CN106343960A - Raised preset level triangular wave frequency coding spectral imaging system applied to breasts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a raised preset level triangular wave frequency coding spectral imaging system applied to breasts. The imaging system has the advantages that triangular waves, with different frequencies and double ratio relationship, of the raised preset level are used for driving each single-color light source in a group of single-color light sources; each pixel point in an image received by a camera is combination of single-color light, penetrating through the breasts, of each single-color light source; in the image collecting process of the camera, the noise level does not change; for triangular wave signals as driving, the preset level is raised, so that the triangular wave signals are obviously improved than the noise at the low level part of the triangular wave signals; the signal-to-noise ratio of the image obtained by the camera at the low level section of the triangular wave signals is improved; further, the precision of the single-color light combination input into a computer is improved; the single-color light combination is separated by the computer to obtain the contribution of each single-color light source in the single-color light combination; therefore the transmission high-spectrogram imaging of the breasts is realized.

Description

It is applied to mammary gland and raise predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager

Technical field

The present invention relates to imaging system field, more particularly, to one kind are applied to mammary gland raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency volume Code Hyperspectral imager.

Background technology

By light, interior of articles is imaged in prior art, particularly inside of human body is imaged, have lossless The outstanding advantages that noinvasive is radiationless, but not yet have the mammary gland transmission imaging light measurement system that can enter family's use to be used for so far Regular tumor self-inspection, its reason is the high cost of existing breast imaging system, computing complexity, limited precision it is impossible to expire Breast self-exams in sufficient practical application need.

In order to improve image measurement quality, notification number of the prior art is cn 104814721 a, and the day for announcing is 2015 The year patent application of August 5 improves image quality by the use of triangular wave as pumping signal.

Inventor, during realizing the present invention, finds at least to suffer from the drawback that in above-mentioned prior art and not enough:

Because existing imaging system is bar none all using analog-digital converter, analog-digital converter is near input limits Exist significantly non-linear when (maximum or minimum amplitude), the analog signal level of particularly input analog-to-digital converter is lower, obtains The uncertainty of the digital conversion results arriving is bigger.

Therefore, using pure triangular wave as pumping signal when, the digital signal obtaining in the low level part of triangular wave Signal to noise ratio just very low, thus have impact on the overall signal to noise ratio of image.

Content of the invention

The invention provides one kind is applied to mammary gland raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager, this Invention by triangular wave is adjusted to the triangular wave raising predetermined level, improves the overall signal to noise ratio of image, as detailed below retouches State:

One kind is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager, described imaging system bag Include: one group of monochromater and photographic head are respectively distributed to the both sides of mammary gland tissue sample, the linear arrangement of each monochromater, adopt Pool light beam with lens, constitute light source；One photographic head constitutes light source receiver part；

Using different frequency and become the triangular wave that 2 times of ratio raise predetermined level to drive respectively in one group of monochromater Each monochromater, in the image that photographic head receives each pixel be each monochromater pass through mammary gland monochromatic light group Close；

During camera collection image, noise level does not change, but as the triangular signal driving Due to having raised predetermined level, in the low level part of triangular signal, triangular signal improves substantially compared to noise, thus Improve in triangular signal low level section, photographic head gets the signal to noise ratio of image, and then improve and be input in computer Monochromatic light combination precision；

Computer carries out separating the contribution obtaining each monochromater in monochromatic light combination to monochromatic light combination, real accordingly Now the transmission high-spectrum of mammary gland is imaged.

Wherein, as the triangular signal driving due to having raised predetermined level, in the high level part of triangular signal, Improve the signal to noise ratio that photographic head gets image.

Wherein, more than half is optimal for the dynamic range of images that the value of predetermined level gathers for photographic head.

Described monochromater, described photographic head are symmetrical arranged on described mammary gland tissue sample two sides.

Wherein, described monochromater is laser diode；Or described monochromater is monochrome photodiode.

