CN110960823B - Fire-fighting emergency simulation training device for hydrogen fuel cell automobile - Google Patents
Fire-fighting emergency simulation training device for hydrogen fuel cell automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110960823B CN110960823B CN201911166348.7A CN201911166348A CN110960823B CN 110960823 B CN110960823 B CN 110960823B CN 201911166348 A CN201911166348 A CN 201911166348A CN 110960823 B CN110960823 B CN 110960823B
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 108010066114 cabin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 108010066278 cabin-4 Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0081—Training methods or equipment for fire-fighting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fire-fighting emergency simulation training device of a hydrogen fuel cell automobile, which comprises a simulation automobile body, wherein the simulation automobile body is divided into three cabins of a pile cabin, a passenger cabin and a luggage cabin from front to back, a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port and a burner are respectively arranged in each cabin close to the bottom of the cabin body, and each cabin is connected with an external hydrogen supply system through a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline with a gate valve; hydrogen concentration sensors are uniformly arranged from the high-pressure hydrogen leakage port in each cabin to the upper end of the cabin, and are electrically connected with an external controller to measure the hydrogen concentration distribution in the cabin in real time; an igniter for igniting the explosion hydrogen cloud is arranged in each cabin, and the igniter is electrically connected with an external controller; and each cabin is also provided with a pressure release window for releasing the explosion impact pressure of the hydrogen cloud. The product of the invention can be repeatedly used, is convenient to move and occupies small area; the operation is simple, the device can adapt to various training environments, and is favorable for improving the rescue capability of the HFCV fire accidents.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fire safety training device, in particular to a fire emergency simulation training device for a hydrogen fuel cell automobile, which is suitable for an automobile enterprise or a fire department to develop emergency rescue and exercise of fire and explosion accidents of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell automobile HFCV uses hydrogen as vehicle-mounted energy, converts chemical energy of the hydrogen and air into electric energy through a proton exchange membrane to drive the automobile, has the advantages of zero emission, high energy conversion efficiency and the like, and is a strategic direction of the strong propulsion development in the field of new energy automobiles. Along with successive publishing of a fuel-off-the-shelf fuel-oil vehicle schedule in countries around the world, the replacement of the traditional fuel-oil vehicle by new energy is a trend, and compared with a pure electric vehicle, the hydrogen fuel-oil battery vehicle has the advantages of long endurance mileage, short hydrogenation time and the like.
The hydrogen has the characteristics of limited width of explosion (volume concentration is 4.0-75.6%), low minimum ignition energy (0.02 mJ), high flame propagation speed, high explosion intensity and the like, and the hydrogen has a hydrogen embrittlement effect on metal materials. Typical hydrogen accident situations include accidental leakage and diffusion, jet combustion (or spontaneous combustion), deflagration, explosion and the like, and sparks, high-temperature smoke and the like caused by friction impact or static electricity can cause the combustion of hydrogen jet and even the explosion of hydrogen cloud, so that the hydrogen flame is colorless and not easy to be perceived, and has higher fire hazard; the high-velocity detonation wave generated by the detonation of hydrogen can produce a great impact on the environment outside the combustion area, accompanied by rapid propagation of the high-temperature gas. How to effectively inhibit high-pressure hydrogen jet fire, prevent the leakage hydrogen from being widely diffused and accumulated to generate explosion accidents, and protect the life and property safety of personnel is an important safety subject for researching new energy hydrogen fuel automobiles. With future large-scale operation of fuel cell automobiles, high-pressure hydrogen leakage jet fire and explosion emergency treatment are difficult problems to be solved in the large-scale development of the fuel cell automobiles, and intensive research and discussion are needed.
Therefore, how to perform fire emergency simulation training on a hydrogen fuel cell automobile is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the fire-fighting emergency rescue simulation training device for the hydrogen fuel cell automobile can realize high-pressure hydrogen leakage diffusion, jet combustion and gas cloud explosion accident simulation of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, develop fire and explosion accident emergency rescue simulation training of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, be favorable for dividing explosion-proof areas, formulating accident prevention control measures and the like, improve the fire-fighting safety level of the demonstration operation area of the fuel cell automobile, guide and establish a complete fire-fighting safety guarantee system of the system, and provide basic data and theoretical support for the safety development of the HFCV industry and the formulation of fire emergency rescue standards of the fuel automobile.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the fire-fighting emergency simulation training device of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile comprises a simulation automobile body 1, wherein the simulation automobile body 1 is divided into a pile cabin 2, a passenger cabin 3 and a luggage cabin 4 from front to back, a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port 7 and a burner are respectively arranged in each cabin close to the bottom of the cabin, and each cabin is connected with an external hydrogen supply system through a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10 with a gate valve 8; a hydrogen concentration sensor 6 is uniformly arranged from a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port 7 to the upper end of the cabin in each cabin, the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 is electrically connected with an external controller, and the hydrogen concentration distribution in the cabin is measured in real time; an igniter 9 for igniting the explosion hydrogen cloud is arranged in each cabin, and the igniter 9 is electrically connected with an external controller; each cabin is also provided with a pressure release window 5 for releasing the explosion impact pressure of the hydrogen cloud.
