CN106356551A - All-vanadium redox flow battery system for efficient energy storage - Google Patents
All-vanadium redox flow battery system for efficient energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106356551A CN106356551A CN201610969219.1A CN201610969219A CN106356551A CN 106356551 A CN106356551 A CN 106356551A CN 201610969219 A CN201610969219 A CN 201610969219A CN 106356551 A CN106356551 A CN 106356551A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses an all-vanadium redox flow battery system for efficient energy storage. The all-vanadium redox flow battery system comprises a stack system, a first upper anode storage tank, a second upper anode storage tank, a first upper cathode storage tank, a second upper cathode storage tank, a lower anode storage tank and a lower cathode storage tank, wherein the first upper anode storage tank, the second upper anode storage tank, the first upper cathode storage tank and the second upper cathode storage tank are positioned above the stack system; and the lower anode storage tank and the lower cathode storage tank are positioned below the stack system. By adopting the scheme of the invention, a pump is only used in a charge or discharge period in the whole charge/discharge circulation process, the power consumption of the pump is reduced by 40-45%, and the service life of the pump is greatly prolonged; and meanwhile, charge/discharge can be complete in the charge/discharge process, an electric pile is free of fully charged electrolyte when a battery is fully charged and is not used within a short period, and the consumption of self discharge of the system is only about 10% that of a conventional energy storage system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of all-vanadium redox flow battery system being applied to high-efficiency energy-storage.
Background technology
The growing interest of the environmental problems such as atmospheric pollution and the whole world is caused generally to face coal-fired and oil etc. with people
Energy shortage predicament, the research of energy and material becomes forward position and the focus of material science always, can be again especially with green
Raw wind energy and solar energy, the features such as generating because it is discontinuous, so needing Large Copacity electric storage device, all-vanadium flow battery because
It has can scale energy storage, environmental friendliness, can depth discharge and recharge, the long-life and safeguard simple the advantages of, it has also become storage
The focus of energy industry industry exploitation.
As shown in figure 1, all-vanadium liquid flow energy storage system is by 7 stack systems, (1 just for electrolyte and induction system
Pole liquid storage tank, 3 negative pole liquid storage tanks etc.), 8 management and detecting system form.Generally whole system in one plane,
Both positive and negative polarity is respectively adopted pumping system and reaches discharge and recharge by carrying out conveying inside electrolyte closed-loop path in charge and discharge process；?
In running, the operation that pump need to continue, pump consumes the energy of whole system 3-7%, and pump heating is seriously and in charge and discharge process
In persistently using so that the life-span of pump substantially reduce, and when system charges to full electricity and does not temporarily use, the moving of barrier film intermediate ion
Shifting leads to self discharge serious, lead to 5-10% about energy consumption.System typically enters from the lower mouth of 7 stack systems,
Suitable for reading out, both positive and negative polarity is equipped with a storage tank.
In whole system charge and discharge process, both positive and negative polarity pump is both needed to real time execution to ensure entering of charge or discharge reaction
OK, and operationally, inside storage tank, the charging state of electrolyte, with the carrying out of discharge and recharge, changes in real time it is impossible to accurately
Detection；When system is charged to full power state and short-term does not use, due to due to barrier film, lead to self discharge serious, be simultaneously
During system discharge and recharge, it is required to consumed energy to carry out the driving of pump, so that the efficiency of system is very low, typically comprehensive storing up electricity effect
Rate is less than 70%；And because pump persistently uses, pump heating is serious, and the life-span substantially reduces, general 1-3 about just need to change, lead
Cause system maintenance and renewal cost to rise, and reliability substantially reduces.In addition, the feed liquor mode of system typically using under enter on
Go out, lead to internal system pressure larger, higher to seal request, it is uneven to there is pressure at both sides simultaneously, lead to positive and negative interpolar from
The problems such as son migration is serious.