Further, described photographic head is mobile phone camera.

The beneficial effect of the technical scheme that the present invention provides is: the present invention adopts different frequency and becomes 2 times of ratio lifts The triangular wave of high predetermined level drives monochromater, and the photosignal that photographic head is detected carries out separation and can obtain monochromatic light The contribution of each monochromater in combination, and then realize the imaging to mammary gland tissue sample, compared to the public affairs in background technology Announcement number is cn 104814721 a, and the day for announcing is the patent application of August 5 in 2015, invention significantly increases in triangular wave The signal to noise ratio of the image of signal low level section, and then improve the quality that photographic head gets image；And then improve and be input to The precision of the monochromatic light combination in computer, realizes the transmission high-spectrum imaging to mammary gland tissue sample accordingly.The present invention is real The system that having showed high speed, the high-acruracy survey of big information, and the present invention provides has the advantages that low cost, application are convenient, fits It is suitable for family's self-inspection.

Brief description

Fig. 1 raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager for the mammary gland that is applied to that the present invention provides Structural representation；

Monochromater, mammary gland tissue sample and photographic head relative position schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention；

The schematic diagram raising predetermined level triangular wave that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention.

In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:

1: one group of monochromater；2: lens；

3: mammary gland tissue sample；4: photographic head.

Specific embodiment

For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below embodiment of the present invention is made further Ground describes in detail.

Embodiment 1

One kind is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Imaging system includes: one group of n monochromater 1 (is represented with ld, the wavelength of monochromater is between 600～1200nm, this ripple Section is " optical window ", and penetration depth is deep) and a photographic head 4, (wherein, the concrete value of n and mammary gland tissue sample 3 Related to the sensitivity of different wave length, the embodiment of the present invention is without limitation)；One group of monochromater 1 is distributed in mammary gland group Knit the side of sample 3, a photographic head 4 is distributed in the opposite side of mammary gland tissue sample 3；

Wherein, each monochromater ld in one group of monochromater 1₁…ld_nLinear arrangement, pools one using lens 2 Shu Guang, constitutes array light source；Photographic head 4 constitutes multi wave length illuminating source receiving device, and photographic head 4 is cmos or ccd, existing photographic head 4 light that can gather near infrared band.This imaging system also includes the computer (not shown) external with photographic head 4.

Referring to Fig. 3, using different frequency and become the triangular wave that 2 times of ratio raise predetermined level to drive one group of list respectively Each monochromater ld in color light source 1_i, photographic head 4 is acquired, and in the image collecting, each pixel is that each is single Color light source ld_iMonochromatic light through mammary gland tissue sample 3 combines i_ij.

After the embodiment of the present invention raises predetermined level, during photographic head 4 collection image, noise level does not occur Change, but as the triangular signal driving due to having raised predetermined level, in the low level part of triangular signal, triangular wave Signal improves substantially compared to noise, thus improve the signal to noise ratio of the image in triangular signal low level section；Notification number is Cn 104814721 a, the day for announcing is the patent application using pure triangular wave as pumping signal of August 5 in 2015, the present invention Embodiment considerably improves the signal to noise ratio of the image in triangular signal low level section, and then improves photographic head 4 and get The quality of image.

Further, since raising predetermined level, noise level is not changed in, in the high level part of triangular signal, triangle Ripple signal also has some improvement compared to noise, improves the signal to noise ratio of the image in triangular signal high level section.

And then, (in the image that wherein, photographic head 4 receives, each pixel is every to the image being got due to photographic head 4 Individual monochromater pass through mammary gland tissue sample 3 monochromatic light combination) signal to noise ratio integrally strengthen so that being input in computer Monochromatic light combination has higher precision.

Wherein, the preferred photographic head of the value of predetermined level 4 collection dynamic range of images more than half when, signal be more than etc. In 1/2 dynamic range of images, the distortion of the signal being collected by photographic head 4 is little, picture quality is high.

