CN106353180B

CN106353180B - Explosion wave simulation device with adjustable positive pressure acting time

Info

Publication number: CN106353180B
Application number: CN201610979715.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程发斌; 王小龙; 王远; 陈小伟; 刘伟
Original assignee: General Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Engineering Physics
Current assignee: General Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Engineering Physics
Priority date: 2016-11-08
Filing date: 2016-11-08
Publication date: 2023-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-08
Also published as: CN106353180A

Abstract

The invention discloses an explosion wave simulation device with adjustable positive pressure acting time, which comprises a main air chamber, an auxiliary air chamber, a piston rod and an explosion wave discharge pipe, wherein the auxiliary air chamber, the main air chamber and the explosion wave discharge pipe are sequentially connected, one end of the piston rod is positioned in the auxiliary air chamber and is provided with a piston, the other end of the piston rod penetrates into the main air chamber and is provided with a sealing cone, the front end of the sealing cone is provided with a membrane breaking cone, the main air chamber is provided with a taper hole leading into the explosion wave discharge pipe, the sealing cone has the same taper structure as the taper hole, the large-diameter opening of the taper hole faces towards the sealing cone, the taper hole is internally provided with a membrane, and the membrane breaking cone is opposite to the membrane. The invention enables the overpressure peak value and the positive pressure action time of the shock wave loaded to the experimental part to be adjustable; the opening and closing time of the high-pressure gas can be controlled by adjusting the movement speed of the piston rod or the length of the rupture cone.

Description

Explosion wave simulation device with adjustable positive pressure acting time

Technical Field

The invention relates to an explosion wave simulation device, in particular to an explosion wave simulation device with adjustable positive pressure acting time.

Background

The blast wave generated by explosion is the most main means in the explosion damage, the explosion blast damage effect is always the main subject in the field of protection engineering, and the laboratory technology is utilized to realize the blast wave simulation under the condition that the prototype nuclear test and the large equivalent conventional weapon test cannot be carried out, so that the blast wave damage is the main means for researching the explosion blast damage.

The simulation of the shock wave load is mainly provided by two methods of field explosive explosion and explosion wave simulation test equipment. The field explosion mainly has the following problems: 1) The requirements on the sites are high, and the approval process is complex; 2) The test results belong to comprehensive effects, and whether the impact wave effect or other effects of explosion are indistinguishable; 3) On-site measurement and recording are difficult.

The blast wave simulation device becomes an effective and widely applied blast shock wave test tool, and the driving mode mainly comprises explosive driving and high-pressure gas driving so as to generate simulated blast shock waves. The basic construction of the blast wave simulation device driven by explosive is basically the same as that of the blast wave simulation device driven by high-pressure gas, and the difference is mainly represented in the driving form.

The traditional shock wave simulation device using compressed air as driving energy adopts the mode of releasing high-pressure gas to a test section to form a plane shock wave type impact test target generated by simulating an explosion environment, and the positive pressure action time of the shock wave is regulated by regulating the gas capacity entering the test section.

There are two ways to release the high pressure gas: one is a way of bursting the membrane, through explosive or utilizing the gas pressure difference, this way is to release the high-pressure gas totally so as to form the shock wave, because the volume, pressure of the main air chamber are already fixed, unable to regulate the gas capacity entering the test section while being experimental, the positive pressure (forward direction) of the simulated shock wave acts for a very long time, and is not adjustable; the other mode is to adopt a quick valve, and control the air flow of high-pressure gas through quick opening and closing of the valve, so that the positive pressure action time of the shock wave can be controlled theoretically, but the response time of the valve cannot be very short, so that the opening and closing response time of the valve which can be checked at present is tens of milliseconds, the valve is very expensive, and the requirement cannot be met for shock wave tests which require shorter positive pressure action time (millimeter level of opening and closing time). Therefore, the existing shock wave simulation device has the defects of non-adjustable shock wave positive pressure acting time or limited adjusting range due to the limitation of the implementation mode or equipment capacity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provide an explosion wave simulation device with adjustable pressure acting time.

