CN106350202A - Method for performing subcritical fluid extraction on tea seed oil - Google Patents
Method for performing subcritical fluid extraction on tea seed oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106350202A CN106350202A CN201610774742.9A CN201610774742A CN106350202A CN 106350202 A CN106350202 A CN 106350202A CN 201610774742 A CN201610774742 A CN 201610774742A CN 106350202 A CN106350202 A CN 106350202A
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- oleum camelliae
- tea seed
- extraction
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- peeling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/006—Refining fats or fatty oils by extraction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for performing subcritical fluid extraction on tea seed oil. The method comprises the steps: 1) picking up camellia seeds; 2) storing; 3) feeding; 4) shelling; 5) separating shells and kernels; 6) squeezing and extracting; 7) performing cold treatment on tea seed meal; 8) extracting; 9) evaporating; 10) reutilizing the tea seed meal. The method is simple and easy, convenient to operate, high in extraction precision and high in shelling efficiency, the shells and the kernels are stored integrally, the quality after the tea seed meal is reutilized is guaranteed, the storage effect of the tea seeds is good, and the damage to the tea seeds in the storage process can be minimized; furthermore, storage of the finally obtained tea seed meal is effective and long-time storage of the tea seed meal is facilitated; the oil in the tea seed meal is reutilized, so that the extraction precision is improved and the extraction quantity is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae.
Background technology
The seed Oleum Camelliae of oil tea, can squeeze fuel-displaced, and the Oleum Camelliae squeezing out is a kind of excellent edible oil, its quality
Comparable to olive oil.Oleum Camelliae also known as " Oleum Camelliae ", " Camellia oil ", be a kind of oleic acid content be higher than oleic acid content be higher than oleic acid content
It is higher than 80% top grade cooking oil higher than oleic acid content, contain in oil and in the oil generation such as camellianin, polyphenol, contain camellianin, polyphenol
Deng bioactive substance, multiple heart and brain that artery can be prevented vascular atherosclerosis and cause can be prevented
Angiopathy, be can often solar eclipse be the strong body that can eat daily nutritional oil.For a long time, people always with
Soybean oil, Semen Allii Tuberosi people take in source with the vegetalitas edible oil such as soybean oil, Semen Allii Tuberosi for main oils and fatss always, camellia oleosa seed industry
Development can improve single edible oil consumption structure, and single edible oil consumption structure can be improved for raising exhibition in increase source, increases
Plus source can improve single edible oil consumption structure for raising exhibition, increase source has non-for the physical constitution improving the people
Often important meaning.China's camellia oleiferaindustry development in recent years is very fast, and the development of seed camellia oleiferaindustry is very fast, seed processing enterprise quantity and day
All increasings, but a lot of processing enterprise is poor to the quality control technical capability of camellia oleosa seed raw material and products thereof, processes and storage level control
Technical capability processed is poor, and processing and storage level are also to be hoisted.Have some enterprises produce camellia oleosa seed after processed
In short-term, it is changed characteristic and can change, and leads to Oleum Camelliae quality bad student to change, leads to Oleum Camelliae poor quality, lose camellia oleosa seed former
This local flavor and color and luster, or even also can lose local flavor and the color and luster of edible script, or even also can lose edibility and nutrition, because
This necessary quality to Oleum Camelliae increases with storage time and produces Changing Pattern and probe into.
The precision that existing Oleum Camelliae extracts in extraction process is not high, and its interior moisture content is too high, and Residual oil is more, leads to
The use of Oleum Camelliae is restricted, and Oleum Camelliae is to need camellia oleosa seed is peeled off, separated, squeezing, extracting through a series of
Step, is finally obtained Oleum Camelliae, but according to existing technology, the power of peeling off of the huller used in process of peeling off in camellia oleosa seed
Spend bad control, it is found that having more camellia oleosa seed to peel off excessively, Cha Ren surface is scratched or damages in actual fabrication process,
The antibacterial leading to the external world enters scuffing gap in a large number, not only largely effects on precision, the purity of Oleum Camelliae, but also can be to
Whole Oleum Camelliae impacts, the content of each material in impact Oleum Camelliae；The camellia oleosa seed also having half is plucked in the 10-12 month, just
The camellia oleosa seed plucked can not possibly be squeezed in time and be extracted, accordingly, it would be desirable to preserve to it, and existing storage technique leads to
Tea seed prolongation water content over time increases, and is oxidized easily, leads to the Quality Down of camellia oleosa seed, after in addition tea seed cake extracts
Be also required to be preserved accordingly, otherwise tea seed cake as well as the time prolongation its go bad, to tea seed cake stored goods Quality Research, two
Secondary carry out using can more thoroughly extract Oleum Camelliae, and improve the utilization rate of tea seed cake by-product.
