CN109342655A - A kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating - Google Patents

A kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109342655A
CN109342655A CN201811190553.2A CN201811190553A CN109342655A CN 109342655 A CN109342655 A CN 109342655A CN 201811190553 A CN201811190553 A CN 201811190553A CN 109342655 A CN109342655 A CN 109342655A
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generating device
section
simulating
drive section
experimental system
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CN201811190553.2A
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Inventor
付明
陈先锋
李乾
张英
李亚运
郑昕
翁文国
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Hefei Institute for Public Safety Research Tsinghua University
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Hefei Institute for Public Safety Research Tsinghua University
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Priority to CN201811190553.2A priority Critical patent/CN109342655A/en
Publication of CN109342655A publication Critical patent/CN109342655A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to disaster environment simulation system fields; more particularly to a kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating; the experimental system for simulating includes blast impulse wave generating device, the high temperature of fire generating device being arranged in the middle part of pipeline and toxic gas/particle environments generating device that pipeline one end is arranged in, and test section of the pipeline at high temperature of fire generating device and toxic gas/particle environments generating device as experimental system for simulating is arranged.The advantages of invention, is: providing a kind of disaster experimental situation of plyability; the present invention passes through blast impulse wave generating device, high temperature of fire emitter, toxic gas/particle environments generating device on pipeline; to simulate the compound disaster environment of shock wave, noxious material, high temperature; to study injury of human mechanism and individual protection technical need under the hot compound disaster environment of poison; it selects jury rig appropriate to provide guidance for harmful influence practitioner, is finally reached the purpose of protection people's life safety.

Description

A kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating
Technical field
The present invention relates to disaster environment simulation system field, especially a kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating.
Background technique
Harmful influence production, storage, transport, in use process, due to Unsafe behavior, object unsafe condition and The environmental factor that can not resist is easy to happen harmful influence leakage accident.If harmful influence itself has the characteristics that flammable, leakage process In easily form the compound disaster environment of fire, explosion, noxious material.
Human body burn mortality risk assessment system in a kind of fire hazard environment disclosed in Hefei public safety research institute of Tsinghua University System and method (application number: CN201610298559.6);No.3 Hospital Attached to No.3 Military Medical Univ., P.L.A. discloses For the external artificial ear drum test device (application number: CN201120063412.1) under explosion wave environment.The above system System is with method for studying injury of human mechanism and injury Severity under single disaster environment.
Existing research of the individual protection technology based on single factor test pathogenesis is not able to satisfy under compound disaster environment individual Protection requirements.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art described above, for this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of hot malicious disaster environment simulation Experimental system.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating, the explosion wave including pipeline one end is arranged in fill High temperature of fire generating device and toxic gas/the particle environments generating device set, being arranged in the middle part of pipeline, setting high temperature of fire are sent out Test section of the pipeline as experimental system for simulating at generating apparatus and toxic gas/particle environments generating device.
Optimization, the tail portion of the pipeline is provided with wave absorber.
Optimization, support construction is provided with below the pipeline, the support construction is arranged on the slide rail, support construction Lower end is provided with and the matched moving parts of sliding rail.
Optimization, the blast impulse generating device is arranged in the drive section of pipeline, and the setting of drive section rear is driven Section, drive section are connected with by drive section by pressing from both sides membrane structure, and the blast impulse wave generating device includes being arranged in drive section one The igniter at end, the sandwiched film mechanism that the drive section other end is set and the explosion material being filled in drive section, the folder film Venting of dust explosion film is provided in structural mechanism.Optimization, the drive section upstream end is sealed by blank flange, and ignition mechanism setting exists It drives on segment pipe at blank flange.Optimization, it is described that horn-like expansion is provided between drive section and test section Section, the drive section, by drive section, expansion segment close to identical by the internal diameter of one end of drive section, the expansion segment is far from being driven The diameter of one end of dynamic section is greater than by the diameter of drive section one end.
Optimization, the high temperature of fire generating device and toxic gas/particle environments generating device are oppositely arranged, the examination It tests in section and is provided with radiant panel mounting flange and poison gas dispatching flange, high temperature of fire generating device is to be fixed on radiant panel Method for Installation Radiant panel on orchid, toxic gas/particle environments generating device are that poison gas dispenses the external experiment gas supplemental parts of flange.
Optimization, wave absorption section is arranged in the test section rear end, and wave absorber, the wave absorber packet is arranged in wave absorption intersegmental part Include wave absorption plate, the wave absorption plate perpendicular to the air-flow direction of propagation setting in wave absorption section, be provided with gas supply on the wave absorption plate Flow across multiple grid holes, the edge side face of the wave absorption plate is fitted in the inner sidewall of wave absorption section.
Optimization, the wave absorber further includes fixed link, and the length direction of fixed link is parallel with the air-flow direction of propagation, institute Stating wave absorption plate is muti-piece, and muti-piece wave absorption plate is sequentially fixed in fixed link.
