CN106391796B - A method of reducing sheet edge effect - Google Patents
A method of reducing sheet edge effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN106391796B CN106391796B CN201610865793.2A CN201610865793A CN106391796B CN 106391796 B CN106391796 B CN 106391796B CN 201610865793 A CN201610865793 A CN 201610865793A CN 106391796 B CN106391796 B CN 106391796B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
- B21D11/20—Bending sheet metal, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
- B21D11/22—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. positioning devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method for reducing sheet edge effect, its laser forming that plate is carried out by the way of interruption scanning, the specific implementation step of the interruption scanning mode is as follows: step 1: graphite is coated in the plate surface, to improve laser absorption rate；Step 2: the plate after coating graphite is fixed on workbench with fixture, and keeps coating graphite side upward；Step 3: the scan position of laser scanning is chosen；Step 4: it treats scan position and carries out heating region division；Step 5: the case where being divided according to scan position heating region, first interruption scan the first scanning area therein, scan the second scanning area after the plate is cooling.Edge effect phenomenon for the moment of flexure in direction perpendicular with scanning direction in the edge effect phenomenon after Laser forming of sheet metal, and forming by the way of interruption scanning, after reducing Laser forming of sheet metal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sheet metal processings, and in particular to a method of reduce sheet edge effect.
Background technique
Metal sheet forming technology very widely used, board in the industry such as modern Aviation, space flight, ship, automobile
Occupation ratio is very big, it is therefore desirable to further investigate to metal sheet forming technology, grasp its compacting mechanism and improve forming
Precision, to be preferably applied to practice；Many scholars have carried out relevant research in this respect, achieve it is many research at
Fruit.Laser plate forming technique is to irradiate sheet metal surface using laser beam, is generated strongly in sheet metal thickness direction
Temperature gradient, induces uneven thermal stress, and then generates Moment in plate in plate cross-section, while plate heating zone
Domain generates plastic deformation, finally by the technology of sheet material bending and forming.
Compared with the sheet material formings technologies such as traditional plate mechanical molding, age forming, laser sheet material forming without mold,
Without external force, thus it is with short production cycle, flexible big, it is particularly suitable for the production of parts in small batch；It, can be at due to not limited by mold
All kinds of irregular parts of shape；Laser forming belongs to hot accumulation forming, can shape high rigidity and fragile material, as Ti-Ni alloy,
Ceramics, cast iron etc.；By shape measuring instrument and infrared radiation thermometer, overall process closed-loop control can be carried out on numerical control machine, with
Improve forming accuracy；Laser forming is non-contact forming, without external force when deformation, thus spring back it is smaller, forming accuracy compared with
It is high；In forming process, single sweep operation deflection is smaller, when forming be not likely to produce it is rugosity, it is raw particularly suitable for single-piece, small lot
Produce and be difficult to conventional method the forming of the material shaped.
Currently, domestic and foreign scholars study mainly around the laser forming technology of plate.Many scholars have found that plate swashs
After light forming, the bending angle of scan line different location is inconsistent, and this phenomenon is widely referred to as " edge effect ".Edge effect
Presence seriously affected the precision of sheet material forming, bring difficulty to the production of subsequent technique, such as welding assembles, therefore
A kind of method of edge effect provided in reduction laser sheet material forming is particularly necessary.In order to reduce in laser sheet material forming
Edge effect, the invention proposes a kind of new scanning modes: interruption scanning, to reduce the edge after Laser forming of sheet metal
Effect phenomenon improves the forming accuracy of plate.
In view of the above drawbacks, creator of the present invention obtains the present invention by prolonged research and practice finally.
Summary of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technological deficiency, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is, provides a kind of reduction sheet edge effect
Method, the laser forming of plate, the specific implementation step of the interruption scanning mode are carried out by the way of interruption scanning
It is rapid as follows:
Step 1: graphite is coated in the plate surface, to improve laser absorption rate；
Step 2: by coat graphite after the plate be fixed on workbench with fixture, and keep coating one side of graphite to
On；
Step 3: the scan position of laser scanning is chosen；
Step 4: it treats scan position and carries out heating region division；
Step 5: the case where being divided according to scan position heating region, first interruption scan the first scanning area therein,
The second scanning area is scanned after the plate is cooling.
Preferably, in the step 4, when treating scan position progress heating region division, to guarantee that the plate exists
The symmetry of scan position, is divided into 2n+1 heating region of odd number for plate scan position when interruption scanning；
In the step 5, first to n or n+1 sections therein of scanning of heating region interruption after division, the end of scan
After plate is cooling, the n+1 or n sections that remaining is not scanned are scanned, is finally certain bending angle by the sheet material forming.
