CN106370624A - Experimental method and device for measuring liquid refractive index - Google Patents
Experimental method and device for measuring liquid refractive index Download PDFInfo
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- CN106370624A CN106370624A CN201610832558.5A CN201610832558A CN106370624A CN 106370624 A CN106370624 A CN 106370624A CN 201610832558 A CN201610832558 A CN 201610832558A CN 106370624 A CN106370624 A CN 106370624A
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- reflecting piece
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006101 laboratory sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
- G01N2201/061—Sources
- G01N2201/06113—Coherent sources; lasers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental method and device for measuring liquid refractive index. The device comprises a device body, a liquid storage box, a laser pen rack, a laser pen and a movable device, the device body comprises an inner groove and an outer groove which are parallel, the liquid storage box is a transparent box body arranged in the inner groove and can move along with two sides of the inner groove under the action of the movable device, the cross section of the liquid storage box is rectangular, a reflector is arranged at the center of the inner side of the rear wall of the box body along with the movable direction, the movable device is arranged outside the rear wall corresponding to the box body, the laser pen is fixed in the outer groove through the laser pen rack, a light emitting end of the laser pen faces one side of the reflector, and the height of the laser pen is as same as that of the center of the reflector. According to the experimental device, angle measurement is converted into distance measurement, and the experimental device is simple in structure, simple in measuring process and high in measuring accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical technical field, more particularly, to a kind of experimental technique of measurement liquid refractivity and device.
Background technology
In food, chemical industry, the industry such as medicine, the concentration of frequent liquid to be detected, the folding of most liquid in production process
Penetrate rate and concentration has certain relation.Liquid refractivity is commonly used the instruments such as Abbe refractometer, spectrometer and is measured.Although Abbe
Refractometer high precision, but complex structure, cost are higher;Although spectrometer birefringence angular measurement is accurately, its debugging difficulty is big, because
This using there being certain limitation, especially in pharmaceuticals industry, for strength of fluid measurement precise requirements higher when, often reach
Less than requiring.The experimental technique that the present invention measures liquid refractivity is simple and direct, with low cost, degree of accuracy is high, has in the industrial production
Practical significance.
Angle of incidence in the law of refraction can accurately control in experimental implementation, but the refraction angle being intended to accurately measure liquid has
Certain difficulty, and the measurement at refraction angle is very crucial for seeking refractive index.The present invention converts the measurement of angle for length
Measurement, solve the problems, such as the measurement at refraction angle well.
Content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of measurement experimental technique of liquid refractivity and device, by experimental provision by angular surveying
It is converted into range measurement, and experimental provision structure is simple, measurement process is simple and direct, measuring accuracy is high.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following technical solutions realization:
A kind of experimental technique of measurement liquid refractivity, comprises the steps:
1) carry out the measurement of liquid refractivity using special experimental provision, experimental provision sets liquid carrying case, laser pen
Frame and laser pen, liquid carrying case is the transparent cartridge of rectangle for cross section, for containing testing liquid;Liquid carrying case peripheral hardware
There is mobile device, mobile device can drive liquid carrying case to move linearly;Liquid carrying case box body corresponding installation mobile device
Rear wall medial center position is provided with reflecting piece, and laser penholder is used for fixed laser pen, laser pen and the high settings such as reflecting piece center;
2), when measuring, laser pen is fixed on the liquid adjacent with being provided with reflecting piece box body rear wall by laser penholder and contains
Box side;First it is not injected into liquid in liquid carrying case;Make the light of laser pen incident with 45° angle from this side box side wall, and beat
In the good point midway of the prior labelling of reflecting piece, according to reflection law, the angle of emergence of light is also 45 °;
3) add testing liquid into liquid carrying case, and make testing liquid top surface not have reflecting piece;Now, due to laser
There is deviation in the incident ray of pen in testing liquid, its refraction point in reflecting piece deviate from the point midway of reflecting piece;
The position of liquid carrying case is adjusted so as to move forward and backward by mobile device, until the incident ray of laser pen is got to instead again
The point midway of mating plate;The distance of recording liquid carrying case movement, the certainty of measurement of displacement is 0.001cm;
4) length of side being provided with the liquid carrying case of reflecting piece side is a, and the distance of liquid carrying case movement is x, to be measured
The refraction angle of liquid is θ, and the refractive index of testing liquid is n, can derive:
And because: sin45 °=nsin θ
So, the refractive index of testing liquid is:
5) analysis of experimental data;
A) calculating of percent error;
The liquid refractivity being recorded using the very high Abbe refractometer of accuracy rate, and as calibration value, it is designated as n ';With
This experimental program is compared, and obtains percent error and is;
B) calculating of uncertainty;
Because a class uncertainty that incidental error produces is:
Because the b class uncertainty that systematic error produces is negligible;
Obtaining standard uncertainty by the Transfer Formula of uncertainty is:
6) refractive index that finally can obtain testing liquid is:WhereinFor refraction that experiment record is repeated several times
Rate meansigma methodss.