The pumping system that vanadium flow battery uses is so that electrolyte is respectively in both positive and negative polarity pile and the pipeline system of whole closure
System the inside is run, but because electrolyte of vanadium redox battery is corrosive liquids, the viscosity of electrolyte is larger simultaneously, so needed for vanadium cell
Pump need acid-resistant anti-corrosion, and in continuous operation, the power consumption of pump is larger, and heating is serious, leads to the life-span of pump shorter, has a strong impact on
Whole system reliable and stable.Meanwhile, the pump of vanadium energy storage system needs from the energy consuming whole energy-storage system 3-7%,
In addition in charge and discharge process, charging state is in continuous change, inside current system, exists and reacts insufficient,
Charging state real-time change is it is impossible to the deficiency such as effective monitoring；Charge to full power state and the short-term not used time, self discharge is serious.With
When, liquor stream mouth low level from pile enters, and a high position goes out, and leads to pile internal pressure larger, the sealing to pile and the pressure of both sides
Balance all has considerable influence.So being optimized to current system configuration, to the service life improving pump, reducing heating, reducing
The consumption to whole system energy for the pump, both positive and negative polarity fully reacts, and reduces self discharge, both positive and negative polarity pressure balance, will improve whole storage
Can system reliable and stable, increase the service life and drop low-energy from consume, improve energy efficiency, to performance vanadium cell energy storage
The advantage of system is most important.
Content of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of all-vanadium redox flow battery system being applied to high-efficiency energy-storage, it includes stack system, positioned at electricity
Above shut-down system first upper positive pole storage tank and the second upper positive pole storage tank and the first upper negative pole storage tank and second upper
Negative pole storage tank, the next positive pole storage tank below stack system and the next negative pole storage tank,
Wherein, the outlet of the first upper positive pole storage tank is connected to the second upper positive pole storage tank by being provided with the pipeline of electromagnetic valve
Import, the outlet of the second upper positive pole storage tank connects the positive pole inlet of stack system via the pipeline being provided with electromagnetic valve, the
The outlet of one upper negative pole storage tank connects the import of the second upper negative pole storage tank by being provided with the pipeline of electromagnetic valve, and second is upper negative
The outlet of pole storage tank connects the negative pole inlet of stack system via the pipeline being provided with electromagnetic valve,
The positive pole liquid outlet of stack system connects the import of the next positive pole storage tank, and the next positive pole storage tank is (resistance to by being provided with pump
Sour pump) and electromagnetic valve pipeline connect the first upper positive pole storage tank import,
The negative pole liquid outlet of stack system connects the import of the next negative pole storage tank, and the next negative pole storage tank is (resistance to by being provided with pump
Sour pump) and electromagnetic valve pipeline connect the first upper negative pole storage tank import.
Further, the all-vanadium redox flow battery system being applied to high-efficiency energy-storage further includes monitor and detection system, its control
All electromagnetic valves on pipeline.
Further, the outlet of the first and second upper both positive and negative polarity storage tanks is higher than the inlet (suitable for reading) of stack system.
Further, it is provided with battery management between the positive pole liquid outlet (lower mouth) and negative pole liquid outlet (lower mouth) of stack system
System.
Further, pile height is h, difference in height h of the first and second upper both positive and negative polarity storage tanks and the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank
More than pile height h.
Charging/discharging thereof using above-mentioned all-vanadium redox flow battery system is as follows:
Positive pole in upper two the second both positive and negative polarity storage tanks separately designing, respectively with the both positive and negative polarity of system by electromagnetic valve Lai
It is connected, places stack system in middle position, connect a pair the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank respectively in the next placement, when charging；Beat simultaneously
Drive both positive and negative polarity electromagnetic valve, system proceeds by charging, the completely electrolyte that charges stores up with flowing into the next both positive and negative polarity about gravity
Tank；
When in the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank, liquid level sensor detects storage to electrolyte storage tank, then the first both positive and negative polarity storage tank
Closed electromagnetic valve in the pipeline of the second both positive and negative polarity storage tank, the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank is to the pipeline of the first upper both positive and negative polarity storage tank
In electromagnetic valve open, pump automatic, the electrolyte in the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank is pumped into high-order other first respectively
In both positive and negative polarity storage tank；
When charge completely (i.e. in the second both positive and negative polarity storage tank electrolyte flow out finish when), the next electrolyte just pump to first
Inside upper both positive and negative polarity storage tank, then according to needed for system, directly discharged, in the process, close, open first upper
The electromagnetic valve in pipeline between both positive and negative polarity storage tank and the second upper both positive and negative polarity storage tank, when electric discharge (by detection voltage) completely
Electrolyte is detected by pressure transducer when need to pump, then start, to upper pumping, successively according to discharge and recharge needs, carry out week
Phase property operates.If system temporarily do not need discharge, close electromagnetic valve, wait need electric discharge when, automatically open up, carry out electric discharge behaviour
Make.
