CN106373621B - A kind of lead bismuth heap ADS core structure - Google Patents
A kind of lead bismuth heap ADS core structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106373621B CN106373621B CN201610999874.1A CN201610999874A CN106373621B CN 106373621 B CN106373621 B CN 106373621B CN 201610999874 A CN201610999874 A CN 201610999874A CN 106373621 B CN106373621 B CN 106373621B
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- lead
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- reflecting layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
- G21C3/06—Casings; Jackets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of lead bismuth heap ADS core structure, including:The cold target area of lead, the cold target area of lead is cylindrical cavity structure, the outer upper of the cold target area of lead and top beryllium reflector is provided with around the cold target area of lead, the outer lower portion of the cold target area of lead and Lead coolant is provided with around the cold target area of lead, the upper surface of the Lead coolant contacts with the lower surface of top beryllium reflector, the outside of the Lead coolant and the top beryllium reflector is surrounded with polyethylene side reflecting layer respectively, and the polyethylene side reflecting layer has wrapped around bottom reflecting layer.The problems such as core structure of the present invention is efficiently solved due to Core Design complicated band next reliability and security difference, improve the efficiency of ADS reactors.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear equipment technical field, more particularly, to a kind of heap of the lead bismuth heap ADS for spentnuclear fuel processing
Cored structure.
Background technology
ADS is Accelerator Driven Subcritical clean nuclear power system, and lead bismuth heap ADS core structure is used to realize proton beam
Heavy metal spallation target is bombarded, causes spallation reaction, outer source neutron is provided to drive the nuclear reaction in reactor for sub-critical reactor, from
And realize the functions such as nuke rubbish transmuting.The reactor core requirement reliability that reactor uses is high and security is good, at present in lead bismuth heap ADS
Core Design in, bulky there is complex designing, manufacture difficulty is big, it is less economical the problems such as.Therefore design one is needed
Kind reactor core solves posed problems above.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of lead bismuth heap ADS core structure, to efficiently solve because reactor core is set
The problems such as counting the reliability and security difference that complicated band is come, improve the efficiency of ADS reactors.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:
A kind of lead bismuth heap ADS core structure, including:
The cold target area of lead, the cold target area of lead are cylindrical cavity structure, the outer upper of the cold target area of lead and circular lead
Cold target area is provided with top beryllium reflector, the outer lower portion of the cold target area of lead and is provided with Lead coolant around the cold target area of lead, described
The upper surface of Lead coolant contacts with the lower surface of top beryllium reflector, the Lead coolant and the top beryllium reflector it is outer
Side is surrounded with polyethylene side reflecting layer respectively, and the polyethylene side reflecting layer has wrapped around bottom reflecting layer;
Multiple first enrichment fuel assemblies, the polyethylene side reflector region are provided with the top beryllium reflector region
It is provided with multiple second enrichment fuel assemblies in domain, the bottom in the Lead coolant and polyethylene side reflecting layer is provided with active region bottom
Plate, the corresponding hole in target area cold with lead and first and second enrichment fuel assembly position, the cold target of lead are provided with the active region bottom plate
Area and the lower end of first and second enrichment fuel assembly are respectively embedded on hole corresponding thereto;
The lower section of the active region bottom plate is sequentially provided with graphite movable block, graphite movable block involucrum, bottom from inside to outside
Cardiolith ink and support ring seat.
Further, top cover is installed at the top of the cold target area of the lead, the bottom of the cold target area of lead is provided with stainless steel pad
Block.
Further, the first enrichment fuel assembly is 90% enrichment fuel assembly, the second enrichment combustion
Material component is 20% enrichment fuel assembly, and the first enrichment fuel assembly and the second enrichment fuel assembly are
Cylinder.
Further, four are had on the top beryllium reflector and the Lead coolant corresponding with top beryllium reflector
Enclose circular hole, and top beryllium reflector and corresponded with the circular hole position on Lead coolant, each circular hole can accommodate first respectively
Enrichment fuel assembly, often enclose circular hole and be distributed centered on the cold target area of lead in symmetrical expression.
