CN106350723A - Preparation process of hard alloy - Google Patents
Preparation process of hard alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106350723A CN106350723A CN201610867303.2A CN201610867303A CN106350723A CN 106350723 A CN106350723 A CN 106350723A CN 201610867303 A CN201610867303 A CN 201610867303A CN 106350723 A CN106350723 A CN 106350723A
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- alloy
- hard alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F2003/145—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously by warm compacting, below debindering temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation process of a hard alloy. The preparation process comprises: putting WC powder into a heating furnace; after dissolving, adding Co powder; after carrying out dissolved clarification, fishing out floating dregs to obtain alloy liquid; pouring the alloy liquid into a mold; putting the mold into cold water and cooling to a room temperature so as to obtain an alloy ingot; turning the alloy ingot into fine scraps and crushing the fine scraps to obtain alloy powder; putting the alloy powder into a graphite mold and carrying out hot pressing sintering; after sintering, de-molding to obtain the hard alloy; carrying out heat treatment on the hard alloy. According to the preparation process of the hard alloy, the alloy liquid is poured into the mold and then the mold is put into the cold water and is cooled to the room temperature, so that the alloy liquid is rapidly cooled; the staying time of metal at a high-temperature phase is relatively short and an alloy element cannot be dispersed in time, so that tissues are refined and segregation is reduced; meanwhile, WC-Co alloy powder is subjected to hot pressing sintering and heat treatment so that a hard alloy material with relatively high rigidity and strength can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation technology of Hardmetal materials.
Background technology
The consumption in mine, coal and oil drilling hard alloy is very big, and these rock drilling sintered-carbide tools are due to skill
The restriction of art, varies less for many years, and these changes are nothing but by precision controlling alloy degree of purity and bonding phase composition etc..
Mine hard alloy instrument mainly adopts wc-co alloy at present.Generally, drilling well use, coal mining are used and Colophonium cutting
Consist of wc and 6 11%co with the alloy on percussion drill bit, and the alloy of different purposes, because the raising of some performances is led
Cause the reduction of other performances.Toughness as usual in high-wear-resistant alloy is bad, conversely, the Wear Resistance of good toughness is not good.Reduce
Co content and the hardness that improves can reduce alloy abrasion, and increase co content and can improve impact flexibility with increasing wc grain size.
At present, the preparation of wc-co alloy can adopt the technique such as laminating, sintering, and the wc-co being prepared by these techniques is hard
The wc crystal grain of matter alloy is in continuous distribution, and has the alloy of co phase gradient, and fine grain side has higher hardness, coarse-grain side
There is certain bending strength；In sintering, co phase migrates to fine grain side from coarse-grain side, and its hardness and intensity are not enough.With
Continually developing and applying of natural resourcess, the requirement more and more higher to mine hard alloy, not only need higher-strength, relatively
The sintered-carbide tool of good hardness.
Content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of system preparing the higher hard alloy of hardness is bigger, intensity
Standby technique.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of preparation technology of hard alloy, and it comprises the following steps:
(1) wc powder is placed in heating furnace, after dissolving, adds co powder, after molten clear after drag for net scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；
(2) aluminium alloy is poured in mould, is subsequently placed in cold water and is cooled to room temperature, obtain alloy pig；
(3) alloy pig is lathed after fines and is pulverized, obtain alloyed powder；
(4) above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig and carries out hot pressed sintering, mould unloading after the completion of sintering, obtain hard alloy；
(5) again heat treatment is carried out to above-mentioned hard alloy；
(6) by the hard alloy after heat treatment and liquid mixing, and add organic bond to stir, be configured to metal powder pulp
Material；
(7) again slurry is made powder by sponging granulator.
Preferably, in wc powder and co powder, co accounts for 5 10%.
Preferably, during hot pressed sintering, first 20 30s are sintered with 280 320 DEG C of temperature, then with 500 600 DEG C
Temperature sinters 40 60s, then sinters 20 30s with 650 700 DEG C of temperature.
