CN106383046A - Method for accurately preparing bentonite compaction sample with predetermined water content and dry density - Google Patents
Method for accurately preparing bentonite compaction sample with predetermined water content and dry density Download PDFInfo
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- CN106383046A CN106383046A CN201610956855.0A CN201610956855A CN106383046A CN 106383046 A CN106383046 A CN 106383046A CN 201610956855 A CN201610956855 A CN 201610956855A CN 106383046 A CN106383046 A CN 106383046A
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- bentonite
- dry density
- moisture content
- sample
- compacted
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
Abstract
The invention provides a method for accurately preparing a bentonite compaction sample with predetermined water content and dry density. The method comprises the following steps: preparing snowflake ice crystals; fetching corresponding snowflake ice crystals according to the to-be-prepared water content and uniformly mixing with bentonite; preparing ice-containing bentonite different in ice content; fetching appropriate amount of ice-containing bentonite according to the dry density for a test; or putting the ice-containing bentonite at a room temperature higher than 5 DEG C for melting to obtain water-containing bentonite, and fetching appropriate amount of water-containing bentonite according to the dry density for the test; and compacting by pressure equipment to obtain a sample of a required shape, wherein accurate preparation of a bentonite compaction sample with predetermined water content and dry density is realized through the steps. A compaction sample with predetermined water content and dry density is prepared by use of manmade snowflake ice crystals instead of distilled water, and the uniformly humidified bentonite can be obtained. Moreover, bentonite compaction samples different in water content and dry density can be prepared according to the test requirements to meet the mechanical performance test in more humidifying path conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering soil test technique field, specifically one kind accurately configure predetermined moisture content and do close
The method that the bentonite of degree is compacted sample.
Background technology
It is the feasible method relatively generally acknowledged in the world at present that deep geologic disposes nuke rubbish.Wherein, cushion is last
Road artificial barrier.Backfilling material as cushion should have enough mechanical strengths and good ductility, plays its support
High activity waste container, it is homogenized pressure from surrounding rock, the mechanical damage closed wall-rock crack, prevent high-level waste firming body and waste canister
Deng effect.
Bentonite is a kind of clay rich in montmorillonite, has stronger hygroscopicity and a dilatancy, adsorbable 8～15 times
The own vol water yield, volumetric expansion up to several times to 30 times, the preferred material that therefore bentonite backfills as cushion.Certainly,
Have to pass through and could use as padded coaming after being compacted to certain compaction rate, otherwise do not have effect of barrier.
For studying bentonitic physical and mechanical property, need the compacting sample of the different original water content and dry density of preparation.
Directly water is mixed into bentonite and there are two aspect problems：
1st, under low water content state, water is difficult to mix with bentonite, and bentonite clay particle is superfine, easily by local after water mixing
Absorb, form " pimple " shape；
2nd, under high-moisture state, in bentonite, montmorillonite mineral fully absorbs moisture, spacing of lattice distending, and bentonite volume is sent out
Life significantly expands.Both the above situation causes and is difficult to produce preferable test sample.Preferable solution is there is no in prior art
Scheme.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content and dry density
The method of compacting sample, can obtain uniform humidifying bentonite, can configure different moisture content and dry density according to test requirements document
Bentonite compacting sample, disclosure satisfy that the Mechanics Performance Testing under more humidifying path conditions.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of accurately configure predetermined moisture content and
The method that the bentonite of dry density is compacted sample, comprises the following steps：
First, prepare snowflake ice crystal；
2nd, the moisture content according to required preparation, takes corresponding snowflake ice crystal to mix with bentonite；
3rd, make the bentonite containing ice of different ice contents；
4th, dry density according to needed for test, takes appropriate bentonite containing ice；
Or bentonite containing ice is placed higher than in 5 DEG C of room temperature allowing it to melt, obtains aqueous bentonite, required further according to test
Dry density, takes aqueous bentonite in right amount；
5th, be compacted into the sample of required form by press device, by above step realize accurately configuring predetermined moisture content and
The bentonite compacting sample of dry density.
Preferably in scheme, in step one, snowflake ice crystal particle size 0.01mm ~ 0.1mm.
