CN106350085A - Dry distillation apparatus - Google Patents
Dry distillation apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106350085A CN106350085A CN201610812894.3A CN201610812894A CN106350085A CN 106350085 A CN106350085 A CN 106350085A CN 201610812894 A CN201610812894 A CN 201610812894A CN 106350085 A CN106350085 A CN 106350085A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- destructive distillation
- distillation device
- hot semicoke
- semicoke
- tripper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dry distillation apparatus, comprising a material conveyer, a rotary radiation bed and a sealed conveyer; the material conveyer is provided with a coal inlet, a hot semicoke inlet and a material outlet; the rotary radiation bed is provided with a material inlet and a hot semicoke outlet, and the material inlet is communicated with the material outlet; the sealed conveyer is provided with a first feed port and a first discharge port, the first feed port is communicated with the hot semicoke outlet, and the first discharge port is communicated with the hot semicoke inlet. By using the dry distillation apparatus, it is possible to effectively increase the heat exchange rate of raw coal such that the rotary radiation bed can finish pyrolytic reaction with small heat exchange area; in addition, the contact of the raw coal with hot semicoke also enables oil gas to be quickly vaporized, such that the oil gas can be avoided being secondarily pyrolyzed in slow heating process; furthermore, the hot semicoke is returned to the material conveyer in an external circulation manner to engage in quick heat exchange with the raw coal, and the amount of return of the hot semicoke can be more effectively controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal chemical technology, in particular to a kind of destructive distillation device.
Background technology
Smalls is the necessary side-product producing in progress of coal mining, is increased using modern performing comprehensive coal mining equipment simultaneously
The yield of smalls.China is stronger to the dependency of coal resources at present, at present to low-rank coal development of resources and clean utilization by
Gradually pay attention to, this be maintain China's sustainable economic development it is ensured that energy security development Important Action.In presently disclosed technology
In, the either technology such as coal liquifaction, natural gas from coal, ammonia from coal, or low, medium and high temperature coke, the technology of gas,
Using raw coal granule substantially in more than 25mm, more intractable for the smalls less than 25mm.
Smalls pyrolysis enables its clean and effective and utilizes, and thermal decomposition product has tar, pyrolysis coal gas and high heating value semicoke.Semicoke
Can be used as carbide raw material, blast furnace blowing fuel and fuel used to generate electricity etc..Calorific value of gas is high, can directly as domestic gas using or or
Person extracts lng etc..Tar can be hydrogenated with and produce petrol and diesel oil etc. as industrial chemicals.
It is pyrolyzed at this stage and has internal heat type and external-heat according to mode of heating, internal heat type technique has vertical furnace technology at present, consolidates
Body heat carrier distillation process and CFBB and pyrolysis coupling systems technology etc..The semicoke that vertical heater distillation process produces
Property is unstable, and calorific value of gas is low, and value is low, and the production capacity of single device is little；The coal that hot solid carrier devolatilization technique produces
Gas calorific value is high, and half breeze is more, and as fuel requirement efflorescence after-combustion, tar ash is high, leads to subsequent treatment costly；Follow
Circulation fluidized bed boiler and pyrolysis coupling system actually belong to hot solid carrier devolatilization, and it is currently in the pilot scale stage, not large-scale
Industrialized production case.
External-heat technique mainly has external-heating revolving distillation process at present, such as utility model patent 2012200438830, sends out
Bright patent 201110161521.1, this technique produces coal tar, semicoke and high heating value gas.But this technology greatest problem is it
Heat exchange area increase is limited, can only increase heat exchange area by increasing kliner coating area, that is, the unit disposal ability of kiln is limited, and will
Kiln body cannot increase as heat exchanger tube, the diameter of kiln, and diameter is bigger, and kiln body intensity is poorer, and heat exchange and kiln body diameter limit its list
Machine disposal ability.
According to above-mentioned, internal heat type and external-heat distillation apparatus are compared, the structure of hot solid carrier devolatilization equipment is relatively tight
Rush, thermal medium and coal directly contact, its heat transfer coefficient is big, saves equipment；External-heat distillation apparatus have multitube rotary furnace with outward
Heating type retort furnace, but it transfers heat to coal by external heat source, and because of gas-solid heat exchange characteristic, the coefficient of heat transfer is limited, heat-transfer surface
Long-pending big, equipment volume is big.