The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a positive pressure action time adjustable blast wave analogue means, includes main air chamber, assists air chamber, piston rod and blast wave calandria, assist the air chamber main air chamber with the blast wave calandria connects gradually, piston rod one end is located assist in the air chamber and be provided with the piston, the other end of piston rod penetrates in the main air chamber and be provided with sealed awl, sealed awl's front end is provided with rupture of membranes awl, main air chamber is provided with and accesss to the taper hole in the blast wave calandria, sealed awl with the tapering structure of taper hole is the same, the big footpath mouth orientation of taper hole sealed awl, be provided with the diaphragm in the taper hole, rupture of membranes awl just to the diaphragm.

Preferably, the auxiliary air chamber and the main air chamber, and the main air chamber and the explosion wave duct are all fixed through flange structures.

Preferably, the piston rod, the sealing cone and the rupture cone are located on the same central axis.

Preferably, the explosion wave tube comprises an expansion section and a test section, the expansion section is of a conical tube structure, a large-diameter opening of the expansion section is welded with the test section, and a small-diameter opening of the expansion section is in butt joint with a conical hole of the main air chamber through a straight tube.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the piston type release mechanism is adopted to release high-pressure gas, so that explosion simulation shock waves are generated, and the structure is simple; in the process of forming the impact waveform, the air flow entering the gun barrel is controlled through the rupture cone and the sealing cone of the piston rod, and different explosion impact waveforms can be simulated according to test requirements; the piston rod, the sealing cone and the membrane breaking cone move together in the same direction, so that high-pressure gas can be quickly opened and closed, the shock wave generated by actual explosion is more approximately simulated, and the positive pressure action time of the simulated shock wave is effectively controlled; the opening and closing time (reaching millisecond level) of the high-pressure gas can be controlled by adjusting the movement speed of the piston rod or the length of the rupture cone, so as to realize the control of the positive pressure action time of the shock wave.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosive wave simulation device according to the present invention;

in the figure: the device comprises a 1-auxiliary air chamber, a 2-main air chamber, a 3-piston rod, a 4-sealing cone, a 5-membrane rupture cone, a 6-cone hole, a 7-membrane, an 8-explosion wave tube, a 9-expansion section, a 10-test section and an 11-piston.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1, the invention comprises a main air chamber 2, an auxiliary air chamber 1, a piston rod 3 and an explosion wave discharge pipe 8, wherein the auxiliary air chamber 1, the main air chamber 2 and the explosion wave discharge pipe 8 are sequentially connected, one end of the piston rod 3 is positioned in the auxiliary air chamber 1 and is provided with a piston 11, the other end of the piston rod 3 penetrates into the main air chamber 2 and is provided with a sealing cone 4, the front end of the sealing cone 4 is provided with a rupture cone 5, the main air chamber 2 is provided with a taper hole 6 leading into the explosion wave discharge pipe 8, the taper structure of the sealing cone 4 is the same as that of the taper hole 6, the large-diameter opening of the taper hole 6 faces the sealing cone 4, the taper hole 6 is internally provided with a diaphragm 7, and the rupture cone 5 is opposite to the diaphragm 7.

Wherein the main air chamber 2 is used as a driver, and high-pressure air is filled as driving energy; the auxiliary air chamber 1 is filled with high-pressure air with certain pressure and is used for driving the piston rod 3 to move left and right; the piston rod 3 is positioned in the main air chamber 1 and the auxiliary air chamber 1, can move left and right in the air chamber, and realizes the release and closing of high-pressure gas through the membrane breaking cone 5 and the sealing cone 4, thereby realizing the simulation of shock waves; the expansion section 9 and the test section 10 are used for the formation and testing of shock waves.

In order to facilitate disassembly, the auxiliary air chamber 1 and the main air chamber 2 and the explosion wave tube 8 are fixed through flange structures.

The piston rod 3, the sealing cone 4 and the rupture cone 5 are positioned on the same central axis.

