CN106385231A - MPPT control circuit based on improved H-bridge DC-DC topology - Google Patents
MPPT control circuit based on improved H-bridge DC-DC topology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106385231A CN106385231A CN201610873851.6A CN201610873851A CN106385231A CN 106385231 A CN106385231 A CN 106385231A CN 201610873851 A CN201610873851 A CN 201610873851A CN 106385231 A CN106385231 A CN 106385231A
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention discloses an MPPT control circuit based on an improved H-bridge DC-DC topology, and belongs to the technical field of control of a solar unmanned aerial vehicle power supply system DC-DC circuit. The MPPT control circuit comprises a solar array working voltage sampling circuit, a solar array working current sampling circuit, a bus voltage sampling module, a bus current sampling module, an overvoltage protection module, a logic module, an MPPT mode driving module and a direct-through mode driving module. According to the MPPT control circuit, the working mode of the DC-DC circuit is automatically judged and selected, and two adjusting modes of Buck and Boost under the MPPT mode are enabled to be smoothly switched effectively through transition of the direct-through mode so as to guarantee the stability of the system. Unified control of the MPPT mode and the direct-through mode can be realized, the maximum output power point of a solar cell array can be tracked in real time, the utilization rate of the solar cell array can be enhanced and the power supply output capacity of an unmanned aerial vehicle power supply system can be enhanced so as to provide reference and help for energy supply of near space aircrafts represented by the solar unmanned aerial vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the control technology field of solar energy unmanned plane power-supply system DC-DC circuit is and in particular to a kind of base
MPPT control circuit in modified H bridge DC-DC topology.
Background technology
As the core component of solar energy unmanned plane, solar energy unmanned plane power-supply system main task is in the flight phase
Between provide high-quality, highly reliable uninterruptable power for unmanned plane, meet the power demand of full mechanomotive force load.With conventional space electricity
Origin system is compared, and solar energy unmanned plane power-supply system has the features such as ultra-large, ultra high power, multiple-energy-source are comprehensive, not only needs
Realize high-power output, and in order to improve the stability of a system and energy efficiency, the topological structure to DC-DC circuit and its control
Strategy processed is put forward higher requirement.
Nowadays, in terms of control strategy, special for solar energy unmanned plane during flying environment, operating mode is complicated situation, state
Inside and outside gradually adopt MPPT maximum power point tracking(MPPT)Technology, output that is real-time, accurate, stably following the tracks of solar battery array is maximum
Power points, improves the utilization rate of solar battery array, and enhances the power supply fan-out capability of unmanned plane power-supply system.
And in terms of the topological structure of DC-DC circuit, because unmanned plane is influenced by ambient temperature in flight course, the sun
Cell array operating voltage changes with environment temperature and has greatly changed, therefore uses and have step-down simultaneously concurrently(Buck)With boosting
(Boost)The H bridge topology of regulative mode, facilitates implementation the power conversion of wide input voltage range.Though common H bridge topology is used
Advanced synchronous rectification is so that DC-DC conversion efficiency has significant raising, but this topology has one in itself lacks
Fall into:In the moment of two kinds of regulative mode switchings of Buck and Boost, the dutycycle of switching tube saltus step can occur it is meant that output is electric
It is pressed in and will produce larger pulsation during regulative mode switching, consider from the stability angle of system inadvisable.In order to overcome this to lack
Fall into, original H bridge topological structure is improved, if a MOS can be connected between DC-DC circuit input and output
Pipe, sets up extra direct mode operation it becomes possible to utilize the transition of direct mode operation, effectively makes Buck and two kinds of regulation sides of Boost
Formula is taken over seamlessly.
The control circuit being based solely on H bridge DC-DC topology at present is gradually ripe, but is a lack of the system with reference to direct mode operation
One control mode, its difficult point is the mutual conversion between Buck regulation, direct mode operation and Boost regulation.Additionally, in solar energy
In unmanned plane field of power systems, the DC-DC circuit that MPPT control strategy applies to modified H bridge topology is also a technology
Bottleneck.