The semicoke temperature that external-heat distillation apparatus produce, between 500～650 DEG C, is returned by special construction or equipment
Return in distillation apparatus, quickly coal temperature can be improved, heat exchange area can be saved, equipment volume reduces.Utility model patent
201220044178.2, using arranging outside returns structure on distillation apparatus, semicoke are returned to gas retort leading portion, improve overall
Heat transfer coefficient, can quickly improve raw coal temperature, but back amount is uncontrollable.Patent of invention 201510494558.4, employs interior
Mixing structure, arranges reverse acting spiral structure in gas retort, partial material is returned to feed end, but back amount is uncontrollable.
For these reasons it is necessary to provide a kind of destructive distillation device possessing returning charge function, more effectively to accelerate to improve
Coal temperature.
Content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of destructive distillation device, with the coal temperature solving destructive distillation device in prior art improve slow, change
The excessive problem of hot area.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the invention, it is provided a kind of destructive distillation device, comprising: raw material
Conveyer, ingredient conveyor is provided with coal entrance, hot semicoke entrance and material outlet；Rotatable radiation bed, in rotatable radiation bed
It is provided with feed(raw material)inlet and the outlet of hot semicoke, feed(raw material)inlet is connected with material outlet；And hermetic conveyer, on hermetic conveyer
It is provided with first charging aperture and the first discharging opening, first charging aperture and hot semicoke outlet, and the first discharging opening and hot semicoke
Entrance connects.
Further, hermetic conveyer is air-tight buried scraper machine.
Further, destructive distillation device also includes bucket elevator, and the first discharging opening passes through bucket lifting with hot semicoke entrance
Machine connects.
Further, destructive distillation device also includes tripper, tripper is provided with tripper charging aperture and the first discharging is propped up
Pipe, tripper charging aperture and hot semicoke outlet, the first discharging arm is connected with the first charging aperture of hermetic conveyer.
Further, tripper is additionally provided with the second discharging arm；Destructive distillation device also includes semicoke conveying chiller,
Semicoke conveying chiller is connected with the second discharging arm.
Further, ingredient conveyor is conveying worm, and the screw pitch of conveying worm is along near material outlet
Direction be gradually increased.
Further, rotatable radiation bed includes: rotary barrel, and rotary barrel is provided with feed(raw material)inlet, the outlet of hot semicoke
And raw coke oven gas outlet；And radiation tube bank, radiation tube bank be located at rotary barrel in, radiation tube bank on be provided with heat smoke entrance and
Heat smoke exports.
Further, destructive distillation device also includes: flue gas cover, and flue gas cover is connected with heat smoke entrance；First air leaving cover, first
Air leaving cover and heat smoke outlet；Second air leaving cover, the second air leaving cover and raw coke oven gas outlet.
Further, destructive distillation device also includes: the first heat-insulation layer, is arranged on the inwall of flue gas cover；Second heat-insulation layer, if
Put on the inwall of the first air leaving cover；And the 3rd heat-insulation layer, it is arranged on the inwall of the second air leaving cover.
Further, tripper is electric drive tripper or hydraulic-driven tripper.
Using destructive distillation device provided by the present invention, the heat exchange efficiency of feed coal can be effectively improved, so that rotatable radiation
Bed just can complete pyrolytic reaction under less heat exchange area.Meanwhile, feed coal contact with hot semicoke can also make
Oil gas quickly volatilizees such that it is able to avoid oil gas second pyrolysises in temperature-rise period at a slow speed.Additionally, will by the way of outer circulation
Hot semicoke returns in ingredient conveyor and carries out quick heat exchange with feed coal, and the back amount of hot semicoke can more effectively be controlled
System is such that it is able to more effectively control the heating rate of feed coal, more effectively to control its pyrolytic reaction.