Preferably, heat treatment is successively using solid solution, cold pressing deformation and Ageing Treatment.
Preferably, the temperature of solution treatment is 650 700 DEG C, the time is 10 12min.
Preferably, the deflection of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing is 30 35%.
Preferably, the temperature of Ageing Treatment is 300 350 DEG C, the time is 2 3h.
Preferably, described sponging granulator adopts centrifugal spraying granulator, the rotating speed of centrifugal spraying granulator is
5000 8000 revs/min.
Preferably, the inlet temperature of described sponging granulator dry air be 250 350 DEG C, outlet temperature be 100
150℃；The flow of dry air is 100 200 nm3/h；Charging rate is 10 20 kg/h.
As can be known from the above technical solutions, the present invention is poured in mould by aluminium alloy, is subsequently placed in cold water and is cooled to
Room temperature, makes aluminium alloy quickly cool down it is ensured that metal is shorter in the hot stage time of staying, and alloying element has little time to spread, thus
Thinning microstructure, reduces segregation；Meanwhile, wc-co alloyed powder is carried out hot pressed sintering and heat treatment, higher hardness and strong can be obtained
The Hardmetal materials of degree.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described more detail below, the illustrative examples of the here present invention and explanation are used for explaining the present invention,
But it is not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of preparation technology of hard alloy, it comprises the following steps:
With wc, co powder as raw material, and press co content be 5 10wt% dispensings；Then wc powder is placed in induction heater, molten
Add co powder after solution, after molten clear after drag for net scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；Aluminium alloy is poured in mould, puts rapidly together with mould
It is cooled to room temperature in cold water, obtain alloy pig；Then alloy pig is lathed after fines and is pulverized, obtain alloyed powder；
Above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig and carries out hot pressed sintering, mould unloading after the completion of sintering, obtain Hardmetal materials；Heat
Pressure sintering is carried out in three stages, first sinters 20 30s with 280 320 DEG C of temperature, is then sintered with 500 600 DEG C of temperature
40 60s, then sinter 20 30s with 650 700 DEG C of temperature；First stage belongs to the sintering preparatory stage, for further sintering
Environment purification；Second stage, with the rising of temperature, initially forms sintering neck, and be combined with each other between alloying substance granule,
There is reduction reaction in grain oxide on surface, thus continuing to participate in sintering, intergranular combination encloses space each other；The
The sintering temperature of three phases is higher, and intergranular sintering neck is grown up further, and more granules are merged, and sintered body obtains
Contraction, nodularization further, thus intensity and the hardness of material is prepared in raising.
Heat treatment is carried out to above-mentioned powdered metallurgical material；Heat treatment is successively using solid solution, cold pressing deformation and Ageing Treatment；Gu
The temperature of molten process is 650 700 DEG C, and the time is 10 12min, solid solubility in Copper substrate of so controllable nickel, aluminum and
Grain size；Solid solubility temperature is too high, can lead to coarse grains, reduces alloy strength；Solid solubility temperature is too low, though crystal grain is less,
Follow-up Ageing Treatment can be led to be difficult to play the effect of reinforced alloys.
Preferably, the deflection of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing is 30 35%；Before Ageing Treatment, cold working is carried out to alloy
Deformation, can make alloy assume the double effectses of working hardening and ageing strengthening；The temperature of Ageing Treatment is 300 350 DEG C, the time
For 2 3h；Ageing Treatment can separate out the second phase, produces dispersion-strengtherning.Hard alloy after heat treatment and liquid mixing, and add
Metal granulating agent stirs, and is configured to metal powder slurry；Again slurry is prepared metal dust by centrifugal spraying granulator.