Therefore, how based on modified H bridge DC-DC topology, realize MPPT pattern(Buck and Boost is adjusted)With straight-through mould
It is a problem demanding prompt solution that the MPPT of formula is uniformly controlled.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is based on modified H bridge DC-DC topology, provides a kind of MPPT control circuit, realizes MPPT mould
Formula is uniformly controlled with direct mode operation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of MPPT control circuit based on modified H bridge DC-DC topology,
Wherein comprise logic module, overvoltage protective module, and Innovation of Connection type H bridge DC-DC topological circuit with lower module:
Sun battle array operating voltage sampling module, by it to sun battle array operating voltage Ump in modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuit
Carry out the signal of sampling partial pressure, export to described logic module;
Sun battle array operating current sampling module, by it to the sun battle array operating current Imp in modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuit
The signal sampled, exports to described logic module;
Busbar voltage sampling module, it is carried out sampling partial pressure to busbar voltage Uo in modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuit
Signal, export respectively to described overvoltage protective module and logic module;Wherein, described busbar voltage sampling module is to bus electricity
The dividing ratios of pressure Uo are identical to the dividing ratios of sun battle array operating voltage Ump with described sun battle array operating voltage sampling module;
Bus current sampling module, the letter that it is sampled to the bus current Io in modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuit
Number, export to described logic module;
MPPT mode activated module, control signal PWM1 being received at described logic module according to it ~ PWM4, to improvement
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 ~ the Q4 constituting H bridge in type H bridge DC-DC topological circuit exports corresponding drive signal Gate1 ~ Gate4 simultaneously;
Direct mode operation drive module, control signal PWM5 being received at described logic module according to it, to modified H bridge
It is directly connected to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 of input and output end in DC-DC topological circuit, export corresponding drive signal Gate5;
Wherein, described overvoltage protective module, the signal being received from described busbar voltage sampling module according to it, by sample
Busbar voltage Uo is compared with a reference value setting, and whether exports busbar voltage Uo higher than a reference value to described logic module
Comparative result;
Described logic module, receives the sampled signal of Ump, Imp, Uo and Io and described comparative result, to judge to select modified H
The mode of operation of bridge DC-DC topological circuit, switches in MPPT pattern or direct mode operation, exports and MPPT pattern or straight-through
Corresponding control signal PWM1 of pattern ~ PWM5, is supplied to described MPPT mode activated module and direct mode operation drive module.
Preferably, when Ump is differed within 2% with the numerical value of Uo, or when overvoltage protective module output represents bus electricity
When pressure Uo is higher than the comparative result of a reference value, described logic module is to direct mode operation and defeated by MPPT pattern switching by mode of operation
Go out corresponding control signal, so that MPPT mode activated module and corresponding generation of direct mode operation drive module are based under direct mode operation
Drive signal, to control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 ~ Q4 to be in normal off state, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 is in normal open state.
Preferably, after the timing that entrance direct mode operation plays a setting time terminates, if judging, timing terminates and meter
When compare when starting, the power output of modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuit changes more than 2%, then described logic module is by work
Pattern switches to MPPT pattern by direct mode operation and exports corresponding control signal, so that MPPT mode activated module and straight-through mould
Formula drive module accordingly generates:
The drive signal being adjusted based on Buck under MPPT pattern, makes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 as switching tube, Q2 as synchronous rectifier, Q3
It is in normal open state, Q4 is in normal off state, Q5 is in normal off state;
Or, the drive signal being adjusted based on Boost under MPPT pattern, make metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 be in normal open state, Q2 is in normal off shape
State, Q3 are in normal off state as synchronous rectifier, Q4 as switching tube, Q5;
Wherein, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 ~ Q4 is located at brachium pontis on the input of H bridge, brachium pontis under input, brachium pontis, output end in output end respectively
Lower brachium pontis.
Preferably, described sun battle array operating voltage sampling module carries out partial pressure to sun battle array operating voltage Ump, is converted to 0
The voltage signal of ~ 5V scope, and by difference follow by conversion after voltage signal export to logic module.
