CN106340368B

CN106340368B - Alternating composite excitation assembly and application thereof in motor and transformer

Info

Publication number: CN106340368B
Application number: CN201610193997.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴珊珊; 朱石柱
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-08-28
Filing date: 2016-03-31
Publication date: 2021-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2036-03-31
Also published as: CN106340368A; CN106100274A; WO2017036354A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an alternating composite excitation assembly and application thereof in a rotating motor, a linear motor and a transformer, wherein the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of an even number of layers of iron cores and a plurality of magnetic isolation layers, the magnetic isolation layers are arranged between the layers of iron cores, the even number of layers of iron cores and the magnetic isolation layers form a closed loop shape or an open loop shape, each layer of iron cores are provided with one or two notches, the notches of each layer of iron cores are embedded with permanent magnets, two magnetic pole surfaces of each permanent magnet are tightly attached to two opposite sides of the notch of the iron core, a gap is reserved between one side surface of each permanent magnet and the side edge of the notch of the iron core, in addition, the magnetic polarity directions of the embedded permanent magnets at the notches of the two adjacent layers of iron cores. The alternating composite excitation assembly superposes the permanent magnetic potential and the excitation magnetic potential to form an alternating composite excitation magnetic field, so that the electromagnetic energy efficiency can be improved. The invention also provides an example of the application of the alternating composite excitation assembly to a rotating motor, a linear motor and a transformer.

Description

Alternating composite excitation assembly and application thereof in motor and transformer

Technical Field

The invention relates to a motor technology, in particular to a composite excitation assembly capable of generating an alternating composite magnetic field, an alternating composite excitation rotary motor and a linear motor which are formed by adopting the assembly, and an alternating composite excitation gain transformation device.

Background

In the traditional switched reluctance motor stator, the permanent magnetic potential of a permanent magnet and the excitation magnetic potential of an exciter are compounded to act on a motor rotor, so that a new technical approach is created for improving the efficiency of the motor. Chinese patent CN201010102546.x (Nanjing aerospace university) discloses a mixed excitation block stator and rotor switched reluctance motor, wherein a permanent magnet is embedded between two stator tooth notch of a U-shaped stator block, an excitation coil is wound on a yoke of the U-shaped stator block, and an excitation magnetic field generated by each excitation coil wound on the yoke of the U-shaped stator block is connected in parallel with a permanent magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet embedded between two stator tooth grooves of the U-shaped stator block. In the structure, because the magnetic polarity direction of the embedded permanent magnet is fixed, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and the excitation magnetic field can jointly generate parallel connection effect on the outside only under the condition that the direction of the excitation current input by the excitation coil is consistent with the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. Chinese patent CN201310584450.5 (sandaran) discloses embedding a permanent magnet or two permanent magnets in a monolithic iron core. When alternating excitation current is input into the excitation coil, if a permanent magnet is embedded into the single iron core, a composite excitation magnetic field can be generated only under the excitation condition of excitation current in a certain direction, and the alternating magnetic field with the same magnetic field intensity cannot be obtained at the end face of the magnetic pole of the single iron core. If two permanent magnets with opposite magnetic pole directions are embedded in the single iron core, when alternating excitation current is input into the excitation coil, the magnetic path interference between the two permanent magnets and the excitation magnetic field can partially reduce the composite efficiency of excitation and permanent magnets, so that the contribution of the permanent magnet magnetic field to the composite excitation magnetic potential is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a compound excitation assembly capable of generating an alternating compound magnetic field by properly and reasonably designing an iron core structure, and the compound excitation assembly capable of generating the alternating magnetic field is applied to a rotary motor, a linear motor and an alternating current transformer.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide an alternating composite excitation assembly, which is characterized in that: the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of even-numbered iron cores and a plurality of magnetic isolation layers, the magnetic isolation layers are arranged between the iron cores, the even-numbered iron cores and the magnetic isolation layers form a closed loop shape or an open loop shape, one or two gaps are formed in each layer of iron core, permanent magnets are embedded in the gaps of each layer of iron core, two magnetic pole surfaces of each permanent magnet are tightly attached to two opposite sides of the gap of the iron core, a gap is reserved between one side surface of each permanent magnet and the side edge of the gap of the iron core, in addition, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the gaps of the two adjacent layers of iron cores are opposite, and the same group of excitation coils surrounds.

