CN102032994A - Subway carriage fire experiment table - Google Patents
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- CN102032994A CN102032994A CN 201010598821 CN201010598821A CN102032994A CN 102032994 A CN102032994 A CN 102032994A CN 201010598821 CN201010598821 CN 201010598821 CN 201010598821 A CN201010598821 A CN 201010598821A CN 102032994 A CN102032994 A CN 102032994A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a subway carriage fire experiment table. The experiment table is same as a practical subway carriage in structure and is respectively provided with a door and a window at the left and the right; for the length, two ends of the experiment table are respectively provided with a front end door and a rear end door; the top inside the carriage experiment table is uniformly distributed with over three temperature probe strings inside the carriage; the upper part of the front end door is respectively provided with a temperature probe string, a speed probe string, an oxygen concentration probe and a monoxide concentration probe; one side of the exterior of the front end door is provided with a staff gauge; the middle-upper part inside the carriage experiment table is provided with an oxygen concentration probe and a monoxide concentration probe; and a camera system is arranged outside the window at one side of the experiment table. The experiment table is a large experiment table which first comprehensively and systematically researches heat release speed, smoke movement, fire detection and saving and the like of subway carriages, overcomes scale reduction and experiment error caused by a partial model experiment table, and ensures the repeatability of experiments.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fire safety evaluating technical field, be specifically related to the experimental simulation device that fire HRR, flow of flue gas and control system, railway car detection and the system of putting out a fire to save life and property to the subway railway car test.
Background technology
Increasing in recent years subway transportation system and fire safety evaluating problem thereof cause people's extensive concern, large size cities such as China Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen all have many circuits to put into operation at present, and continuing construction, cities such as Hangzhou, Chongqing, Shenyang, Chengdu, Hefei, Harbin had also all started the Construction of Urban Rail Traffic project in the last few years.In the fire problem of subway transportation system, the fire of railway car and flue gas control thereof, detection and putting out a fire to save life and property all becomes the focus that people are concerned about, because in the compartment after the breaking out of fire, the harm that the flue gas that produces brings of in restricted clearance, all can being burnt and burn of the personnel in the compartment.Therefore, fire HRR, the flow of flue gas rule in research subway train compartment, develop its fume control system and survey with the system of putting out a fire to save life and property very meaningful and be necessary for the overall fire safety evaluating of assurance subway transportation system.
Fire HRR and flow of flue gas rule for the subway train compartment, more existing researchists carry out multi-form experimental study both at home and abroad, they according to the characteristics of specific subway system and the purpose that some is predetermined, have carried out the experimental study of different scale respectively.1984, the R. D. Peacock of NBS and E. Braun are subjected to the United States Federal to fall the trust of road bureau and Department of Transportation's door, near Washington, DC State Bureau of Standardization's laboratory needle has been carried out fire test research to the railcar that U.S. Inland Steel used at that time, their used test compartment moulded dimension is that 3.6m(is long) * 2.4m(is wide) * the 2.4m(height), be a kind of experimental study of locality, the fundamental purpose of test is the influence to inner fire spread of research subway carriage interior material and geometry.The nineties in last century, the people such as V.P.Dowling of Australian Union's science and industrial research tissue (CSIRO) adopt a railway car of scrapping to carry out once fairly large fire test, have mainly measured the fire power after the compartment seat catches fire.2009, the SP technical institute of Sweden utilized BF4 model train to carry out the test of research train fire power.When specifically implementing fire test, be subjected to the restriction of size and funds, only certain box of railway car is studied.At the beginning of 21 century, China Sichuan Fire Research Station has been carried out once about the experimental study of train fire behavior, and the moulded dimension that they use is that 5.5m(is long) * 2.8m(is wide) * the 2.4m(height), belong to partial model equally.More than research is because dimensional constraints, focus mostly on and study in partial model, can't really carry out the experimental study of railway car HRR, flow of flue gas rule, and people's such as Dowling true train fire test has only been carried out once also, does not have repeatability, system launches research comprehensively, therefore, for carrying out a large amount of full-scale experiment researchs, find out the rule that wherein exists, the full scale model experimental provision is a kind of good selection.
