CN106373621A - Reactor core structure of lead-bismuth reactor ADS - Google Patents
Reactor core structure of lead-bismuth reactor ADS Download PDFInfo
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- CN106373621A CN106373621A CN201610999874.1A CN201610999874A CN106373621A CN 106373621 A CN106373621 A CN 106373621A CN 201610999874 A CN201610999874 A CN 201610999874A CN 106373621 A CN106373621 A CN 106373621A
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- lead
- cold
- target area
- core structure
- cold target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
- G21C3/06—Casings; Jackets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a reactor core structure of a lead-bismuth reactor ADS. The reactor core structure of the lead-bismuth reactor ADS comprises a lead cold target region. The lead cold target region is of a cylindrical cavity structure, and top beryllium reflective layers are arranged on the upper portion of the outside of the lead cold target region and surround the lead cold target region. Lead coolants are arranged at the lower portion of the outside of the lead cold target region and surround the lead cold target region. The upper surface of each lead coolant is in contact with the lower surface of the top beryllium reflective layers, polyethylene side reflective layers surround the outside of the lead coolants and the outside of the top beryllium reflective layers respectively, and a bottom reflection layer surrounds the outside of polyethylene side reflective layers. The reactor core structure of the lead-bismuth reactor ADS can effectively solve the problems brought by complexity of reactor core design, such as poor reliability and poor safety, and improves the efficiency of an ADS reactor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear equipment technical field, especially relate to a kind of heap of the lead bismuth heap ads for spentnuclear fuel process
Cored structure.
Background technology
Ads is Accelerator Driven Subcritical clean nuclear power system, and the core structure of lead bismuth heap ads is used for realizing proton beam
Bombardment heavy metal spallation target, causes spallation reaction, provides outer source neutron to drive the nuclear reaction in reactor for sub-critical reactor, from
And realize the functions such as nuke rubbish transmuting.The reactor core that reactor uses requires reliability high good, at present in lead bismuth heap ads with safety
Core Design in, exist that design is complicated, bulky, manufacture difficulty is big, the problems such as less economical.It is thus desirable to design
Plant reactor core and solve posed problems above.
Content of the invention
In view of this, it is contemplated that proposing a kind of core structure of lead bismuth heap ads, set due to reactor core with efficiently solving
The problems such as complicated reliability brought of meter and poor stability, improve the efficiency of ads reactor.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that and be achieved in that:
A kind of core structure of lead bismuth heap ads, comprising:
The cold target area of lead, the cold target area of described lead is cylindrical cavity structure, the outer upper of the cold target area of described lead and around lead
Cold target area is provided with top beryllium reflector, the outer lower portion of the cold target area of described lead and be provided with Lead coolant around the cold target area of lead, described
The upper surface of Lead coolant is contacted with the lower surface of top beryllium reflector, described Lead coolant and described top beryllium reflector outer
Side is surrounded with polyethylene side reflecting layer respectively, and described polyethylene side reflecting layer has wrapped around bottom reflecting layer;
It is provided with multiple first enrichment fuel assemblies, described polyethylene side reflector region in the beryllium reflector region of described top
It is provided with multiple second enrichment fuel assemblies, the bottom in described Lead coolant and polyethylene side reflecting layer is provided with active region bottom in domain
Plate, described active region base plate has the corresponding hole in target area cold with lead and first and second enrichment fuel assembly position, the cold target of lead
The lower end of area and first and second enrichment fuel assembly is respectively embedded on hole corresponding thereto;
The lower section of described active region base plate be sequentially provided with from inside to outside graphite movable block, graphite movable block involucrum, in bottom
Cardiolith ink and support ring seat.
Further, described lead cold target area top is provided with top cover, and the bottom of the cold target area of described lead is provided with rustless steel pad
Block.
Further, described first enrichment fuel assembly is 90% enrichment fuel assembly, described second enrichment combustion
Material assembly is 20% enrichment fuel assembly, and described first enrichment fuel assembly and described second enrichment fuel assembly are
Cylindrical.
