CN106378458A - Method for preparing hard alloy in vacuum extrusion mode - Google Patents
Method for preparing hard alloy in vacuum extrusion mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN106378458A CN106378458A CN201610753928.6A CN201610753928A CN106378458A CN 106378458 A CN106378458 A CN 106378458A CN 201610753928 A CN201610753928 A CN 201610753928A CN 106378458 A CN106378458 A CN 106378458A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F2003/145—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously by warm compacting, below debindering temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a hard alloy in a vacuum extrusion mode. The method comprises the following steps of: S1, raw material pre-treatment: removing impurities and rust; S2, powder preparation: dehydrating, drying and screening the raw materials to obtain various powder; S3, preparation of a vacuum sheath: after vacuum degassing, hermetically welding the metal sheath; S4, performing vacuum thermal extrusion, and performing preheating at 370 DEG C, 430 DEG C, 490 DEG C and 550 DEG C, respectively, before extrusion, preserving the temperature for 1h, after preserving the temperature, placing the metal sheath on a 300t oil press to be extruded, maintaining the temperature at 1000 DEG C and performing extrusion to obtain a blank; and S5, grinding: roughly grinding the blank. The hard alloy has the excellent characteristics of low density, high thermal conductivity, low expansion, high specific strength and the like, and is good in compactness, compact in micro-structure and high in tensile strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hard alloy preparation technology field is and in particular to one kind prepares hard conjunction using vacuum press mode
The method of gold.
Background technology
Developing rapidly with mechanical industry, high-speed machine tool, the quality of numerical control machining center is constantly lifted to hard alloy
The requirement more and more higher of performance, the alloy of the high combination property such as high rigidity, high intensity, high-wearing feature, high tenacity, highly corrosion resistant
Receive an acclaim.
And tradition fine grain and mould pressing technology are inaccessiable, one side compactness not, leads to hardness not, on the other hand
It is polished rear microcosmic surface bad, tensile strength structure is inadequate.
Content of the invention
For problem above, the invention provides a kind of method that hard alloy is prepared using vacuum press mode, have
Low-density, highly thermally conductive, low bulk, the high ratio excellent specific property such as strong, compactness is good, and microstructure is compact, and tensile strength is strong, Ke Yiyou
Effect solves the problems, such as in background technology.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：One kind is prepared using vacuum press mode firmly
The method of matter alloy, comprises the following steps：
S1, pre-treatment of raw material, raw material are carried out, and the attachment pollutant on surface is rejected, and recycle acid afterwards
Wash, reject the oxide on surface, and dried；
S2, powder preparation, the raw material of drying are put in thawing furnace and melt, the molten drop having liquefied is through leting slip a remark
In spray injection device, blown out atomization by gases at high pressure, atomization metal liquid is injected directly in High-Pressure Water, High-Pressure Water is collected
Filter and enter and in the drier of high-speed rotation, carry out processed, through drying, sieving obtains various powder；
S3, vacuum canning, the powder of gained in S2 are uniformly mixed, just dress and jolt ramming loads in special metal capsule,
After vacuum degassing, close welding metal jacket；
S4, vacuum hot extrusion, and carry out 370 DEG C, 430 DEG C, 490 DEG C, 550 DEG C pre- before carrying out extruding extrusion respectively
Heat, is incubated 1h, is extruded being placed on metal capsule after insulation, and maintain the temperature at 1000 on 300t hydraulic press
DEG C, extruding obtains blank；
S5, grind, blank is roughly ground, and the original blank adjacent face after being roughly ground is docked,
Refined, to reach adjacent face directly seamless contact during end face docking.
According to technique scheme, in step s 2, described High-Pressure Water is apart from 200 millimeters of sprayer unit.
According to technique scheme, the aperture of described screen cloth is 0.14 millimeter.
According to technique scheme, in step s 4, use oil lubrication during hot extrusion, extrusion ratio is 16,
Extruding cone angle is 90 °.