Summary of the invention
In order can and to put out a fire to save life and property, and can carry out the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of full-scale subway train compartment fire test platform about experiment and research in the burning of laboratory simulation railway car fire, smoke movement and control, detection.
The present invention realizes that the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of subway train compartment fire test platform comprises compartment experiment table 1, and compartment experiment table 1 is identical with actual subway railway car structure, and the left and right sides is respectively equipped with side car door 3 and the vehicle window of splitting 4; Its xsect is a hexagon, and internal height is 2.26m, and top width is 2.80m, bottom width 2.96m, and the experiment table width is 3.26m in the compartment of distance bottom 0.6m eminence;
Experiment table 1 length direction two ends in compartment are respectively equipped with front end door 2 and rear end door 6, and front end door 2 and rear end door 6 are the clamshell doors of two fans;
Experiment table 1 inner top in compartment is laid with temp probe string 7 in the compartment more than three;
Top, described front end door 2 place is respectively equipped with Qianmen temp probe string 8, Qianmen speed probe string 11, Qianmen oxygen concentration probe 12, Qianmen carbonomonoxide concentration probe 13; The outside side in Qianmen is provided with upright scale 9;
Middle upper portion is provided with in the oxygen concentration probe 19 and compartment carbonomonoxide concentration in the compartment in and pops one's head in 20 in the described compartment experiment table;
Both sides are respectively equipped with seat 15 in the compartment experiment table 1, and seat 15 tops are provided with illuminating lamp 14; The center line of length direction is provided with four above handrails 16 in the compartment experiment table 1, is made by the 30cm stainless-steel tube; The top is provided with cable duct 17 in the compartment experiment table 1, establishes in the cable duct 17 and gathers and service cable;
One sidecar of compartment experiment table 1 portion outside window is provided with video camera 21, can clearly observe and record the flow condition of flue gas in the compartment experiment table 1 by video camera 21.
Temp probe string 7 and Qianmen temp probe string 8 are formed by 8 thermocouple probes in the described compartment, and the spacing between the adjacent thermocouple probe is 20cm.
Described Qianmen speed probe string 11 is popped one's head in by 4 high temperature hot line wind speed and is formed, and the spacing between the adjacent high-temperature hot line wind speed probe is 30cm.
The experiment table left and right sides, described compartment is respectively equipped with 5 pairs of side car doors of splitting 3, is provided with vehicle window 4 between the adjacent car door.
Seat 15 tops in the described compartment experiment table 1 are provided with illuminating lamp 14, and described illuminating lamp 14 is a cold light lamp.
The simulation burning things which may cause a fire disaster is methyl alcohol oil sump fire and fragrant wick, lays respectively in the compartment experiment table 1, and the spacing between methyl alcohol oil sump fire and the fragrant wick is the 400-500 millimeter; Elder generation's ignition incense wick glows it, the flue gas simulated fire flue gas that the fragrant wick that utilization is glowed produces, light methyl alcohol then, entrainment air during the methyl alcohol burning, the flue gas that fragrant wick is ordered about in the buoyancy that produces flows in experiment table, and comparatively clearly simulated fire flue gas spreading in the railway car model is mobile.
Seat 15 tops in the described compartment experiment table 1 are provided with illuminating lamp 14.In order not influence photographic effect, adopt the gentle cold light lamp of light intensity, light filling when being used for shooting and photograph, and can tolerate 200 ℃ temperature.
The simulation burning things which may cause a fire disaster of this experiment table can adopt methyl alcohol oil sump fire, the flue gas simulated fire flue gas that the fragrant wick that utilization is glowed produces, fragrant wick and methyl alcohol food tray keep certain distance, unlikely being ignited, during experiment, first ignition incense wick glows it, light methyl alcohol then, air the time is entrainmented in the methyl alcohol burning, and the buoyancy of generation is ordered about the fragrant wick flue gas that glows and flowed in experiment table, and comparatively clearly simulated fire flue gas spreading in the railway car model is mobile.