Preferably, described sun battle array operating current sampling module carries out high side current detection, and passes through closed loop hall sensing
Device is sampled to sun battle array operating current Imp, and is converted into the voltage signal of 0 ~ 5V scope and exports to logic module.
Preferably, described busbar voltage sampling module carries out partial pressure to busbar voltage Uo, is converted to the electricity of 0 ~ 5V scope
Pressure signal, and by difference follow by change after voltage signal export respectively to overvoltage protective module and logic module.
Preferably, described bus current sampling module carries out high side current detection, and by Closed Loop Hall to mother
Line current Io is sampled, and is converted into the voltage signal of 0 ~ 5V scope and exports to logic module.
Preferably, using voltage comparator circuit, described overvoltage protective module, differentiates whether busbar voltage Uo sampling is high
In a reference value, export high level when busbar voltage Uo is higher than a reference value, on the contrary output low level.
Preferably, described MPPT mode activated module passes through bootstrap approach output drive signal Gate1 and Gate3;Described
Direct mode operation drive module passes through bootstrap approach output drive signal Gate5.
The MPPT control circuit based on modified H bridge DC-DC topology that the present invention provides, its advantage is:Can be certainly
Row judges to select the mode of operation of DC-DC circuit, and by the transition of direct mode operation effectively make Buck under MPPT pattern with
Two kinds of regulative modes of Boost are taken over seamlessly the stability it is ensured that solar power supply system.In addition MPPT control circuit is real
Show being uniformly controlled of MPPT pattern and direct mode operation, real-time tracking solar battery array Maximum Power Output point, improve the sun
The utilization rate of cell array, and enhance the power supply fan-out capability of unmanned plane power-supply system, it is with solar energy unmanned plane as representative
The energy supply of near space vehicle provides reference and help.
Brief description
Fig. 1 solar energy unmanned plane power-supply system composition frame chart;
Fig. 2 is modified H bridge DC-DC topology diagram;
Fig. 3 is the MPPT control circuit theory diagram based on modified H bridge DC-DC topology of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is MPPT pattern and the direct mode operation switching condition figure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The MPPT control circuit based on modified H bridge DC-DC topology with example, the present invention being provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
It is described in further detail.
As shown in figure 1, solar energy unmanned plane power-supply system mainly comprises solar battery array, DC-DC circuit, MPPT control electricity
Road, lithium-ions battery group etc., and busbar voltage is by accumulator battery voltage clamper.In illumination period, when line load power is less
When, solar battery array is individually for load supplying, and is sub- battery charging;And work as bearing power increase or solar battery array defeated
When going out underpower, solar battery array and batteries are combined for load supplying;In the shade phase, expired by batteries electric discharge
Foot loads required power.
During unmanned plane during flying, solar battery array operating voltage changes with temperature and large change occurs.Therefore, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, DC-DC main circuit adopts modified H bridge topological structure, it is possible to achieve the power conversion of wide input voltage range.Should
Topology is by controlling corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor(Q1~ Q5)Break-make, formed two kinds of mode of operations:MPPT pattern and direct mode operation.
(1)MPPT pattern:Buck can be divided into again to adjust and Boost adjusts two parts.
L Buck is adjusted:Q1 as switching tube, Q2 as synchronous rectifier, Q3 is in normal open state, Q4 is in normal off shape
State, Q5 are in normal off state;
L Boost is adjusted:Q1 is in normal open state, Q2 is in normal off state, Q3 as synchronous rectifier, Q4 as switching tube,
Q5 is in normal off state;
(2)Direct mode operation:Q1 to Q4 is in normal off state, Q5 is in normal open state.
For this modified H bridge topological structure, the present invention proposes a kind of MPPT control circuit, and its theory diagram is as schemed
Shown in 3, contain sun battle array operating voltage sampling module, sun battle array operating current sampling module, busbar voltage sampling module, mother
Line current sampling module, overvoltage protective module, logic module, MPPT mode activated module and direct mode operation drive module.