Brief description
The Figure of description constituting the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and the present invention shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate for explaining the present invention, does not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows according to the destructive distillation device in one embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, reference is as follows:
10th, ingredient conveyor；101st, coal entrance；102nd, hot semicoke entrance；20th, rotatable radiation bed；201st, feed(raw material)inlet；
202nd, hot semicoke outlet；203rd, heat smoke entrance；204th, heat smoke outlet；205th, raw coke oven gas outlet；30th, hermetic conveyer；40、
Bucket elevator；50th, tripper；60th, semicoke conveying chiller.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can phases
Mutually combine.To describe the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.
As background section is introduced, there is coal temperature and improve slow, heat-transfer surface in destructive distillation device of the prior art
Long-pending excessive problem.In order to solve this problem, the invention provides a kind of destructive distillation device, as shown in figure 1, this device include former
Material conveyer 10, rotatable radiation bed 20 and hermetic conveyer 30；Coal entrance 101, hot semicoke are provided with ingredient conveyor 10
Entrance 102 and material outlet；Feed(raw material)inlet 201 and hot semicoke outlet 202, feed(raw material)inlet 201 are provided with rotatable radiation bed 20
Connect with material outlet；First charging aperture and the first discharging opening, first charging aperture and hot semicoke are provided with hermetic conveyer 30
Outlet 202 connects, and the first discharging opening is connected with hot semicoke entrance 102.
In the above-mentioned destructive distillation device that the present invention provides, by the hot semicoke entrance 102 on ingredient conveyor 10 and rotatable radiation
Hot semicoke outlet 202 on bed 20 is connected, so can by hot semicoke in the presence of hermetic conveyer 30 from rotatable radiation
The outside of bed 20 returns in ingredient conveyor 10, and then is delivered to rotatable radiation bed 20 together with feed coal and is pyrolyzed.?
During this, the hot semicoke of high temperature can make feed coal be rapidly heated, thus effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of feed coal, so that turning
Formula radiation bed 20 just can complete pyrolytic reaction under less heat exchange area.Meanwhile, feed coal contact with hot semicoke
Oil gas can also be made quickly to volatilize such that it is able to avoid oil gas second pyrolysises in temperature-rise period at a slow speed.Additionally, adopting outer circulation
Mode will hot semicoke return ingredient conveyor 10 in carry out quick heat exchange with feed coal, the back amount of hot semicoke can obtain more
Efficiently control such that it is able to more effectively control the heating rate of feed coal, more effectively to control its pyrolytic reaction.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, hermetic conveyer 30 is air-tight buried scraper machine.Air-tight buried scraper machine can
High temperature resistant more than 750 DEG C, wearability is good, good seal performance, and being capable of frequency conversion conveying material.Specifically, air-tight buried scraper machine
Sealed using nitrogen and pressurize, safety is higher, and back amount is more controlled.In actual mechanical process, air-tight buried scraper
Machine adopt frequency control motor adjust feeding coal, meet chain speed change requirement, and interior have pressure-fired ,≤100pa.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, destructive distillation device also includes bucket elevator 40, and the first discharging opening is entered with hot semicoke
Mouth 102 is connected by bucket elevator 40.Bucket elevator 40 is high temperature resistant, and (550～750 DEG C) are wear-resisting, reliable and stable, by high temperature
Semicoke is promoted to certain altitude.Hot semicoke can be delivered in sealed states further by raw material by bucket elevator 40 defeated
Send at machine 10.Similarly, bucket elevator 40 is also adopted by nitrogen and is sealed and pressurize, inside has pressure-fired ,≤50pa.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, destructive distillation device also includes tripper 50, tripper 50 is provided with tripper and enters
Material mouth and the first discharging arm, tripper charging aperture and hot semicoke outlet 202 connect, the first discharging arm and hermetic conveyer 30
First charging aperture connection.The back amount of hot semicoke more effectively can be controlled using tripper 50.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, tripper 50 is additionally provided with the second discharging arm；Destructive distillation device also includes half
Burnt conveying chiller 60, semicoke conveying chiller 60 is connected with the second discharging arm.So, the hot semicoke except returning
Outward, the hot semicoke of another part just can convey chiller 60 by semicoke and carry out cooling down conveying.Semicoke conveys chiller 60
Heat resistant and wear resistant, possesses refrigerating function, conveying function, more preferably possesses function of weighing, provides further tune for returning semicoke
Whole parameter.
