CN106363041B - A kind of method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming - Google Patents
A kind of method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN106363041B CN106363041B CN201610865775.4A CN201610865775A CN106363041B CN 106363041 B CN106363041 B CN 106363041B CN 201610865775 A CN201610865775 A CN 201610865775A CN 106363041 B CN106363041 B CN 106363041B
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- reinforcing rib
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
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- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming, for the overall torsional deformation phenomenon occurred after lightweight structure plate laser forming, after using support device, the lightweight structure plate of overall torsional deformation is corrected, the deflection of the lightweight structure plate after correction is measured, measure the angle of bend of lightweight structure plate diverse location on scan line path, according to the deflection size cases at diverse location reinforcing rib position, the lightweight structure plate subsequent correction measure is determined.Using this kind of bearing calibration, to correct the lightweight structure plate for occurring overall torsional deformation phenomenon after laser forming, and then ensure the validity and yield rate that subsequently continue forming technology, improve lightweight structure plate laser forming of lightweight structure plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sheet fabrication field, and in particular to the side integrally distorted after a kind of correcting structure plate laser forming
Method.
Background technology
Sheet material forming technology using widely in the industry such as modern Aviation, space flight, ship, automobile, occupy by board
Ratio is very big, it is therefore desirable to and metal sheet forming technology is furtherd investigate, its compacting mechanism is grasped and improves forming accuracy,
To be preferably applied to practice；Many scholars have carried out relevant research in this respect, achieve many achievements in research.Laser
Sheet material forming technology is using laser beam irradiation sheet metal surface, and strong temperature ladder is produced in sheet metal thickness direction
Degree, induces uneven thermal stress, and then produces Moment in plate in plate cross-section, while plate heating region produces
Plastic deformation, the most technology of sheet material bending and forming at last.
Compared with the sheet material forming technologies such as traditional plate mechanical molding, age forming, laser plate forming technique need not
Mould, without external force, it is thus with short production cycle, flexible big, be particularly suitable for the production of parts in small batch；Due to being limited from mould
System, can shape all kinds of irregular parts；Laser plate forming technique belongs to hot accumulation shaping, can shape high rigidity and brittleness material
Material, as Ti-Ni alloy, ceramics, cast iron etc.；By shape measuring instrument and infrared radiation thermometer, full mistake can be carried out on numerical control machine
Journey closed-loop control, to improve forming accuracy；Laser plate forming technique is non-contact shaping, and when deformation acts on without external force, thus
Rebound is smaller, and forming accuracy is higher；There is a kind of plate in plate lightweight structure plate, lightweight structure plate is aviation boat
My god, automobile, the more common structural panel in field such as track traffic, what this plate was mainly process by monoblock slab.Mirror
In the globality of this structural detail, it is possible to achieve the uniform strength design of part, improves structure efficiency and mitigate construction weight.Cause
This, lightweight structure plate has broad application prospects in spacecraft thin-wall construction, in modern aircraft, carrier rocket, space
In the structures such as aircraft, widely used this structure.The shaping of lightweight structure plate depend on traditional mechanical molding, when
Effect shaping etc., this plate reinforcing rib under traditional mechanical molding's mode is easily broken off failing, and the rebound shape in addition after shows
As, forming efficiency is relatively low, and the age forming cycle is longer, efficiency is low, therefore with the increasingly increase of this plate application range,
There is an urgent need for a kind of RP technique to tackle the demand in industry, and laser plate forming technique is with the big spy of its formed flexible
Point, a kind of selection well of can yet be regarded as.
The laser forming different from ordinary flat is formed to lightweight structure plate using laser plate forming technique, needs
Consider the design feature of lightweight structure plate, due to the structure of this plate complexity, lightweight structure plate laser into
Easily occur the phenomenon of plate entirety torsional deformation after shape, cause plate can not continue to shape, therefore, for lightweight structure plate
Overall torsional deformation phenomenon after laser forming, is badly in need of providing a kind of bearing calibration, occurs entirety after laser forming to correct
The lightweight structure plate of torsional deformation phenomenon, and then ensure that the follow-up of lightweight structure plate continues forming technology.