Further, described top beryllium reflector and the Lead coolant corresponding with top beryllium reflector have four
Circle circular hole, and top beryllium reflector and corresponding with the circular hole position on Lead coolant, each circular hole can accommodate first respectively
Enrichment fuel assembly, often circle circular hole symmetrically formula distribution all centered on the cold target area of lead.
Further, described polyethylene reflecting layer is the cylinder type that inner side is provided with step, and outside polyethylene side reflects
Have three circle circular holes on layer, inner side polyethylene side reflecting layer and Lead coolant corresponding thereto have eight circle circular holes,
And the circular hole on polyethylene side reflecting layer and Lead coolant corresponds, each circular hole can accommodate the second enrichment fuel stack respectively
Part, often circle circular hole symmetrically formula distribution all centered on the cold target area of lead.
Further, described bottom reflecting layer is provided with the cold safety rod of two lead and the cold regulating rod of two lead, two lead are cold
Safety rod and the cold regulating rod of two lead are respectively with the cold target area of lead for the center of circle along the circumferential direction symmetrically formula distribution.
Further, described bottom reflecting layer is provided with eight aluminum guide pipes, eight aluminum guide pipes are with the cold target area of lead as circle
The heart along the circumferential direction symmetrically formula distribution.
Further, the cold regulating rod of described lead is cylinder, and the cold regulating rod of described lead includes regulating rod rustless steel and peels off, adjusts
The excellent Cd uptake body of section and regulating rod rustless steel back cover.
Further, the cold safety rod of described lead is cylinder, and the cold safety rod of described lead includes safety rod cadmium involucrum, safety rod
Cadmium back cover, safety rod polyethylene and boron carbide absorber.
Further, described aluminum guide pipe is cylinder type.
With respect to prior art, a kind of core structure of lead bismuth heap ads of the present invention has the advantage that
A kind of safe and reliable lead bismuth heap ads reactor core of the present invention, can efficiently solve due to Core Design again
The problems such as miscellaneous reliability brought and poor stability, improve the efficiency of ads reactor, meet normal reactor operation simultaneously
And on the premise of safety, effectively improving economy, the present invention improves efficiency and the safety of lead bismuth ads reactor core.
Brief description
The accompanying drawing constituting the part of the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, the schematic reality of the present invention
Apply example and its illustrate, for explaining the present invention, not constituting inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the reactor core overall structure diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the core structure sectional view described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the core structure top view described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the enrichment fuel assembly location arrangements schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
The cold target area of 1- lead;101- top cover;102- cushion block;2- top beryllium reflector;3- polyethylene side reflecting layer;4- first is rich
Intensity fuel assembly;5- the second enrichment fuel assembly;6- Lead coolant;7- bottom reflecting layer;8- active region base plate;9- graphite is lived
Motion block;10- graphite movable block involucrum;11- supports ring seat;12- bottom graphite center;The cold regulating rod of 13- lead;The cold safety of 14- lead
Rod;15- aluminum guide pipe.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, the embodiment in the present invention and the feature in embodiment can phases
Mutually combine.
In describing the invention it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal ", " horizontal ", " on ", D score,
The orientation of instruction such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outward " or position relationship are
Based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than instruction or dark
Show the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that right
The restriction of the present invention.Additionally, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or hint phase
To importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, the feature defining " first ", " second " etc. can
To express or to implicitly include one or more this feature.In describing the invention, unless otherwise stated, " multiple "
It is meant that two or more.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or is integrally connected;Can
To be to be mechanically connected or electrical connection;Can be to be joined directly together it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood by concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
To describe the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of core structure of lead bismuth heap ads, comprising:
The cold target area of lead 1, the cold target area 1 of described lead is cylindrical cavity structure, and described lead cold target area 1 top is provided with top cover
101, the bottom of the cold target area 1 of described lead is provided with rustless steel cushion block 102, the outer upper of the cold target area 1 of described lead and cold around lead
Target area 1 is provided with top beryllium reflector 2, the outer lower portion of the cold target area 1 of described lead and be provided with Lead coolant 6, institute around the cold target area of lead 1
The upper surface stating Lead coolant 6 is contacted with the lower surface of top beryllium reflector 2, and described Lead coolant 6 and described top beryllium reflect
The outside of layer 2 is surrounded with polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 respectively, and described polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 has wrapped around bottom reflecting layer 7;
It is provided with multiple first enrichment fuel assemblies 4, described polyethylene side reflecting layer in described top beryllium reflector 2 region
It is provided with multiple second enrichment fuel assemblies 5, described first enrichment fuel assembly 4 is 90% enrichment fuel stack in 3 regions
Part, described second enrichment fuel assembly 5 is 20% enrichment fuel assembly, described first enrichment fuel assembly 4 and described
Second enrichment fuel assembly 5 is cylinder, and the bottom in described Lead coolant 6 and polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 is provided with active region
Base plate 8, described active region base plate 8 has target area 1 cold with lead and first and second enrichment fuel assembly 4,5 positions corresponding
Hole, the lower end of the cold target area of lead and first and second enrichment fuel assembly 4,5 is respectively embedded on hole corresponding thereto;
The lower section of described active region base plate 8 is sequentially provided with graphite movable block 9, graphite movable block involucrum 10, bottom from inside to outside
Portion center graphite 12 and support ring seat 11.