Content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of method of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae, the party
Method is simple, easy to operate, and extraction accuracy is high, and peeling efficiency is high, shell core preserve complete it is ensured that tea seed cake is secondary recycle after matter
Amount, the storage effect of camellia oleosa seed is good, can be preferably minimized infringement in storage for the camellia oleosa seed, and to the final tea seed cake obtaining
Storage also more effective, be easy to the storage of tea seed cake long period, and by secondary for the oil in tea seed cake utilization, improve the essence extracted
Degree and the amount extracted.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae, comprises the following steps:
1) pluck Oleum Camelliae: at the beginning of the annual 10-12 month, pluck Oleum Camelliae；
2) preserve: the camellia oleosa seed cleaning remove impurity of harvesting, it is put in sealing storage in green glass vessel, 4 DEG C of reserve temperature, in green glass
Desiccant laid on the inwall of glass vessel, keeps water content in green glass vessel 7%；
3) feed: the Oleum Camelliae of storage is promoted to by cleaning tank by lifting machine equipment and is combined clearing up；
4) peel off: the Oleum Camelliae of combined cleaning carries out crushing in huller, process of peeling off；
5) separation of hull from kernel: tea core is extracted by cyclone separator；
6) squeezing is extracted: coordinates lifting machine equipment to carry out multiple circular press by screw press, is carried out using cold press method
Squeezing is extracted；
7) tea seed cake cold treatment: tea seed cake is carried out cold treatment, storage time 60 minutes, cold treatment refers to be pressed into the tea seed cake of extraction
Round pie, dries, and loads in woven bag, in the moistureproof cylinder of one layer of outside socket of woven bag, one layer of suction of cladding outside moistureproof cylinder
Damp cotton, and tea seed cake is placed at a temperature of 1-2 DEG C；
8) extract: butane in subcritical abstraction device, and the rich mixture of step 6 squeezing is extracted, using ultrasonic
Ripple vibrates, extraction time 70 minutes, extracting pressure 0.4mpa, extraction temperature 35-45 DEG C, and in extraction process, heater is to Asia
Critical fluids device is heated, and in extraction process, first 20 minutes extraction temperature are 35 DEG C, and extraction temperature is 40 within middle 20 minutes
DEG C, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C within last 30 minutes；
Mixed liquor after extraction is separated to evaporator, then injects butane in subcritical abstraction device, repeat said process；
9) evaporate: the mixed liquor in above-mentioned steps is evaporated under reduced pressure in evaporator, removes remaining extractant, evaporating temperature
At 40-50 DEG C, temperature in the evaporation process method using gradually rising, stop when the pressure in evaporator reaches 0.1mpa
Only, now remaining extractant volatilization finishes, and the liquid obtaining is Oleum Camelliae；
10) the secondary utilization of tea seed cake: grind through the preserved tea seed cake of step (7) squeezing, the tea seed cake powder after grinding all proceeds to filter paper
In cylinder, in one layer of absorbent cotton of filtration paper cylinder bottom plug, cover one layer of absorbent cotton above again, and dry 12 hours at a temperature of 60 DEG C, will
Filtration paper cylinder equipped with tea seed cake powder is immersed in after 3-5 days in petroleum ether, oil sample and petroleum ether is all proceeded in evaporator, treats oil
Ether volatilization is dry, has both obtained Oleum Camelliae.
Preferably, the green glass vessel in described step (2) " storage " are rectangular structure, in rectangular structure
Multilamellar setting up and down places plate, and arranges storage tank on described green glass inner wall of utensil, places for every layer and places camellia oleosa seed on plate
Oil.
Preferably, placing oxygen scavenger in described storage tank, and it is passed through into green glass vessel in storage
Nitrogen.