The simulation burning things which may cause a fire disaster of this experiment table can adopt all combustibles of the existence in the true train compartment, also can adopt standard fuels such as normal heptane or grillage to simulate actual combustible.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is embodied in following several aspect:
(1) aspect security and environmental friendliness, adopt methyl alcohol oil sump fire as burning things which may cause a fire disaster, sufficient combustion is complete, the product cleaning; Simultaneously, utilize the flue gas simulated fire flue gas of the fragrant wick generation of glowing, environmental friendliness, pollution-free, human body there is not bad stimulation;
(2) aspect smoke movement simulated experiment effect, experiment table can intactly be simulated spreading in the combustible burning generation flue gas compartment in the true railway car, and can be by clearly clear experimentation and the phenomenon of monitoring of glass vehicle window;
(3) aspect the simulated experiment effect of fire HRR, experiment table calculates by the fire smoke characteristic parameter that the measuring junction door overflows.
(4) at the experiment measuring system aspects, advanced complete temp measuring system, speed and component measurement system, recording geometry etc. can be carried out omnibearing observation and research to flow of flue gas parameter and cigarette control effect.
Therefore, this experimental provision is the first large-scale experiment platform that specially comprehensive systematic study is carried out in subway railway car fire HRR, smoke movement, detection and putting out a fire to save life and property etc. according to the 1:1 scale Design.On forefathers' experimental basis, overcome the experimental error that reduced scale degree and local model experiment platform bring, guaranteed the repeatability of experiment again, very big using value has all been arranged for the system simulation test of carrying out the control of laboratory scientific research and actual subway railway car flue gas, survey and put out a fire to save life and property.Subway railway car flue gas control, survey and put out a fire to save life and property service system design and test evaluation research are had broad application prospects and important actual directive significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that terrain railway car fire test platform of the present invention is a kind of.
Fig. 2 is the A-A diagrammatic cross-section of a kind of embodiment of terrain railway car fire test platform of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the B-B diagrammatic cross-section of a kind of embodiment of terrain railway car fire test platform of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the C-C diagrammatic cross-section of a kind of embodiment of terrain railway car fire test platform of the present invention.
Number in the figure: 1-compartment experiment table; 2-front end door; 3-side car door; The 4-vehicle window; 5-simulates burning things which may cause a fire disaster; 6-rear end door; Temp probe string in the 7-compartment; 8-Qianmen temp probe string; The scale at 9-front end door place; 10-fire overflow flue gas; 11-Qianmen speed probe string; 12-Qianmen oxygen concentration probe; 13-Qianmen carbonomonoxide concentration probe; The 14-illuminating lamp; The 15-seat; The 16-handrail; The 17-cable duct; The 18-fire smoke; Oxygen concentration probe in the 19-compartment; Carbonomonoxide concentration probe in the 20-compartment; The 21-video camera.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described by embodiment.
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of subway train compartment fire test platform comprises compartment experiment table 1, compartment experiment table 1 is identical with actual subway railway car structure, the experiment table left and right sides, compartment is separately installed with 5 pairs of side car doors of splitting 3, vehicle window 4 is installed between the adjacent car door, and side car door 3 and vehicle window 4 are measure-alike with the car door and the vehicle window of actual subway railway car.The xsect of compartment experiment table 1 is a hexagon, and internal height is 2.26m, and top width is 2.80m, bottom width 2.96m, and the experiment table width is 3.26m in the compartment of distance bottom 0.6m eminence.
Experiment table 1 length direction two ends in compartment are separately installed with front end door 2 and rear end door 6, and front end door 2 and rear end door 6 are the clamshell doors of two fans.
The angle steel that compartment experiment table 1 uses 30mm * 30mm uses the 1.5mm steel plate to make sidewall and top board as support frame, uses 2mm steel plate Manufacture of Floor, and whole outside surface adopts color steel covering.Vehicle window uses fireproof glass (300 ℃ of refractory temperatures) to make, and is used for experimental observation.