Preferably, the pressure relief window 5 is provided at the top of each cabin.
Preferably, the gate valve 8 is an electromagnetic control valve and is electrically connected to a controller.
Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell automobile fire emergency simulation training device is in the shape of a car model.
The application method of the fire emergency simulation training device for the hydrogen fuel cell automobile simulates the situation that when a hydrogen storage system of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile leaks: opening a gate valve 8, enabling hydrogen of an external hydrogen supply system to enter a pile cabin 2, a passenger cabin 3 and a luggage cabin 4 through a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10, forming hydrogen leakage in an automobile cabin through a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port 7, and adopting a hydrogen concentration sensor 6 to examine the hydrogen leakage diffusion condition so as to simulate the hydrogen leakage in the automobile cabin; when the jet combustion of high-pressure hydrogen leakage of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is simulated: the external hydrogen passes through the gate valve 8 through the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10 to reach the high-pressure hydrogen leakage port 7 and the burner, the burner ignites the leaked high-pressure hydrogen to form high-pressure hydrogen jet combustion flame, and the high-pressure hydrogen leakage jet fire simulation of the automobile cabin is realized; when the high-pressure hydrogen leakage gas cloud explosion accident scene of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is simulated and fire emergency rescue is carried out: the leaked high-pressure hydrogen through the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10, the gate valve 8 and the high-pressure hydrogen leakage port 7 is accumulated in the pile cabin 2, the passenger cabin 3 and the luggage cabin 4, and after reaching the experimental specified hydrogen explosion concentration range, the igniter 9 ignites the explosion hydrogen cloud, and explosion shock waves are sprayed out from the pressure release window 5; and simulating the fire and explosion accident scene of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, and developing the accident fire emergency rescue treatment simulation training.
Preferably, when the hydrogen storage system of the simulated hydrogen fuel cell automobile leaks: the controller collects and counts the data of each monitoring point on the time axis according to the real-time data collection of the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 to form basic data for analysis.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The device can be used for simulating the real fire and explosion scene of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, is suitable for developing emergency rescue exercises of the fire and explosion accident of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile in automobile enterprises, fire departments and the like, and can train related personnel to hold the key points of the effective fire extinguishing technology;
2) The system can simulate the leakage of the hydrogen storage system of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, monitors the concentration distribution of hydrogen in three cabins of the hydrogen fuel leakage in real time, reflects the concentration distribution on a time axis, forms basic data for analysis, and can be used for the practice and the exploration of reliability and the practice and the exploration of fire safety and effects.
3) The method has practical guiding significance for simulating the high-pressure hydrogen leakage gas cloud explosion accident scene of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile and developing fire emergency rescue exercises;
4) The product can be repeatedly used, the movement is convenient, and the occupied area is small;
5) The operation is simple, the device can adapt to various training environments, and is favorable for improving the rescue capability of the HFCV fire accidents.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle fire emergency simulation training apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-simulating a vehicle body; 2-an electric pile cabin; 3-a passenger compartment; 4-luggage compartment; 5-a pressure release window; 6-a hydrogen concentration sensor; 7-a high pressure hydrogen leak; 8-gate valve; 9-an igniter; 10-high pressure hydrogen pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen fuel cell automobile fire-fighting emergency rescue simulation training device is based on a simulated automobile body 1 with a hydrogen corrosion resistant steel structure, wherein a pile cabin 2, a passenger cabin 3 and a luggage cabin 4 which are the same as the actual automobile in tightness are built in the simulated automobile body, and the automobile body and each cabin are made of high-strength steel with good antiknock performance and hydrogen corrosion resistance. A fire-resistant high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10, a pressure relief window 5, a hydrogen concentration sensor 6, a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port 7/a burner, a gate valve 8 and an igniter 9 are respectively arranged in each cabin. The high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10 with the gate valve 8 is connected with an external hydrogen supply system, the gate valve 8 adopts an electromagnetic control valve, hydrogen concentration sensors 6 are uniformly arranged in each cabin from the high-pressure leakage port 7 and the farthest end of the burner to the cabin to measure the hydrogen concentration distribution in the cabin in real time, an igniter 9 is also arranged in each cabin to ignite the explosion hydrogen cloud, and in addition, a pressure release window 5 is also arranged in each cabin to release the explosion impact pressure of the hydrogen cloud.
In the specific implementation, the following three embodiments are respectively implemented:
embodiment one: the hydrogen fuel cell automobile hydrogen storage system leakage scene simulation is carried out, a pile cabin 2, a passenger cabin 3 and a luggage cabin 4 are closed, a gate valve 8 is opened, hydrogen of an external hydrogen supply system enters the pile cabin 2, the passenger cabin 3 and the luggage cabin 4 through a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10, hydrogen leakage in the automobile cabin is formed through a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port/burner 7, the hydrogen leakage diffusion condition is inspected by adopting a hydrogen concentration sensor 6, and the single or multiple automobile cabin hydrogen leakage simulation is realized.