For a kind of experimental provision of measurement liquid refractivity of methods described, including device body, liquid carrying case, swash
Light penholder, laser pen and mobile device;Described device body is made up of the inside groove being set up in parallel and water jacket, and liquid carrying case is arranged
In inside groove, and can move in mobile device effect lower edge inside groove both sides cell wall;Liquid carrying case is the saturating of rectangle for cross section
Bright box body, the medial center position along the box body rear wall of moving direction is provided with reflecting piece, and corresponding box side wall is externally provided with mobile dress
Put;Laser pen is fixed in water jacket by laser penholder, laser pen light transmitting terminal towards reflecting piece side, laser pen with reflective
The high settings such as piece center.
Described mobile device is made up of screw rod and handle, and screw rod one end is passed inside groove cell wall and is fixedly connected with handle, another
End holds out against outside liquid carrying case box body.
Described mobile device handle is provided with pointer, is provided with graduated disc outside corresponding inside groove cell wall.
Described device body and liquid carrying case are all made using transparent acrylic material.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) angular surveying can be converted into by range measurement by experimental provision, and certainty of measurement is high;
2) precision of measurement liquid refractivity can be effectively improved by the increase of liquid carrying case size;
3) experimental provision structure is simple, low manufacture cost, and easy to operate, measurement process is simple and direct.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the experimental provision of measurement liquid refractivity of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the experimental technique of measurement liquid refractivity of the present invention.
In figure: 1. inside groove 2. water jacket 3. liquid carrying case 4. reflecting piece 5. laser penholder, 6. laser pen 7. screw rod
8. handle 9. graduated disc
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further:
A kind of experimental technique of measurement liquid refractivity of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) carry out the measurement of liquid refractivity using special experimental provision, experimental provision sets liquid carrying case 3, laser pen
Frame 5 and laser pen 6, liquid carrying case 3 is the transparent cartridge of rectangle for cross section, for containing testing liquid;Liquid carrying case 3
It is externally provided with mobile device, mobile device can drive liquid carrying case 3 to move linearly;The corresponding installation of liquid carrying case 3 box body is moved
The rear wall medial center position of device is provided with reflecting piece 4, and laser penholder 5 is used for fixed laser pen 6, in laser pen 6 and reflecting piece 4
The high settings such as the heart;
2), when measuring, laser pen 6 is fixed on the liquid adjacent with being provided with reflecting piece 4 box body rear wall by laser penholder 5
Carrying case 3 side;First it is not injected into liquid in liquid carrying case 3;The light of laser pen 6 is allowed to enter with 45° angle from this side box side wall
Penetrate, and beat in the good point midway of the prior labelling of reflecting piece 4, according to reflection law, the angle of emergence of light is also 45 °;
3) add testing liquid into liquid carrying case 3, and make testing liquid top surface not have reflecting piece 4;Now, due to swashing
There is deviation in the incident ray of light pen 6 in testing liquid, its refraction point in reflecting piece 4 deviate from the midpoint of reflecting piece 4
Position;The position of liquid carrying case 3 is adjusted by mobile device so as to movable, until laser pen 6 incident ray again
Get to the point midway of reflecting piece 4;The distance of recording liquid carrying case 3 movement, the certainty of measurement of displacement is 0.001cm;
4) length of side being provided with the liquid carrying case 3 of reflecting piece 4 side is a, and the distance of liquid carrying case 3 movement is x, treats
The refraction angle surveying liquid is θ, and the refractive index of testing liquid is n, can derive:
And because: sin45 °=nsin θ
So, the refractive index of testing liquid is:
5) analysis of experimental data;
A) calculating of percent error;
The liquid refractivity being recorded using the very high Abbe refractometer of accuracy rate, and as calibration value, it is designated as n ';With
This experimental program is compared, and obtains percent error and is;
B) calculating of uncertainty;
Because a class uncertainty that incidental error produces is:
Because the b class uncertainty that systematic error produces is negligible;
Obtaining standard uncertainty by the Transfer Formula of uncertainty is:
6) refractive index that finally can obtain testing liquid is:WhereinFor refraction that experiment record is repeated several times
Rate meansigma methodss.