The effect of above-mentioned each module is as follows:
Sun battle array operating voltage sampling module is to sun battle array operating voltage UmpCarry out partial pressure, be converted to the voltage of 0 ~ 5V scope
Signal, and followed this signal output to logic module by difference.
Sun battle array operating current sampling module adopts high side current detection technique, by Closed Loop Hall to sun battle array
Operating current ImpSampled, and by ImpThe voltage signal being converted into 0 ~ 5V scope exports to logic module.
Busbar voltage sampling module is to busbar voltage UoCarry out partial pressure, this dividing ratios and sun battle array operating voltage UmpPoint
Pressure ratio example is identical, is converted to the voltage signal of 0 ~ 5V scope, and followed by difference this signal is exported respectively to overvoltage protect
Shield module and logic module.
Bus current sampling module adopts high side current detection technique, by Closed Loop Hall to bus current IoEnter
Row sampling, and by IoThe voltage signal being converted into 0 ~ 5V scope exports respectively to overcurrent protection module and logic module.
Overvoltage protective module is differentiated using voltage comparator circuit, when busbar voltage sampled signal is higher than a reference value,
Output high level, otherwise output low level.
Logic module is according to Ump、Imp、UoAnd IoSampled signal, judge select DC-DC mode of operation, and then execute
MPPT and the switching of straight-through both mode of operations.
The switching condition of logic module is as shown in Figure 4:
(1)When meeting following condition, mode of operation is switched to straight-through, output control signal PWM5 by MPPT:
l UmpWith UoWithin numerical value difference 2%:Due to UmpAnd UoDividing ratios are identical, and both sampled signals are compared, when
When detecting within numerical value differs 2%, enter direct mode operation, it is to avoid Buck adjusts the direct switching with Boost regulation and leads to output electricity
Pressure produces larger pulsation;
L overvoltage protection:If overvoltage protective module exports high level, enter direct mode operation, no longer to solar battery array maximum work
Rate point is tracked, and reduces DC-DC input power, and then power output also declines therewith, now in order to meet bearing power,
Battery just starts to discharge, so that busbar voltage is gradually lowered, realizes overvoltage protection.
(2)Start timing, after 60s timing terminates, if power output change is detected exceeded after entering direct mode operation
2%, then mode of operation switch to MPPT by straight-through, output control signal PWM1 ~ PWM4 simultaneously.
MPPT mode activated module output drive signal Gate1 ~ Gate4 simultaneously, wherein Gate1 and Gate3 signal is adopted
Exported with the mode of bootstrapping.
Direct mode operation drive module output drive signal Gate5 by the way of bootstrapping.
Although present disclosure has been made to be discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for the present invention's
Multiple modifications and substitutions all will be apparent from.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of MPPT control circuit based on modified H bridge DC-DC topology is it is characterised in that comprise logic module, overvoltage is protected
Shield module, and Innovation of Connection type H bridge DC-DC topological circuit with lower module:
Sun battle array operating voltage sampling module, by it to sun battle array operating voltage U in modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuitmpEnter
Row sampling the signal of partial pressure, export to described logic module;
Sun battle array operating current sampling module, by it to the sun battle array operating current I in modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuitmpEnter
The signal of row sampling, exports to described logic module;
Busbar voltage sampling module, by it to busbar voltage U in modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuitoCarry out sampling partial pressure
Signal, export respectively to described overvoltage protective module and logic module;Wherein, described busbar voltage sampling module is to bus electricity
Pressure UoDividing ratios, with described sun battle array operating voltage sampling module to sun battle array operating voltage UmpDividing ratios identical;
Bus current sampling module, by it to the bus current I in modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuitoThe signal sampled,
Export to described logic module;
MPPT mode activated module, control signal PWM1 being received at described logic module according to it ~ PWM4, to improvement
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 ~ the Q4 constituting H bridge in type H bridge DC-DC topological circuit exports corresponding drive signal Gate1 ~ Gate4 simultaneously;
Direct mode operation drive module, control signal PWM5 being received at described logic module according to it, to modified H bridge
It is directly connected to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 of input and output end in DC-DC topological circuit, export corresponding drive signal Gate5;
Wherein, described overvoltage protective module, the signal being received from described busbar voltage sampling module according to it, by sample
Busbar voltage UoIt is compared with a reference value setting, export busbar voltage U to described logic moduleoWhether higher than a reference value
Comparative result;
Described logic module, receives Ump、Imp、UoAnd IoSampled signal and described comparative result, to judge select modified H bridge
The mode of operation of DC-DC topological circuit, switches in MPPT pattern or direct mode operation, exports and MPPT pattern or straight-through mould
Corresponding control signal PWM1 of formula ~ PWM5, is supplied to described MPPT mode activated module and direct mode operation drive module.