According to technique scheme, in step s 5, after grinding, surface roughness Ra≤0.4um.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention is combined with PM technique Hardmetal materials prepared by (RS-PM) using flash set technology,
There is low-density, highly thermally conductive, low bulk, the high ratio excellent specific property such as strong, and because metal active is very high, in rapid solidification flour
Inevitably form layer oxide film, the phase counterdiffusion leading to alloying element in densification process hindered it is difficult to be formed
Metallurgical bond, therefore, using densification process, for rapidly solidified alloy powder, rapid solidification high si-al alloy powder
When hot-pressed, because powder contains substantial amounts of primary phase, the plasticity of material is poor, for improving the antiwear property of mould,
Therefore typically jacket encapsulation is done using the preferable material of plasticity (as fine aluminium), compactness is good, and microstructure is compact, and tensile strength is strong.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the surface topography map of powder of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method preparing hard alloy using vacuum press mode, comprises the following steps：
S1, pre-treatment of raw material, raw material are carried out, and the attachment pollutant on surface is rejected, and recycle acid afterwards
Wash, reject the oxide on surface, and dried；
S2, powder preparation, the raw material of drying are put in thawing furnace and melt, the molten drop having liquefied is through leting slip a remark
In spray injection device, blown out atomization by gases at high pressure, atomization metal liquid is injected directly in High-Pressure Water, High-Pressure Water is collected
Filter and enter and in the drier of high-speed rotation, carry out processed, through drying, sieving obtains various powder；
S3, vacuum canning, the powder of gained in S2 are uniformly mixed, just dress and jolt ramming loads in special metal capsule,
After vacuum degassing, close welding metal jacket；
S4, vacuum hot extrusion, and carry out 370 DEG C of preheating before carrying out extruding extrusion respectively, it is incubated 1h, through protecting
After temperature, metal capsule is placed on 300t hydraulic press and is extruded, and maintain the temperature at 1000 DEG C, extruding obtains blank；
S5, grind, blank is roughly ground, and the original blank adjacent face after being roughly ground is docked,
Refined, to reach adjacent face directly seamless contact during end face docking.
In step s 2, described High-Pressure Water is apart from 200 millimeters of sprayer unit；The aperture of described screen cloth is 0.14 millimeter；
In step s 4, use oil lubrication during hot extrusion, extrusion ratio is 16, extruding cone angle is 90 °；In step s 5,
After grinding, surface roughness Ra≤0.4um.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of method preparing hard alloy using vacuum press mode, comprises the following steps：
S1, pre-treatment of raw material, raw material are carried out, and the attachment pollutant on surface is rejected, and recycle acid afterwards
Wash, reject the oxide on surface, and dried；
S2, powder preparation, the raw material of drying are put in thawing furnace and melt, the molten drop having liquefied is through leting slip a remark
In spray injection device, blown out atomization by gases at high pressure, atomization metal liquid is injected directly in High-Pressure Water, High-Pressure Water is collected
Filter and enter and in the drier of high-speed rotation, carry out processed, through drying, sieving obtains various powder；
S3, vacuum canning, the powder of gained in S2 are uniformly mixed, just dress and jolt ramming loads in special metal capsule,
After vacuum degassing, close welding metal jacket；
S4, vacuum hot extrusion, and carry out 430 DEG C of preheating before carrying out extruding extrusion respectively, it is incubated 1h, through protecting
After temperature, metal capsule is placed on 300t hydraulic press and is extruded, and maintain the temperature at 1000 DEG C, extruding obtains blank；
S5, grind, blank is roughly ground, and the original blank adjacent face after being roughly ground is docked,
Refined, to reach adjacent face directly seamless contact during end face docking.
In step s 2, described High-Pressure Water is apart from 200 millimeters of sprayer unit；The aperture of described screen cloth is 0.14 millimeter；
In step s 4, use oil lubrication during hot extrusion, extrusion ratio is 16, extruding cone angle is 90 °；In step s 5,
After grinding, surface roughness Ra≤0.4um.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of method preparing hard alloy using vacuum press mode, comprises the following steps：
S1, pre-treatment of raw material, raw material are carried out, and the attachment pollutant on surface is rejected, and recycle acid afterwards
Wash, reject the oxide on surface, and dried；
S2, powder preparation, the raw material of drying are put in thawing furnace and melt, the molten drop having liquefied is through leting slip a remark
In spray injection device, blown out atomization by gases at high pressure, atomization metal liquid is injected directly in High-Pressure Water, High-Pressure Water is collected
Filter and enter and in the drier of high-speed rotation, carry out processed, through drying, sieving obtains various powder；
S3, vacuum canning, the powder of gained in S2 are uniformly mixed, just dress and jolt ramming loads in special metal capsule,
After vacuum degassing, close welding metal jacket；
S4, vacuum hot extrusion, and carry out 490 DEG C of preheating before carrying out extruding extrusion respectively, it is incubated 1h, through protecting
After temperature, metal capsule is placed on 300t hydraulic press and is extruded, and maintain the temperature at 1000 DEG C, extruding obtains blank；
S5, grind, blank is roughly ground, and the original blank adjacent face after being roughly ground is docked,
Refined, to reach adjacent face directly seamless contact during end face docking.
