CN106352233A - 一种氢氧火箭试验用多液氢贮罐并联加注方法 - Google Patents

一种氢氧火箭试验用多液氢贮罐并联加注方法 Download PDF

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CN106352233A
CN106352233A CN201610955359.3A CN201610955359A CN106352233A CN 106352233 A CN106352233 A CN 106352233A CN 201610955359 A CN201610955359 A CN 201610955359A CN 106352233 A CN106352233 A CN 106352233A
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liquid hydrogen
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CN106352233B (zh
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杨林
刘瑞敏
梁怀喜
杨思锋
王森
刘克研
杨寒
吴志坚
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Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F17C13/045—Automatic change-over switching assembly for bottled gas systems with two (or more) gas containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种氢氧火箭试验用多液氢贮罐并联加注方法。所述的多贮罐并联系统由预冷加注贮罐组1、小流量加注贮罐组2、大流量加注贮罐组3、液氢贮罐4、支管路5、主管路6、预冷隔断阀7、小流量隔断阀8、总出液阀9、液氢贮罐加排阀10、液氢贮罐自增压系统11、氢氧火箭12等几部分组成。通过贮罐进行功能分组以及隔离阀的切换实现了预冷、小流量、大流量加注不同流程隔离；通过贮罐自增压系统实现了加注过程中流量、温度、液位的有效控制；管路组件的设置和切换，以及支/主管路之间的对接结构消除了加注过程的波动冲击。本发明方法简单可靠，已成功应用。

Description

一种氢氧火箭试验用多液氢贮罐并联加注方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种液氢加注方法，用于氢氧运载火箭的箭体动力试验或者靶场发射使用，属于运载火箭地面工程应用领域。
背景技术
氢氧运载火箭在进行大型地面试验时，需要对火箭的箭体氢箱进行液氢推进剂加注，加注量近千方。由于箭体氢箱加注量和消耗量很大，而地面液氢贮罐体积有限，因此需要多个液氢贮罐同时来提供。另外，液氢加注流程复杂，分为预冷加注、小流量加注以及大流量加注；液氢贮罐支管路与主管路连接的通径、长度以及流通组件不同，流通特性不一致；加注后期贮罐底部液氢温度过高，不利于加注；液氢贮罐存储量不同，液位下降量一致，造成加注流量波动和温度品质下降；以上各种因素综合制约着液氢加注过程流量、温度品质，因此需要设计一套多贮罐并联加注的方法。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种在进行氢氧火箭动力试验或者发射时，使用多贮罐并联加注实现液氢推进剂加注的方法。
本发明是这样实现的：多液氢贮罐并联加注系统由液氢贮罐、贮罐加排阀、贮罐自增压系统、支管路、主管路、预冷隔断阀、小流量隔断阀、总出液阀、氢氧火箭等几部分组成。液氢贮罐分成不同的功能组，分别实现预冷加注、小流量加注以及大流量加注；各加注流程的切换是通过加排阀和隔断阀之间的通断变化实现的。预冷、小流量、大流量加注贮罐依次根据距离氢氧火箭由远到近设置，确保了支管路和主管路的充分预冷，减少了盲腔预冷冲击，保证了液氢流量切换过程的温度和流量的稳定。液氢的挤压加注是通过各自贮罐的自增压系统实现的，贮罐挤压压力相互之间的匹配，一方面确保了总加注流量的要求；另一方面有利于贮罐的液位下降量的同步平衡，充分利用液氢的同时保证了加注过程的平稳。同时，支管路和主管路之间的连接采用一定角度的对接，避免了液氢汇流的冲击，有利于流量和挤压压力之间的控制。
本发明的突出优点：巧妙的贮罐分配实现了不同加注流程的要求，独立自增压系统的运用确保了加注量、温度、液位的有效控制；管路组件的设置和切换，以及支/主管路之间的对接结构消除了加注过程的波动冲击。
本发明的效果：该多液氢贮罐并联加注方法成功的实现了近千方液氢的加注，达到了试验要求指标；创造了我国单次液氢加注量和流量的最大值。该加注方法将继续应用于该动力系统试验以及后续新氢氧火箭试验新区建设当中。
附图说明
附图1为本发明的原理图。1为预冷加注贮罐组，2为小流量加注贮罐组，3为大流量加注贮罐组，4为液氢贮罐，5为支管路，6为主管路，7为预冷隔断阀，8为小流量隔断阀，9为总出液阀，10为液氢贮罐加排阀，11为液氢贮罐自增压系统，12为氢氧火箭。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明和具体实施方式对本发明作详细说明。
由附图所示，本发明由预冷加注贮罐组1、小流量加注贮罐组2、大流量加注贮罐组3、液氢贮罐4、支管路5、主管路6、预冷隔断阀7、小流量隔断阀8、总出液阀9、液氢贮罐加排阀10、液氢贮罐自增压系统11等几部分组成。首先支管路与主管路在设计时，就考虑支管路与主管路对接的角度β，一般采用30°～45°，这样减小支管路汇流过程中的冲击，有利于加注的稳定。再者把多个液氢贮罐根据距离氢氧火箭的远近，从远到近依次分成预冷加注贮罐组1、小流量加注贮罐组2、大流量贮罐加注组3等三个功能组，各功能组通过预冷隔断阀7、小流量隔断阀8分隔开；分组时要考虑各加注流程所需液氢量。在液氢加注之前，根据贮罐功能组内各自液氢存储量、液氢总流量、支管路特性通过伯努利方程对各自增压压力进行匹配计算，确保贮罐液氢下降量和流量之间的匹配。本发明未详细描述内容为本领域技术人员公知技术。