Optimization, from the grid bore dia on the wave absorption plate to the wave absorption plate far from test section of close test section in fixed link It is sequentially reduced.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) present invention provides a kind of disaster experimental situation of plyability, the present invention by pipeline explosion wave send out Generating apparatus, high temperature of fire emitter, toxic gas/particle environments generating device, to simulate shock wave, noxious material, height The hybird environment of temperature, to study injury of human mechanism and individual protection technical need under the hot compound disaster environment of poison, for danger Change product practitioner selects jury rig appropriate to provide guidance, is finally reached the purpose of protection people's life safety.
(2) wave absorber is the air-flow momentum and shock wave energy after decay test, and the structure of experimental system is avoided to be damaged It is bad.
(3) when shock wave reaches wave absorption section least significant end, if energy still exists, at this point, energy may drive entire system System moves on the slide rail, to reduce the damage for offseting wave band least significant end.And since venting of dust explosion film is required to after each experiment Replacement facilitates drive section and is separated by drive section after dismantling folder membrane structure, and when connection also can guarantee point-blank, convenient Connection.
(4) setting for pressing from both sides venting of dust explosion film in membrane structure is that pipeline, fuel gas are filled in for isolation drive section and downstream In drive section, system first passes through venting of dust explosion film by the energy storage of shock wave in drive section, when pressure reaches venting of dust explosion in drive section When film Rupture of Membrane pressure, the rupture of venting of dust explosion film, all energy discharge together, to obtain the impact of enough energy within a short period of time Wave.
(5) end face of drive section upstream end is sealed by blank flange, and ignition mechanism setting is close on drive section official road At seal face, detonation direction of wave travel is identical with the air-flow direction of propagation after igniting, to detonation driven before realizing, compared to reversed Detonation driven mode, forward direction detonation driven can produce bigger superpressure value, involve shock wave coupling other factors in impact and cause injury reality Have the advantages that superpressure range is wider array of in testing.
(6) after the rupture of venting of dust explosion film, the chemical reaction for generating shock wave may be also not finished, by the material one that explodes in drive section Side reaction, the shock wave of generation continue to propagate, and the energy of shock wave persistently increases.Drive section and by the diameter of drive section less than examination The diameter of section is tested, the energy in unit volume is larger, can reduce the time that shock wave reaches setting value in this way.
(7) high temperature of fire generating device and toxic gas/particle environments generating device are set directly at test section, in this way Temperature and toxic gas/granule density will not change numerical value because of transmission, ensure that the accuracy of data.
(8) play the role of wave absorption by the way that multiple grid holes are arranged on wave absorption plate.
(9) wave absorber is by being arranged multiple wave absorption plates in fixed link, and the grid bore dia on multiple wave absorption plates by It is decrescence small, carry out the energy of reduction shock wave step by step.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of main view of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of drive section in a kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of radiant panel in a kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of cross-sectional view of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating test section of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of structure chart of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating wave absorber of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a kind of structure chart of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating wave absorption plate of the present invention.
The meaning of label symbol is as follows in figure:
11- drive section 12- is by drive section 13- expansion segment
14- test section 141- radiant panel mounting flange 142- poison gas dispenses flange 15- wave absorption section
21- ignition mechanism 22- high temperature of fire generating device 221- radiant panel
23- toxic gas/particle environments generating device
241- wave absorption plate 2411- grid hole 2412- fixation hole 242- fixed link
25- presss from both sides membrane structure
3- support construction 4- sliding rail
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating, including pipeline, pipeline are successively divided into drive section 11, by drive section 12, horn-like expansion segment 13, test section 14, wave absorption section 15.The internal diameter of the drive section 11, by drive section 12 internal diameter, expansion segment 13 are close to all the same by the internal diameter of one end of drive section 12, and expansion segment 13 is far from by the one of drive section 12 The diameter at end is greater than by the diameter of 12 one end of drive section.Drive section 11 and by drive section 12 by press from both sides membrane structure 25 connect, it is described Venting of dust explosion film is provided in folder membrane structure 25.Expansion segment 13 and test section 14, test section 14 and wave absorption section 15 pass through flanged joint, Flange connections are provided with sealing ring, to improve the experimental situation stability of simulated experiment.
Experimental system for simulating further includes the blast impulse wave generating device being arranged in drive section 11, is arranged in test section 14 On high temperature of fire generating device 22 and toxic gas/particle environments generating device 23, the wave absorption that is arranged in inside wave absorption section 15 Device, pipeline lower section are additionally provided with support construction 3, and support construction 3 is arranged on sliding rail 4, and the lower end of support construction 3 is provided with With the matched moving parts of sliding rail 4.In this embodiment, moving parts is idler wheel.