Preferably in scheme, in walk-in type thermostatic constant wet chamber, prepare snowflake ice crystal with snowmaker, snowmaker first will distill
Water makes snowflake ice pellets, after using built-in ice crusher, snowflake ice pellets is ground into snowflake ice crystal, produce snowflake ice crystal requirement
Uniform particle sizes, particle size controls in 0.01mm ~ 0.1mm.
Preferably in scheme, the temperature of walk-in type thermostatic constant wet chamber is 0-5 DEG C, and humidity is 95%.
Preferably in scheme, the insulation layer thickness of walk-in type thermostatic constant wet chamber is more than 100mm.
Preferably in scheme, in step 2, using mixer mixing snowflake ice crystal and bentonite.
Preferably in scheme, stirring rod adopts screw-type or steel cage stirring rod.
Preferably in scheme, mixing time is less than 10 minutes.
Preferably in scheme, described press device is universal test forcing press, and peak load is 10T.
Preferably in scheme, before preparation, bentonite is dried dehumidification and processes.
The method that the present invention provides the bentonite compacting sample of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content and dry density, by profit
Replace distilled water to prepare the compacting sample of predetermined moisture content and dry density, in the presence of mixer, energy with artificial snow flake ice crystal
Realize bentonite clay particle to mix with the uniform of snowflower particle, and snowflower particle is little, specific surface area is larger, can obtain after thawing uniformly
Humidifying bentonite.And the bentonite compacting sample of different moisture content and dry density, Neng Gouman can be configured according to test requirements document
Mechanics Performance Testing under the more humidifying path condition of foot.In addition, realizing the humidifying time by controlling temperature, can meet more wet
Change the Mechanics Performance Testing under path condition.The method of the present invention meets the larger dry density of laboratory, certain moisture content bentonite
Sample preparation demand；By controlling the particle diameter of artificial snow flake ice crystal, constant temperature and humidity room temperature, realize bentonite inflated timing node,
The controllability of expansion rate；It is prevented effectively from bentonite and meets the easily pockets of characteristic of water, so that bentonitic expansion potentiality is performed to ultimate attainment；
Material environment friendly, is easy to operate.
Brief description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the dry method sample preparation flow process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the wet method sample preparation flow process of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the tamping curve comparison diagram of bentonite-snowflake dry method and bentonite-water mixing method in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is bentonite-Setsuka dry method and bentonite-water mixing method expansive force comparison diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is bentonite-snowflake dry method and bentonite-water mixing method infiltration coefficient contrast under 2m head height in the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In Fig. 1 ~ 2, a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content and dry density bentonite be compacted sample method, including with
Lower step：
First, prepare snowflake ice crystal；
2nd, the moisture content according to required preparation, takes corresponding snowflake ice crystal to mix with bentonite；
3rd, make the bentonite containing ice of different ice contents；
4th, dry density according to needed for test, takes appropriate bentonite containing ice；
Or bentonite containing ice is placed higher than in 5 DEG C of room temperature allowing it to melt, obtains aqueous bentonite, required further according to test
Dry density, takes aqueous bentonite in right amount；
5th, be compacted into the sample of required form by press device, by above step realize accurately configuring predetermined moisture content and
The bentonite compacting sample of dry density.
Embodiment 1
Dry method sample preparation：
1st, such as in Fig. 1, take appropriate bentonite to spread out with 1cm thickness in pallet, be placed in 105 DEG C of baking ovens and 8h is dried, be dried
After the completion of cool down at room temperature 20 minutes, take m1Gram it is positioned in agitator；Dry as preferred step, can omit.
2nd, open walk-in type thermostatic constant wet chamber switch, setting temperature is 0 DEG C, and humidity is 95%；
Preferably, add appropriate distilled water in the water storage apparatus of snowmaker, open snowmaker switch, setting snowflake ice crystal
Grain is 0.03mm, first treats that snowmaker preheats 5 minutes, to remove the snowflake ice of the different size of residual in last time operation in machine
Crystalline substance, the snowflake crystal ice granule incubator storage producing simultaneously moves to rapidly in thermostatic constant wet chamber；Aqueous according to required configuration
Rate, takes m2Gram snowflower particle is positioned in agitator.Snowflake ice crystal can also be prepared using other modes, such as with misting cooling
Method, coordinates into nuclear device, prepares snowflake ice crystal.Or form borneol in equipment surface after spraying, then with breaker by borneol
It is broken into the snowflake ice crystal of required particle diameter size.Snowmaker in this example can become the snowflake ice crystal of product 0.01～0.1mm.