2. MPPT control circuit according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
Work as UmpWith UoNumerical value difference within 2% when, or when overvoltage protective module output represent busbar voltage UoHigher than benchmark
During the comparative result of value, mode of operation to direct mode operation and is exported corresponding control by MPPT pattern switching by described logic module
Signal, so that MPPT mode activated module and direct mode operation drive module accordingly generate based on the drive signal under direct mode operation,
To control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 ~ Q4 to be in normal off state, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 is in normal open state.
3. MPPT control circuit according to claim 2 it is characterised in that
After the timing that entrance direct mode operation plays a setting time terminates, if judging, timing terminates to start phase with timing
Change more than 2% than the power output of, modified H bridge DC-DC topological circuit, then described logic module by mode of operation by leading directly to
Pattern switching to MPPT pattern and exports corresponding control signal, so that MPPT mode activated module and direct mode operation drive module
Corresponding generation:
The drive signal being adjusted based on Buck under MPPT pattern, makes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 as switching tube, Q2 as synchronous rectifier, Q3
It is in normal open state, Q4 is in normal off state, Q5 is in normal off state;
Or, the drive signal being adjusted based on Boost under MPPT pattern, make metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 be in normal open state, Q2 is in normal off shape
State, Q3 are in normal off state as synchronous rectifier, Q4 as switching tube, Q5;
Wherein, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 ~ Q4 is located at brachium pontis on the input of H bridge, brachium pontis under input, brachium pontis, output end in output end respectively
Lower brachium pontis.
4. the MPPT control circuit according to Claims 2 or 3 it is characterised in that
Described sun battle array operating voltage sampling module is to sun battle array operating voltage UmpCarry out partial pressure, be converted to the electricity of 0 ~ 5V scope
Pressure signal, and by difference follow by change after voltage signal export to logic module.
5. the MPPT control circuit according to Claims 2 or 3 it is characterised in that
Described sun battle array operating current sampling module carries out high side current detection, and by Closed Loop Hall to sun battle array work
Make electric current ImpSampled, and be converted into the voltage signal of 0 ~ 5V scope and exported to logic module.
6. the MPPT control circuit according to Claims 2 or 3 it is characterised in that
Described busbar voltage sampling module is to busbar voltage UoCarry out partial pressure, be converted to the voltage signal of 0 ~ 5V scope, and pass through
Difference is followed and is exported the voltage signal after conversion to overvoltage protective module and logic module respectively.
7. the MPPT control circuit according to Claims 2 or 3 it is characterised in that
Described bus current sampling module carries out high side current detection, and by Closed Loop Hall to bus current IoCarry out
Sample, and be converted into the voltage signal of 0 ~ 5V scope and export to logic module.
8. the MPPT control circuit according to Claims 2 or 3 it is characterised in that
Described overvoltage protective module, differentiates busbar voltage U sampling using voltage comparator circuitoWhether it is higher than a reference value, work as mother
Line voltage UoExport high level higher than during a reference value, on the contrary output low level.
9. the MPPT control circuit according to Claims 2 or 3 it is characterised in that
Described MPPT mode activated module passes through bootstrap approach output drive signal Gate1 and Gate3;
Described direct mode operation drive module passes through bootstrap approach output drive signal Gate5.
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CN106972613A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-07-21 | 北京昶远科技有限公司 | A kind of energy management system based on solar energy unmanned plane |
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