Further, the polyethylene reflecting layer is the cylinder type that inner side is provided with step, and outside polyethylene side reflects
Three circle circular holes are provided with layer, and eight circle circular holes are had on inner side polyethylene side reflecting layer and Lead coolant corresponding thereto,
And the circular hole on polyethylene side reflecting layer and Lead coolant corresponds, each circular hole can accommodate the second enrichment fuel stack respectively
Part, often enclose circular hole and be distributed centered on the cold target area of lead in symmetrical expression.
Further, the cold safety rod of two lead and two lead cold regulating rods are installed, two lead are cold on the bottom reflecting layer
Safety rod and two cold regulating rods of lead are along the circumferential direction distributed using the cold target area of lead as the center of circle in symmetrical expression respectively.
Further, eight aluminium guide pipes are installed, eight aluminium guide pipes are using the cold target area of lead as circle on the bottom reflecting layer
The heart is along the circumferential direction distributed in symmetrical expression.
Further, the cold regulating rod of the lead is cylinder, and the cold regulating rod of lead is peeled off, adjusted including regulating rod stainless steel
Save rod Cd uptake body and regulating rod stainless steel back cover.
Further, the cold safety rod of the lead is cylinder, and the cold safety rod of lead includes safety rod cadmium involucrum, safety rod
Cadmium back cover, safety rod polyethylene and boron carbide absorber.
Further, the aluminium guide pipe is cylinder type.
Relative to prior art, a kind of lead bismuth heap ADS core structure of the present invention has the advantage that:
A kind of safe and reliable lead bismuth heap ADS reactor cores of the present invention, can be efficiently solved because Core Design is answered
The problems such as miscellaneous reliability brought and security difference, the efficiency of ADS reactors is improved, while meeting normal reactor operation
And on the premise of safety, economy is effectively improved, the present invention improves the efficiency and security of lead bismuth ADS reactor cores.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing for forming the part of the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Apply example and its illustrate to be used to explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the reactor core overall structure diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the core structure sectional view described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the core structure top view described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the enrichment fuel assembly location arrangements schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
The cold target area of 1- lead;101- top covers;102- cushion blocks;Beryllium reflector at the top of 2-;3- polyethylene sides reflecting layer;4- first is rich
Intensity fuel assembly;5- the second enrichment fuel assemblies;6- Lead coolants;7- bottoms reflecting layer;8- active regions bottom plate;9- graphite is lived
Motion block;10- graphite movable block involucrums;11- supports ring seat;12- bottoms graphite center;The cold regulating rod of 13- lead;The cold safety of 14- lead
Rod;15- aluminium guide pipes.
Embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", " under ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer " are
Based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than instruction or dark
Show that the device of meaning or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, thus it is it is not intended that right
The limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint phase
To importance or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, the feature for defining " first ", " second " etc. can
To express or implicitly include one or more this feature.In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple "
It is meant that two or more.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected;Can
To be mechanical connection or electrical connection;Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood by concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of lead bismuth heap ADS core structure, including:
The cold target area 1 of lead, the cold target area 1 of lead are cylindrical cavity structure, and the cold top of target area 1 of lead is provided with top cover
101, the bottom of the cold target area 1 of lead is provided with stainless steel cushion block 102, the outer upper of the cold target area 1 of lead and cold around lead
Target area 1 is provided with top beryllium reflector 2, the outer lower portion of the cold target area 1 of lead and is provided with Lead coolant 6, institute around the cold target area 1 of lead
The upper surface for stating Lead coolant 6 contacts with the lower surface of top beryllium reflector 2, the Lead coolant 6 and top beryllium reflection
The outside of layer 2 is surrounded with polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 respectively, and the polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 has wrapped around bottom reflecting layer 7;
Multiple first enrichment fuel assemblies 4, the polyethylene side reflecting layer are provided with the region of top beryllium reflector 2
Multiple second enrichment fuel assemblies 5 are provided with 3 regions, the first enrichment fuel assembly 4 is 90% enrichment fuel stack
Part, the second enrichment fuel assembly 5 are 20% enrichment fuel assembly, the first enrichment fuel assembly 4 and described
Second enrichment fuel assembly 5 is cylinder, and the bottom in the Lead coolant 6 and polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 is provided with active region
Bottom plate 8, it is corresponding that target area 1 cold with lead and first and second enrichment fuel assembly 4,5 positions are provided with the active region bottom plate 8
The lower end of hole, the cold target area of lead and first and second enrichment fuel assembly 4,5 is respectively embedded on hole corresponding thereto;
The lower section of the active region bottom plate 8 is sequentially provided with graphite movable block 9, graphite movable block involucrum 10, bottom from inside to outside
Portion center graphite 12 and support ring seat 11.