Experiment table 1 inner top in compartment is uniform to be equipped with temp probe string 7 in five compartments;
Referring to Fig. 3, top, front end door 2 place is separately installed with Qianmen temp probe string 8, Qianmen speed probe string 11, Qianmen oxygen concentration probe 12, Qianmen carbonomonoxide concentration probe 13; Qianmen speed probe string 11 is popped one's head in by 4 high temperature hot line wind speed and is formed, and the spacing between the adjacent high-temperature hot line wind speed probe is 30cm; Front end door 2 outside sides are equipped with upright scale 9; The height that can show flue gas layer by scale 9 clearly.
Temp probe string 7 and Qianmen temp probe string 8 are formed by 8 thermocouple probes in the compartment, and the spacing between the adjacent thermocouple probe is 20cm.
Referring to Fig. 4, middle upper portion is equipped with in the oxygen concentration probe 19 and compartment carbonomonoxide concentration in the compartment in and pops one's head in 20 in the compartment experiment table 1.Both sides are separately installed with seat 15 in the compartment experiment table 1, and seat 15 tops are equipped with illuminating lamp 14, and illuminating lamp 14 is a cold light lamp.The center line of length direction is provided with four above handrails 16 in the compartment experiment table 1, and handrail 16 is made by the stainless-steel tube of diameter 30cm; The top is provided with cable duct 17 in the compartment experiment table 1, is equipped with in the cable duct 17 to gather and service cable.One sidecar of compartment experiment table 1 portion outside window is equipped with video camera 21, can clearly observe and record the flow condition of flue gas 18 in the compartment by video camera 21.
Simulation burning things which may cause a fire disaster 5 is methyl alcohol oil sump fire and fragrant wick, and the spacing between methyl alcohol oil sump fire and the fragrant wick is the 400-500 millimeter; Elder generation's ignition incense wick glows it, the flue gas simulated fire flue gas that the fragrant wick that utilization is glowed produces, light methyl alcohol then, entrainment air during the methyl alcohol burning, the flue gas that fragrant wick is ordered about in the buoyancy that produces flows in experiment table, and comparatively clearly simulated fire flue gas spreading in the railway car model is mobile.
Referring to Fig. 2, fuel is arranged on the interior longitudinal centre line of compartment experiment table, near front end door 2 one sides of sealing, after the fire fuel, produces high temperature fire smoke 18 in the compartment, and the high temperature fire smoke flows out formation high temperature fire overflow flue gas 10 by the front end door of opening wide 2.Experiment can clearly be write down the flow condition of flue gas in the compartment experiment table by the outer video camera 21 of vehicle window, the temperature field of measuring high temperature of fire flue gas in the compartment experiment table by temp probe string in five compartments 7 distributes, by the characteristic parameter of Qianmen temp probe string 8, Qianmen speed probe string 11, Qianmen oxygen concentration probe 12, Qianmen carbonomonoxide concentration probe 13 record high temperature fire overflow flue gases.
Claims (6)
1. a subway train compartment fire test platform comprises compartment experiment table (1), it is characterized in that: described compartment experiment table (1) is identical with actual subway railway car structure, and the left and right sides is respectively equipped with side car door (3) and the vehicle window of splitting (4); Its xsect is a hexagon, and internal height is 2.26m, and top width is 2.80m, bottom width 2.96m, and the experiment table width is 3.26m in the compartment of distance bottom 0.6m eminence;
Compartment experiment table (1) length direction two ends are respectively equipped with front end door (2) and rear end door (6), and front end door (2) and rear end door (6) are the clamshell doors of two fans;
Compartment experiment table (1) inner top is laid with temp probe string (7) in the compartment more than three;
Described front end door (2) is located top and is respectively equipped with Qianmen temp probe string (8), Qianmen speed probe string (11), Qianmen oxygen concentration probe (12), Qianmen carbonomonoxide concentration probe (13); The outside side in Qianmen is provided with upright scale (9);
Middle upper portion is provided with in the oxygen concentration probe (19) and compartment carbonomonoxide concentration pop one's head in (20) in the compartment in the described compartment experiment table;
The interior both sides of compartment experiment table (1) are respectively equipped with seat (15), and seat (15) top is provided with illuminating lamp (14); The center line of the interior length direction of compartment experiment table (1) is provided with four above handrails (16), is made by the 30cm stainless-steel tube; The top is provided with cable duct (17) in the compartment experiment table (1), establishes in the cable duct (17) and gathers and service cable;
One sidecar of compartment experiment table (1) portion outside window is provided with camera system (21), can clearly observe and record the flow condition of the interior flue gas of compartment experiment table (1) by camera system (21).