In view of drawbacks described above, creator of the present invention obtains the present invention finally by prolonged research and practice.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technological deficiency, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is, there is provided a kind of correcting structure plate laser into
The method integrally distorted after shape, the method for correcting overall twisted phenomena after lightweight structure Laser forming of sheet metal, specific implementation step
It is rapid as follows：
Step 1：By the lightweight structure plate integrally distorted with fixture fix on the table, using with lightweight structure plate
Identical fixed form before laser forming；
Step 2：The both ends of the lightweight structure plate distortion end of overall torsional deformation are lived using support device；And just
Step correction plate；
Step 3：The deflection of lightweight structure plate scan line different parts after measurement correction；
Step 4：Classified according to deformation of the measurement result to lightweight structure plate：(1) strengthen in the middle part of plate scan line
The bending deformation quantity of muscle is more than the bending deformation quantity of plate scan line both ends reinforcing rib；(2) in the middle part of plate scan line reinforcing rib compared with
The angle of bend of plate scan line both ends reinforcing rib is small；And according to classification situation, perform step 5 or step 6；
Step 5：After support device preliminary corrections, the bending deformation quantity of reinforcing rib is more than plate in the middle part of plate scan line
The bending deformation quantity of material scan line both ends reinforcing rib, belongs to the classification (1) in step 4, then at plate respective scanned position both ends
Covering position make it that the angle of bend of plate scan line diverse location reinforcing rib is identical using corrector laser scanning, and takes side
The strategy of side correction is measured, stops correction when relative torsional deflection does not occur compared with the initial position of end to plate end；
Step 6：After support device preliminary corrections, reinforcing rib adds compared with plate scan line both ends in the middle part of plate scan line
The angle of bend of strengthening tendons is small, belongs to the classification (2) in step 4, then covering and middle part are strengthened in the middle part of plate respective scanned position
Muscle portion position uses corrector laser scanning so that the angle of bend of plate scan line diverse location reinforcing rib is identical, and takes side
The strategy of side correction is measured, stops correction when relative torsional deflection does not occur compared with the initial position of end to plate end.
Preferably, in step 4, the deflection of the lightweight structure plate scan line different parts after measurement correction, measurement side
Formula can use the equipment such as spatial digitizer, laser displacement gauge to carry out.
Preferably, the thickness of the both ends covering is more than the thickness of two side skin of middle part reinforcing rib.
Preferably, before step 1 is carried out, graphite is coated in the lightweight structure plate surface integrally distorted, is swashed with improving
Absorptivity.
Preferably, the lightweight structure plate integrally distorted of surface coating graphite is fixed on workbench by step 1 with fixture
On, using the fixed form identical with before lightweight structure plate laser forming, and keep coating graphite side upward.
Preferably, compared with the scanning form that the corrector laser scanning uses when structural slab carries out laser forming, adopt
Carried out with Multiple-Scan or increase laser power or the mode for reducing spot size or reduction sweep speed.
Compared with the prior art the beneficial effects of the present invention are：1st, for the entirety after lightweight structure plate laser forming
Torsional deformation phenomenon, there is provided a kind of bearing calibration, to correct the lightweight for occurring overall torsional deformation phenomenon after laser forming
Structural slab, and then ensure that the follow-up of lightweight structure plate continues forming technology, improve having for lightweight structure plate laser forming
Effect property and yield rate；2nd, this method is used for the lightweight structure plate overall twisted phenomena that plate occurs after laser forming
Support device corrects the plate after overall distort, and according to the deformation of plate scan line diverse location, takes different schools
Positive measure, most plate corrects at last, and rationally, orderliness is clear for strategy, and overall torsional deformation phenomenon occur in blocking, pixelation processing
Lightweight structure plate so that finer realization corrects the plate after overall distort.
Brief description of the drawings
It is required in being described below to embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution in various embodiments of the present invention
The attached drawing used is briefly described.