Computer combines i to monochromatic light_ijCarry out separating and can obtain monochromatic light combination i_ijIn each monochromater ld_i's Contribution, constitutes the transmission image under each wavelength.According to normal structure, tumor tissues etc. in mammary gland tissue sample 3 under each wavelength Optical characteristics are different, carry out the transmitted light imaging measurement of mammary gland tissue sample 3, realize the early detection of tumor.

Wherein, computer combines i to monochromatic light_ijCarry out separating and can obtain monochromatic light combination i_ijIn each monochromatic light Source ld_iContribution step particularly as follows:

1) assume to drive the ld of monochromater_jHighest frequency f_max4m speed photosignal is carried out sample f_s=4m ×f_max, obtain sampled signal x (m), wherein m is the positive integer more than or equal to 1；

$x\left(m\right)=\underset{i=0}{\overset{m-1}{\σ}}x(4lm+i),l=0,1,2,......---\left(1\right)$

2) computer is by the sampling in the positive and negative half period in each triangle corresponding to each wavelength respectively period of wave Signal is added up, and accumulation result carries out seeking difference operation；

That is, the sampled value of the positive half period of each triangular wave in certain time (integer triangle period of wave) is added up Obtain adding up with the sampled value of the negative half period of each triangular wave adds up and obtains adding up with this two are added up and subtract each other.

3) difference of each wavelength above-mentioned is carried out k cycle or k periodic accumulation of integral multiple, wherein:

$k=\frac{a\frac{1}{f_{\min }}}{\frac{1}{f_n}}---\left(2\right)$

In formula: f_minFor the low-limit frequency in excitation triangular wave；A is preset constant, and value is just whole more than or equal to 1 Number, a/f_minCycle for lower sampling；f_nTriangular wave driving frequency for handled wavelength.

For x, value is sampled to amplitude, if uniform sampling n (> ＞ 1 within the regular hour) put and carry out average, obtain To meansigma methodss be

$\stackrel{\&overbar;}{x}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\[x_i\]=\frac{1}{n}n(\[x\]+{\mathrm{\δx}}_i)=\[x\]+{\mathrm{\δx}}_i---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, [x] is that analog-digital converter quantifies to x, namely the positive integer that round off rounding obtains.x_iIt is The amplitude of i point, [x_i] it is analog-digital converter to x_iQuantified, namely the positive integer that round off rounding obtains.

(3) formula shows, the signal sampling that is compared with " clean " repeatedly carries out averagely, to improve its precision, institute The error of the meansigma methodss obtaining is identical with the error of unitary sampling, is δ x_i.

If sawtooth waveforms is sampled for x to amplitude, uniform sampling n (> ＞ 1 equally within the regular hour) put and carry out Averagely, the meansigma methodss obtaining are

$\stackrel{\&overbar;}{x}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\[x_i\]=\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}\[m_i+{\mathrm{\δx}}_i\]---\left(4\right)$

Wherein, x_i=m_i+δx_i, m_i=[x_i].Namely m_iIt is that rounding obtains positive integer, and δ x_iBe be rounded after lose " random " error gone.

(4) formula can obtain further with arithmetic series sum formula:

$\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{\&overbar;}{x}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}{m}_i+\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}{\mathrm{\δx}}_i=\frac{1}{n}\frac{1}{2}(0+\[x\])n+\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}{\mathrm{\δx}}_i\\ =\frac{1}{2}\[x\]+\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\σ}}{\mathrm{\δx}}_i\end{array}---\left(5\right)$

(5) the previous item in formula is value after quantifying although less than the result of (3) formula half, but according to error theory, The precision of one data does not change because being multiplied by a fixing non-zero constant.But it is the random number of zero-mean in one next, Compare will reduce in (3) formulaTimes, therefore, sawtooth waveforms or triangular wave pumping signal are carried out equally can obtaining after over-sampling To putting forward high-precision effect, and do not need in addition to increase frequency disturbing signal.