In the technical scheme of the alternating composite excitation assembly, the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of a group of excitation coils and an even number of open-loop C-shaped or U-shaped or V-shaped iron core layers, magnetic isolation layers are arranged between the iron core layers, one or two gaps are arranged in each iron core layer, permanent magnets are embedded in the gaps of the iron core layers, two magnetic pole faces of each permanent magnet are tightly attached to two opposite sides of the gap of the iron core, a gap is reserved between one side face of each permanent magnet and the side edge of the gap of the iron core, in addition, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the gaps of the two adjacent layers of iron cores are opposite, and the excitation coils of the same group surround the periphery of the.

In the technical scheme of the alternating composite excitation assembly, the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of a group of excitation coils and an even number of closed-loop iron core layers, closed-loop magnetic isolation layers are arranged between the iron core layers, each iron core layer is provided with one or two gaps, rectangular permanent magnets are embedded in the gaps of the iron core layers, two magnetic pole surfaces of each permanent magnet are tightly attached to two opposite sides of the rectangular gaps of the iron core, a gap is reserved between one side surface of each rectangular permanent magnet and the side edge of each iron core gap, in addition, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the gaps of the two adjacent iron core layers are opposite, and the excitation coils of the same group are wound on the periphery of the iron cores of.

In the above-described technical solution of the alternating field composite excitation assembly, the basic characteristics and the operation principle are substantially the same, although the shapes of the iron cores are different. The single iron core is designed into an even number of iron core layer structures, and all layers are magnetically isolated, so that when forward current is input into an exciting coil, composite excitation magnetic potential can be generated at the magnetic salient pole ends of the odd number of iron cores, when reverse current is input into the exciting coil, composite excitation magnetic potential can be generated at the magnetic salient pole ends of the even number of iron cores, and when the forward and reverse excitation current strength is equal, the alternating magnetic fields at the magnetic salient pole ends of the even number of iron cores are opposite in direction and equal in strength.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an alternating hybrid excitation rotating electrical machine, which comprises a rotor and a stator, and is characterized in that: the stator is composed of a stator seat and a plurality of alternating composite excitation components, the alternating composite excitation components are annularly, uniformly and symmetrically arranged on the stator seat, each alternating composite excitation component is magnetically isolated from each other, an iron core of each alternating composite excitation component is double-layer C-shaped, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two notches are arranged at positions, close to an open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are embedded in the two notches respectively, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, and the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets embedded in the notches of the C-shaped iron cores between different layers are in opposite directions; the rotor comprises pivot, circular support and a plurality of permanent magnet unit, and the pivot is fixed with the support, and a plurality of permanent magnet unit set up on circular support, have the gap between two adjacent permanent magnet units, and the magnetic polarity of two adjacent permanent magnet units is different, and the rotor rotates, and two permanent magnet magnetic pole faces homoenergetic of every permanent magnet unit on the circular support are gone by coincidence between two magnetic pole terminal surfaces of all alternating composite excitation subassembly C shape iron cores on the stator seat, and have the air gap between permanent magnet unit permanent magnet magnetic pole terminal surface and the C shape iron core magnetic pole terminal surface.

In the above technical scheme, the rotor is composed of a rotating shaft, a circular bracket, permanent magnet units and magnetizer units, the rotating shaft is fixed to the bracket, the permanent magnet units and the magnetizer units are alternately and uniformly arranged on the circular bracket, a gap exists between each magnetizer unit and the adjacent permanent magnet unit, the magnetic polarity directions of the two adjacent permanent magnet units are different, the rotor rotates, two permanent magnet pole faces of each permanent magnet unit and two magnetic conduction end faces of each magnetizer unit on the circular bracket can pass through the stator seat in a superposition manner between the two pole end faces of all alternating composite excitation assembly C-shaped iron cores, and air gaps exist between the permanent magnet pole end faces of the permanent magnet units and the magnetic conduction end faces of the magnetizer units and the pole end faces of the C-shaped iron cores.