Preferably, in described step (4) " peeling off ", peeling off and adopt huller, described huller includes elastic decorticator
Structure and operating board, described elasticity shelling mechanism is arranged on described operating board, and described feeding mechanism is arranged on described elasticity stripping
The side of shell mechanism, described discharging mechanism is arranged on the opposite side of described elasticity shelling mechanism.
Preferably, described feeding mechanism includes block form passage, flashboard and area to be peeled off, described flashboard passes through motor
Control lifting.
Preferably, described elasticity shelling mechanism includes peeling off plate and under peel off plate, plate of peeling off on described is arranged
One layer of upper half ball groove, setting some pressure shells nail in each described upper half ball groove, the pressure shell nail in described upper half ball groove forms inner circle
Pressure shell face, plate of peeling off under described is provided with described on the lower half ball groove that matches of the upper half ball groove peeled off in plate, described on
Half ball groove forms a complete pressure shell groove with described lower semisphere groove.
Preferably, the bottom in front edge of board face of peeling off under described is hingedly connected on fore-stock, rear end face bottom is passed through fixed
Position projection is arranged on after-poppet, and described after-poppet is provided with the locating slot matching with described positioning convex, and under described
Peel off plate bottom setting lift cylinder.
Preferably, one group of transmission cylinder is arranged on plate of peeling off on described, and peel off on described plate with described under peel off
Return spring assembly is set between plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compared with prior art, the theing improvement is that of the inventive method,
First, the present invention carries out to camellia oleosa seed sealing cold preservation, camellia oleosa seed can be reduced in storage by sealing cold preserving method
Rate of deterioration, the special green glass vessel of further present invention setting, and also set up deoxygenation in this green glass vessel
Agent and desiccant, it is ensured that green glass vessel are contained within a small amount of moisture, prevent from going mouldy, and be also prevented from camellia oleosa seed and oxidation etc. occurs,
Effect is good, puts conveniently；
Second, the present invention, in order to improve the quality peeled off and efficiency, is also provided with special huller, permissible by this huller
The integrity ensureing tea core is not it is ensured that Cha Ren surface is injured by larger pressure, and structure is simple, and low cost is easy to operate；
Third, the present invention has been also carried out rational storage technique to the tea seed cake extracted, preferably tea seed cake is protected, extended
Its cycle, and the technique using second extraction, the Oleum Camelliae remaining in tea seed cake is extracted again, improve the product of Oleum Camelliae
Amount, and being improved follow-up tea seed cake by-product using purity.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic front view of present invention elasticity shelling mechanism.
Fig. 2 is the left view schematic diagram of present invention elasticity shelling mechanism.
Wherein: 1- operating board, 2- fore-stock, 3- after-poppet, plate that 4- peels off, plate of peeling off under 5-, 6- upper half ball groove, under 7-
Half ball groove, 8- pressure shell is followed closely, 9- lift cylinder, and 10- is driven cylinder, 11- positioning convex, 12- return spring assembly.
Specific embodiment
In order that those of ordinary skill in the art is better understood on technical scheme, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and
Embodiment is further described to technical scheme.