Embodiment two: the high-pressure hydrogen leakage jet flow combustion fire accident scene simulation of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is realized, external hydrogen reaches the high-pressure hydrogen leakage port/burner 7 through the gate valve 8 by the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10, the leakage high-pressure hydrogen is ignited at the high-pressure hydrogen leakage port/burner 7, the high-pressure hydrogen jet flow combustion flame is formed, and the high-pressure hydrogen leakage jet flow fire simulation of a single or a plurality of automobile cabins is realized.
Embodiment III: the high-pressure hydrogen leakage gas cloud explosion accident scene simulation and fire emergency rescue training of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile are carried out, leakage high-pressure hydrogen through a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 10, a gate valve 8 and a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port/burner 7 is accumulated in a pile cabin 2, a passenger cabin 3 and a luggage cabin 4, after the specified hydrogen explosion concentration range is reached, an igniter 9 ignites the explosion hydrogen cloud, and explosion shock waves are sprayed out from a pressure release window 5. The method comprises the steps of simulating fire and explosion accidents of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, and carrying out accident fire emergency rescue treatment simulation training on automobile enterprises and fire department personnel.
The invention is convenient to move and can be repeatedly used, is suitable for carrying out emergency rescue and exercise of hydrogen fuel cell automobile fires and explosion accidents in automobile enterprises, fire departments and the like, and improves the rescue capability of HFCV fires and accidents.
The foregoing are three alternative embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications thereto without departing from the general inventive concept, which changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The application method of the fire emergency simulation training device of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the fire emergency simulation training device of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile comprises a simulation automobile body (1), wherein the simulation automobile body (1) is divided into a pile cabin (2), a passenger cabin (3) and a luggage cabin (4) from front to back, a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port (7) and a burner are respectively arranged in each cabin close to the bottom of the cabin body, and each cabin is connected with an external hydrogen supply system through a high-pressure hydrogen burning resistant pipeline (10) with a gate valve (8);
hydrogen concentration sensors (6) are uniformly arranged from the high-pressure hydrogen leakage ports (7) in each cabin to the upper end of the cabin, and the hydrogen concentration sensors (6) are electrically connected with an external controller to measure the hydrogen concentration distribution in the cabin in real time;
an igniter (9) for igniting the explosion hydrogen cloud is arranged in each cabin, and the igniter (9) is electrically connected with an external controller;
each cabin is also provided with a pressure release window (5) for releasing the explosion impact pressure of the hydrogen cloud;
when the hydrogen storage system of the simulated hydrogen fuel cell automobile leaks: opening a gate valve (8), enabling hydrogen of an external hydrogen supply system to enter a pile cabin (2), a passenger cabin (3) and a luggage cabin (4) through a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (10), forming hydrogen leakage in an automobile cabin through a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port (7), observing hydrogen leakage diffusion conditions by adopting a hydrogen concentration sensor (6), and performing hydrogen leakage simulation in the automobile cabin;
when the jet combustion of high-pressure hydrogen leakage of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is simulated: the external hydrogen passes through a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (10) and a gate valve (8) to reach a high-pressure hydrogen leakage port (7) and a burner, the burner ignites the leaked high-pressure hydrogen to form high-pressure hydrogen jet combustion flame, and the high-pressure hydrogen leakage jet fire simulation of the automobile cabin is realized;
when the high-pressure hydrogen leakage gas cloud explosion accident scene of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is simulated and fire emergency rescue is carried out: the leakage high-pressure hydrogen through the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline (10), the gate valve (8) and the high-pressure hydrogen leakage port (7) is accumulated in the galvanic pile cabin (2), the passenger cabin (3) and the luggage cabin (4), after reaching the experimental specified hydrogen explosion concentration range, the igniter (9) ignites the explosion hydrogen cloud, and the explosion shock wave is sprayed out from the pressure release window (5); and simulating the fire and explosion accident scene of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, and developing the accident fire emergency rescue treatment simulation training.
2. The method for using the hydrogen fuel cell automobile fire emergency simulation training device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the hydrogen storage system of the simulated hydrogen fuel cell automobile leaks: the controller collects and counts the data of each monitoring point on a time axis according to the real-time data collection of the hydrogen concentration sensor (6) to form basic data for analysis.
3. The method for using the hydrogen fuel cell automobile fire emergency simulation training device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pressure relief window (5) is arranged at the top of each cabin.
4. The method for using the hydrogen fuel cell automobile fire emergency simulation training device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the gate valve (8) is an electromagnetic control valve and is electrically connected with the controller.
5. The method for using the hydrogen fuel cell automobile fire emergency simulation training device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hydrogen fuel cell automobile fire emergency simulation training device is in the shape of a car model.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911166348.7A CN110960823B (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Fire-fighting emergency simulation training device for hydrogen fuel cell automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911166348.7A CN110960823B (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Fire-fighting emergency simulation training device for hydrogen fuel cell automobile |
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| CN110960823A CN110960823A (en) | 2020-04-07 |
| CN110960823B true CN110960823B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111982556B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-04-29 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | Hydrogen energy automobile fire simulation and prevention and control experimental method and device |
| CN112857684A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-05-28 | 合肥工业大学 | Private garage hydrogen leakage simulation test device and test method |
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