Claims (4)

1.一种氢氧火箭试验用多液氢贮罐并联加注方法，其特征在于，所述的多液氢贮罐加注系统由多个贮罐、贮罐自增压系统、贮罐加排阀、支管路、主管路、隔断阀、总出液阀、氢氧火箭等几部分组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的并联加注方法，其特征在于，根据加注流程，对液氢贮罐进行组合分配，分别实现预冷加注、小流量加注、大流量加注功能。
3.根据权利要求1所述的并联加注方法，其特征在于，通过每个液氢贮罐的自增压系统，实现对液氢的挤压加注；通过自增压系统地调节，保证各贮罐液氢压力、流量之间的匹配平衡，确保流量的实现以及功能贮罐液氢的平衡下降。
4.根据权利要求1所述的并联加注方法，其特征在于，采用隔断阀实现各功能贮罐之间的切换和加注，通过支管路与主管路之间的连接角度实现汇流之间的平稳过渡。
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CN109737829A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-10 北京蓝箭空间科技有限公司 火箭液体贮箱推进剂输送系统及运载火箭
CN110779695A (zh) * 2019-09-18 2020-02-11 北京航天试验技术研究所 一种爆破试验系统及爆破试验方法
CN110792925A (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-02-14 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 一种自增压供气系统及供气方法
CN114673936A (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-06-28 北京航天试验技术研究所 基于三级分段冷却的液氧推进剂全过冷加注系统及方法
CN116164226A (zh) * 2022-12-29 2023-05-26 北京天兵科技有限公司 火箭液氧加注系统及其控制方法

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CN109737829A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-10 北京蓝箭空间科技有限公司 火箭液体贮箱推进剂输送系统及运载火箭
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CN114673936A (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-06-28 北京航天试验技术研究所 基于三级分段冷却的液氧推进剂全过冷加注系统及方法
CN114673936B (zh) * 2022-03-17 2023-05-16 北京航天试验技术研究所 基于三级分段冷却的液氧推进剂全过冷加注系统及方法
CN116164226A (zh) * 2022-12-29 2023-05-26 北京天兵科技有限公司 火箭液氧加注系统及其控制方法
CN116164226B (zh) * 2022-12-29 2024-08-13 北京天兵科技有限公司 火箭液氧加注系统及其控制方法

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