Embodiment: a kind of method of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae, comprise the following steps:
1) pluck Oleum Camelliae: at the beginning of the annual 10-12 month, pluck Oleum Camelliae；
2) preserve: the camellia oleosa seed cleaning remove impurity of harvesting, it is put in sealing storage in green glass vessel, 4 DEG C of reserve temperature, in green glass
Desiccant laid on the inwall of glass vessel, keeps water content in green glass vessel 7%；Green glass vessel are cuboid
Structure, in rectangular structure, multilamellar setting up and down places plate, and arranges storage tank on described green glass inner wall of utensil, often
Layer is placed and is placed camellia oleosa seed on plate, places oxygen scavenger in described storage tank, and logical into green glass vessel in storage
Enter nitrogen, because the quality of Oleum Camelliae has close relationship with the quality of camellia oleosa seed, but also the storage with camellia oleosa seed in the course of processing
There is very big relation.If storage is improper, due to the moisture-absorption characteristicss of camellia oleosa seed, moisture can be gradually increasing, and then makes camellia oleosa seed
Water activity be gradually increased, cause the degradation reaction speed of its internal substance to accelerate, thus reducing the quality of camellia oleosa seed, directly
Have influence on the quality of Oleum Camelliae, higher water content is easily that the activity of microorganism creates favorable conditions, and is more easily caused seed and goes mouldy；
Green glass vessel resisting ultraviolet radiation, protectiveness is good, and nitrogen is combined with oxygen scavenger and preferably plays antioxidative effect,
And large quantity of air can be driven out of by the seal it is ensured that in green glass vessel by nitrogen；
3) feed: the camellia oleosa seed of storage is promoted to by cleaning tank by lifting machine equipment and is combined clearing up, combined cleaning includes sieving
Choosing and cleaning remove impurity, first pass through and select up-to-standard camellia oleosa seed, reject shrivelled seed, then carry out hairbrush to surface and remove
Live together reason, hairbrush remove impurity processes and specifically carries out on hairbrush knot screen, this device mainly include some horizontally arranged one
The brush roll up and down rising, arranges elastic partss between the hairbrush of upper and lower brush roll and roll body, so in camellia oleosa seed in upper and lower brush roll
Between multiple remove impurity is repeatedly carried out by hairbrush, the clean degree on camellia oleosa seed surface and bright and clean be ensure that when peeling off by this device
Degree, reduces the difficulty running into during peeling off, and can reduce hair by the adjustment effect of elastic partss in dedoping step
The damage to camellia oleosa seed surface for the brush, and when the camellia oleosa seed upper and lower brush roll position of entrance in heaps, can also by the effect of elastic partss
Increase the space between upper and lower brush roll, flexible adjustment, upper and lower brush roll blocking will not be made, but the mesh of remove impurity can also be reached simultaneously
's；
4) peel off: the Oleum Camelliae of combined cleaning carries out crushing in huller, process of peeling off；
4) peel off: the camellia oleosa seed of combined cleaning carries out crushing in huller, process of peeling off；
Referring to the drawings shown in 1-2, peel off and adopt huller, described huller includes elastic shelling mechanism and operating board 1, described
Elastic shelling mechanism is arranged on described operating board 1, described elasticity shelling mechanism include peeling off plate 4 and under peel off plate 5, in institute
State one layer of upper half ball groove 6 of setting on plate 4 of peeling off, setting some pressure shells nail 8, described episphere in each described upper half ball groove 6
Pressure shell nail 8 formation inner circle pressure shell faces in groove 6, plate 5 of peeling off under described is provided with described on the upper half ball groove peeled off in plate 4
The lower half ball groove 7 that 6 match, described upper half ball groove 6 and described lower half ball groove 7 form a complete pressure shell groove, described lower stripping
The bottom of coverboard 5 front end face is hingedly connected on fore-stock 2, and rear end face bottom is arranged on after-poppet 3 by positioning convex 11,
Positioning convex 11 and the setting of locating slot separate type, when peeling off, positioning convex 11 and locating slot coordinate clamping, during discharging, convex
Play 11 to separate with locating slot, structure is simple, and resistance is little, and described after-poppet 3 is provided with and determining that described positioning convex 11 matches
Position groove, and plate 5 bottom setting lift cylinder 9 of peeling off under described, described on peel off one group of transmission cylinder 10 arranged on plate 4, pass