Fig. 1 a are the schematic diagrames before structural slab laser forming of the present invention；
Fig. 1 b are the schematic diagrames after structural slab laser forming of the present invention；
Fig. 1 c are the diagrammatic cross-sections of structural slab of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of overall warping method after correcting structure plate laser forming of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the forgoing and additional technical features and advantages are described in more detail.
The invention reside in the method integrally distorted after a kind of correcting structure plate laser forming of offer, primarily to correcting light
The overall twisted phenomena occurred after quantizing structure Laser forming of sheet metal.As shown in Figure 1 a, 1 b, carried out to lightweight structure plate
During laser forming, temperature gradient mechanism is based primarily upon, the lightweight structure plate 1 finally produces what is sent to laser 20 at this time
Laser beam 21 is irradiated the direction flexural deformation of coming.With reference to shown in Fig. 1 c, but its cross section structure is answered due to lightweight structure plate
It is miscellaneous, after laser forming is carried out to lightweight structure plate using laser plate forming technique, if forming parameter is using incorrect
If the phenomenon that plate integrally distorts occurs, i.e., occur overall torsional effect after Laser forming of sheet metal, lightweight structure plate this
The overall torsional deformation of kind refers to the lightweight structure plate after certain forming parameter and scanning strategy laser forming, described light
Quantizing structure plate is overall around the torsion perpendicular to scan-line direction there occurs certain angle.
For the overall torsional deformation phenomenon occurred after lightweight structure plate laser forming, using support device by overall torsion
After the lightweight structure plate correction of song deformation, the deflection of the lightweight structure plate after correction is measured, is surveyed
The angle of bend of lightweight structure plate diverse location on scan line path is measured, according to the change at diverse location reinforcing rib position
Shape amount size cases, determine the lightweight structure plate subsequent correction measure：If reinforcing rib 14 in the middle part of the lightweight structure plate
Angle of bend compared with scan line both ends reinforcing rib 13 is big, then at lightweight structure plate respective scan line both ends reinforcing rib position
And covering 11 position in both ends uses corrector laser scanning；If 14 lightweight of reinforcing rib in the middle part of the lightweight structure plate
The angle of bend of structural slab scan line both ends reinforcing rib 13 is small, then strengthens in the middle part of the lightweight structure plate respective scanned position
Muscle portion position and two side skin of middle part reinforcing rib, 12 position use corrector laser scanning；To after the corrector laser scanning
The deflection of the lightweight structure plate measure, according to measurement result, choose whether to continue correct operation, until
Stop correction when compared with non-scanned end initial position relative torsional deflection does not occur for the lightweight structure plate end；This
When remove support device after plate no longer there is overall torsional deformation, so that lightweight structure plate to be configured to certain angle of bend
Degree.The present invention provides effective bearing calibration for the unusual deformation after lightweight structure plate laser forming, improves lightweight
The validity and yield rate of structural slab laser forming.
The corrector laser scanning can use Multiple-Scan or increase laser power or reduce spot size or reduction
The modes such as sweep speed carry out.
Embodiment one
The method of correction lightweight structure plate entirety torsional deformation as described above, what the present embodiment was different from is in
In as shown in Fig. 2, correcting the method for entirety twisted phenomena after lightweight structure Laser forming of sheet metal, specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1：By the lightweight structure plate integrally distorted with fixture fix on the table, using with lightweight structure plate
Identical fixed form before laser forming；
Step 2：The both ends of the lightweight structure plate distortion end of overall torsional deformation are lived using support device；And just
Step correction plate；
Step 3：The deflection of lightweight structure plate scan line different parts after measurement correction；
Step 4：Classified according to deformation of the measurement result to lightweight structure plate：(1) strengthen in the middle part of plate scan line
The bending deformation quantity of muscle is more than the bending deformation quantity of plate scan line both ends reinforcing rib；(2) in the middle part of plate scan line reinforcing rib compared with
The angle of bend of plate scan line both ends reinforcing rib is small；And according to classification situation, perform step 5 or step 6；
Step 5：After support device preliminary corrections, the bending deformation quantity of reinforcing rib is more than plate in the middle part of plate scan line
The bending deformation quantity of material scan line both ends reinforcing rib, belongs to the classification (1) in step 4, then at plate respective scanned position both ends
Covering position make it that the angle of bend of plate scan line diverse location reinforcing rib is identical using corrector laser scanning, and takes side
The strategy of side correction is measured, stops correction when relative torsional deflection does not occur compared with the initial position of end to plate end；
Step 6：After support device preliminary corrections, reinforcing rib adds compared with plate scan line both ends in the middle part of plate scan line
The angle of bend of strengthening tendons is small, belongs to the classification (2) in step 4, then covering and middle part are strengthened in the middle part of plate respective scanned position
Muscle portion position uses corrector laser scanning so that the angle of bend of plate scan line diverse location reinforcing rib is identical, and takes side
The strategy of side correction is measured, stops correction when relative torsional deflection does not occur compared with the initial position of end to plate end.