As shown in figure 4, opening respectively on described top beryllium reflector 2 and the Lead coolant 6 corresponding with top beryllium reflector 2
There are four circle circular holes, and top beryllium reflector 2 and corresponding with the circular hole position on Lead coolant 6, each circular hole can hold respectively
Receive the first enrichment fuel assembly 4, often the symmetrically formula distribution all centered on the cold target area of lead 1 of circle circular hole;Described polyethylene reflection
Layer 3 is provided with the cylinder type of step for inner side, and outside polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 has three circle circular holes, inner side polyethylene side
Eight circle circular holes are had on reflecting layer 3 and Lead coolant corresponding thereto 6, and polyethylene side reflecting layer 3 and Lead coolant 6
On circular hole correspond, each circular hole can accommodate the second enrichment fuel assembly 5 respectively, and often circle circular hole is all with the cold target area of lead 1
Centered on symmetrically formula distribution.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, described bottom reflecting layer 7 is provided with the cold safety rod 14 of two lead and the cold regulating rod of two lead
13, the cold safety rod 14 of two lead and the cold regulating rod 13 of two lead are respectively with the cold target area of lead 1 for the center of circle along the circumferential direction symmetrically formula
Distribution, the cold regulating rod 13 of described lead is cylinder, and the cold regulating rod 13 of described lead includes that regulating rod rustless steel is peeled off, regulating rod cadmium is inhaled
Acceptor and regulating rod rustless steel back cover, the cold safety rod 14 of described lead is cylinder, and the cold safety rod 14 of described lead includes safety rod cadmium
Involucrum, safety rod cadmium back cover, safety rod polyethylene and boron carbide absorber;Eight aluminum guiding are provided with described bottom reflecting layer 7
Pipe 15, with the cold target area of lead 1 for the center of circle along the circumferential direction symmetrically formula distribution, described aluminum guide pipe 15 is circle to eight aluminum guide pipes 15
Cylindrical structure.
The work process of the present embodiment: the center Shi Qianleng target area 1 of core structure, the cold target area of lead 1 is located at reactor core center,
Its effect is to install spallation target, isolates spallation target and reactor coolant, the cold target area of lead 1 upper end perforate, conveniently installs and fixing
Spallation target, the cold target area of lead 1 of Lead coolant 6 critical experiment reactor core is designed as the cavity structure of cylindrical shape, the internal diameter of the cold target area of lead 1
Less, more it is beneficial to critical, when being tested, also require the cold target area of lead 1 can load some instrument and equipments such as neutron tube, run rabbit
System etc., the cold target area of lead 1 top is provided with top cover 101 to prevent object from falling into target area, due to Lead coolant 6 critical test reactor in-core
It is loaded with substantial amounts of lead and fuel assembly, lead to criticality accident to prevent the cold target area of lead 1 during unexpected generation from deforming, the cold target of lead
The rustless steel cushion block 102 that area 1 bottom increased, to ensure the integrity of target area entirety.
