CN106384800A - Preparation method of modified diaphragm for lithium-sulfur batteries - Google Patents
Preparation method of modified diaphragm for lithium-sulfur batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN106384800A CN106384800A CN201610859086.2A CN201610859086A CN106384800A CN 106384800 A CN106384800 A CN 106384800A CN 201610859086 A CN201610859086 A CN 201610859086A CN 106384800 A CN106384800 A CN 106384800A
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- lithium
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- modified diaphragm
- sulfur cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a modified diaphragm for lithium-sulfur batteries, belonging to the technical field of lithium-sulfur batteries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) mixing crown ethers and a sodium alginate water solution to react to obtain a mixed solution, extracting the mixed solution with an extractant, and separating to obtain a lower extracting solution; and 2) carrying out vacuum filtration on the obtained extracting solution by using a base membrane as a filterable membrane or applying the obtained extracting solution on the base membrane, and drying to obtain the modified diaphragm. The sodium alginate and crown ethers are subjected to chelation reaction to obtain coordination compounds, and sodium ions of the sodium alginate (SA) are tightly embedded in the cavities of the crown ethers, so the chelate compounds have favorable hydrophobicity. The coordination compounds are utilized to modify the diaphragm, thereby fully displaying the cation selectivity and anion repellency of the chelate compounds and other physicochemical characteristics; and thus, the surface appearance of the modified diaphragm is obviously changed. The modified diaphragm enhances the loop stability and high capacity retentivity of the lithium-sulfur battery, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lithium-sulfur cell technical field is and in particular to a kind of preparation side for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm
Method.
Background technology
Sony issues first commercial li-ion battery within 1991;Subsequently, lithium ion battery has reformed consumer electronics product
The looks of product.With widely using of the digital product such as product such as mobile phone, notebook computer, lithium ion battery is with excellent performance
This kind of product is used widely, and is progressively developing to other product applications.But it is as the general of movable living
And, people put forward higher requirement to the endurance of lithium ion battery and safety, especially lead in new-energy automobile
Domain, battery is accomplished possess high power capacity, lightweight, high-energy-density, high power density, high circulation performance and quick charge etc.
Excellent characteristic has become as the new challenge adapting to Times ' Demand.
In recent years, emerging lithium-sulfur cell was using elemental sulfur as positive electrode, because elemental sulfur has as positive electrode
Have high theoretical specific capacity 1675mAh/g, with metal simple-substance lithium make negative material constitute galvanic element when, its capacity up to
2600Wh/kg, has substantially met the demand to battery energy storage for the current allegro movable living, has also complied with new-energy automobile to electricity
The requirement in pond.Additionally, elemental sulfur also has the advantages such as wide material sources, cheap, low low stain, these advantages are its conduct
The emerging energy-storage battery of the second filial generation provides numerous conditions.
However, in actual battery charge and discharge process, the weak inductive of simple substance sulfur materials and in charge and discharge cycles mistake
The problems such as dissolving in electrolyte solution for the polysulfide of the intermediate product solubility producing in journey, needs to be solved.Cause
This, research worker proposes kinds of schemes to improve the cyclical stability of lithium-sulfur cell, such as by preparing the anode composite of sulfur
Material is improving its electric conductivity;Limit " shuttle " and the dissolving of polysulfide by micropore/meso-porous carbon material;By nanometer material
Material (carbon nano tube/graphene etc.) is explored and is improved the framework carrying sulfur body and size to improve the efficiency for charge-discharge of lithium-sulfur cell;Logical
Cross the modified diaphragm preparing difference in functionality, stop many sulfur using the small-bore of modified diaphragm and its physicochemical properties of uniqueness
Compound is lost in the solution.
The lithium-sulfur cell of report at present, how based on the preparation of anode composite material, studies different types of loose structure
Carrier carrying out compound element sulphur.And the report that is related to modified diaphragm preparation method is few in number, for abundant combine many
The technology that the chemical property of sulfide is used for lithium-sulfur cell diagram modification is needed badly and is excavated further and apply.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm, gained modified diaphragm can carry
The cyclical stability of high lithium-sulfur cell, improves the fast problem of lithium-sulfur cell capacity attenuation.