Embodiment 1
95wt %wc powder is placed in induction heater, after dissolving, adds 5wt %co powder, the particle diameter of wc, co powder is 36 μm, co
The particle diameter of powder is 0.5 0.8 μm, after molten clear after drag for net scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；Again aluminium alloy is poured in mould, and fast
Fast water-cooled, to room temperature, obtains alloy pig；Then alloy pig is lathed after fines and is pulverized, obtain alloyed powder；By alloyed powder
It is placed in graphite jig, first 30s is sintered with 280 DEG C of temperature, then sinter 60s with 500 DEG C of temperature, then burnt with 650 DEG C of temperature
Knot 30s；Subsequently with 650 DEG C of solution treatment 12min；Then cold pressing deformation process, deflection of colding pressing is 30%；When finally with 300 DEG C
Effect processes 3h, obtains wc-co Hardmetal materials；Then hard alloy is mixed with distilled water, and hard alloy and distilled water
Mass ratio be 2.5:1, and add 2% metal granulating agent of hard alloy quality to stir, be configured to metal powder slurry；Again
Slurry is carried out pelletize by centrifugal spraying granulator, the wherein inlet temperature of sponging granulator dry air is 250 DEG C, exports
Temperature is 100 DEG C, the flow of dry air is 100 nm3/ h, charging rate are 10kg/h, the rotating speed of centrifugal spraying granulator
For 5000 revs/min, thus obtaining metal dust.The hardness recording this material is 51.3hrc, and shear strength is 625.4mpa.
Embodiment 2
92wt %wc powder is placed in induction heater, after dissolving, adds 8wt %co powder, the particle diameter of wc, co powder is 36 μm, co
The particle diameter of powder is 0.5 0.8 μm, after molten clear after drag for net scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；Again aluminium alloy is poured in mould, and fast
Fast water-cooled, to room temperature, obtains alloy pig；Then alloy pig is lathed after fines and is pulverized, obtain alloyed powder；By alloyed powder
It is placed in graphite jig, first 25s is sintered with 300 DEG C of temperature, then sinter 50s with 560 DEG C of temperature, then burnt with 680 DEG C of temperature
Knot 25s；Subsequently with 680 DEG C of solution treatment 11min；Then cold pressing deformation process, deflection of colding pressing is 32%；When finally with 330 DEG C
Effect processes 2.5h, obtains wc-co Hardmetal materials；Then hard alloy is mixed with deionized water, and hard alloy with go
The mass ratio of ionized water is 2.8:1, and adds 3% metal granulating agent of hard alloy quality to stir, and is configured to metal powder pulp
Material；Again slurry is carried out pelletize by centrifugal spraying granulator, the wherein rotating speed of centrifugal spraying granulator is 6000 revs/min, spray
The inlet temperature of mist comminutor dry air is 300 DEG C, outlet temperature is 130 DEG C, the flow of dry air is 150 nm3/h、
Charging rate is 15 kg/h, thus obtaining metal dust.The hardness recording this material is 68.8hrc, and shear strength is
687.4mpa.
Embodiment 3
90wt %wc powder is placed in induction heater, after dissolving, adds 10wt %co powder, the particle diameter of wc, co powder is 36 μm,
The particle diameter of co powder is 0.5 0.8 μm, after molten clear after drag for net scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；Again aluminium alloy is poured in mould, and
Rapid water-cooled, to room temperature, obtains alloy pig；Then alloy pig is lathed after fines and is pulverized, obtain alloyed powder；By alloy
Powder is placed in graphite jig, first sinters 20s with 320 DEG C of temperature, then sinters 40s with 600 DEG C of temperature, then with 700 DEG C of temperature
Sintering 20s；Subsequently with 700 DEG C of solution treatment 10min；Then cold pressing deformation process, deflection of colding pressing is 35%；Finally with 350 DEG C
Ageing Treatment 2h, obtains wc-co Hardmetal materials；Then hard alloy is mixed with deionized water, and hard alloy with go
The mass ratio of ionized water is 3:1, and adds 4% metal granulating agent of hard alloy quality to stir, and is configured to metal powder pulp
Material；Again slurry is carried out pelletize by centrifugal spraying granulator, the wherein rotating speed of centrifugal spraying granulator is 8000 revs/min, spray
The inlet temperature of mist comminutor dry air is 350 DEG C, outlet temperature is 150 DEG C, the flow of dry air is 200 nm3/h、
Charging rate is 20 kg/h, thus obtaining metal dust.The hardness recording this material is 65.7hrc, and shear strength is
637.1mpa.