3rd, testing crew is worn wadded jacket and is entered in thermostatic constant wet chamber, using stirring rod to bentonite being dried and snowflake ice crystal is carried out
Preliminary stirring, is then turned on mixer switch, presses " at a slow speed " button, using steel cage stirring rod, mixture is stirred.
To wear masks in whipping process, in case superfine bentonite clay particle thing spills entrance respiratory tract, mixing time is 10 minutes, never long
Time stirs, and prevents mixer heating from so that snowflake ice crystal is melted.
Mixer in this example controls formula mixer for small-sized machine, and capacity is 5L, and rated power is 1KW, according to difference
Need the stirring rod containing two kinds of specifications, i.e. screw-type and steel cage.It is provided with 3 grades of governing speeds, and caloric value is little, can fully mix
Even bentonite and snowflower particle.
The size of thermostatic constant wet chamber is 1m × 2m × 2.5m, and insulation thickness is 100mm, and its temperature range is -20 DEG C -85
DEG C, humidity range is 30%-98%.Test casing and controller, refrigeration unit partial installation, casing is storehouse plate assembled piece type, scene
Install, cooling by water tower is installed on outdoor.
4th, dry density according to needed for test, takes appropriate bentonite-snowflake ice crystal mixture to be weighed in cutting ring mould, people
Work carries out preliminary consolidation, and a diameter of 6.28cm of cutting ring, highly for 2cm.
5th, cutting ring mould is positioned in 10T forcing press, loading velocity is 30mm/min.Uniform speed slow pressurization makes mixture
Material compaction moulding, the swelling soil sample preservative film after compaction moulding wrap be placed on standby in 0 DEG C of refrigerator.
Forcing press in this example is universal test forcing press, has powerful numerical control display system, and its power is 1.5KW,
Peak load is 10T, and test speed arbitrarily can be adjusted in the range of 0.001～1000mm/min.
Referring to Fig. 3 ~ 5, by contrasting the tamping curve of bentonite-snow dry method and bentonite-water mixing method, expanding force curve
And penetration curve, bentonite-snow dry method has superiority in compacting.
Dry method sample preparation is used for simulating the bentonite that original state is drying regime.
Embodiment 2：
Wet method sample preparation：
1st, in the Equipment Foundations of embodiment 1, in such as Fig. 2, take appropriate bentonite to spread out with 1cm thickness in pallet, be placed on
8h is dried in 105 DEG C of baking ovens, cools down at room temperature 20 minutes after the completion of being dried, take n1Gram it is positioned in agitator；Dry as excellent
The step of choosing, can omit.
Open walk-in type thermostatic constant wet chamber switch, setting temperature is 0 DEG C, and humidity is 95%；
2nd, add appropriate distilled water in the water storage apparatus of snowmaker, open snowmaker switch it is preferred that setting snowflower particle is
0.03mm, first treats that snowmaker preheats 5 minutes, to remove the snowflake ice crystal of the different size of residual in last time operation in machine, system
In the snowflake ice crystal incubator storage produced rapid dislocation thermostatic constant wet chamber；According to the moisture content of required preparation, weigh
n2Gram snowflake ice crystal be positioned in agitator.
3rd, testing crew is worn wadded jacket and is entered in thermostatic constant wet chamber, using stirring rod to bentonite being dried and artificial snow flake is carried out
Preliminary stirring, is then turned on mixer switch, presses " at a slow speed " button, using steel cage stirring rod, mixture is stirred,
To wear masks in whipping process, in case superfine bentonite clay particle thing spills entrance respiratory tract, mixing time is 10 minutes, never long
Time stirs, and prevents mixer heating from so that snowflake crystal ice granule is melted.Above concrete preparation method is in the same manner as in Example 1.