As shown in figure 4, opened respectively on the top beryllium reflector 2 and the Lead coolant 6 corresponding with top beryllium reflector 2
There are a four circle circular holes, and top beryllium reflector 2 and corresponded with the circular hole position on Lead coolant 6, each circular hole can hold respectively
Receive the first enrichment fuel assembly 4, often enclose circular hole and be distributed centered on the cold target area 1 of lead in symmetrical expression;The polyethylene reflection
Layer 3 is the cylinder type that inner side is provided with step, and three circle circular holes, inner side polyethylene side are provided with outside polyethylene side reflecting layer 3
Eight circle circular holes, and polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 and Lead coolant 6 are had on reflecting layer 3 and Lead coolant 6 corresponding thereto
On circular hole correspond, each circular hole can accommodate the second enrichment fuel assembly 5 respectively, often enclose circular hole with the cold target area 1 of lead
Centered in symmetrical expression be distributed.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the cold safety rod 14 of two lead and two lead cold regulating rods are installed on the bottom reflecting layer 7
13, the cold safety rod 14 of two lead and the cold regulating rod 13 of two lead are respectively that the center of circle is in along the circumferential direction symmetrical expression with the cold target area 1 of lead
Distribution, the cold regulating rod 13 of lead are cylinder, and the cold regulating rod 13 of lead is peeled off including regulating rod stainless steel, regulating rod cadmium is inhaled
Acceptor and regulating rod stainless steel back cover, the cold safety rod 14 of lead are cylinder, and the cold safety rod 14 of lead includes safety rod cadmium
Involucrum, safety rod cadmium back cover, safety rod polyethylene and boron carbide absorber;Eight aluminium are installed on the bottom reflecting layer 7 to be oriented to
Pipe 15, eight aluminium guide pipes 15 are that the center of circle is along the circumferential direction distributed in symmetrical expression with the cold target area 1 of lead, and the aluminium guide pipe 15 is circle
Cylindrical structure.
The course of work of the present embodiment:The center of core structure is the cold target area 1 of lead, and the cold target area 1 of lead is located at reactor core center,
It is installation spallation target that it, which is acted on, isolates spallation target and reactor coolant, the cold upper end perforate of target area 1 of lead, conveniently installs and fixed
Spallation target, the cold target area 1 of lead of the critical experiment reactor core of Lead coolant 6 are designed as the cavity structure of cylindrical shape, the internal diameter of the cold target area 1 of lead
It is smaller, more beneficial to critical, also require that the cold target area 1 of lead can load some instrument and equipments such as neutron tube, run rabbit when being tested
System etc., the cold top of target area 1 of lead is provided with top cover 101 to prevent object from falling into target area, due to the critical test reactor in-core of Lead coolant 6
Substantial amounts of lead and fuel assembly are loaded with, in order to which the cold target area 1 of lead deforms and causes criticality accident when preventing unexpected occur, the cold target of lead
The stainless steel cushion block 102 that the bottom of area 1 adds, to ensure the overall integrality in target area.
