CN106368156A - Intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for urban roads - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for urban roads. The intelligent water spraying and dust removing system comprises water spraying devices, a control module, and air quality monitoring modules for monitoring air quality parameters, wherein each of the water spraying devices comprises a nozzle, a water pipe and a driving module for controlling the nozzle to open, close and rotate; each of the nozzles is arranged on a lamp rod of a corresponding illumination road lamp, and is connected with the corresponding water pipe; and the driving modules are connected with the control module. According to the intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for the urban roads disclosed by the invention, each of the water sprinkling nozzles is mounted on the lamp rod of the corresponding road lamp, and is controlled to perform rotating water spraying operation in a specific manner, so that the intelligent water spraying and dust removing system can be used for removing dust, purifying air, irrigating tree lawns and performing emergency fire hazard rescue, and can be used as a manner of reducing temperature in a high-temperature weather in summer; and through the adoption of the intelligent water spraying and dust removing system disclosed by the invention, the water sprinkling efficiency can be effectively improved, and the water resources are saved.

Description

Intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for urban roads

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of urban traffic management, in particular to an intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for urban roads.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the economic level of China, the footage of urbanization construction is accelerated year by year, and urban roads are more and more, however, in urban roads, especially in arid and rainless areas, due to the passing of vehicles, dust on the ground is driven by wind power and other forces to fly upwards and enter the atmosphere, so that open pollution is caused, the urban roads are an important component of total suspended particulate matters in the ambient air, and the health and the travel of residents and road users are seriously influenced.

At present, a common method for reducing dust emission is to spray water by using a sprinkler. However, the conventional watering cart has many disadvantages, such as slow running speed of the watering cart, large difference with the speed of the urban road car, conflict with the principles of running and controlling the urban traffic flow, serious obstruction to the traffic, potential safety hazard, and reduction of road traffic capacity. And the high pressure and the spraying speed of the water gun of the sprinkler also bring inconvenience and potential safety hazard for pedestrians. And the mode flexibility that adopts the watering lorry is poor, it is consuming time with work many to dispatch, not only water resource is wasted, and other energy such as fuel have also been wasted, all caused the waste of different degrees to manpower resources and material resources, and the effect is relatively poor, can not as required, control anytime and anywhere, the fast rhythm that more and more can't adapt to people's modern life, consequently, need a new urban road raise dust treatment means urgently, can energy-conserving manpower and materials, and can carry out intelligent control, mention the treatment effect of raise dust.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for urban roads, so as to overcome the above technical problems.

The invention provides an intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for urban roads, which comprises a water spraying device, a control module and an air quality monitoring module for monitoring air quality parameters, wherein the input end of the water spraying device is connected with the output end of the control module, and the output end of the air quality monitoring module is connected with the input end of the control module;

the water spraying device comprises a spray head, a water pipe and a driving module used for controlling the spray head to be opened, closed and rotated, the spray head is arranged on a lamp post of the lighting street lamp and is connected with the water pipe, and the driving module is connected with the control module.

Further, the air quality monitoring module is arranged on a lamp post of the lighting street lamp, and the air quality parameters comprise SO₂、NO₂、PM₁₀、PM_2.5And the concentration of airborne dust.

Further, the control module at least comprises a spray head control unit, a water spraying amount control unit and a comparator,

the spray head control unit is used for calculating the optimal water spraying speed and the rotation speed of the spray head, controlling the spray head to rotate at a constant speed along the horizontal direction and simultaneously vertically rotate to ensure that the water spraying area is rectangular,

the sprinkling amount control unit is used for calculating the sprinkling amount for eliminating pollutants according to the collected air quality parameter information,

the comparator is used for setting an air quality parameter threshold, and when the acquired air quality parameter value exceeds the preset threshold, the control module controls the water spraying device to start.

And the air quality monitoring module is connected with the control module, and when the sprinkler is started, the air pollutant concentration monitored by the air quality monitoring module is still higher than a threshold value within a preset time, and then the alarm module is used for giving an alarm.

Further, the mobile terminal device comprises a cloud server and a mobile terminal device used for being carried by an attendant, the cloud server is connected with the control module, the mobile terminal device is in wireless connection with the cloud server, the alarm module sends the alarm information to the cloud server, the server matches the alarm information with the mobile terminal device, and the server sends the alarm information to the mobile terminal device corresponding to the attendant responsible for the area.