Cylinder 10 of taking offence is arranged on bracing frame, and peel off on described plate 4 and described under peel off return spring assembly be set between plate 5
12；It is additionally provided with feeding mechanism in the side of described elasticity shelling mechanism, and the opposite side in described elasticity shelling mechanism is additionally provided with
Discharging mechanism, described feeding mechanism includes block form passage, flashboard and area to be peeled off, and described flashboard passes through motor control liter
Fall；
Concrete operations are, Semen Camelliae passes through block form passage blanking, when blanking to wait peel off area when, motor drives flashboard to push,
The Semen Camelliae in area to be peeled off is separated with the Semen Camelliae in block form passage, and the Semen Camelliae in area to be peeled off is sent into elasticity
In shelling mechanism, in each complete pressure shell groove, place a Semen Camelliae to be peeled off, after placing, transmission cylinder 10 promotes,
By on plate 4 of peeling off push, during pushing, Semen Camelliae is peeled off, should during due to Semen Camelliae be spherical structure,
Therefore the elastic shelling mechanism of the present invention can mitigate the injury during peeling off, Semen Camelliae tea core being caused, prevent the tea scratching
Core is invaded by dust, antibacterial, impurity etc. and affects DNA purity；Also set up return spring assembly in above-mentioned elasticity shelling mechanism
12, after the completion of peeling off, lift cylinder 9 operates, plate 5 of peeling off under jack-up upwards, and peels off by return spring assembly 12
Plate 4 and under peel off plate 5 separately, hole becomes big, and along with the effect of lift cylinder 9, the tea core directly completing peeling off, Camellia oleifera Abel are fallen
Enter in discharging mechanism；
5) separation of hull from kernel: tea core is extracted by cyclone separator；
6) squeezing is extracted: coordinates lifting machine equipment to carry out multiple circular press by screw press, is carried out using cold press method
Squeezing is extracted；
7) tea seed cake cold treatment: tea seed cake is carried out cold treatment, storage time 60 minutes, cold treatment refers to be pressed into the tea seed cake of extraction
Round pie, dries, and loads in woven bag, in the moistureproof cylinder of one layer of outside socket of woven bag, one layer of suction of cladding outside moistureproof cylinder
Damp cotton, and tea seed cake is placed at a temperature of 1-2 DEG C；
8) extract: butane in subcritical abstraction device, and the rich mixture of step 6 squeezing is extracted, using ultrasonic
Ripple vibrates, extraction time 70 minutes, extracting pressure 0.4mpa, extraction temperature 35-45 DEG C, and in extraction process, heater is to Asia
Critical fluids device is heated, and in extraction process, first 20 minutes extraction temperature are 35 DEG C, and extraction temperature is 40 within middle 20 minutes
DEG C, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C within last 30 minutes；The efficiency of extraction can be greatly improved by temperature extracting process stage by stage
And quality, the pick-up rate of Oleum Camelliae improves with the rising of extraction temperature, the yield highest when 45 DEG C, but is in decline after 45 DEG C
Trend, so that the dissolubility of oils and fatss is gradually increased by the way of gradually heating up, if Oleum Camelliae yield improves directly by temperature
It is increased to 45 DEG C, then due to the transient process of extractant and rich mixture neither one temperature, lead to molten between solution
Xie Du receives impact, and its effect does not have present invention effect in three stages more preferable；
Mixed liquor after extraction is separated to evaporator, then injects butane in subcritical abstraction device, repeat said process；
9) evaporate: the mixed liquor in above-mentioned steps is evaporated under reduced pressure in evaporator, removes remaining extractant, evaporating temperature
At 40-50 DEG C, temperature in the evaporation process method using gradually rising, stop when the pressure in evaporator reaches 0.1mpa
Only, now remaining extractant volatilization finishes, and the liquid obtaining is Oleum Camelliae；
10) the secondary utilization of tea seed cake: grind through the preserved tea seed cake of step (7) squeezing, the tea seed cake powder after grinding all proceeds to filter paper
In cylinder, in one layer of absorbent cotton of filtration paper cylinder bottom plug, cover one layer of absorbent cotton above again, and dry 12 hours at a temperature of 60 DEG C, will
Filtration paper cylinder equipped with tea seed cake powder is immersed in after 3-5 days in petroleum ether, oil sample and petroleum ether is all proceeded in evaporator, treats oil
Ether volatilization is dry, has both obtained Oleum Camelliae.