By two upper first and second both positive and negative polarity storage tanks, allow the electric discharge electrolyte of positive pole or charging electrolyte thoroughly
Separately, it is to avoid mixing, specifically to be illustrated with a complete discharge and recharge, when charging, in the situation controlling flow and electric current
Under, rely on action of gravity, flow into the mixed liquor that the electrolyte inside the next positive pole tank is four pentavalents or pentavalent, negative pole is two trivalents
Or bivalence, now, if starting to discharge, need to rely on pump to pump into the next electrolyte the next electrolyte quickly upper another
Inside an outer negative or positive electrode storage tank, two storage tanks of upper employing, one of them is equivalent to stock solution storage tank, and another one is
Liquid storage tank after reaction.
By using upper first and second both positive and negative polarity storage tanks, when being discharged, the next electrolyte can be substantially all
Pump into inside the upper another one jar different with reactant liquor, the electrolyte inside upper reaction flow container (storage tank) does not have substantially
Sometimes, in the presence of detecting system, electromagnetic valve can be opened, quickly add to inside reaction flow container.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is prior art all-vanadium redox flow battery system.
1 positive pole fluid reservoir 3 negative pole fluid reservoir
7 battery systems 8 manage and detecting system
Fig. 2 is the all-vanadium redox flow battery system of the present invention.
The upper positive pole storage tank of 1 first upper positive pole storage tank 2 second
The upper negative pole storage tank of 3 second upper negative pole storage tanks 4 first
5 the next positive pole storage tank 6 bottom negative pole storage tanks
7 stack system 8 battery management system
The 9 monitoring upper areas of detecting system 10
The next area of 20 middle position area 30.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention to be described by specific embodiment；These explanations are for illustration only, and do not constitute
Any limitation on the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of all-vanadium redox flow battery system being applied to high-efficiency energy-storage, it includes stack system 7, positioned at electricity
On above shut-down system first upper positive pole storage tank 1 and the second upper positive pole storage tank 2 and the first upper negative pole storage tank 4 and second
Position negative pole storage tank 3, the next positive pole storage tank 5 below stack system and the next negative pole storage tank 6,
Wherein, the outlet of the first upper positive pole storage tank 1 is connected to the second upper positive pole by being provided with the pipeline of electromagnetic valve v2
The import of storage tank 2, the outlet of the second upper positive pole storage tank is entered via the positive pole that the pipeline being provided with electromagnetic valve v3 connects stack system 7
Liquid mouth, the outlet of the first upper negative pole storage tank 4 connects entering of the second upper negative pole storage tank 3 by being provided with the pipeline of electromagnetic valve v5
Mouthful, the outlet of the second upper negative pole storage tank 3 connects the negative pole inlet of stack system 7 via the pipeline being provided with electromagnetic valve v4,
The positive pole liquid outlet of stack system 7 connects the import of the next positive pole storage tank 5, and the next positive pole storage tank 5 is by being provided with pump m
Connect the import of the first upper positive pole storage tank 1 with the pipeline of electromagnetic valve v1,
The negative pole liquid outlet of stack system 7 connects the import of the next negative pole storage tank 6, and the next negative pole storage tank 6 is by being provided with pump m
Connect the import of the first upper negative pole storage tank 4 with the pipeline of electromagnetic valve v6.
First upper positive pole storage tank 1 and the second upper positive pole storage tank 2 and the first upper negative pole storage tank 4 and second are upper negative
Pole storage tank 3 is located at upper area 10, and stack system 7 is located at middle position area 20, and the next positive pole storage tank 5 and the next negative pole storage tank 6 are located at down
Position area 30.
Further, the all-vanadium redox flow battery system being applied to high-efficiency energy-storage further includes monitor and detection system 9, its control
All electromagnetic valves on pipeline.
Further, the outlet of the first and second upper both positive and negative polarity storage tanks is higher than the inlet (suitable for reading) of stack system.
Further, it is provided with battery management between the positive pole liquid outlet (lower mouth) and negative pole liquid outlet (lower mouth) of stack system
System 8.
Further, pile height is h, difference in height h of the first and second upper both positive and negative polarity storage tanks and the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank
More than pile height h.