To the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices is not limited the embodiment of the present invention, As long as the device of above-mentioned functions can be completed.

In sum, because the embodiment of the present invention is with respect to the application documents in background technology, considerably improve three The signal to noise ratio of the image of angle ripple signal low level section, and also improve the signal to noise ratio of the image in triangular signal high level section, And then improve the signal noise ratio (snr) of image of whole level section so that the monochromatic light combination being input in computer has higher precision, And then improve the quality of high-spectrum imaging it is achieved that detection to mammary gland tissue sample.

Embodiment 2

One kind is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, This embodiment is using laser diode as monochromater ld₁…ld_nAs a example illustrate.

Using different frequency and become the triangular wave that 2 times of ratio raise predetermined level to drive one group of monochromater 1 respectively In each laser diode ld_i, in photographic head 4, each pixel receives each laser diode ld_iThrough mammary gland tissue sample This 3 monochromatic light combination i_ij；Computer combines i to monochromatic light_ijCarry out separating and can obtain monochromatic light combination i_ijIn each swash Optical diode ld_iContribution, transmission high-spectrum imaging can be carried out to mammary gland tissue sample 3 accordingly.

Computer disposal step in the present embodiment is all same as Example 1, and the present embodiment will not be described here.

To the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices is not limited the embodiment of the present invention, As long as the device of above-mentioned functions can be completed.

In sum, because the embodiment of the present invention is with respect to the application documents in background technology, considerably improve three The signal to noise ratio of the image of angle ripple signal low level section, and also improve the signal to noise ratio of the image in triangular signal high level section, And then improve the signal noise ratio (snr) of image of whole level section so that the monochromatic light combination being input in computer has higher precision, And then improve the quality of high-spectrum imaging it is achieved that detection to mammary gland tissue sample.

Embodiment 3

One kind is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, This embodiment is using monochrome photodiode as monochromater ld₁…ld_nAs a example illustrate.

Using different frequency and become the triangular wave that 2 times of ratio raise predetermined level to drive one group of monochromater 1 respectively In each monochrome photodiode ld_i, in photographic head 4, each pixel receives each monochrome photodiode ld_iThrough mammary gland tissue sample This 3 monochromatic light combination i_ij；Computer combines i to monochromatic light_ijCarry out separating and can obtain monochromatic light combination i_ijIn each is single Color diode ld_iContribution, transmission high-spectrum imaging can be carried out to mammary gland tissue sample 3 accordingly.

Computer disposal step in the present embodiment is all same as Example 1, and the present embodiment will not be described here.

To the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices is not limited the embodiment of the present invention, As long as the device of above-mentioned functions can be completed.

In sum, because the embodiment of the present invention is with respect to the application documents in background technology, considerably improve three The signal to noise ratio of the image of angle ripple signal low level section, and also improve the signal to noise ratio of the image in triangular signal high level section, And then improve the signal noise ratio (snr) of image of whole level section so that the monochromatic light combination being input in computer has higher precision, And then improve the quality of high-spectrum imaging it is achieved that detection to mammary gland tissue sample.

Embodiment 4

One kind is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, This embodiment is using laser diode as monochromater ld₁…ld_n, mobile phone camera illustrates as a example photographic head.

Using different frequency and become the triangular wave that 2 times of ratio raise predetermined level to drive one group of monochromater 1 respectively In each laser diode ld_i, in cell-phone camera 4, each pixel receives each laser diode ld_iThrough mammary gland tissue The monochromatic light combination i of sample 3_ij；Computer combines i to monochromatic light_ijCarry out separating and can obtain monochromatic light combination i_ijIn each Laser diode ld_iContribution, transmission high-spectrum imaging can be carried out to mammary gland tissue sample 3 accordingly.

Computer disposal step in the present embodiment is all same as Example 1, and the present embodiment will not be described here.

To the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices is not limited the embodiment of the present invention, As long as the device of above-mentioned functions can be completed.