Lead cold dome core belongs to fast reactor, is difficult to critical compared with water-cooled reactor core, and in order to meet requirement of experiment, the design in reflecting layer is very
Important, correctly choose reflector material, size and arrangement, the requirement meeting neutron energy spectrum can also reach critical state,
Due to the beryllium reflecting effect good to neutron and weak absorbing, metallic beryllium is best reflecting material, finds through calculating, equally
Reflecting effect, the reflector thickness required for beryllium is only the 1/8 about of graphite, but the price of beryllium is very expensive, and has
There is certain toxicity it is impossible to a large amount of use, therefore in the upper end of the first enrichment fuel assembly 4, can be with filler metal beryllium block
As reflecting layer, beryllium block is filled in whole fuel assembly upper end, between the first enrichment fuel assembly 4, also does upper reflection with beryllium
Layer material, collectively forms top beryllium reflector 2;Then upper reflection is done with the polyethylene of easy processing between the second enrichment fuel assembly 5
Layer material, constitutes polyethylene side reflecting layer 3, and such compound mode both can play the effect of reflected neutron, again will not be excessive
Ground degraded neutron, can also save material cost.
The arrangement of the first enrichment fuel assembly 4 and the second enrichment fuel assembly 5 in contrast to square arrangement or
Hexagon is arranged, and the fuel assembly arrangement mode of concentric circular can arrange more fuel stack under conditions of similar face is amassed
Part, advantageously reduces leakage, and in this arrangement mode, is all centrosymmetric for the fuel assembly in a certain circle, this
Experiment measurement a little will be very beneficial for, as long as measuring a certain excellent data it is possible to represent the result of this circle rod, institute
So that, in the design of this core structure, the arrangement mode of the fuel assembly of use is concentric circular arrangement.
In this Core Design, bottom reflecting layer 7 is graphite material, and center opens circular hole, and structure also has the cold safety of two lead
Excellent 14 perforates, two lead cold regulating rod 13 perforates and the perforate of 8 aluminum guide pipes 15, top beryllium reflector 2 is cylinder, beryllium material
Material, center is opened circular hole, plate is had 4 circle circular holes, and circular hole position is identical with the position of fuel assembly.The cold safety rod of lead 14 is cylinder
Shape, the cold safety rod of lead 14 is made up of safety rod cadmium involucrum, safety rod cadmium back cover, safety rod polyethylene, boron carbide absorber;Aluminum is led
It is columnar structured to pipe 15;First enrichment fuel assembly 4 is cylinder, and the first enrichment fuel assembly 4 is by stainless ladle
Back cover, spring, metallic uranium, beryllium composition on back cover under shell, rustless steel, rustless steel;Second enrichment fuel assembly 5 is cylinder,
Second enrichment fuel assembly 5 is by underseal mouth, sleeve pipe, aluminum jacket back cover, aluminum jacket sleeve pipe, polyethylene blocks, fuel slug, upper sealing
Composition;The cold regulating rod of lead 13 is cylinder, and the cold regulating rod of lead 13 is by regulating rod stainless steel cladding, regulating rod every absorber, regulation
Excellent rustless steel back cover composition.