The lightweight structure plate that the present invention is integrally distorted using support device correction, passes through sheet material measurement scan line difference position
The deflection put, determines follow-up corrective action, and the lightweight structure plate correction most integrally distorted at last, ensure that lightweight
The progress of structural slab post laser forming technology.
Embodiment two
The method of correction lightweight structure plate entirety torsional deformation as described above, what the present embodiment was different from is in
In in step 4, the deflection of the lightweight structure plate scan line different parts after measurement correction, measurement method can use three
The equipment such as scanner, laser displacement gauge are tieed up to carry out.
Embodiment three
The method of correction lightweight structure plate entirety torsional deformation as described above, what the present embodiment was different from is in
In, forming experiment carried out to the lightweight structure that overall dimensions are 696mm × 400mm, plate surface coating graphite, use
Forming parameter is：Laser power 1100W, sweep speed 20mm/s, spot diameter 12mm, respectively apart from plate free end
The grid cell zone of 90mm, 126mm, 162mm are using the scanning strategy of at the uniform velocity invariable power perseverance spot size in each scanning position
Put and continuously scan respectively five times, lightweight structure plate generates overall twisted phenomena after scanning, takes support device overall
After the plate correction of distortion, the deformation of plate is measured, measuring device is using Canada's CREAFORM hand-helds three
Tie up scanner to carry out, according to measurement result, the bending deformation quantity of reinforcing rib is strengthened more than scan position both sides in the middle part of scan position
The bending deformation quantity of muscle, therefore take and plate is taken multiple scan at scan line both ends 5mm heavy-gauge sheetings position, per twice sweep
Between plate cooling room temperature, the forming parameter taken remains unchanged, when being scanned 24 times in each position, the overall distortion of plate
Phenomenon disappears.
Example IV
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from part and are, if described light
Reinforcing rib is big compared with the angle of bend of scan line both ends reinforcing rib in the middle part of quantizing structure plate, then is accordingly swept in the lightweight structure plate
Retouch line both ends reinforcing rib position and both ends covering position uses corrector laser scanning；If strengthen in the middle part of the lightweight structure plate
Muscle is small compared with the angle of bend of lightweight structure plate scan line both ends reinforcing rib, then in the lightweight structure plate respective scanned
Reinforcing rib position and two side skin position of middle part reinforcing rib use corrector laser scanning in the middle part of position.The both ends covering 11
Thickness is more than the thickness of two side skin 12 of middle part reinforcing rib.
Embodiment five
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from part and are, walked
Before rapid 1, graphite is coated in the lightweight structure plate surface integrally distorted, to improve laser absorption rate；Surface is coated into graphite
The lightweight structure plate integrally distorted with fixture fix on the table, using with phase before lightweight structure plate laser forming
Same fixed form, and keep coating graphite side upward.