In order to realize object above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm, comprises the following steps:
1) crown ether is mixed with sodium alginate aqueous solution and carry out reacting to obtain mixed liquor, with extractant, mixed liquor is extracted
Take, separate the extract obtaining lower floor;Wherein, the corresponding crown ether using 10~50 μ L of the sodium alginate of every 0.1~0.3g;
2) adopt basement membrane as filter membrane to step 1) gained extract carries out vacuum filtration, be drying to obtain described modified every
Film;
Or, by step 1) and gained extract is coated on basement membrane, is drying to obtain described modified diaphragm.
Sodium alginate (SA) is obtained extensively in material and chemical field with its unique chemical property as macromolecular material
Application, sodium alginate (SA) molecule contains carboxyl (- COOH) and the hydroxyl (- OH) group of marshalling, belongs to anionic
Macromolecular material, but its chemical property shows as hydrophilic it is impossible to the barrier film of direct invasion polypropylene material.
The preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm of the present invention, is to be substantially dissolved in sodium alginate (SA) first
In water, add appropriate crown ether, extract what crown ether-sodium alginate (SA) chelate was obtained with suitable extractant;By Sargassum
Sour sodium and crown ether carry out chelatropic reaction, obtain coordination compound;In this coordination compound, the sodium ion of sodium alginate (SA) and hat
The cavity of ether closely inlays (as shown in Figure 1) so that the chelate of preparation has good hydrophobicity;This coordination compound is put
In the surface of basement membrane, barrier film is modified, has given full play to cation selective and the physics such as anion exclusion of chelate
Chemical characteristic, the surface topography of modified diaphragm obtains significant changes, and aperture diminishes;Modified barrier film improves lithium-sulfur cell
Cyclical stability and high power capacity conservation rate, are suitable for promoting the use of.
Described extractant is carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), toluene (PhMe), in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) any one or
Multiple.The addition of extractant is determined it is ensured that extractant is excessive by the amount of sodium alginate and crown ether.General, described extractant
Addition be:The sodium alginate of every 0.1~0.3g is corresponding to use extractant 20ml.
Described crown ether is 15- crown ether-5, hexaoxacyclooctadecane-6-6, any one or more in 12- crown ether-4.
, the present invention is used for the chemical equation that the preparation method of lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm is related to taking 15- crown ether -5 as a example
As follows:
In described sodium alginate aqueous solution, sodium alginate is 0.1~0.3 with the mass ratio of water:10~20.Described alginic acid
Sodium water solution is that the sodium alginate (SA) taking certain mass is added to the water, and stirs, so that sodium alginate is fully dissolved under normal temperature condition
Prepared.The rotating speed of described stirring is 300~500r/min, and the time of stirring is 12~24h.Water used herein is deionization
Water.
The time of described reaction is 12~24h.The temperature conditionss of reaction are room temperature.
It is stirred in course of reaction, the rotating speed of stirring is 300~500r/min.
Described basement membrane is polyalkene diaphragm, and aperture is 2~200nm.Described basement membrane can be monofilm or multilamellar
Polyolefin composite film.Preferably, described basement membrane is polypropylene diaphragm.
Step 2) in, per membrane area filters or the amount of coating extract is:Per membrane area corresponds to raw material sodium alginate
Quality be 0.04~0.06mg/cm2.I.e. 1cm2Membrane area corresponding use step 1) in based on 0.04~0.06mg raw material sea
The extract of sodium alginate preparation.
The relative degree of vacuum of described vacuum filtration is -0.06~-0.1MPa.
The temperature of described drying is 25~50 DEG C.
The preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm of the present invention, is with common diaphragm as filter membrane, and gained is extracted
Liquid is dried prepared after carrying out vacuum filtration;The purpose of sucking filtration is to divide to form gradient using certain vacuum degree in membrane surface
The chelate of cloth, preferably plays its repulsion barrier effect to polysulfide;Gained modified diaphragm contrasts under scanning electron microscope
Finding that aperture substantially diminishes, can effectively stopping the shuttle of polysulfide thus avoiding causing lithium-sulfur cell capacity attenuation;Using this
The lithium-sulfur cell of modified diaphragm, compared with prior art also shows that the features such as height ratio capacity, high circulation performance, high stability.
Whole preparation process has the advantages that material source is extensive, technological process is simple, mild condition, workable, method of modifying
Change for barrier film pattern is obvious, and advantage of lower cost, beneficial to business promotion.
Gained lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm of the present invention, modification one during use, facing to positive pole, can improve lithium-sulfur cell
Specific discharge capacity and cyclical stability, and the preparation process of modified diaphragm is simple, with low cost, suitable large-scale industry
Metaplasia is produced.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the diagram modification theoretical model figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be embodiment 1 lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm before modified after under different enlargement ratios configuration of surface contrast
Figure, wherein (a) before modified × 5000, (b) modified × 5000, (c) before modified × 10000, and (d) modified × and 10000 (e) change
Before property × 30000, (f) modified × and 30000;
Fig. 3 is the electric performance test comparison diagram under 0.1C multiplying power for the lithium-sulfur cell of embodiment 1-3.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) 0.1g sodium alginate (SA) pressed powder is taken to add in the deionized water of 20ml, with 400r/min under normal temperature condition
Rotating speed stirring 12h, so that sodium alginate is fully dissolved, prepared sodium alginate aqueous solution;
Add 15- crown ether -5 of 20 μ L with pipettor in gained sodium alginate aqueous solution, under normal temperature condition, fully vibrate
Stirring is reacted, and the rotating speed of stirring is 400r/min, and the time of stirring reaction is 12h;Question response adds 20ml's after terminating
Carbon tetrachloride vibration shakes up, and is transferred in separatory funnel fully static rear separation and obtains lower floor's extract;
2) vacuum filtration is carried out as filter membrane to gained extract using common polypropylene diaphragm (average pore size 20nm)
After (relative degree of vacuum is -0.095MPa), it is dried under the conditions of 30 DEG C, obtains final product described modified diaphragm.Wherein, per membrane area mistake
Filter extract amount be:The quality of the corresponding raw material sodium alginate of per membrane area is 0.05mg/cm2.
Before and after the diagram modification of the present embodiment, the configuration of surface contrast under different enlargement ratios is as shown in Figure 2.Can from Fig. 2
To find out, barrier film before modification after microscopic appearance there occurs significant change, the surface of modified diaphragm is finer and close, and aperture is more
Little, can effectively stop the shuttle of polysulfide thus avoiding causing lithium-sulfur cell capacity attenuation.
Gained barrier film is cut into the diaphragm of diameter 18mm, between the positive pole for lithium-sulfur cell and negative pole, modified one side
Towards positive pole;With sulfur:BP2000 conductive black:PVDF=7:2:1 mass ratio is sized mixing, and slurry is evenly coated in aluminium foil
On, it is placed in 65 DEG C of heat preservation and dryness 12h in vacuum drying oven, obtain positive pole;With lithium piece as negative pole, carry out the assembling of button cell, obtain
Lithium-sulfur cell.
This lithium-sulfur cell is carried out with electrical property multiplying power test, result is as shown in Figure 3.From figure 3, it can be seen that the present embodiment institute
After obtaining lithium-sulfur cell 150 circulations under 0.1C multiplying power, specific capacity still maintains 700mAh/g.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) 0.2g sodium alginate (SA) pressed powder is taken to add in the deionized water of 20ml, with 500r/min under normal temperature condition
Rotating speed stirring 18h, so that sodium alginate is fully dissolved, prepared sodium alginate aqueous solution;
Add hexaoxacyclooctadecane-6-6 of 20 μ L with pipettor in gained sodium alginate aqueous solution, under normal temperature condition, fully vibrate
Stirring is reacted, and the rotating speed of stirring is 500r/min, and the time of stirring reaction is 18h;Question response adds 20ml's after terminating
Carbon tetrachloride vibration shakes up, and is transferred in separatory funnel fully static rear separation and obtains lower floor's extract;
2) vacuum filtration is carried out as filter membrane to gained extract using common polypropylene diaphragm (average pore size 50nm)
After (relative degree of vacuum is -0.095MPa), it is dried under the conditions of 40 DEG C, obtains final product described modified diaphragm.Wherein, per membrane area mistake
Filter extract amount be:The quality of the corresponding raw material sodium alginate of per membrane area is 0.05mg/cm2.