Specifically, semicoke conveying chiller 60 includes air-tight buried scraper machine and waste heat boiler, or presss from both sides for band water-cooled
The scrapper conveyor (water spray facility is put in inside) of set, or for having the spiral shell of axle center cooling, delivery pipe water collar or internal spraying function
Rotation conveyer.
In order that semicoke back amount is realized more accurately controlling, preferably tripper 50 is electric drive tripper or hydraulic-driven is divided
Glassware.Electric drive tripper or hydraulic-driven tripper all can adjust two punishment doses with more becoming more meticulous.Additionally, tripper 50
Can be high temperature resistant 750 DEG C, good seal performance.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, ingredient conveyor 10 is conveying worm, and the screw pitch of conveying worm
It is gradually increased along the direction near material outlet.So, the inducer coal filling rate of conveying worm is high, discharge end coal filling rate
Low, just can seal rotatable radiation bed 20 inner barrel steam or coal gas, there is certain sealing function.It is highly preferred that spiral
Conveyer is double-screw conveyor, and double-screw conveyor has conveying and the dual-use function of stirring, can be to feed coal and heat half
Jiao plays stirring action, thus further speed up coal temperature improving.It is further preferred that the axle of conveying worm is hollow axle, and
Become joint with rotation to be connected.So axle can also use as outlet pipe.It is highly preferred that the material of conveying worm: rotating shaft material
Select 304, helical blade material selects 304, spiral outer tube selects 304.It is provided with heat-insulation layer on the outer tube of conveying worm.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, rotatable radiation bed 20 includes rotary barrel and radiation tube bank, and rotary barrel sets
It is equipped with feed(raw material)inlet 201, hot semicoke outlet 202 and raw coke oven gas outlet 205；Radiation tube bank is located in rotary barrel, radiation tube bank
On be provided with heat smoke entrance 203 and heat smoke outlet 204.
In actual mechanical process, feed coal enters feed bin, under gravity or under unloader effect, enters into raw material
Conveyer 10 and the mixing of hot semicoke, and entered in the rotary barrel of rotatable radiation bed 20 by ingredient conveyor 10, and in rotation
Move forward in the rotation process of cylinder, carry out heat exchange with the heat smoke from heat smoke entrance 203 in moving process, coal absorbs heat
After there are a series of pyrolytic reactions, generate semicoke and raw coke oven gas.High temperature raw coke oven gas goes to dust pelletizing system from raw coke oven gas outlet 205,
High warm semicoke drops in tripper 50 from hot semicoke outlet 202, and then part semicoke returns from outside, remaining semicoke simultaneously
It is transported to semicoke conveying chiller 60.Heat smoke from radiation tube bank afterbody out after, from hot cigarette under flue gas pulling function
Smoke processing system or drying system are gone in gas outlet 204.
Preferably, rotatable radiation bed 20 adopts horizontal inclined arrangement, and by the coal direction of motion from low to high, gradient is 1～4%
Between, the cylindrical structure of rotary barrel, its rotary rpm about 0.5～5r/min.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, destructive distillation device also includes flue gas cover, the first air leaving cover and the second air leaving cover, flue gas
Cover is connected with heat smoke entrance 203；First air leaving cover is connected with heat smoke outlet 204；Second air leaving cover exports 205 with raw coke oven gas
Connection.Flue gas cover is hot blast distributor chamber, is connected with least one of radiation tube bank radial canal, its temperature is 800～1000 DEG C.
Flue gas cover is arranged in underface (with horizontal plane) or the side (with plane-parallel) of rotatable radiation bed 20, and and air stove
Connect.First air leaving cover and the second air leaving cover are respectively as the collector of flue gas and raw coke oven gas.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, destructive distillation device also includes the first heat-insulation layer, is arranged on the inwall of flue gas cover；The
Two heat-insulation layers, are arranged on the inwall of the first air leaving cover；And the 3rd heat-insulation layer, it is arranged on the inwall of the second air leaving cover.Protect
Warm layer includes heat-preservation cotton and the antifriction metal (AFM) inner bag being arranged on heat-preservation cotton internal layer.