Lead cold dome core belongs to fast reactor, is difficult to compared with water cooling reactor core critical, and in order to meet requirement of experiment, the design in reflecting layer is very
It is important, reflector material, size and arrangement are correctly chosen, critical state can also be reached by meeting the requirement of neutron energy spectrum,
Due to the beryllium reflecting effect and weak absorbing good to neutron, metallic beryllium is best reflecting material, is found by calculating, equally
Reflecting effect, the reflector thickness required for beryllium is only 1/8 of graphite or so, but the price of beryllium is very expensive, and have
There is certain toxicity, can not largely use, therefore in the upper end of the first enrichment fuel assembly 4, metallic beryllium block can be filled
As reflecting layer, beryllium block is filled in whole fuel assembly upper end, between the first enrichment fuel assembly 4, also does upper reflection with beryllium
Layer material, collectively form top beryllium reflector 2;Then upper reflection is done between second enrichment fuel assembly 5 with the polyethylene of easy processing
Layer material, polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 is formed, such combination can both play a part of reflected neutron, again will not be excessive
Ground degraded neutron, material cost can also be saved.
The arrangement of first enrichment fuel assembly 4 and the second enrichment fuel assembly 5 in contrast to it is square arrangement or
Hexagon is arranged, and the fuel assembly arrangement mode of concentric circles can arrange more fuel stack under conditions of similar face product
Part, advantageously reduce leakage, and in this arrangement mode, be all for the fuel assembly in a certain circle it is centrosymmetric, this
Experiment measurement will be a little very beneficial for, as long as measuring the data of a certain rod, it is possible to represent the result of this circle rod, institute
So that in core structure design, the arrangement mode of the fuel assembly used is concentric circles arrangement.
In this Core Design, bottom reflecting layer 7 is graphite material, and center opens circular hole, also has two cold safety of lead in structure
The perforate of rod 14, the cold perforate of regulating rod 13 of two lead and 8 perforates of aluminium guide pipe 15, top beryllium reflector 2 is cylindrical, beryllium material
Material, center open circular hole, 4 circle circular holes are provided with plate, and circular hole position is identical with the position of fuel assembly.The cold safety rod 14 of lead is cylinder
Shape, the cold safety rod 14 of lead are made up of safety rod cadmium involucrum, safety rod cadmium back cover, safety rod polyethylene, boron carbide absorber;Aluminium is led
It is columnar structured to pipe 15;First enrichment fuel assembly 4 is cylinder, and the first enrichment fuel assembly 4 is by stainless ladle
Back cover under shell, stainless steel, back cover, spring, metallic uranium, beryllium composition on stainless steel;Second enrichment fuel assembly 5 is cylinder,
Second enrichment fuel assembly 5 is by underseal mouth, sleeve pipe, aluminum jacket back cover, aluminum jacket sleeve pipe, polyethylene blocks, fuel slug, upper sealing
Composition;The cold regulating rod 13 of lead is cylinder, and the cold regulating rod 13 of lead is by regulating rod stainless steel cladding, regulating rod every absorber, regulation
Rod stainless steel back cover forms.
Lead coolant 6 is columnar structured Lai the appearance and size of, accumulation by lead heap, and centre is provided with 12 circle circular holes,
The position correspondence in hole is in the position of fuel assembly;The graphite movable block 9 of bottom is located at immediately below core structure, arranges thereunder
There is graphite block drive mechanism, its function is driving bottom graphite movable block 9, uses stepper motor action drives during normal work,
Powered off in the case of generation accident, magnechuck disengages, and bottom graphite movable block 9 is hurtled down;Active region bottom plate 8 is a circle
Shape plate, 15 circle circular holes are provided with plate, circular hole is enclosed in inner side 4, and aperture is bigger, and circular hole position is identical with the position of fuel assembly, outside
11 circle circular holes, aperture is smaller, and circular hole position is identical with the position of fuel assembly.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. lead bismuth heap ADS core structure, it is characterised in that including:The cold target area of lead (1), the cold target area of lead (1) are cylindrical cavity structure, the outer upper and ring of the cold target area of lead (1) Top beryllium reflector (2) is provided with around the cold target area of lead (1), the outer lower portion of the cold target area of lead (1) and is set around the cold target area of lead (1) There is Lead coolant (6), the upper surface of the Lead coolant (6) contacts with the lower surface of top beryllium reflector (2), the lead cooling The outside of agent (6) and the top beryllium reflector (2) is surrounded with polyethylene side reflecting layer (3), the polyethylene side reflection respectively Layer (3) has wrapped around bottom reflecting layer (7);Multiple first enrichment fuel assemblies (4), the polyethylene side reflecting layer are provided with top beryllium reflector (2) region (3) bottom of multiple second enrichment fuel assemblies (5), the Lead coolant (6) and polyethylene side reflecting layer (3) is provided with region Portion is provided with active region bottom plate (8), is provided with and the cold target area of lead (1) and first and second enrichment fuel stack on the active region bottom plate (8) The corresponding hole in part (4), (5) position, the cold target area of lead and first and second enrichment fuel assembly (4), the lower end of (5) are respectively embedded into Onto hole corresponding thereto;The lower section of the active region bottom plate (8) be sequentially provided with from inside to outside graphite movable block (9), graphite movable block involucrum (10), Bottom centre's graphite (12) and support ring seat (11).