The water spraying device further comprises a timing module, wherein the timing module is connected with the control module and used for starting or closing the water spraying device at preset time.

The early warning module is connected with the control module and used for warning before the water spraying device starts to work.

Further, the device also comprises a manual control module for manually adjusting the water spraying parameters.

Further, the optimal water outlet speed is obtained by the following formula:

$V_0=\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{gR}}^2}{R+h-H}}$

wherein, V₀For the optimal water outlet speed, H is the arrangement height of the spray head, H is the height of the green belt, and R is the maximum acting radius.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for the urban road can be used for removing dust and purifying air, irrigating greenbelts, rescuing in emergency and reducing temperature in summer by controlling the water spraying nozzle to rotate in a specific mode, can effectively improve the water spraying efficiency and save water resources, is very important for reasonable and efficient utilization of water resources in arid areas, realizes real intellectualization compared with the traditional dust removing mode of a water spraying vehicle, realizes intelligent control and automatic water spraying of the road at any position covered by a pipe network at any time on the premise of not influencing the traffic capacity of the road, is suitable for planning the urban road and can also be implemented in the existing road.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples: fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the intelligent water spraying and dust removing system for urban roads comprises a water spraying device, a control module and an air quality monitoring module for monitoring air quality parameters, wherein the input end of the water spraying device is connected with the output end of the control module, and the output end of the air quality monitoring module is connected with the input end of the control module; the water spraying device comprises a spray head, a water pipe and a driving module used for controlling the spray head to be opened, closed and rotated, the spray head is arranged on a lamp post of the lighting street lamp and is connected with the water pipe, and the driving module is connected with the control module. In this embodiment, can install water jet equipment and detection device additional on current urban road construction's basis, also can plan the construction in unison when newly-built road infrastructure, realize that urban road lighting circuit lays water supply pipe network in parallel, combine together sprinkler system and street lighting.

In this embodiment, the air quality monitoring module is disposed on a lamp post of the lighting street lamp, and the air quality parameter includes SO₂、NO₂、PM₁₀、PM_2.5And the concentration of airborne dust. The control module at least comprises a spray head control unit, a water spraying amount control unit and a comparator, the control module further comprises a timing module, the timing module is connected with the control module and used for starting or closing the water spraying device at a preset time, the spray head control unit is used for calculating the optimal water spraying speed and the spray head rotating speed, the spray head is controlled to rotate vertically to enable the water spraying area to be rectangular while rotating at a constant speed along the horizontal direction, the water spraying amount control unit is used for calculating the water spraying amount for eliminating pollutants according to collected air quality parameter information, the comparator is used for setting an air quality parameter threshold, and when the collected air quality parameter value exceeds the preset threshold, the control module controls the water spraying device to start. The threshold value of this embodiment includes single threshold value and comprehensive threshold value, single threshold value is set for according to the concentration of each individual pollutant in the air, single threshold value is a plurality of, and when the concentration of arbitrary pollutant surpassed the value of single threshold value of presetting, automatic control watering shower nozzle worked. The urban air pollutants mainly comprise SO₂、NO₂、PM₁₀,PM_2.5And the dust is hydrophilic, and the suspended particles can be combined with water into heavier particles to be scattered on the ground to achieve the aim of removing dust, so that the concentration of urban pollutants can be reduced by sprinkling water. The concentration value of each pollutant is monitored and recorded as C_iSetting the concentration C of each individual pollutant_i0When C is present_iGreater than C_i0In time, the influence on the health of human bodies is large, and the control is needed, and the concentration C of each pollutant is controlled_i0Set up to single threshold value, when reaching this threshold value, open watering device automatically, sprinkle to reach the purpose of dust removal. In this embodiment, the comprehensive threshold is assigned weight to each pollutant hazard by expert method, and is based on the genusSex mathematics calculates urban pollution degree, divides urban air quality into k grades, and when air quality is lower than n grades, automatically starts watering device. And (3) evaluating the pollution degree of the urban pollutants by using a multi-index comprehensive threshold: let X be the object space, and its evaluation object X represent the air quality where a specific detection device is located, and F is the attribute space of the study object, which means the degree of influence of harm in this embodiment.