The technical scheme above embodiment of the present invention being provided is described in detail, specific case used herein
The principle and embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention is set forth, the explanation of above example is only applicable to help understand this
The principle of inventive embodiments；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in specific embodiment party
All will change in formula and range of application, in sum, this specification content should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation technology of hard alloy, it comprises the following steps:
(1) wc powder is placed in heating furnace, after dissolving, adds co powder, after molten clear after drag for net scum silica frost, obtain aluminium alloy；
(2) aluminium alloy is poured in mould, is subsequently placed in cold water and is cooled to room temperature, obtain alloy pig；
(3) alloy pig is lathed after fines and is pulverized, obtain alloyed powder；
(4) above-mentioned alloyed powder is placed in graphite jig and carries out hot pressed sintering, mould unloading after the completion of sintering, obtain hard alloy；
(5) again heat treatment is carried out to above-mentioned hard alloy；
(6) by the hard alloy after heat treatment and liquid mixing, and add organic bond to stir, be configured to metal powder pulp
Material；
(7) again slurry is made powder by sponging granulator.
2. according to claim 1 hard alloy preparation technology it is characterised in that: in wc powder and co powder, co accounts for 5
10%.
3. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation technology it is characterised in that: during hot pressed sintering, first with 280 320 DEG C
Temperature sinter 20 30s, then sinter 40 60s with 500 600 DEG C of temperature, then sinter 20 with 650 700 DEG C of temperature
30s.
4. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation technology it is characterised in that: heat treatment is successively using solid solution, change of colding pressing
Shape and Ageing Treatment.
5. hard alloy as claimed in claim 4 preparation technology it is characterised in that: the temperature of solution treatment be 650 700
DEG C, the time is 10 12min.
6. hard alloy as claimed in claim 4 preparation technology it is characterised in that: the deflection of colding pressing of deformation process of colding pressing is
30—35%.
7. hard alloy as claimed in claim 4 preparation technology it is characterised in that: the temperature of Ageing Treatment be 300 350
DEG C, the time is 2 3h.
8. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation technology it is characterised in that: described liquid adopt distilled water or deionization
Water, and hard alloy is (2.5 3) with the mass ratio of liquid: 1；Described organic bond adopts metal granulating agent, its addition
For hard alloy quality 2 4%.
9. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation technology it is characterised in that: described sponging granulator adopts centrifugal spray
Comminutor, the rotating speed of centrifugal spraying granulator is 5,000 8000 revs/min.
10. hard alloy as claimed in claim 1 preparation technology it is characterised in that: described sponging granulator dry air
Inlet temperature is 250 350 DEG C, outlet temperature is 100 150 DEG C；The flow of dry air is 100 200 nm3/h；Enter
Material speed is 10 20 kg/h.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610867303.2A CN106350723A (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Preparation process of hard alloy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610867303.2A CN106350723A (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Preparation process of hard alloy |
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ID=57865708
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1557983A (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2004-12-29 | 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 | Production method for hard carbide with graded distributed cobalt content |
| CN102534344A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-04 | 中南大学 | Extra coarse grain WC-Co hard alloy and preparation process thereof |
| CN102634684A (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-08-15 | 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 | Method for preparing ultra-coarse grain cemented carbide by flexible ball milling technology |
-
2016
- 2016-09-30 CN CN201610867303.2A patent/CN106350723A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1557983A (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2004-12-29 | 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 | Production method for hard carbide with graded distributed cobalt content |
| CN102634684A (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-08-15 | 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 | Method for preparing ultra-coarse grain cemented carbide by flexible ball milling technology |
| CN102534344A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-04 | 中南大学 | Extra coarse grain WC-Co hard alloy and preparation process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170125 |