Preferably, first scanning area and second scanning area are in the same position to be scanned, and institute
It states the first scanning area and second scanning area is not be overlapped.
Preferably, in the step 2, the plate is fixed on workbench using fixture, fixed form can use
End is fixed or plate middle part is fixed.
Preferably, the power of the laser is 50W-3000W, scanning speed 1mm/s-100mm/s, spot diameter are
1mm-40mm。
Preferably, during the scanning process, keeping laser power constant, scanning speed is constant, and spot size is constant.
Compared with the prior art the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1, using interruption scanning by the way of for plate with laser at
The moment of flexure in the direction perpendicular with scanning direction, position to be scanned is divided into edge effect phenomenon after shape, and forming
Different heating regions, first interruption scanning some of which region, scan remaining scanning area after plate is cooling, thus
Reduce the moment of flexure in direction perpendicular with scanning direction in plate with laser scanning process, and then reduces the side after Laser forming of sheet metal
Edge effect phenomenon；2, the interruption scanning mode is for traditional variable-speed scanning etc. becomes energy scan mode, advantage
It is that the interruption scanning mode ensure that plate scan line different location heat affected area having the same and identical mechanical property
Can, so that the edge effect phenomenon after Laser forming of sheet metal is effectively reduced, along scan position difference after reduction Laser forming of sheet metal
The different situation of location bending angle realizes the quick mouldless shaping of laser sheet material forming, improves the forming accuracy of plate；3,
Position to be scanned is divided into 2n+1 region of odd number, thus ensure that the plate be interrupted scanning when, pair of scan position
Title property, to reduce the plate since the asymmetry of scan position causes unnecessary forming accuracy error.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to required in embodiment description in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution in various embodiments of the present invention
The attached drawing used is briefly described.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram one for the method that the present invention reduces sheet edge effect；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram two for the method that the present invention reduces sheet edge effect；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for the method that the present invention reduces sheet edge effect.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the forgoing and additional technical features and advantages are described in more detail.
The invention reside in a kind of method that can reduce the edge effect phenomenon after Laser forming of sheet metal is provided, plate is improved
Forming accuracy after laser forming.Laser plate forming technique is to irradiate plate surface using laser beam, while plate is in laser
Scanned heating region generates plastic deformation, finally by the technology of sheet material bending and forming.
Edge effect phenomenon refers to different along scan position different location bending angle phenomenons after Laser forming of sheet metal, this
The presence of phenomenon reduces the forming accuracy of plate, brings difficulty, such as welding, assembling to the production of subsequent technique.Such as Fig. 1
It is shown, reduce the schematic diagram one of the method for sheet edge effect for the present invention；Laser is carried out in either direction on plate 1 to sweep
When retouching, due to the high-energy of laser, strong temperature gradient is generated in 1 thickness direction of plate, induces uneven thermal stress,
And then moment of flexure is generated in 1 cross-section of plate, the Moment is in the plate 1.But due to the shifting of laser scanning line
Dynamic to need the time, the region first scanned gradually begins to cool deformation, and the region that do not scan not yet starts to deform, so as to cause sweeping
The bending angle for retouching line different location is inconsistent, wherein in plate plane, the moment of flexure in perpendicular direction is with scanning direction
Lead to the basic reason of sheet edge effect phenomenon.In order to reduce the edge effect in laser sheet material forming, the invention proposes
A kind of new scanning mode: interruption scanning improves the forming essence of plate to reduce the edge effect phenomenon after Laser forming of sheet metal
Degree.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, plate is first fixed on workbench by the interruption scanning mode, is selected on the plate 1
Any position carries out laser scanning, and treating scan position before laser scanning is segmented, and then treats between scan position carries out
The laser scanning of disconnected scanning form, scans the first scanning area 2 therein first, after plate is cooling, then scans and described the
One scanning area 2 is in nonoverlapping second scanning area 2 ' in the same position to be scanned and region, and then by sheet fabrication
It is bent into certain angle.
The interruption scanning mode in the edge effect phenomenon after Laser forming of sheet metal, and forming with scanning direction
Position to be scanned is divided into different heating regions by the moment of flexure in perpendicular direction, first interruption scanning some of which area
Remaining scanning area is scanned after plate is cooling, to reduce perpendicular with scanning direction in plate with laser scanning process in domain
Direction moment of flexure, and then reduce Laser forming of sheet metal after edge effect phenomenon.