Blast impulse wave generating device, high temperature of fire generating device 22, toxic gas/particle environments generating device 23 can be single Solely work when three works independently, can realize that explosion wave, high temperature of fire, toxic gas/particle are caused injury environment respectively.When Common work both in blast impulse wave generating device, high temperature of fire generating device 22, toxic gas/particle environments generating device 23 When making, high temperature of fire and the compound environment of causing injury of explosion wave, explosion wave and toxic gas/Particles dispersed can be realized respectively It causes injury environment and high temperature of fire and toxic gas/Particles dispersed is caused injury environment.It is high to blast impulse wave generating device, fire below Warm generating device 22, toxic gas/particle environments generating device 23, wave absorber are described in detail.
1, blast impulse wave generating device
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the blast impulse wave generating device includes the igniting that 11 input end of drive section is arranged in Mechanism 21, the sandwiched film mechanism 210 that 11 output end of drive section is set and the explosion material being filled in drive section 11.The explosive Material is combustible gas/air (oxygen) mixed gas of the corresponding equivalent proportion configured according to shock wave size.The drive section 11 The end face of upstream end is blind plate sealing flange, and ignition mechanism 21 is arranged on drive section pipeline at the upstream face, realize to Preceding detonation driven mode.When ignition mechanism 21 setting drive section 11 close to folder 25 end of membrane structure, realize reversed detonation driven, phase Compared with reversed detonation driven mode, forward direction detonation driven mode can produce bigger superpressure value, involves shock wave in impact and couples it His factor cause injury experiment in have the advantages that superpressure range is wider array of.
Drive section 11 be long L1, internal diameter D1, the round tube of wall thickness δ 1, drive section 11 with by 12 junction of drive section be arranged let out Quick-fried film is filled with the fuel gas and oxygen (air) of certain equivalent proportion into drive section 11, as hydrogen/oxygen (air), methane/ Oxygen (air), hydrogen/methane/oxygen (air), the detonation wave that mixed gas generates after being ignited are broken through after venting of dust explosion film in quilt Shock wave is generated in drive section 12, high pressure draught is by the acceleration of expansion segment 13 in the target body in test section 14, building Explosion wave is caused injury environment.The adjusting of positive pressure of shock wave size can be by changing mixed gas in drive section 11 in test section 14 Primary condition (such as gas component, initial pressure, initial temperature) and change 11 pipeline condition of drive section (if any clear, Blockage ratio, obstacle spacing, barrier number etc.).
2, high temperature of fire generating device 22 and toxic gas/particle environments generating device 23
As shown in figure 1, figure 3 and figure 4, the high temperature of fire generating device 22 and toxic gas/particle environments generating device 23 It is oppositely arranged, radiant panel mounting flange 141 and poison gas dispatching flange 142 is provided on the test section 14, high temperature of fire occurs Device 22 is the radiant panel 221 being fixed on radiant panel mounting flange 141, and toxic gas/particle environments generating device 23 is poison Gas dispenses the external experiment gas supplemental parts of flange 142.The gas that gas supplemental parts fill into is search gas/tracer Grain arranges that gas/particle concentration sensor monitors search gas/particle dispersal behavior in test section 14, in test section 14 Toxic gas/particle concentration can be realized by way of regulating gas/particle generator flow.Wherein radiant panel mounting flange After installing radiant panel 221 on 141, the position at radiant panel mounting flange 141 is sealing state, and in this embodiment, system is also Including high temperature resistant, impact-resistant cable, after the fixed radiant panel 221 of radiant panel mounting flange 141, it need to guarantee that radiant panel 221 is rushing Hitting under the Overpressure of wave keeps structure and function complete, it is ensured that the airtightness of experimental system for simulating.Temperature at target body Adjusting can be realized by changing the modes such as 221 heating power of radiant panel.The present invention only protects the hot malicious disaster environment simulation real The device or physical platform that the mechanical part of check system is constituted, without regard to control section therein and software section.
14 main part of test section is long L2, internal diameter D2, wall thickness δ2Round tube, test section 14 and the fire being arranged thereon are high Warm generating device 22 and toxic gas/particle environments generating device 23 realize high temperature of fire environment and toxic gas/particle environments Building, in this embodiment, target body be fixed on radiant panel mounting flange 141 and poison gas dispatching flange 142 between.