For a kind of experimental provision of measurement liquid refractivity of methods described, including device body, liquid carrying case 3,
Laser penholder 5, laser pen 6 and mobile device;Described device body is made up of the inside groove 1 being set up in parallel and water jacket 2, and liquid contains
Box 3 is arranged in inside groove 1, and can move in mobile device effect lower edge inside groove 1 both sides cell wall;Liquid carrying case 3 is cross section
For the transparent cartridge of rectangle, the medial center position along the box body rear wall of moving direction is provided with reflecting piece 4, outside corresponding box side wall
It is provided with mobile device;Laser pen 6 is fixed in water jacket 2 by laser penholder 5, and laser pen 6 light transmitting terminal is towards reflecting piece 4 one
Side, laser pen 6 and the high settings such as reflecting piece 4 center.
Described mobile device is made up of screw rod 7 and handle 8, and screw rod 7 one end is passed inside groove 1 cell wall and is fixedly connected with handle 8,
The other end holds out against outside liquid carrying case 3 box body.
Described mobile device handle 8 is provided with pointer, is provided with graduated disc 9 outside corresponding inside groove 1 cell wall.
Described device body and liquid carrying case 3 are all made using transparent acrylic material.
Following examples are implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and tool
The operating process of body, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.In following embodiments, method therefor is such as no special
Do not mentionlet alone and bright be conventional method.
[embodiment]
A kind of principle of the experimental technique of measurement liquid refractivity of the present invention is based on the law of refraction and reflection law.
In normal experiment operation, the angle of incidence in the law of refraction can accurately control, but the refraction angle being intended to accurately measure liquid has one
Fixed difficulty, and the measurement at refraction angle is very crucial for seeking refractive index.The present invention is converted into distance survey using angular surveying
The method of amount, makes the measurement at refraction angle become simple, accurately.
As shown in Fig. 2 according to the design principle of the present invention, containing it would be desirable to record liquid for a certain testing liquid
Displacement x of box 3.For making experimental data more accurate, each testing liquid is multiple by repeated measurement, by the multigroup number obtaining
According to averagingThen sin θ is obtained according to measured value, finally obtain liquid refractivity n.
First, the natural conditions of laboratory: 24 DEG C of humidity of temperature 72% air pressure 100.4kpa.
2nd, experimental procedure:
1) assemble experimental provision;Liquid carrying case 3 adopts the transparent acrylic material that cross section is rectangle to make, and minor face
The length of side is more than the 1/2 of length of long sides.Reflecting piece 4 is arranged on long side.
2) do not put testing liquid in liquid carrying case 3 first, make the incident ray of laser pen 6 incident with 45° angle, and beat
On the good point midway of the prior labelling of reflecting piece 4;
3) pour appropriate testing liquid into so as to top surface did not had reflecting piece 4 toward in liquid carrying case 3, due to liquid refracting
The presence at angle, the refraction point in reflecting piece 4 deviate from point midway;
4) position of light source is motionless, rotary screw 7, promotes liquid carrying case 3 mobile, until light is beaten again in reflecting piece
At the point midway of 4 labellings;The number of turns of record screw rod 7 precession, and it is converted into displacement x of liquid carrying case 3;
5) repeat 2) -4) and experimental procedure, obtain 5 groups of data.
3rd, experimental data is as shown in table 1;
Table 1 liquid carrying case displacement x and meansigma methodss
4th, analysis of experimental data
In the present embodiment, because the certainty of measurement of liquid carrying case 3 displacement is 0.001cm, liquid carrying case 3 is provided with
Length of side a of reflecting piece 4 side is sufficiently large, and liquid carrying case 3 makes finely, and n differs very little with calibration value n ', so carrying out
During uncertainty calculation, b class uncertainty is ignored.