In step s 2, described High-Pressure Water is apart from 200 millimeters of sprayer unit；The aperture of described screen cloth is 0.14 millimeter；
In step s 4, use oil lubrication during hot extrusion, extrusion ratio is 16, extruding cone angle is 90 °；In step s 5,
After grinding, surface roughness Ra≤0.4um.
Embodiment 4：
Comprise the following steps：
S1, pre-treatment of raw material, raw material are carried out, and the attachment pollutant on surface is rejected, and recycle acid afterwards
Wash, reject the oxide on surface, and dried；
S2, powder preparation, the raw material of drying are put in thawing furnace and melt, the molten drop having liquefied is through leting slip a remark
In spray injection device, blown out atomization by gases at high pressure, atomization metal liquid is injected directly in High-Pressure Water, High-Pressure Water is collected
Filter and enter and in the drier of high-speed rotation, carry out processed, through drying, sieving obtains various powder；
S3, vacuum canning, the powder of gained in S2 are uniformly mixed, just dress and jolt ramming loads in special metal capsule,
After vacuum degassing, close welding metal jacket；
S4, vacuum hot extrusion, and carry out 550 DEG C of preheating before carrying out extruding extrusion respectively, it is incubated 1h, through protecting
After temperature, metal capsule is placed on 300t hydraulic press and is extruded, and maintain the temperature at 1000 DEG C, extruding obtains blank；
S5, grind, blank is roughly ground, and the original blank adjacent face after being roughly ground is docked,
Refined, to reach adjacent face directly seamless contact during end face docking.
In step s 2, described High-Pressure Water is apart from 200 millimeters of sprayer unit；The aperture of described screen cloth is 0.14 millimeter；
In step s 4, use oil lubrication during hot extrusion, extrusion ratio is 16, extruding cone angle is 90 °；In step s 5,
After grinding, surface roughness Ra≤0.4 um.
Density measurement is carried out to the silumin material after hot extrusion by drainage, measurement result such as following table：
| Embodiment | Solid density g cm (- 3) | Measurement density g cm (- 3) | Consistency % |
| 1 | 2.5975 | 2.5814 | 99.38 |
| 2 | 2.5975 | 2.5498 | 98.16 |
| 3 | 2.5612 | 2.4912 | 97.27 |
| 4 | 2.5612 | 2.4817 | 96.90 |
By in table, as can be seen that the density of hard alloy reduces step by step, typically its value is between 2.48～2.60g/cm3
Change, the result that its value and theoretical calculation relational expression are calculated is very close to can be prepared using hot extrusion technique and cause close to complete
Close hard aluminium alloy material, this is subject to powerful three-dimensional compressive stress to act on and tangentially cut mainly due to powder in hot extrusion should
Power acts on, and so that the surface film oxide of powder is crushed, thus promoting to form good metallurgical binding between powder particle, decreasing heat
The formation of defect, has obtained very fine and close silumin material.
The surface topography of powder：The microstructure of powder is as shown in Figure 2.Figure it is seen that these powder particles are in not
Regular shape, its substantially pattern is spherical, droplet-like strip and block on a small quantity.The main cause of impact powder shape is oxygen
Change, that is, during air atomizing, because drop there occurs oxidation so as to nodularization is hindered in atomization process；Further, since water-cooled
When but, cooling velocity is very fast, and drop has little time abundant nodularization and is just frozen into powder, so the shape of powder is mostly strip, powder
Last particle is thinner, most of between 2-10um, the also bigger particle of small part size.
Mechanical performance：The tensile strength test result of rapid solidification vacuum canning hot extrusion silumin material sees below
Table：
From in table, for casting state silumin, its tensile strength is only 135MPa, and No. 1 sample is in 370 DEG C of warm
After extruding, its tensile strength is 239MPa, and for comparing the roughly the same casting sample of composition, intensity improves 77%.