For the interruption scanning mode for traditional variable-speed scanning etc. becomes energy scan mode, advantage is institute
Stating interruption scanning mode ensure that plate scan line different location heat affected area having the same and identical mechanical property, thus
Edge effect phenomenon after effectively reducing Laser forming of sheet metal is bent after reducing Laser forming of sheet metal along scan position different location
The different situation of angle realizes the quick mouldless shaping of laser sheet material forming, improves the forming accuracy of plate.
As shown in figure 3, the specific implementation step of the interruption scanning mode is as follows:
Step 1: graphite is coated in the plate surface, to improve laser absorption rate；
Step 2: by coat graphite after the plate be fixed on workbench with fixture, and keep coating one side of graphite to
On；
Step 3: the scan position of laser scanning is chosen；
Step 4: it treats scan position and carries out heating region division；
Step 5: the case where being divided according to scan position heating region, first interruption scanning first scanning therein
Second scanning area 2 ' is scanned after the plate is cooling in region 2.
Wherein, in the step 2, the plate is fixed on workbench using fixture, fixed form can use end
Portion is fixed or plate middle part is fixed.
Embodiment one
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment is different from place and is, in the step
In rapid four, scan position is treated before laser scanning and carries out heating region division, position to be scanned is divided into odd number 2n+1
The case where a region then carries out step 5, is divided according to scan position heating region, treats scan position and carries out interruption scanning
The laser scanning of form, first interruption scan n therein or n+1 region, scan remaining n+1 or n after plate is cooling
Region, and then sheet fabrication is bent into certain angle.
Position to be scanned is divided into 2n+1 region of odd number, to ensure that the plate when being interrupted scanning, scans
No matter the symmetry of position scans n region therein or scanning n+1 region therein, the geometric center in region to be scanned
It is the geometric center of entire scan position.
Therefore, position to be scanned is divided into 2n+1 region of odd number, ensure that plate scanning when being interrupted scanning
The symmetry of position, to reduce the plate since the asymmetry of scan position causes unnecessary forming accuracy to miss
Difference.
Embodiment two
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from place and are, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2
Shown, plate is first fixed on workbench by the interruption scanning mode, and parallel any in y-axis direction is selected on the plate 1
Position carries out laser scanning, and treating scan position before laser scanning is segmented, and then treats scan position and carries out interruption and sweeps
The laser scanning of form is retouched, scans the first scanning area 2 therein first, after plate is cooling, then scans and is swept with described first
It retouches region 2 and is in nonoverlapping second scanning area 2 ' in the same position to be scanned and region, and then sheet fabrication is bent
For certain angle.
In forming process, the scanning form of the interruption scanning reduces the curved of the x-axis direction perpendicular with y-axis direction
Square, and then reduce the edge effect phenomenon after Laser forming of sheet metal.
Embodiment three
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from place and are, the interruption
Plate is first fixed on workbench by scanning mode, and any position for selecting x-axis direction parallel on the plate 1 carries out laser and sweeps
It retouches, treating scan position before laser scanning is segmented, and is then treated scan position and is carried out the laser of interruption scanning form and sweeps
It retouches, scans the first scanning area 2 therein first, after plate is cooling, then scans and be in same with first scanning area 2
Nonoverlapping second scanning area 2 ' in the position to be scanned and region, and then sheet fabrication is bent into certain angle.
In forming process, the scanning form of the interruption scanning reduces the curved of the y-axis direction perpendicular with x-axis direction
Square, and then reduce the edge effect phenomenon after Laser forming of sheet metal.
Example IV
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from place and are, laser plate
Forming technique is to irradiate plate surface using laser beam, and the power of the laser is 50W-3000W, scanning speed 1mm/s-
100mm/s, spot diameter 1mm-40mm.
Embodiment five
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from place and are, the laser
Sheet material forming technology using laser beam when being scanned, and during the scanning process, keeps laser power constant, scanning speed is not
Become, spot size is constant.
Embodiment six
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from place and are, choose one piece
It is formed having a size of 200mm × 200mm × 2.5mm 5A06 flat aluminium alloy plate, by the 5A06 aluminium after surface coating graphite
Sheet alloy scan position is divided into 11 sections, the forming parameter of use are as follows: laser power P=600W, scan velocity V=20mm/
S, spot diameter D=8mm, first 6 sections therein of interruption scanning, are scanned from the 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials first end to described
The second end of 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials keeps forming parameter constant in forming process, and the end of scan is after plate is cooling from institute
It states 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials second end and scans remaining non-scanning area to the 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials first end.