Gained barrier film is cut into the diaphragm of diameter 18mm, between the positive pole for lithium-sulfur cell and negative pole, modified one side
Towards positive pole;With sulfur:BP2000 conductive black:PVDF=7:2:1 mass ratio is sized mixing, and slurry is evenly coated in aluminium foil
On, it is placed in 65 DEG C of heat preservation and dryness 12h in vacuum drying oven, obtain positive pole;With lithium piece as negative pole, carry out the assembling of button cell, obtain
Lithium-sulfur cell.
This lithium-sulfur cell is carried out with electrical property multiplying power test, result is as shown in Figure 3.From figure 3, it can be seen that the present embodiment institute
After obtaining lithium-sulfur cell 150 circulations under 0.1C multiplying power, specific capacity still maintains 600mAh/g.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) 0.3g sodium alginate (SA) pressed powder is taken to add in the deionized water of 20ml, with 300r/min under normal temperature condition
Rotating speed stirring 24h, so that sodium alginate is fully dissolved, prepared sodium alginate aqueous solution;
Add 15- crown ether -5 of 20 μ L with pipettor in gained sodium alginate aqueous solution, under normal temperature condition, fully vibrate
Stirring is reacted, and the rotating speed of stirring is 300r/min, and the time of stirring reaction is 24h;Question response adds 20ml's after terminating
Carbon tetrachloride vibration shakes up, and is transferred in separatory funnel fully static rear separation and obtains lower floor's extract;
2) vacuum filtration is carried out as filter membrane to gained extract using common polypropylene diaphragm (average pore size 100nm)
After (relative degree of vacuum is -0.095MPa), it is dried under the conditions of 50 DEG C, obtains final product described modified diaphragm.Wherein, per membrane area mistake
Filter extract amount be:The quality of the corresponding raw material sodium alginate of per membrane area is 0.06mg/cm2.
Gained barrier film is cut into the diaphragm of diameter 18mm, between the positive pole for lithium-sulfur cell and negative pole, modified one side
Towards positive pole;With sulfur:BP2000 conductive black:PVDF=7:2:1 mass ratio is sized mixing, and slurry is evenly coated in aluminium foil
On, it is placed in 65 DEG C of heat preservation and dryness 12h in vacuum drying oven, obtain positive pole;With lithium piece as negative pole, carry out the assembling of button cell, obtain
Lithium-sulfur cell.
This lithium-sulfur cell is carried out with electrical property multiplying power test, result is as shown in Figure 3.From figure 3, it can be seen that the present embodiment institute
After obtaining lithium-sulfur cell 150 circulations under 0.1C multiplying power, specific capacity still maintains 600mAh/g.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) 0.1g sodium alginate (SA) pressed powder is taken to add in the deionized water of 10ml, with 500r/min under normal temperature condition
Rotating speed stirring 12h, so that sodium alginate is fully dissolved, prepared sodium alginate aqueous solution;
Crown ether (the matter of 15- crown ether -5 and 12- crown ether -4 of 40 μ L is added with pipettor in gained sodium alginate aqueous solution
Amount ratio is 1:1 mixture), under normal temperature condition, fully vibration stirring is reacted, and the rotating speed of stirring is 500r/min, stirring
The time of reaction is 12h;Question response adds the carbon tetrachloride vibration of 10ml to shake up after terminating, be transferred to fully quiet in separatory funnel
Separate after only and obtain lower floor's extract;
2) vacuum filtration is carried out as filter membrane to gained extract using common polypropylene diaphragm (average pore size 150nm)
After (relative degree of vacuum is -0.095MPa), it is dried under the conditions of 25 DEG C, obtains final product described modified diaphragm.Wherein, per membrane area mistake
Filter extract amount be:The quality of the corresponding raw material sodium alginate of per membrane area is 0.04mg/cm2.