In specific operating process, the destructive distillation device in the present invention has two states: when the heating rate of feed coal
When enough, semicoke can not be circulated in outside.And when the intensification of feed coal is excessively slow, it is possible to use outer loop semicoke is changed
Kind.Specifically, those skilled in the art can be operated by the above-mentioned teaching of the present invention, will not be described here.
Seen from the above description, the heat exchange effect of feed coal can using destructive distillation device provided by the present invention, be effectively improved
Rate, so that rotatable radiation bed just can complete pyrolytic reaction under less heat exchange area.Meanwhile, feed coal and hot semicoke
Contact oil gas can also be made quickly to volatilize such that it is able to avoid oil gas second pyrolysises in temperature-rise period at a slow speed.Additionally, adopting
The mode of outer circulation returns hot semicoke in ingredient conveyor and carries out quick heat exchange with feed coal, and the back amount of hot semicoke can obtain
To more effectively controlling such that it is able to more effectively control the heating rate of feed coal, more effectively to control its pyrolytic reaction.
In addition, above-mentioned destructive distillation device simple system, equipment is stable, independently operable；Using electrical means, can reach
Exact automatic operates；Tar yield can be improved, improve tar quality.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of destructive distillation device is it is characterised in that include:
Ingredient conveyor (10), described ingredient conveyor (10) is provided with coal entrance (101), hot semicoke entrance (102) and former
Material outlet；
Rotatable radiation bed (20), described rotatable radiation bed (20) is provided with feed(raw material)inlet (201) and hot semicoke outlet (202),
Described feed(raw material)inlet (201) is connected with described material outlet；And
Hermetic conveyer (30), described hermetic conveyer (30) is provided with first charging aperture and the first discharging opening, and described first
Charging aperture exports (202) with described hot semicoke and connects, and described first discharging opening is connected with described hot semicoke entrance (102).
2. destructive distillation device according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described hermetic conveyer (30) is air-tight buried scraper
Machine.
3. destructive distillation device according to claim 1 and 2 is it is characterised in that described destructive distillation device also includes bucket elevator
(40), described first discharging opening is connected by described bucket elevator (40) with described hot semicoke entrance (102).
4. destructive distillation device according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described destructive distillation device also includes tripper (50), institute
State and tripper charging aperture and the first discharging arm are provided with tripper (50), described tripper charging aperture is gone out with described hot semicoke
Mouth (202) connection, described first discharging arm is connected with the described first charging aperture of described hermetic conveyer (30).
5. destructive distillation device according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that be additionally provided with the second discharging on described tripper (50)
Arm；Described destructive distillation device also includes semicoke conveying chiller (60), described semicoke conveying chiller (60) and described the
Two discharging arm connections.
6. destructive distillation device according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described ingredient conveyor (10) be conveying worm,
And the screw pitch of described conveying worm is gradually increased along the direction near described material outlet.
7. destructive distillation device according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described rotatable radiation bed (20) includes:
Rotary barrel, described rotary barrel is provided with described feed(raw material)inlet (201), described hot semicoke outlet (202) and waste coal
Gas exports (205)；And
Radiation tube bank, described radiation tube bank is located in described rotary barrel, and described radiation tube bank is provided with heat smoke entrance
(203) and heat smoke outlet (204).
8. destructive distillation device according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that described destructive distillation device also includes:
Flue gas cover, described flue gas cover is connected with described heat smoke entrance (203)；
First air leaving cover, described first air leaving cover is exported (204) and connects with described heat smoke；
Second air leaving cover, described second air leaving cover is exported (205) and connects with described raw coke oven gas.
9. destructive distillation device according to claim 8 is it is characterised in that described destructive distillation device also includes:
First heat-insulation layer, is arranged on the inwall of described flue gas cover；
Second heat-insulation layer, is arranged on the inwall of described first air leaving cover；And
3rd heat-insulation layer, is arranged on the inwall of described second air leaving cover.
10. destructive distillation device according to claim 4 it is characterised in that described tripper (50) be electric drive tripper or
Hydraulic-driven tripper.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610812894.3A CN106350085A (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2016-09-09 | Dry distillation apparatus |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610812894.3A CN106350085A (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2016-09-09 | Dry distillation apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110631357A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-31 | 山西智容新能源科技有限公司 | High-efficiency external heating type rotary kiln |
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