3, wave absorber
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the wave absorber includes muti-piece wave absorption plate 241, fixed link 242, the wave absorption plate 241 perpendicular to the air-flow direction of propagation setting in wave absorption section 15, the length direction of fixed link 242 and the air-flow direction of propagation are flat Row, muti-piece wave absorption plate 241 are sequentially fixed in fixed link 242, the fixation that fixed link 242 passes through 241 center of wave absorption plate and edge Hole 2412 connects multilayer wave absorption plate 241, limits multiple wave absorption plates 241 and individually generates axial displacement and edge along fixed link 242 The rotation of 241 circumference of wave absorption plate.Be provided on the wave absorption plate 241 gas supply stream across multiple circular grid holes 2411, institute The edge side face for stating wave absorption plate 241 is fitted in the inner sidewall of wave absorption section 15.Wave absorption plate 241 is 3 pieces in this embodiment.Fixed link Successively subtract on 242 from the grid hole 2411 on the wave absorption plate 241 to the wave absorption plate 241 far from test section 14 of close test section 14 It is small.The advantages of being gradually reduced along the aperture of air-flow direction of propagation grid hole 2411 is: large aperture wave absorption plate 241 passes through area Greatly, air-flow reflection can be reduced, interference of the reflected gas stream to test section 14 is avoided;The aperture of grid hole 2411, which is gradually reduced, to increase Air-flow by when damped coefficient, consume flowed energy and momentum, reduce the structural loads of 15 downstream closed end of wave absorption section, keep away The structure for exempting from experimental system is destroyed.
The system it is preceding break through diaphragm to the detonation wave generated by way of detonation driven after, act in test section 14 Target body constructs explosion disaster environment;The main element of high temperature of fire generating device 22 is to be laid on 14 target body of test section The radiant panel 221 of side;Toxic gas/particle environments by 14 poison gas of test section dispense 142 preformed hole of flange spray into search gas/ Particle is realized;Wave absorber uses wave absorption plate 241 in experimental system for simulating, gradually along air-flow direction of propagation arrangement several layers aperture Reduced wave absorption plate 241, weakens high pressure draught successively, while utmostly avoiding interference of the reflected gas stream to test section 14.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the invention, are not intended to limit the invention creation, all in the present invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the guarantor of the invention within the spirit and principle of creation Within the scope of shield.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating, which is characterized in that the blast impulse including pipeline one end is arranged in Wave generating device, the high temperature of fire generating device (22) being arranged in the middle part of pipeline and toxic gas/particle environments generating device (23), the pipeline at high temperature of fire generating device (22) and toxic gas/particle environments generating device (23) is set as simulation The test section (14) of experimental system.
2. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pipeline Tail portion is provided with wave absorber.
3. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 1, which is characterized in that under the pipeline Side is provided with support construction (3), and the support construction (3) is arranged on sliding rail (4), and the lower end of support construction (3) is provided with With sliding rail (4) matched moving parts.
4. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the explosion punching Fire generating apparatus be pipeline drive section (11), drive section (11) rear be provided with by drive section (12), drive section (11) and by For drive section (12) by folder membrane structure (25) connection, the blast impulse wave generating device includes the point that drive section one end is arranged in Fiery device (21), the explosion material that the sandwiched film mechanism of the drive section other end is set and is filled in drive section (11), the folder Venting of dust explosion film is provided in membrane structure (25) mechanism.
5. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the drive section (11) upstream end is sealed by blank flange, and ignition mechanism (21) setting is on driving segment pipe at blank flange.
6. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described to be driven Section (12) and test section (14) between be provided with horn-like expansion segment (13), the drive section (11), by drive section (12), expansion Section (13) are opened close to, the expansion segment (13) separate one end by drive section (12) identical by the internal diameter of one end of drive section (12) Diameter be greater than by the diameter of drive section (12) one end.
7. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fire is high Warm generating device (22) and toxic gas/particle environments generating device (23) are oppositely arranged, and are provided on the test section (14) Radiant panel mounting flange (141) and poison gas dispatching flange (142), high temperature of fire generating device (22) are to be fixed on radiant panel installation Radiant panel (221) on flange (141), toxic gas/particle environments generating device (23) are that poison gas dispatching flange (142) is external Experiment gas supplemental parts.
8. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the test section (14) rear end setting wave absorption section (15), wave absorption section (15) is internal to be arranged wave absorber, and the wave absorber includes wave absorption plate (241), the wave absorption plate (241) is arranged in wave absorption section (15) perpendicular to the air-flow direction of propagation, sets on the wave absorption plate (241) Be equipped with gas supply stream across multiple grid holes (2411), the edge side face of the wave absorption plate (241) is fitted in wave absorption section (15) Inner sidewall.
9. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the wave absorption dress Setting further includes fixed link (242), and the length direction of fixed link (242) is parallel with the air-flow direction of propagation, and the wave absorption plate (241) is Muti-piece, muti-piece wave absorption plate (241) are sequentially fixed on fixed link (242).
10. the hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating of one kind according to claim 9, which is characterized in that fixed link (242) from the grid hole on the wave absorption plate (241) to the wave absorption plate (241) far from test section (14) of close test section (14) on (2411) diameter is sequentially reduced.
CN201811190553.2A 2018-10-12 2018-10-12 A kind of hot malicious disaster environment experimental system for simulating Pending CN109342655A (en)

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