Charging/discharging thereof using above-mentioned all-vanadium redox flow battery system is as follows:
Positive pole, in upper two the second both positive and negative polarity storage tanks 2,3 separately designing, passes through electromagnetism with the both positive and negative polarity of system respectively
Valve, to be connected, places stack system 7 in middle position, connects a pair the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank 5,6 respectively in the next placement, is charging
When；Open both positive and negative polarity electromagnetic valve v3, v4, system proceeds by charging, the completely electrolyte that charges flows with about gravity simultaneously
Enter the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank 5,6；
When in the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank 5,6, liquid level sensor detects storage to electrolyte storage tank, then the first both positive and negative polarity
Storage tank electromagnetic valve v2, v5 in the pipeline of the second both positive and negative polarity storage tank closes, and the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank is to the first upper both positive and negative polarity
Electromagnetic valve v1, v6 in the pipeline of storage tank open, pump m automatic, by the pump respectively of the electrolyte in the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank 5,6
Deliver in high-order the first other both positive and negative polarity storage tank 1,4；
When charge completely (i.e. in the second both positive and negative polarity storage tank electrolyte flow out finish when), the next electrolyte just pump to first
Inside upper both positive and negative polarity storage tank, then according to needed for system, directly discharged, in the process, close, open first upper
Electromagnetic valve v2, v5 in pipeline between both positive and negative polarity storage tank and the second upper both positive and negative polarity storage tank, when electric discharge is completely (by detection electricity
Pressure) electrolyte detected by pressure transducer when need to pump, then start, to upper pumping, successively according to discharge and recharge needs, enter
Line period operates.If system temporarily do not need discharge, close electromagnetic valve, wait need electric discharge when, automatically open up, put
Electrically operated.
By two upper first and second both positive and negative polarity storage tanks, allow the electric discharge electrolyte of positive pole or charging electrolyte thoroughly
Separately, it is to avoid mixing, specifically to be illustrated with a complete discharge and recharge, when charging, in the situation controlling flow and electric current
Under, rely on action of gravity, flow into the mixed liquor that the electrolyte inside the next positive pole tank is four pentavalents or pentavalent, negative pole is two trivalents
Or bivalence, now, if starting to discharge, need to rely on pump to pump into the next electrolyte the next electrolyte quickly upper another
Inside an outer negative or positive electrode storage tank, two storage tanks of upper employing, one of them is equivalent to stock solution storage tank, and another one is
Liquid storage tank after reaction.
By using upper first and second both positive and negative polarity storage tanks, when being discharged, the next electrolyte can be substantially all
Pump into inside the upper another one jar different with reactant liquor, the electrolyte inside upper reaction flow container (storage tank) does not have substantially
Sometimes, in the presence of detecting system, electromagnetic valve can be opened, quickly add to inside reaction flow container.
Increase by two sets of both positive and negative polarity storage tanks respectively, wherein two sets of both positive and negative polarity storage tanks are placed on a high position, the outlet of storage tank is higher than electricity
Heap is suitable for reading to be inlet, is acted on by natural gravity, and both positive and negative polarity electrolyte passes through Valve controlling respectively, uniformly in pile pile
Flow inside system and react, out, the electrolyte being charged to full electricity flows into inside the storage tank of low level, so mouth from pile
Using acid-proof pump, the both positive and negative polarity electrolyte being charged to full electricity is pumped into inside the other storage tank of a high position afterwards, and using solenoid valve control and
The feed liquor of pile, whole system completes to charge, and the electrolyte charging to full electricity pumps into inside the storage tank of a high position completely.During electric discharge,
Then rely on action of gravity, open valve, electrolyte completes to discharge by stack system, after electric discharge completely, then electrolyte pump again
Enter in high-order tank body；
The solution of the present invention makes pump during whole charge and discharge cycles, only the charge or discharge stage using so that
The power consumption fall 40-45% of pump, substantially increases the service life of pump；Meanwhile, in this kind of charge and discharge process so that charge or
Electric discharge completely, fully charged, do not use in a short time during, the electrolyte of full electricity, the loss of system self discharge inside pile
It is only the 10% about of traditional energy-storage system；Meanwhile, in actual enforcement, stack system and low level storage tank can be placed on ground
Lower so that system is not taken up an area it is easy to the insulation of system and protection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of all-vanadium redox flow battery system being applied to high-efficiency energy-storage, it includes stack system, above stack system
First upper positive pole storage tank and the second upper positive pole storage tank and the first upper negative pole storage tank and the second upper negative pole storage tank, are located at
The next positive pole storage tank below stack system and the next negative pole storage tank,
Wherein, the outlet of the first upper positive pole storage tank is connected to entering of the second upper positive pole storage tank by being provided with the pipeline of electromagnetic valve
Mouthful, the outlet of the second upper positive pole storage tank connects the positive pole inlet of stack system via the pipeline being provided with electromagnetic valve, on first
The outlet of position negative pole storage tank connects the import of the second upper negative pole storage tank, the second upper negative pole storage by being provided with the pipeline of electromagnetic valve
The outlet of tank connects the negative pole inlet of stack system via the pipeline being provided with electromagnetic valve,
The positive pole liquid outlet of stack system connects the import of the next positive pole storage tank, and the next positive pole storage tank is by being provided with pump and electromagnetic valve
Pipeline connect the first upper positive pole storage tank import,
The negative pole liquid outlet of stack system connects the import of the next negative pole storage tank, and the next negative pole storage tank is by being provided with pump and electromagnetic valve
Pipeline connect the first upper negative pole storage tank import.