Based on above-mentioned, it is an advantage of the current invention that (RS-PM) is combined using flash set technology with PM technique
The Hardmetal materials of preparation, have low-density, highly thermally conductive, low bulk, the high ratio excellent specific property such as strong, and due to metal active very
Height, inevitably forms layer oxide film in rapid solidification flour, leads to the mutual expansion of alloying element in densification process
Dissipate hindered it is difficult to form metallurgical bond, therefore, using densification process, for rapidly solidified alloy powder, quickly
When solidification high si-al alloy powder is hot-pressed, because powder contains substantial amounts of primary phase, the plasticity of material is poor, for improving
The antiwear property of mould, therefore typically jacket encapsulation is done using the preferable material of plasticity (as fine aluminium), compactness is good, microstructure
Compact, tensile strength is strong.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of the method for hard alloy is prepared it is characterised in that comprising the following steps using vacuum press mode：
S1, pre-treatment of raw material, raw material are carried out, and the attachment pollutant on surface is rejected, and recycle pickling afterwards, pick
Except the oxide on surface, and dried；
S2, powder preparation, the raw material of drying are put in thawing furnace and melt, the molten drop having liquefied is through injection of leting slip a remark
In sprayer unit, blown out atomization by gases at high pressure, atomization metal liquid is injected directly in High-Pressure Water, High-Pressure Water is collected and filters
And enter and in the drier of high-speed rotation, carry out processed, through drying, sieving obtains various powder；
S3, vacuum canning, the powder of gained in S2 are uniformly mixed, just dress and jolt ramming loads in special metal capsule, pass through
After vacuum degassing, close welding metal jacket；
S4, vacuum hot extrusion, and carry out 370 DEG C, 430 DEG C, 490 DEG C, 550 DEG C of preheating before carrying out extruding extrusion respectively,
Insulation 1h, is extruded on 300t hydraulic press being placed on metal capsule after insulation, and is maintained the temperature at 1000 DEG C, squeezes
Pressure obtains blank；
S5, grind, blank is roughly ground, and the original blank adjacent face after being roughly ground is docked, in end face
Refined during docking, to reach adjacent face directly seamless contact.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of using vacuum press mode prepare hard alloy method it is characterised in that
In step S2, described High-Pressure Water is apart from 200 millimeters of sprayer unit.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of the method for hard alloy is prepared it is characterised in that institute using vacuum press mode
The aperture stating screen cloth is 0.14 millimeter.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of using vacuum press mode prepare hard alloy method it is characterised in that
In step S4, use oil lubrication during hot extrusion, extrusion ratio is 16, extruding cone angle is 90 °.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of using vacuum press mode prepare hard alloy method it is characterised in that
In step S5, after grinding, surface roughness Ra≤0.4um.
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Citations (7)
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| US20040213692A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-10-28 | Zenzo Ishijima | Copper based material of law thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity and method for producing the same |
| CN1877823A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2006-12-13 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing silumin electronic package materials |
| CN1877822A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2006-12-13 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing silumin electronic package materials |
| CN1940116A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-04 | 中南大学 | Zero-sintering and hydrogen-expansion nano-diffusion reinforced Cu-Al2O3 alloy and its production |
| CN101217074A (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2008-07-09 | 中希合金有限公司 | A silver tin/copper oxide compound electrical contact and preparation method |
| CN101240387A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-08-13 | 中南大学 | Cu-Al2O3 nano strengthened dispersion alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104269296A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver tin oxide electric contact material |
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2016
- 2016-08-29 CN CN201610753928.6A patent/CN106378458A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040213692A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-10-28 | Zenzo Ishijima | Copper based material of law thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity and method for producing the same |
| CN1940116A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-04 | 中南大学 | Zero-sintering and hydrogen-expansion nano-diffusion reinforced Cu-Al2O3 alloy and its production |
| CN1877823A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2006-12-13 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing silumin electronic package materials |
| CN1877822A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2006-12-13 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing silumin electronic package materials |
| CN101240387A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-08-13 | 中南大学 | Cu-Al2O3 nano strengthened dispersion alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101217074A (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2008-07-09 | 中希合金有限公司 | A silver tin/copper oxide compound electrical contact and preparation method |
| CN104269296A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver tin oxide electric contact material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 甘卫平，陈招科，杨伏良: "真空包套热挤压高硅铝合金粉末材料的研究", 《稀有金属与硬质合金》 * |
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Application publication date: 20170208 |