Gained barrier film is cut into the diaphragm of diameter 18mm, between the positive pole for lithium-sulfur cell and negative pole, modified one side
Towards positive pole;With sulfur:BP2000 conductive black:PVDF=7:2:1 mass ratio is sized mixing, and slurry is evenly coated in aluminium foil
On, it is placed in 65 DEG C of heat preservation and dryness 12h in vacuum drying oven, obtain positive pole;With lithium piece as negative pole, carry out the assembling of button cell, obtain
Lithium-sulfur cell.
This lithium-sulfur cell is carried out with electrical property multiplying power test, the present embodiment gained lithium-sulfur cell is 150 times under 0.1C multiplying power
After circulation, specific capacity still maintains 600mAh/g.
By embodiment 1-4 gained lithium-sulfur cell is carried out with the test of electrical property multiplying power, gained modified diaphragm of the present invention
Substantially diminishing with respect to modified front aperture, can effectively stopping the shuttle of polysulfide thus avoiding causing lithium-sulfur cell capacity to decline
Subtract;The lithium-sulfur cell using this modified diaphragm of the present invention shows the features such as height ratio capacity, high circulation performance, high stability,
And preparation process have the advantages that material source is extensive, technological process simple, mild condition, workable, cost is relatively
Low, beneficial to business promotion.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
1) crown ether is mixed with sodium alginate aqueous solution and carry out reacting to obtain mixed liquor, with extractant, mixed liquor is extracted, point
From the extract obtaining lower floor;Wherein, the corresponding crown ether using 10~50 μ L of the sodium alginate of every 0.1~0.3g;
2) adopt basement membrane as filter membrane to step 1) gained extract carries out vacuum filtration, is drying to obtain described modified diaphragm;
Or, by step 1) and gained extract is coated on basement membrane, is drying to obtain described modified diaphragm.
2. the preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described extractant
For any one or more in carbon tetrachloride, toluene, dimethyl sulfoxide.
3. the preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described crown ether is
Any one or more in 15- crown ether-5, hexaoxacyclooctadecane-6-6,12- crown ether-4.
4. the preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described alginic acid
In sodium water solution, sodium alginate is 0.1~0.3 with the mass ratio of water:10~20.
5. the preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described reaction
Time is 12~24h.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 be used for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm preparation method it is characterised in that:Reacted
It is stirred in journey, the rotating speed of stirring is 300~500r/min.
7. the preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Described basement membrane is
Polyalkene diaphragm, aperture is 2~200nm.
8. the preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm according to claim 7 it is characterised in that:Described basement membrane is
Polypropylene diaphragm.
9. the preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Step 2) in,
Per membrane area filters or the amount of coating extract is:The quality of the corresponding raw material sodium alginate of per membrane area is 0.04~
0.06mg/cm2.
10. the preparation method for lithium-sulfur cell modified diaphragm according to claim 1 it is characterised in that:Step 2) in,
The temperature of described drying is 25~50 DEG C.
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CN115863904A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-28 | 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 | Coating diaphragm for lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109346645A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-15 | 奚正华 | A kind of preparation method of the multi-functional seaweed polyethylene composite diaphragm for lithium battery |
CN109346645B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2022-03-29 | 中山市嘉靖塑料有限公司 | Preparation method of multifunctional seaweed polyethylene composite diaphragm for lithium battery |
CN115863904A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-28 | 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 | Coating diaphragm for lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115863904B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-05-24 | 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 | Coating diaphragm for lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method and application thereof |
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