Lead coolant 6 is piled up by lead, and the overall dimensions of accumulation are columnar structured, and centre has 12 circle circular holes,
The position in hole corresponds to the position of fuel assembly;The graphite movable block 9 of bottom is located at immediately below core structure, arranges thereunder
There is graphite block drive mechanism, its function is to drive bottom graphite movable block 9, adopts motor action drives during normal work,
Power-off in the case of having an accident, magnechuck disengages, and so that bottom graphite movable block 9 is hurtled down;Active region base plate 8 is a circle
Shape plate, plate has 15 circle circular holes, and circular hole is enclosed in inner side 4, and aperture is bigger, and circular hole position is identical with the position of fuel assembly, outside
11 circle circular holes, aperture is smaller, and circular hole position is identical with the position of fuel assembly.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of core structure of lead bismuth heap ads is it is characterised in that include:
The cold target area of lead (1), the cold target area (1) of described lead is cylindrical cavity structure, the outer upper of the cold target area (1) of described lead and ring
It is provided with top beryllium reflector (2) around the cold target area of lead (1), the outer lower portion of the cold target area (1) of described lead and setting around the cold target area of lead (1)
There is Lead coolant (6), the upper surface of described Lead coolant (6) is contacted with the lower surface of top beryllium reflector (2), described lead cooling
The outside at agent (6) and described top beryllium reflector (2) is surrounded with polyethylene side reflecting layer (3), described polyethylene side reflection respectively
Layer (3) has wrapped around bottom reflecting layer (7);
It is provided with multiple first enrichment fuel assemblies (4), described polyethylene side reflecting layer in beryllium reflector (2) region of described top
(3) it is provided with multiple second enrichment fuel assemblies (5), the bottom of described Lead coolant (6) and polyethylene side reflecting layer (3) in region
Portion is provided with active region base plate (8), and described active region base plate (8) has cold target area (1) and first and second enrichment fuel stack with lead
The corresponding hole in part (4), (5) position, the cold target area of lead and first and second enrichment fuel assembly (4), the lower end of (5) are respectively embedded into
To on hole corresponding thereto;
The lower section of described active region base plate (8) be sequentially provided with from inside to outside graphite movable block (9), graphite movable block involucrum (10),
Bottom centre's graphite (12) and support ring seat (11).
2. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 1 core structure it is characterised in that: described lead cold target area (1) top
Portion is provided with top cover (101), and the bottom of the cold target area (1) of described lead is provided with rustless steel cushion block (102).
3. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 1 core structure it is characterised in that: described first enrichment combustion
Material assembly (4) is 90% enrichment fuel assembly, and described second enrichment fuel assembly (5) is 20% enrichment fuel assembly,
Described first enrichment fuel assembly (4) and described second enrichment fuel assembly (5) are cylinder.
4. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 1 core structure it is characterised in that: described top beryllium reflector
(2) and four circle circular holes are had on the Lead coolant (6) corresponding with top beryllium reflector (2), and top beryllium reflector (2)
And correspond with the circular hole position on Lead coolant (6), each circular hole can accommodate the first enrichment fuel assembly (4) respectively,
Often circle circular hole symmetrically formula distribution all centered on the cold target area of lead (1).
5. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 1 core structure it is characterised in that: described polyethylene reflecting layer
(3) it is the cylinder type that inner side is provided with step, outside polyethylene side reflecting layer (3) has three circle circular holes, inner side polyethylene
Have eight circle circular holes on lateral reflection layer (3) and Lead coolant (6) corresponding thereto, and polyethylene side reflecting layer (3) and
Circular hole on Lead coolant (6) corresponds, and each circular hole can accommodate the second enrichment fuel assembly (5) respectively, often encloses circular hole
Symmetrically formula distribution all centered on the cold target area of lead (1).
6. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 1 core structure it is characterised in that: on described bottom reflecting layer (7)
The cold safety rod (14) of two lead and the cold regulating rod (13) of two lead, two cold safety rods (14) of lead and two lead cool tone sections are installed
Excellent (13) are respectively with the cold target area of lead (1) for the center of circle along the circumferential direction symmetrically formula distribution.
7. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 1 core structure it is characterised in that: on described bottom reflecting layer (7)
Eight aluminum guide pipes (15) are installed, eight aluminum guide pipes (15) are with the cold target area of lead (1) for the center of circle along the circumferential direction symmetrically formula
Distribution.
8. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 6 core structure it is characterised in that: the cold regulating rod of described lead
(13) be cylinder, the cold regulating rod (13) of described lead include regulating rod rustless steel peel off, regulating rod Cd uptake body and regulating rod not
Rust steel back cover.
9. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 6 core structure it is characterised in that: the cold safety rod of described lead
(14) it is cylinder, the cold safety rod (14) of described lead includes safety rod cadmium involucrum, safety rod cadmium back cover, safety rod polyethylene and carbon
Change boron absorber.
10. a kind of lead bismuth heap ads according to claim 7 core structure it is characterised in that: described aluminum guide pipe (15)
For cylinder type.
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CN107945887A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-20 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | A kind of integrated small molten salt reactor |
CN109712724A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-03 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of double reactor core zero-power facilities |
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