In order to realize the purpose, the alternating composite excitation linear motor comprises a movable part and a fixed part, and is characterized in that: the fixed piece is composed of a fixed piece seat and a plurality of alternating composite excitation components, the alternating composite excitation components are fixed in a notch of the fixed piece seat at equal intervals according to setting, an iron core of the alternating composite excitation component is double-layer C-shaped, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two rectangular notches are arranged at positions, close to an open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in the two notches, the magnetic polarity directions of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the notches of the C-shaped iron cores between different layers are opposite, the movable piece is composed of a movable piece seat and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are embedded in the notches of the movable piece seat at equal intervals according to setting, the magnetic polarities of the two adjacent permanent magnets are different, and the magnetic pole end faces of, namely, two polar end faces of each permanent magnet are parallel and opposite to two magnetic pole end faces of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly iron core, when the moving piece moves along the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece, the vertical center line of the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly on the fixed piece seat is sequentially overlapped with the vertical center line of the permanent magnetic pole end face of each permanent magnet on the moving piece seat one by one, and an air gap exists between the magnetic pole end face of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly and the permanent magnetic pole end face.

In the technical scheme of the alternating composite excitation linear motor, the moving part is composed of a moving part seat, a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of magnetizers, the permanent magnets and the magnetizers are alternately embedded in the notch of the moving part seat according to setting, the permanent magnet magnetic pole end faces and the magnetizer magnetic conduction end faces are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the moving part seat, and the magnetic polarities of the two adjacent permanent magnets are different.

In order to realize the purpose, another alternating composite excitation linear motor is also provided, which comprises a movable part and a fixed part, and is characterized in that: the fixed piece is composed of a fixed piece seat and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are embedded in the notch of the fixed piece seat at set equal intervals, the magnetic polarity directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are different, and the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets face the vertical direction of the longitudinal axis of the moving direction of the moving piece seat; the moving part consists of a moving part seat and a plurality of alternating composite excitation assemblies, and the alternating composite excitation assemblies are fixed in a notch of the moving part seat at set equal intervals; the iron core of the alternating composite excitation assembly is double-layer C-shaped, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between the two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two rectangular notches are arranged at the positions, close to the open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are embedded in the two rectangular notches of each layer of C-shaped iron core respectively, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of each layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, and the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets embedded in the notches of the C-shaped iron cores between the different layers are in opposite directions;

the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets on the fixed piece seat are parallel and opposite to the two magnetic pole end faces of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation iron cores on the movable piece seat, and air gaps exist between the magnetic pole end faces of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assemblies and the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets; when the movable piece moves linearly along the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece, the vertical center line of the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly on the movable piece is sequentially overlapped with the vertical center line of the magnetic pole end face of each permanent magnet on the fixed piece seat one by one.

In the technical scheme of the alternating composite excitation linear motor, the fixed piece is composed of a fixed piece seat, a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of magnetizers, the permanent magnets and the magnetizers are alternately embedded in a notch of the fixed piece seat according to setting, the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets and the magnetizer are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece seat, and the magnetic polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets are different.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an alternating composite excitation transformer, characterized in that: the alternating composite excitation assembly comprises an alternating composite excitation assembly, an input coil and an output coil, wherein the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of an even number of closed-loop iron core layers, closed-loop magnetic isolation layers are arranged between the iron core layers, each iron core layer is provided with one or two gaps, a permanent magnet is embedded in each gap of the iron core layer, two magnetic pole surfaces of the permanent magnet are tightly attached to two opposite sides of the gap of the iron core, a gap is reserved between one side surface of the permanent magnet and the side edge of the gap of the iron core, in addition, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the gaps of the two adjacent iron core layers are opposite, and the input coil and the output coil are surrounded on the periphery of each closed-.