The explosion wave tube 8 comprises an expansion section 9 and a test section 10, wherein the expansion section 9 is of a conical tube structure, a large-diameter opening of the expansion section 9 is welded with the test section 10, and a small-diameter opening of the expansion section 9 is in butt joint with the conical hole 6 of the main air chamber 2 through a straight tube.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the blast wave simulation device is based on a shock tube theory, takes compressed air as driving energy, adopts air cannon principle design, forms a blast wave propagating in the horizontal direction through instantaneously released high-pressure gas, advances along an expansion section 9 to reach a test section 10, forms a relatively uniform blast wave surface load in the test section 10, and realizes the simulation of the blast wave after being loaded to a test piece.

Before the test, high-pressure gas is introduced into the main air chamber 2 and the auxiliary air chamber 1 until the air pressure reaches a preset air pressure value. During the test, the space of the auxiliary air chamber 1 on the right side of the piston 11 in the figure is rapidly exhausted, a pressure difference is formed in the cavities of the auxiliary air chambers 1 on the left side and the right side of the piston 11, the piston rod 3 rapidly moves to the right side (front) under the action of the pressure difference, firstly, the rupture cone 5 at the forefront end of the piston rod 3 collides with the diaphragm 7, the diaphragm 7 is ruptured under the action of impact force, high-pressure air in the main air chamber 2 is instantaneously released through the cone hole 6, and reaches the test section 10 through the expansion section 9 to form shock waves, so that the test process is realized. When the piston rod 3 continues to move rightwards, the sealing cone 4 on the piston rod 3 blocks the air outlet cone hole 6 of the main air chamber 2, and high-pressure air flow is prevented from being continuously released to the expansion section 9, so that the control of the positive pressure acting time of the shock wave is realized.

The control of the impact wave stamping peak value can be realized by filling different pressures in the main air chamber 2, and the impact wave positive pressure action time is realized by controlling the high-pressure air flow, namely the time from the rupture of the diaphragm 7 to the blocking of the taper hole 6 can be realized in two ways: 1) Through designing membrane rupture cones 5 with different lengths; 2) Under the condition that the length of the rupture cone 5 is unchanged, the movement speed of the piston rod 3, namely the pressure difference of the cavities of the auxiliary air chambers 1 at the two sides of the piston 11 in the high-pressure air release process, can be regulated; by filling different pressures in the main air chamber 2, the control of different stamping peaks of the simulation device can be realized.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a positive pressure action time adjustable blast wave analogue means which characterized in that: the device comprises a main air chamber, an auxiliary air chamber, a piston rod and an explosion wave tube, wherein the auxiliary air chamber, the main air chamber and the explosion wave tube are sequentially connected, one end of the piston rod is positioned in the auxiliary air chamber and is provided with a piston, the other end of the piston rod penetrates into the main air chamber and is provided with a sealing cone, the front end of the sealing cone is provided with a membrane breaking cone, the main air chamber is provided with a cone hole leading into the explosion wave tube, the sealing cone has the same taper structure as the cone hole, the large diameter opening of the cone hole faces the sealing cone, a membrane is arranged in the cone hole, and the membrane breaking cone is opposite to the membrane; the gas chamber is internally provided with high-pressure gas; differential pressure gas is arranged in auxiliary air chamber cavities at two sides of the piston in the auxiliary air chamber, and is used for pushing the piston to move; in the process of releasing high-pressure gas in the main gas chamber, the pressure difference of the auxiliary gas chamber cavities at two sides of the piston is adjusted to adjust the speed of the piston rod extending into the main gas chamber and the sealing matching time of the sealing cone and the cone hole so as to realize the control of the positive pressure action time of the shock wave.

2. The positive pressure time-of-application adjustable blast wave simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary air chamber is fixed with the main air chamber and the main air chamber is fixed with the explosion wave tube through flange structures.

3. The positive pressure time-of-application adjustable blast wave simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the piston rod, the sealing cone and the membrane breaking cone are positioned on the same central axis.

4. The positive pressure time-of-application adjustable blast wave simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the explosion wave tube comprises an expansion section and a test section, wherein the expansion section is of a conical tube structure, a large-diameter opening of the expansion section is welded with the test section, and a small-diameter opening of the expansion section is in butt joint with a conical hole of the main air chamber through a straight tube.