、成膜剂3-8份和溶剂40-85份;所述泊沙康唑为粒度小于3μm至少65%且粒度小于5μm至少99%的粒子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,其特征在于,按重量份计,所述涂膜剂主要由以下组分制备而成:
泊沙康唑5-20份、增塑剂5-8份、渗透促进剂2-5份、成膜剂6-8份和溶剂40-60份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,其特征在于,还包括防腐剂1-5份。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,其特征在于,所述增塑剂为甘油、丙二醇、山梨醇、聚乙二醇-400和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,其特征在于,所述渗透促进剂为月桂醇、氮酮、冰片、樟脑、尿素、薄荷醇、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乙醇、甘油、异丙醇、PEG-400、十二烷基甲基亚砜、尿素和EDTA-2Na中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,其特征在于,所述成膜剂为聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、CMC-Na、HPMC、聚乙二醇、明胶、卡波姆、玉米朊、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚丙烯酸树脂和环状糊精中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,其特征在于,所述溶剂为2S-3-L-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇、乙醇、丙二醇、甘油、1,2-丙二醇、聚乙二醇、异丙醇、2-辛基十二烷醇、吡咯烷酮和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求3所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂,其特征在于,所述防腐剂为苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钾。
9.权利要求1或2所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下进行的步骤:
(1)将成膜剂与适量水混合,加热溶胀,得体系A,然后向体系A中加入增塑剂,得胶体B;
(2)将泊沙康唑加入到溶剂中,使充分溶解,然后加入渗透促进剂,混合均匀得到体系C;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的体系C与步骤(1)所得的胶体B混合均匀后调节pH值至4.0-6.0,即得泊沙康唑的涂膜剂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的泊沙康唑涂膜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,加热温度为48-52℃。
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