In sum, because the embodiment of the present invention is with respect to the application documents in background technology, considerably improve three The signal to noise ratio of the image of angle ripple signal low level section, and also improve the signal to noise ratio of the image in triangular signal high level section, And then improve the signal noise ratio (snr) of image of whole level section so that the monochromatic light combination being input in computer has higher precision, And then improve the quality of high-spectrum imaging it is achieved that detection to mammary gland tissue sample.

Embodiment 5

One kind is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, This embodiment is using monochrome photodiode as monochromater ld₁…ld_n, mobile phone camera illustrates as a example photographic head.

Using different frequency and become the triangular wave that 2 times of ratio raise predetermined level to drive one group of monochromater 1 respectively In each monochrome photodiode ld_i, in mobile phone camera 4, each pixel receives each monochrome photodiode ld_iThrough mammary gland group Knit the monochromatic light combination i of sample 3_ij；Computer combines i to monochromatic light_ijCarry out separating and can obtain monochromatic light combination i_ijIn each Individual laser diode ld_iContribution, transmission high-spectrum imaging can be carried out to mammary gland tissue sample 3 accordingly.

Computer disposal step in the present embodiment is all same as Example 1, and the present embodiment will not be described here.

To the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices is not limited the embodiment of the present invention, As long as the device of above-mentioned functions can be completed.

In sum, because the embodiment of the present invention is with respect to the application documents in background technology, considerably improve three The signal to noise ratio of the image of angle ripple signal low level section, and also improve the signal to noise ratio of the image in triangular signal high level section, And then improve the signal noise ratio (snr) of image of whole level section so that the monochromatic light combination being input in computer has higher precision, And then improve the quality of high-spectrum imaging it is achieved that detection to mammary gland tissue sample.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the embodiments of the present invention Sequence number is for illustration only, does not represent the quality of embodiment.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. one kind is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding Hyperspectral imager, described imaging system application In mammary gland tissue sample, comprising: one group of monochromater and photographic head are respectively distributed to the both sides of mammary gland tissue sample, each is monochromatic The linear arrangement of light source, pools light beam using lens, constitutes light source；One photographic head constitutes light source receiver part；It is special Levy and be,

Using different frequency and to become the triangular wave that 2 times of ratio raise predetermined level to drive respectively each in one group of monochromater Individual monochromater, in the image that photographic head receives, each pixel is the monochromatic light combination that each monochromater passes through mammary gland；

During camera collection image, noise level does not change, but as drive triangular signal due to Raise predetermined level, in the low level part of triangular signal, triangular signal improves substantially compared to noise, thus improving In triangular signal low level section, photographic head gets the signal to noise ratio of image, and then improve the list being input in computer The precision of coloured light combination；

Computer carries out separating the contribution obtaining each monochromater in monochromatic light combination to monochromatic light combination, and it is right to realize accordingly The transmission high-spectrum imaging of mammary gland.

2. one kind according to claim 1 is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding high light spectrum image-forming system System it is characterised in that as drive triangular signal due to having raised predetermined level, in the high level portion of triangular signal Point, improve the signal to noise ratio that photographic head gets image.

3. one kind according to claim 1 is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding high light spectrum image-forming system System it is characterised in that the dynamic range of images that gathers for photographic head of the value of predetermined level more than half is optimal.

4. the one kind according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding EO-1 hyperion Imaging system is it is characterised in that described monochromater, described photographic head are symmetrical arranged on described mammary gland tissue sample two sides.

5. the one kind according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding EO-1 hyperion Imaging system is it is characterised in that described monochromater is laser diode.

6. the one kind according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding EO-1 hyperion Imaging system is it is characterised in that described monochromater is monochrome photodiode.

7. the one kind according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 is applied to mammary gland and raises predetermined level triangular wave frequency coding EO-1 hyperion Imaging system is it is characterised in that described photographic head is mobile phone camera.