4th, the bentonite-snowflake ice crystal mixture holding chamber middle benefit gas after stirring are made it fully melt, obtain necessarily initial
The bentonite of moisture content；
Dry density according to needed for test, takes the bentonite of certain initial aqueous rate in right amount to load in cutting ring mould, manually carries out just
Step compacting, a diameter of 6.28cm of cutting ring, highly for 2cm；
Cutting ring mould is positioned in 10T forcing press, loading velocity is 30mm/min.Uniform speed slow pressurization makes mixed material be compacted
Shaping, the swelling soil sample preservative film after compaction moulding wrap be placed on standby in 25 DEG C of climatic chambers.
During dry method sample preparation in embodiment 1, before forcing press compacting, snowflake ice crystal is in the ice crystal not melted to mixed soil sample
Shape, that is, sample making course all carry out in the environment of 0 DEG C；And during wet method sample preparation, mixed soil sample forcing press compacting before, snowflake ice crystal
It has been melted into water at room temperature, that is, sample preparation first half term is carried out in 0 DEG C of thermostatic constant wet chamber, and the second half is entered in room temperature environment
OK, wet method sample preparation is used for simulating the bentonite initially having certain humidity.
The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and are not construed as the restriction for the present invention, this Shen
Please in embodiment and the feature in embodiment in the case of not conflicting, can mutually be combined.The protection model of the present invention
Enclose the technical scheme that should record with claim, the equivalent side of technical characteristic in the technical scheme recorded including claim
Case is protection domain.I.e. equivalent within this range is improved, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method that the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content and dry density is compacted sample, is characterized in that walking including following
Suddenly：
First, prepare snowflake ice crystal；
2nd, the moisture content according to required preparation, takes corresponding snowflake ice crystal to mix with bentonite；
3rd, make the bentonite containing ice of different ice contents；
4th, dry density according to needed for test, takes appropriate bentonite containing ice；
Or bentonite containing ice is placed higher than in 5 DEG C of room temperature allowing it to melt, obtains aqueous bentonite, required further according to test
Dry density, takes aqueous bentonite in right amount；
5th, be compacted into the sample of required form by press device, by above step realize accurately configuring predetermined moisture content and
The bentonite compacting sample of dry density.
2. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 1 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：In step one, snowflake ice crystal particle size 0.01mm ~ 0.1mm.
3. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 2 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：In walk-in type thermostatic constant wet chamber, prepare snowflake ice crystal with snowmaker, distilled water is first made snow by snowmaker
Flower ice pellets, after using built-in ice crusher, snowflake ice pellets is ground into snowflake ice crystal, produce snowflake ice crystal requirement uniform particle sizes,
Particle size controls in 0.01mm ~ 0.1mm.
4. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 2 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：The temperature of walk-in type thermostatic constant wet chamber is 0-5 DEG C, and humidity is 95%.
5. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 1 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：The insulation layer thickness of walk-in type thermostatic constant wet chamber is more than 100mm.
6. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 1 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：In step 2, using mixer mixing snowflake ice crystal and bentonite.
7. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 6 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：Stirring rod adopts screw-type or steel cage stirring rod.
8. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 6 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：Mixing time is less than 10 minutes.
9. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 1 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：Described press device is universal test forcing press, and peak load is 10T.
10. the bentonite of a kind of accurate configuration predetermined moisture content according to claim 1 and dry density is compacted the side of sample
Method, is characterized in that：Before preparation, bentonite is dried dehumidification and processes.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109724855A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-07 | 上海大学 | The method that imitated soil sample is repeated by heating volatilization organic material skeleton using 3D printing technique |
| CN110987709A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 河海大学 | Method for rapidly predicting dry density, water content and water absorption of aerated concrete discharged from kettle |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109724855A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-07 | 上海大学 | The method that imitated soil sample is repeated by heating volatilization organic material skeleton using 3D printing technique |
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| CN110987709A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 河海大学 | Method for rapidly predicting dry density, water content and water absorption of aerated concrete discharged from kettle |
| CN110987709B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-04-27 | 河海大学 | Method for rapidly predicting dry density, water content and water absorption of aerated concrete discharged from kettle |
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