2. all-vanadium redox flow battery system according to claim 1, wherein, is applied to the all-vanadium flow battery system of high-efficiency energy-storage
System further includes monitor and detection system, all electromagnetic valves in its control pipeline.
3. all-vanadium redox flow battery system according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the first and second upper both positive and negative polarity storage tanks
Outlet is higher than the inlet of stack system.
4. the all-vanadium redox flow battery system according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein, goes out liquid in the positive pole of stack system
It is provided with battery management system between mouth and negative pole liquid outlet.
5. usage right requires the charging/discharging thereof of the all-vanadium redox flow battery system any one of 1-4, and it includes walking as follows
Rapid:
Positive pole in upper two the second both positive and negative polarity storage tanks separately designing, respectively with the both positive and negative polarity of system by electromagnetic valve come phase
Even, place stack system in middle position, connect a pair the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank respectively in the next placement, when charging；Open simultaneously
Both positive and negative polarity electromagnetic valve, system proceeds by charging, charge completely electrolyte with flowing into the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank about gravity；
When in the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank, liquid level sensor detects storage to electrolyte storage tank, then the first both positive and negative polarity storage tank is to the
Closed electromagnetic valve in the pipeline of two both positive and negative polarity storage tanks, the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank is in the pipeline of the first upper both positive and negative polarity storage tank
Electromagnetic valve is opened, pump automatic, the electrolyte in the next both positive and negative polarity storage tank is pumped into high-order other first respectively positive and negative
In the storage tank of pole；
When charging completely, when that is, in the second both positive and negative polarity storage tank, electrolyte outflow finishes, just pump is upper to first for the next electrolyte
Inside both positive and negative polarity storage tank, then according to needed for system, directly discharged, in the process, close, open first upper positive and negative
The electromagnetic valve in pipeline between pole storage tank and the second upper both positive and negative polarity storage tank, when electric discharge completely electrolyte by pressure transducer
Detect when need to pump, then start, to upper pumping, successively according to discharge and recharge needs, carry out periodical operation.If system is temporary
When do not need discharge, then close electromagnetic valve, wait need electric discharge when, automatically open up, carry out discharge operation.
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| CN201610969219.1A CN106356551B (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | All-vanadium redox flow battery system applied to efficient energy storage |
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| CN108232269A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-06-29 | 广州市泓能五金有限公司 | A kind of electrolyte circulation system of vanadium cell |
| CN108461661A (en) * | 2018-04-22 | 2018-08-28 | 赣州天目领航科技有限公司 | A kind of novel pile vanadium energy storage system |
| CN110212228A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of ship power supply unit comprising iron liquid galvanic battery |
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| CN114566683A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-31 | 南京畅晟能源科技有限公司 | Multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device and testing method thereof |
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| CN110212228A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of ship power supply unit comprising iron liquid galvanic battery |
| CN112415077A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 湖南钒谷新能源技术有限公司 | All-vanadium redox flow battery electrolyte detection method and detection device |
| CN112415077B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-06-10 | 湖南钒谷新能源技术有限公司 | Method for detecting electrolyte of all-vanadium redox flow battery |
| CN114566683A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-31 | 南京畅晟能源科技有限公司 | Multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery cell stack testing device and testing method thereof |
| CN114566683B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2023-08-11 | 南京畅晟能源科技有限公司 | Multifunctional zinc-bromine flow battery pile testing device and testing method thereof |
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