Ultimate principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description is originally for personnel
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement both falls within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
1) pluck Oleum Camelliae: at the beginning of the annual 10-12 month, pluck Oleum Camelliae；
2) preserve: the camellia oleosa seed cleaning remove impurity of harvesting, it is put in sealing storage in green glass vessel, 4 DEG C of reserve temperature, in green glass
Desiccant laid on the inwall of glass vessel, keeps water content in green glass vessel 7%；
3) feed: the Oleum Camelliae of storage is promoted to by cleaning tank by lifting machine equipment and is combined clearing up；
4) peel off: the Oleum Camelliae of combined cleaning carries out crushing in huller, process of peeling off；
5) separation of hull from kernel: tea core is extracted by cyclone separator；
6) squeezing is extracted: coordinates lifting machine equipment to carry out multiple circular press by screw press, is carried out using cold press method
Squeezing is extracted；
7) tea seed cake cold treatment: tea seed cake is carried out cold treatment, storage time 60 minutes, cold treatment refers to be pressed into the tea seed cake of extraction
Round pie, dries, and loads in woven bag, in the moistureproof cylinder of one layer of outside socket of woven bag, one layer of suction of cladding outside moistureproof cylinder
Damp cotton, and tea seed cake is placed at a temperature of 1-2 DEG C；
8) extract: butane in subcritical abstraction device, and the rich mixture of step 6 squeezing is extracted, using ultrasonic
Ripple vibrates, extraction time 70 minutes, extracting pressure 0.4mpa, extraction temperature 35-45 DEG C, and in extraction process, heater is to Asia
Critical fluids device is heated, and in extraction process, first 20 minutes extraction temperature are 35 DEG C, and extraction temperature is 40 within middle 20 minutes
DEG C, extraction temperature is 45 DEG C within last 30 minutes；
Mixed liquor after extraction is separated to evaporator, then injects butane in subcritical abstraction device, repeat said process；
9) evaporate: the mixed liquor in above-mentioned steps is evaporated under reduced pressure in evaporator, removes remaining extractant, evaporating temperature
At 40-50 DEG C, temperature in the evaporation process method using gradually rising, stop when the pressure in evaporator reaches 0.1mpa
Only, now remaining extractant volatilization finishes, and the liquid obtaining is Oleum Camelliae；
10) the secondary utilization of tea seed cake: grind through the preserved tea seed cake of step (7) squeezing, the tea seed cake powder after grinding all proceeds to filter paper
In cylinder, in one layer of absorbent cotton of filtration paper cylinder bottom plug, cover one layer of absorbent cotton above again, and dry 12 hours at a temperature of 60 DEG C, will
Filtration paper cylinder equipped with tea seed cake powder is immersed in after 3-5 days in petroleum ether, oil sample and petroleum ether is all proceeded in evaporator, treats oil
Ether volatilization is dry, has both obtained Oleum Camelliae.
2. a kind of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that: described step
(2) the green glass vessel in " preserving " are rectangular structure, and in rectangular structure, multilamellar setting up and down places plate, and in institute
State setting storage tank on green glass inner wall of utensil, place for every layer and Oleum Camelliae is placed on plate.
3. a kind of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae according to claim 2 method it is characterised in that: deposit described
Place oxygen scavenger in groove, and be passed through nitrogen into green glass vessel in storage.
4. a kind of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that: described step
(4) in " peeling off ", peel off and adopt huller, described huller includes elastic shelling mechanism and operating board, described elasticity is peeled off
Mechanism is arranged on described operating board, and described feeding mechanism is arranged on the side of described elasticity shelling mechanism, described discharging mechanism
It is arranged on the opposite side of described elasticity shelling mechanism.
5. a kind of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae according to claim 4 method it is characterised in that: described charger
Structure includes block form passage, flashboard and area to be peeled off, and described flashboard is lifted by motor control.
6. a kind of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae according to claim 5 method it is characterised in that: described elasticity stripping
Shell mechanism include peeling off plate and under peel off plate, plate of peeling off on described arranges one layer of upper half ball groove, each described episphere
Setting some pressure shells nail in groove, the pressure shell nail in described upper half ball groove forms inner circle pressure shell face, and plate of peeling off under described is provided with
With described on the lower half ball groove that matches of the upper half ball groove peeled off in plate, described upper half ball groove forms one with described lower semisphere groove
Complete pressure shell groove.
7. a kind of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae according to claim 6 method it is characterised in that: peel off under described
The bottom in front edge of board face is hingedly connected on fore-stock, and rear end face bottom is arranged on after-poppet by positioning convex, described after
Support is provided with the locating slot matching with described positioning convex, and plate bottom setting lift cylinder of peeling off under described.
8. a kind of subcritical fluid extraction Oleum Camelliae according to claim 6 method it is characterised in that: peel off on described
One group of transmission cylinder is arranged on plate, and peel off on described plate and described under peel off return spring assembly be set between plate.
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| CN112725063A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Subcritical tea seed oil extraction method |
| CN113061484A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-07-02 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for increasing content of squalene in camellia seed oil |
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