2. a kind of subway train according to claim 1 compartment fire test platform, it is characterized in that: temp probe string (7) and Qianmen temp probe string (8) are formed by 8 thermocouple probes in the described compartment, and the spacing between the adjacent thermocouple probe is 20cm.
3. a kind of subway train according to claim 1 compartment fire test platform is characterized in that: described Qianmen speed probe string (11) is made up of 4 high temperature hot line wind speed probes, and the spacing between the adjacent high-temperature hot line wind speed probe is 30cm.
4. a kind of subway train according to claim 1 compartment fire test platform is characterized in that: the experiment table left and right sides, described compartment is respectively equipped with 5 pairs of side car doors of splitting (3), is provided with vehicle window (4) between the adjacent car door.
5. a kind of subway train according to claim 1 compartment fire test platform is characterized in that: seat (15) top in the described compartment experiment table (1) is provided with illuminating lamp (14), and described illuminating lamp (14) is a cold light lamp.
6. the experimental implementation method of a subway train compartment fire test platform is characterized in that: the simulation burning things which may cause a fire disaster is methyl alcohol oil sump fire and fragrant wick, lays respectively in the compartment experiment table (1), and the spacing between the fiery and fragrant wick of methyl alcohol oil sump is the 400-500 millimeter; Elder generation's ignition incense wick glows it, the flue gas simulated fire flue gas that the fragrant wick that utilization is glowed produces, light methyl alcohol then, entrainment air during the methyl alcohol burning, the flue gas that fragrant wick is ordered about in the buoyancy that produces flows in experiment table, and comparatively clearly simulated fire flue gas spreading in the railway car model is mobile.
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| CN102306459A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire simulation experiment system for railway tunnel rescue station |
| CN102505955A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-06-20 | 北京工业大学 | Multifunctional urban traffic tunnel fire disaster fume diffusion model device |
| CN102750848A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Subway station fire experiment simulation device |
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| CN102306459B (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-01-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire simulation experiment system for railway tunnel rescue station |
| CN102306459A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire simulation experiment system for railway tunnel rescue station |
| CN102505955A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-06-20 | 北京工业大学 | Multifunctional urban traffic tunnel fire disaster fume diffusion model device |
| CN102505955B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-03-26 | 北京工业大学 | Urban traffic tunnel fire disaster fume diffusion model device |
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| CN103714739A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire test box with variable low air pressure and variable oxygen concentration |
| CN103971576A (en) * | 2014-05-11 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | Experiment platform for simulation of control over fire smoke at key connection positions of subway station |
| CN103971576B (en) * | 2014-05-11 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of subway station key binding sites Fire Smoke Control simulation experiment platform |
| CN104764769A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-08 | 天津商业大学 | Multichannel parallel heat release rate test system and test method |
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| CN107290128A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-10-24 | 公安部天津消防研究所 | Stream condition tracer and experimental method at a kind of compartment window |
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| CN108760354A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-06 | 中南大学 | Train carries analog detection method, system and the medium that burning things which may cause a fire disaster operation flue gas transports |
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| CN110960823A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-07 | 应急管理部上海消防研究所 | Fire-fighting emergency simulation training device for hydrogen fuel cell automobile |
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