- A kind of 2. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 1 core structure, it is characterised in that:The cold target area of lead (1) top Portion is provided with top cover (101), and the bottom of the cold target area of lead (1) is provided with stainless steel cushion block (102).
- A kind of 3. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 1 core structure, it is characterised in that:The first enrichment combustion Expect that component (4) is 90% enrichment fuel assembly, the second enrichment fuel assembly (5) is 20% enrichment fuel assembly, The first enrichment fuel assembly (4) and the second enrichment fuel assembly (5) are cylinder.
- A kind of 4. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 1 core structure, it is characterised in that:The top beryllium reflector (2) four circle circular holes, and top beryllium reflector (2) and on the Lead coolant (6) corresponding with top beryllium reflector (2) are had Being corresponded with the circular hole position on Lead coolant (6), each circular hole can accommodate the first enrichment fuel assembly (4) respectively, Circular hole is often enclosed to be distributed in symmetrical expression centered on the cold target area of lead (1).
- A kind of 5. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 1 core structure, it is characterised in that:The polyethylene reflecting layer (3) cylinder type of step is provided with for inner side, three circle circular holes, inner side polyethylene are provided with outside polyethylene side reflecting layer (3) Have eight circle circular holes on lateral reflection layer (3) and Lead coolant (6) corresponding thereto, and polyethylene side reflecting layer (3) and Circular hole on Lead coolant (6) corresponds, and each circular hole can accommodate the second enrichment fuel assembly (5), often enclose circular hole respectively It is distributed centered on the cold target area of lead (1) in symmetrical expression.
- A kind of 6. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 1 core structure, it is characterised in that:On the bottom reflecting layer (7) Two cold safety rods of lead (14) and two cold regulating rods of lead (13), two cold safety rods of lead (14) and two lead cool tone sections are installed Rod (13) is respectively that the center of circle is along the circumferential direction distributed in symmetrical expression with the cold target area of lead (1).
- A kind of 7. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 1 core structure, it is characterised in that:On the bottom reflecting layer (7) Eight aluminium guide pipes (15) are installed, eight aluminium guide pipes (15) are that the center of circle is in along the circumferential direction symmetrical expression with the cold target area of lead (1) Distribution.
- A kind of 8. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 6 core structure, it is characterised in that:The cold regulating rod of lead (13) it is cylinder, the cold regulating rod of lead (13) includes regulating rod stainless steel cladding, regulating rod Cd uptake body and regulating rod not Become rusty steel back cover.
- A kind of 9. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 6 core structure, it is characterised in that:The cold safety rod of lead (14) safety rod cadmium involucrum, safety rod cadmium back cover, safety rod polyethylene and carbon are included for cylinder, the cold safety rod of lead (14) Change boron absorber.
- A kind of 10. lead bismuth heap ADS according to claim 7 core structure, it is characterised in that:The aluminium guide pipe (15) For cylinder type.
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CN107195334B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2023-08-01 | 清华大学天津高端装备研究院 | Accelerator driven subcritical gas cooled reactor |
CN107945887B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-10-01 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | A kind of integrated small molten salt reactor |
CN109712724B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-09-28 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Double-reactor-core zero-power device |
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