Let each element X in the object space X have m indices, denoted as I₁I₂,...,I_mI th element x_iJ (th) index I_jIs denoted as x_ijThen Xi can be expressed as a vector x_i＝(x_i1,x_i2,...,x_im)。

Then, a strong order of the attribute measure space F is divided into { C₁,C₂,...,C_kAnd knowing the classification criteria for each index, it is represented in matrix form as:

wherein, a_i1＜a_i2＜a_i3＜…＜a_i5，b_i1＜b_i2＜b_i3…＜b_i5.

Calculating the measured value X of a specific index i_iHaving an attribute of C_k(k-1, 2,3,4,5), i.e. the interval of measure of the attribute, i.e. the interval of the measure of the attribute

$\[u_{ik}\]=\[\underset{\‾}{u_{ik}},\stackrel{\‾}{u_{ik}}\]$

When x is_i<a_i1When it is takenu _i1 ＝1，u _i2 ＝...u _i5 ＝0；

When x is_i≤b_i1When it is taken

When x is_i≥a_i5When it is takenu _i5 ＝1,u _i1 ＝...u _i4 ＝0；

When x is_i≥b_i5When it is taken

When a is_il≤x_i≤a_i(l+1)When it is taken

(k<l or k>l+1)

When b is_il≤x_i≤b_i(l+1)When it is taken

(k<l or k>l+1)

In this embodiment, each index weight can be obtained by expert method, and index I_iIs given a weight of W_iIn obtaining each index I_iAfter the interval of the attribute measure of (2), the weight W of each index is used_iIs known, i.e. can calculateEach contaminant having an attribute of C_k(k ═ 1,2,3,4,5) attribute measure interval:

$\&lsqb;u_k\&rsqb;=\&lsqb;\underset{\&OverBar;}{u_k},\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{u_k}\&rsqb;$

wherein:

then, the attribute measurement interval is equalized to make the order

Then, the pollution degree of the pollutant can be judged according to the confidence criterion:

in the formula, according to modeling experience, lambda is 0.7, and k value obtained according to the steps is the pollution degree of the pollutants C_kThe class of the user is a generic class,the attribute measurement after the equalization processing.

It is preset to turn on the water spray device when the air quality is lower than class k.

The embodiment further comprises an alarm module, the alarm module is connected with the control module, and after the watering device is started, the air pollutant concentration monitored by the air quality monitoring module is still higher than a threshold value within a preset time, and then an alarm is given through the alarm module.

In this embodiment, still include cloud ware and the mobile terminal equipment that is used for the person on duty to carry, cloud ware and control module are connected, mobile terminal equipment and cloud ware wireless connection, alarm module send alarm information to cloud ware, and the server matches alarm information and mobile terminal equipment to send alarm information to the mobile terminal equipment who corresponds the person on duty who is responsible for this region. The implementation establishes an information base to store information of maintenance personnel, scheduling time and an IP number of each person carrying a mobile terminal, uploads the information to the cloud, can change and call information of the on-duty information base at any time, automatically extracts information of the cloud fault information base and the on-duty information base of the maintenance personnel after receiving an alarm, and transmits fault information of the sprinkler to the mobile terminal of the maintenance personnel on the current value through operation matching. The embodiment further comprises an early warning module, wherein the early warning module is connected with the control module and used for warning before the water spraying device starts to work, and the water spraying device can be used for predicting water spraying in advance by setting special music and other modes. This embodiment still includes the manual control module that is used for artifical regulation water spray parameter, when special needs, can carry out artifical regulation and set for water spray parameter.

In the embodiment, the urban road lighting street lamps are arranged symmetrically, alternately and in a mode that the middle part is provided with two sides. In order to ensure the effect of full coverage of road surface sprinkling, the effective action area of each street lamp pole sprinkling nozzle group is calculated. If the width of the urban road plate is D and the interval of the symmetrically arranged street lamps is S₁The interval of the street lamps arranged in a staggered way is S₂The effective action area of each street lamp pole sprinkler head group is the same as S:

S＝S₁·D/2

r when the street lamps are arranged in a symmetrical mode and a staggered mode₀Similarly, the formula is:

$R_0=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{S^2+D^2}$

assuming that the arrangement height H of the spray head and the height of the green belt are H, the included angle between the central line of the longitudinal effective range of the water flow and the horizontal line is α, and the water outlet speed V is₀And the maximum radius of action R₀The time of the water flow sprayed from the spray head is t

The falling point of the farthest point of the water jet is positioned at the highest h position of the plants in the green belt, so that the effects of removing dust and pollutants can be met, and the green belt can be irrigated. To meet this requirement, the relationship between the parameters is as follows: (assuming that the water jet is not resistive in air)

$H-h=V_0\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;t-\frac{1}{2}g\&CenterDot;t^2$

$V_0=\frac{R}{tcos\mathrm{\&alpha;}}$

Wherein H₀Is the height of the street lamp, H' is the height limit of the urban roadThe position of traffic participants in the vehicle is below H ', the water supply pressure needs to be increased along with the increase of the setting height of the spray nozzle, the higher the setting of the spray nozzle is from the viewpoint of energy, the more uneconomical the higher the setting of the spray nozzle is, therefore, the height of the spray nozzle is set at H, namely, II ' < II ')

The precision of the water spray of the spray head in the embodiment is not required to be very high, the lift is the largest when the α angle is 45 degrees, and since the H, R and α angles are known in practical problems, the V can be jointly calculated₀。

$V_0=\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{gR}}^2}{R+h-H}}$

In this example, the concentration of each pollutant and dust is C_iWhen it exceeds the respective threshold value C_i0Has a difference of Δ C_i0Assuming that the mass of water absorbed per unit volume of contaminant per unit concentration is K_iThe ideal total amount of water sprinkled is:

Q＝ΣS·H·ΔC_i0·K_i

the water loss of the spray head is determined by the test to be n%. The actual total amount of water sprinkled is

Q₀＝Q/〔1-n％)。

In this embodiment, through the rotation mode of the sprinkler head group of control on every street light pole, make its watering area be the rectangle, the rotation mode is for controlling sprinkler head group and when at the uniform velocity pivoted along the horizontal direction, carries out the vertical rotation. Since the cross repetition of water application is reduced when the water application area is square, the amount of water application can be saved compared with the arc-shaped water application, in this embodiment, the effective water application angle in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle is theta, and every time the nozzle is used for applying water, the effective water application angle is thetaOnly one part of the swing can be covered in the secondary left-right swinging process. Assuming that n regions are required to cover the entire effective active area, the speed of the head in rotating left and right, up and down is calculated, and the alternation time in line feed should be taken into consideration. If the whole coverage needs to be divided into n areas, the water outlet speed V is₀The water yield of the spray head in unit time is Q, and in order to ensure uniform sprinkling, the sprinkling cycle is set to m wheels, and then when the actual sprinkling total amount is Q₀When the water is sprayed, the water spraying amount of each wheel is Q₀/m.

Then in each turn of watering, in each zone, the amount of watering is:

Q′＝Q₀/(m·n)

the watering time of each area is equal, and is as follows:

$T=\frac{Q^{\&prime;}}{Q}=Q_0/(m\&CenterDot;n\&CenterDot;Q)$

the left-right rotation speed of the spray head during spraying water in the i area is calculated as follows:

${\mathrm{\&beta;}}_i=2\arctan \frac{s\&CenterDot;n}{D\&CenterDot;i}$

ω_i＝β_i/T

wherein,β_ithe nozzle rotates left and right for a certain angle when the nozzle sprays water in the area i, T is the rotation time, W_iIs the left-right rotation speed, S is the spacing distance between the lamp posts of the street lamp, namely S₁Or S₂。

In this embodiment, the object tilt equation:

$H-h=V_0\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;t-\frac{1}{2}g\&CenterDot;t^2$

R＝V₀cosα·t

get it solved

$t-\frac{V_0\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}+\sqrt{{\left(V^0\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\right)}^2+2gh}}{g}$

Can ask for

Meanwhile, as the spray head rotates left and right at a constant speed, the lift of the sprayed water is changed, and the calculation method of the lift variation equation is as follows:

$R\left(T\right)=\frac{i}{n}*\frac{D}{2}\sqrt{1+\tan (\frac{{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_i}{2}-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{i}T)}$

simultaneous equation obtaining

$\frac{{V_0}^2\sin 2\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2g}+\&lsqb;1+\sqrt{1+\frac{4gh}{{V_0}^3(1-\cos 2\mathrm{\&alpha;})}}\&rsqb;=\frac{i}{n}*\frac{D}{2}\sqrt{1+\tan (\frac{{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_i}{2}-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{i}T)}$

Thus, in the formula H, D, V₀β_iIf both are known, a function of α can be found.