According to experimental data, obtain the error of laboratory sample refractive index as shown in table 2 and result;
The analysis of table 2 experimental error and result
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technology according to the present invention scheme and its
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of experimental technique of measurement liquid refractivity is it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) carry out the measurement of liquid refractivity using special experimental provision, experimental provision set liquid carrying case, laser penholder and
Laser pen, liquid carrying case is the transparent cartridge of rectangle for cross section, for containing testing liquid;Liquid carrying case is externally provided with shifting
Dynamic device, mobile device can drive liquid carrying case to move linearly;The corresponding rear wall installing mobile device of liquid carrying case box body
Medial center position is provided with reflecting piece, and laser penholder is used for fixed laser pen, laser pen and the high settings such as reflecting piece center;
2), when measuring, laser pen is fixed on the liquid carrying case one adjacent with being provided with reflecting piece box body rear wall by laser penholder
Side;First it is not injected into liquid in liquid carrying case;Make the light of laser pen incident with 45° angle from this side box side wall, and beat anti-
The good point midway of the prior labelling of mating plate, according to reflection law, the angle of emergence of light is also 45 °;
3) add testing liquid into liquid carrying case, and make testing liquid top surface not have reflecting piece;Now, due to laser pen
There is deviation in incident ray in testing liquid, its refraction point in reflecting piece deviate from the point midway of reflecting piece;Pass through
Mobile device adjusts the position of liquid carrying case so as to move forward and backward, until the incident ray of laser pen gets to reflecting piece again
Point midway;The distance of recording liquid carrying case movement, the certainty of measurement of displacement is 0.001cm;
4) length of side being provided with the liquid carrying case of reflecting piece side is a, and the distance of liquid carrying case movement is x, testing liquid
Refraction angle be θ, the refractive index of testing liquid is n, can derive:
And because: sin45 °=nsin θ
So, the refractive index of testing liquid is:
5) analysis of experimental data;
A) calculating of percent error;
The liquid refractivity being recorded using the very high Abbe refractometer of accuracy rate, and as calibration value, it is designated as n ';Real with this
Proved recipe case is compared, and obtains percent error and is;
B) calculating of uncertainty;
Because a class uncertainty that incidental error produces is:
Because the b class uncertainty that systematic error produces is negligible;
Obtaining standard uncertainty by the Transfer Formula of uncertainty is:
6) refractive index that finally can obtain testing liquid is:WhereinThe refractive index recording for experiment is repeated several times is put down
Average.
2. it is used for a kind of experimental provision of measurement liquid refractivity of claim 1 methods described it is characterised in that including device
Body, liquid carrying case, laser penholder, laser pen and mobile device;Described device body is by the inside groove being set up in parallel and water jacket
Composition, liquid carrying case is arranged in inside groove, and can move in mobile device effect lower edge inside groove both sides cell wall;Liquid carrying case
For cross section for rectangle transparent cartridge, the medial center position along the box body rear wall of moving direction is provided with reflecting piece, corresponding box
Body sidewall is externally provided with mobile device;Laser pen is fixed in water jacket by laser penholder, and laser pen light transmitting terminal is towards reflective
Piece side, laser pen and the high settings such as reflecting piece center.
3. a kind of experimental provision of measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described mobile device
It is made up of screw rod and handle, screw rod one end is passed inside groove cell wall and is fixedly connected with handle, the other end holds out against in liquid carrying case box
External side.
4. a kind of experimental provision of measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described mobile device
Handle is provided with pointer, is provided with graduated disc outside corresponding inside groove cell wall.
5. a kind of experimental provision of measurement liquid refractivity according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described device body
And liquid carrying case is all made using transparent acrylic material.
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CN201610832558.5A CN106370624B (en) | 2016-09-20 | 2016-09-20 | Experimental method and device for measuring refractive index of liquid |
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CN201610832558.5A CN106370624B (en) | 2016-09-20 | 2016-09-20 | Experimental method and device for measuring refractive index of liquid |
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CN106370624A true CN106370624A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
CN106370624B CN106370624B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108478044A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-04 | 莆田市烛火信息技术有限公司 | A kind of brine for kitchen use, syrup concentration regulate and control Intelligent water cup |
CN109781591A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 淄博澳谱仪器有限公司 | A kind of measurement method and measuring device of sample refractive index |
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CN102830091A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-19 | 江南大学 | Method for measuring liquid refractive index through method of angle of minimum deviation |
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CN108478044A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-04 | 莆田市烛火信息技术有限公司 | A kind of brine for kitchen use, syrup concentration regulate and control Intelligent water cup |
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CN109781591A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 淄博澳谱仪器有限公司 | A kind of measurement method and measuring device of sample refractive index |
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