Embodiment six
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from part and are, the correction
Compared with the scanning form that formula laser scanning uses when structural slab carries out laser forming, using Multiple-Scan or increase laser power
Or the mode of reduction spot size or reduction sweep speed carries out.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is merely illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and non-limiting
's.Those skilled in the art understands, many changes can be carried out to it in the spirit and scope that the claims in the present invention are limited,
Modification, in addition it is equivalent, but fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming, it is characterised in that correction lightweight structure plate swashs
The method of overall twisted phenomena, specific implementation step are as follows after light shaping：
Step 1：By the lightweight structure plate integrally distorted with fixture fix on the table, using with lightweight structure plate laser
Identical fixed form before shaping；
Step 2：The both ends of the lightweight structure plate distortion end of overall torsional deformation are lived using support device；And preliminary school
Positive plate；
Step 3：The deflection of lightweight structure plate scan line different parts after measurement correction；
Step 4：Classified according to deformation of the measurement result to lightweight structure plate：(1) reinforcing rib in the middle part of plate scan line
Bending deformation quantity is more than the bending deformation quantity of plate scan line both ends reinforcing rib；(2) plate scan line middle part reinforcing rib is compared with plate
The angle of bend of scan line both ends reinforcing rib is small；And according to classification situation, perform step 5 or step 6；
Step 5：After support device preliminary corrections, the bending deformation quantity of reinforcing rib is swept more than plate in the middle part of plate scan line
The bending deformation quantity of line both ends reinforcing rib is retouched, belongs to the classification (1) in step 4, then in plate respective scanned position both ends covering
Position make it that the angle of bend of plate scan line diverse location reinforcing rib is identical using corrector laser scanning, and takes side to measure
The strategy of side correction, stops correction when relative torsional deflection does not occur compared with the initial position of end to plate end；
Step 6：After support device preliminary corrections, reinforcing rib is compared with plate scan line both ends reinforcing rib in the middle part of plate scan line
Angle of bend it is small, belong to the classification (2) in step 4, then muscle portion is strengthened at covering and middle part in the middle part of plate respective scanned position
Position uses corrector laser scanning so that the angle of bend of plate scan line diverse location reinforcing rib is identical, and takes side to measure
The strategy of side correction, stops correction when relative torsional deflection does not occur compared with the initial position of end to plate end.
2. the method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4,
The deflection of lightweight structure plate scan line different parts after measurement correction, measurement method can use spatial digitizer, swash
Light displacement meter equipment carries out.
3. the method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the both ends
The thickness of covering is more than the thickness of two side skin of middle part reinforcing rib.
4. the method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that walked
Before rapid 1, graphite is coated in the lightweight structure plate surface integrally distorted, to improve laser absorption rate.
5. the method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that step 1 will
The lightweight structure plate integrally distorted of surface coating graphite is fixed on the table with fixture, is swashed using with lightweight structure plate
Identical fixed form before light shaping, and keep coating graphite side upward.
6. the method integrally distorted after correcting structure plate laser forming as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the correction
Compared with the scanning form that formula laser scanning uses when structural slab carries out laser forming, using Multiple-Scan or increase laser power
Or the mode of reduction spot size or reduction sweep speed carries out.
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| CN108971267B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2020-01-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Laser leveling method for micro-deformation plate |
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| US5359872A (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1994-11-01 | Okuma Corporation | Method and apparatus for sheet-metal processing |
| CN101559539A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2009-10-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Sheet metal laser high-precision hot-bending forming |
| CN101804508A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-08-18 | 上海交通大学 | Step type variable speed scanning method for accuracy control of laser bend forming |
| KR20130109911A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-08 | 주식회사 스페이스솔루션 | Method and apparatus for correcting dimension of bendign work |
| CN103722289A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-16 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for laser straightening |
| CN105033004A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-11-11 | 北京卫星制造厂 | Lightweight wall plate laser-inducing flexible forming system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5557393A (en) * | 1978-10-26 | 1980-04-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Laser processing device |
| US5359872A (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1994-11-01 | Okuma Corporation | Method and apparatus for sheet-metal processing |
| CN101559539A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2009-10-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Sheet metal laser high-precision hot-bending forming |
| CN101804508A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-08-18 | 上海交通大学 | Step type variable speed scanning method for accuracy control of laser bend forming |
| KR20130109911A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-08 | 주식회사 스페이스솔루션 | Method and apparatus for correcting dimension of bendign work |
| CN103722289A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-16 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for laser straightening |
| CN105033004A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-11-11 | 北京卫星制造厂 | Lightweight wall plate laser-inducing flexible forming system and method |
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