Preferably, after the actual water yield calculated after spraying is finished, the air quality monitoring device checks the pollutant and the dust concentration, and if the safety concentration is reached, the spray head can be closed. If not, the watering is repeated. Under the condition that the watering device is started for n times continuously, the concentration of air pollutants monitored by the air quality monitoring module is still higher than a threshold value, under the condition that an extreme environment is eliminated, namely, the fault of the watering system at the position is estimated, and the quick response is carried out through the mobile terminal, the mobile terminal in the embodiment can adopt a smart phone or other mobile intelligent equipment, in the embodiment, the air quality detection device can be arranged on each street lamp pole, certainly, in order to save cost, the street lamps can be grouped according to regions, each group is provided with one air quality detection device to realize the coverage detection of the whole region, each detection device in the region is provided with an identity identification module to carry out unique identity identification and record position information, and when the fault occurs, the alarm information containing an identity identification code and specific position information can be transmitted to the mobile terminal, the efficiency of maintenance can be greatly improved.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an urban road intelligence water spray dust pelletizing system which characterized in that: the air quality monitoring system comprises a water spraying device, a control module and an air quality monitoring module for monitoring air quality parameters, wherein the input end of the water spraying device is connected with the output end of the control module, and the output end of the air quality monitoring module is connected with the input end of the control module;

the water spraying device comprises a spray head, a water pipe and a driving module used for controlling the spray head to be opened, closed and rotated, the spray head is arranged on a lamp post of the lighting street lamp and is connected with the water pipe, and the driving module is connected with the control module.

2. The urban road intelligent water spraying and dust removing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control module at least comprises a spray head control unit, a water spraying amount control unit and a comparator,

the spray head control unit is used for calculating the optimal water spraying speed and the rotation speed of the spray head, controlling the spray head to rotate at a constant speed along the horizontal direction and simultaneously vertically rotate to ensure that the water spraying area is rectangular,

the sprinkling amount control unit is used for calculating the sprinkling amount for eliminating pollutants according to the collected air quality parameter information,

the comparator is used for setting an air quality parameter threshold, and when the acquired air quality parameter value exceeds the preset threshold, the control module controls the water spraying device to start.

3. The urban road intelligent water spraying and dust removing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the automatic water sprinkling device is characterized by further comprising an alarm module, wherein the alarm module is connected with the control module, and when the water sprinkling device is started, the air pollutant concentration monitored by the air quality monitoring module is still higher than a threshold value within a preset time, and then the alarm module gives an alarm.

4. The urban road intelligent water spraying and dust removing system according to claim 3, wherein: the mobile terminal equipment is characterized by further comprising a cloud server and mobile terminal equipment used for being carried by the person on duty, the cloud server is connected with the control module, the mobile terminal equipment is in wireless connection with the cloud server, the alarm module sends alarm information to the cloud server, the server matches the alarm information with the mobile terminal equipment, and the server sends the alarm information to the mobile terminal equipment corresponding to the person on duty responsible for the area.

5. The urban road intelligent water spraying and dust removing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air quality monitoring module is arrangedIn the lamp post of the lighting street lamp, the air quality parameter comprises SO₂、NO₂、PM₁₀、PM_2.5And the concentration of airborne dust.

6. The urban road intelligent water spraying and dust removing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water spraying device further comprises a timing module, wherein the timing module is connected with the control module and used for starting or closing the water spraying device at preset time.

7. The urban road intelligent water spraying and dust removing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the early warning module is connected with the control module and used for warning before the water spraying device starts to work.

8. The urban road intelligent water spraying and dust removing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water spraying device also comprises a manual control module for manually adjusting water spraying parameters.

9. The urban road intelligent water spraying and dust removing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optimal water outlet speed is obtained by the following formula:

$V_0=\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{gR}}^2}{R+h-H}}$

wherein, V₀For the optimal water outlet speed, H is the arrangement height of the spray head, H is the height of the green belt, and R is the maximum acting radius.