Embodiment seven
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from place and are, choose one piece
It is formed having a size of 200mm × 200mm × 2.5mm 5A06 flat aluminium alloy plate, by the 5A06 aluminium after surface coating graphite
Sheet alloy scan position is divided into 13 sections, the forming parameter of use are as follows: laser power P=50W, scan velocity V=1mm/s,
Spot diameter D=1mm, first 7 sections therein of interruption scanning, are scanned from the 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials first end to the 5A06
The second end of aluminum alloy plate materials keeps forming parameter constant in forming process, and the end of scan is after plate is cooling from described
5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials second end scans remaining non-scanning area to the 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials first end.
Embodiment eight
The method of reduction sheet edge effect as described above, the present embodiment are different from place and are, choose one piece
It is formed having a size of 200mm × 200mm × 2.5mm 5A06 flat aluminium alloy plate, by the 5A06 aluminium after surface coating graphite
Sheet alloy scan position is divided into 9 sections, the forming parameter of use are as follows: laser power P=3000W, scan velocity V=100mm/
S, spot diameter D=40mm, first 4 sections therein of interruption scanning, are scanned from the 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials first end to described
The second end of 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials keeps forming parameter constant in forming process, and the end of scan is after plate is cooling from institute
It states 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials second end and scans remaining non-scanning area to the 5A06 aluminum alloy plate materials first end.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is merely illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and not restrictive
's.Those skilled in the art understand that in the spirit and scope defined by the claims in the present invention many changes can be carried out to it,
It modifies or even equivalent, but falls in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for reducing sheet edge effect, which is characterized in that it carries out plate by the way of interruption scanning
The specific implementation step of laser forming, the interruption scanning mode is as follows:
Step 1: graphite is coated in the plate surface, to improve laser absorption rate；
Step 2: the plate after coating graphite is fixed on workbench with fixture, and keeps coating graphite side upward；
Step 3: the scan position of laser scanning is chosen；
Step 4: it treats scan position and carries out heating region division；
Step 5: the case where being divided according to scan position heating region, first interruption scan the first scanning area therein, to institute
The second scanning area is scanned after stating plate cooling；
It is to guarantee the plate when being interrupted scanning when treating scan position progress heating region division in the step 4
Plate scan position is divided into 2n+1 heating region of odd number by the symmetry of scan position；
In the step 5, first to n or n+1 sections therein of scanning of heating region interruption after division, the end of scan waits for plate
After material is cooling, the n+1 or n sections that remaining is not scanned are scanned, is finally certain bending angle by the sheet material forming.
2. reducing the method for sheet edge effect as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first scanning area and institute
It states the second scanning area and is in the same position to be scanned, and first scanning area is not weighed with second scanning area
It is folded.
3. reducing the method for sheet edge effect as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the step 2, benefit
The plate is fixed on workbench with fixture, fixed form can be fixed using end or plate middle part is fixed.
4. reducing the method for sheet edge effect as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the power of the laser is 50W-
3000W, scanning speed 1mm/s-100mm/s, spot diameter 1mm-40mm.
5. claims 1 or 2 or 4 it is any as described in reduction sheet edge effect method, which is characterized in that in scanning process
In, keep laser power constant, scanning speed is constant, and spot size is constant.
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| CN201610865793.2A CN106391796B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | A method of reducing sheet edge effect |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108856474B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-07-16 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of regulation of energy method reducing sheet metal laser bend forming amount of warpage |
| CN109731968B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | Arc groove laser bending forming method based on plastic zone depth |
| CN114289578A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser bending forming device and method for micro corrugated plate |
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| CN102873152A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-16 | 苏州大学 | Foamed aluminum sandwich board bend forming method |
| CN105033004A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-11-11 | 北京卫星制造厂 | Lightweight wall plate laser-inducing flexible forming system and method |
| CN105057409A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-11-18 | 湖北鸿路钢结构有限公司 | Method capable of eliminating fringe effect and oxidation of titanium alloy sheet in laser forming |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1307947A (en) * | 2001-02-19 | 2001-08-15 | 李文川 | Metal-deforming laser method |
| JP2011073013A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-14 | Tokyu Car Corp | Method of machining metallic plate |
| CN101804508A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-08-18 | 上海交通大学 | Step type variable speed scanning method for accuracy control of laser bend forming |
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