The invention has the advantages that,

1. the problem of obtaining the alternating composite excitation magnetic field with opposite magnetic field directions and equal magnetic field intensity at the magnetic salient pole of the alternating composite excitation assembly is solved.

2. The method provides a feasible technical scheme for effectively superposing the magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet to the excitation magnetic potential and improving the electromagnetic energy efficiency.

3. The alternating composite excitation assembly capable of generating the alternating composite magnetic field is applied to the rotating motor and the linear motor, so that the structure of the motor is simplified, the torque of the motor is greatly improved, the consistency of the torque of the motor is ensured, and the torque stability of the control performance of the motor is also obviously improved.

4. The motor rotor adopts a structure that the permanent magnets and the magnetizers are arranged alternately, so that the running stability of the motor is improved, the permanent magnet material can be saved, the manufacturing cost of the motor is reduced, and the energy is saved.

5. The composite excitation closed-loop component capable of generating the alternating magnetic field is applied to the transformer, so that a novel alternating-current gain transformer is formed, the loss of the transformer can be made up, and the energy efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural development schematic diagram of an alternating composite excitation assembly capable of generating an alternating magnetic field, and an iron core is in a double-layer open-loop C shape.

Fig. 2 shows the resulting multiple field magnetic polarities in the outer core when the field coil is energized with a reverse current.

Fig. 3 shows the magnetic polarity of the field formed in the outer core when the field coil is energized with a forward current. (in this case, the permanent magnet magnetic potential does not contribute to the magnetic potential at the pole end face of the outer core)

Fig. 4 shows that the outer core has no magnetic potential when the exciting coil has no current flow.

Fig. 5 shows the resulting multiple field magnetic polarities in the inner core when the field coil is energized with a reverse current.

Fig. 6 shows the magnetic polarity of the field formed in the inner core when the field coil is energized with a forward current. (in this case, the permanent magnet magnetic potential does not contribute to the magnetic potential at the pole end face of the outer core)

Fig. 7 shows that the inner core has no magnetic potential when the exciting coil has no current flow.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner rotor hybrid excitation motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid excitation motor in which a magnetizer is added between permanent magnets of an inner rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a structural assembly diagram of an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of characteristic positions of an alternating-field compound excitation linear motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a characteristic position two of an alternating-field compound excitation linear motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a characteristic position three of an alternating-field compound excitation linear motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural assembly diagram of an alternating-current hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a characteristic position of an alternating-field compound excitation linear motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a characteristic position two of an alternating-field compound excitation linear motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a third characteristic position of an alternating-field compound excitation linear motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid excitation linear motor in which a permanent magnet and a magnetizer are embedded in a moving member according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 19 and fig. 18 are schematic structural views of a hybrid excitation linear motor with permanent magnets and magnetizers embedded in fixed parts according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is an expanded schematic view of the structure of the alternating field hybrid excitation assembly capable of generating an alternating magnetic field according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, where the iron core is a double-layer closed-loop rectangle.

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural outline diagram of an alternating composite excitation assembly capable of generating an alternating magnetic field according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, where an iron core is a double-layer closed-loop rectangle.

Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the primary coil is energized in a forward current state.

Fig. 23 is an outline view of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which a primary coil is in a forward current flowing state.

Fig. 24 is an external view of another angle structure of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the primary coil is in a forward current passing state.

Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, with no current applied to the primary coil.

Fig. 26 is an outline view of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which no current is applied to the primary coil.

Fig. 27 is an external view of another angle structure of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the primary coil is in a non-current-applying state.

Fig. 28 is a cross-sectional view of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the primary coil is energized in a reverse current state.

Fig. 29 is an outline view of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which a primary coil is in a reverse current state.

Fig. 30 is an external view of another angle structure of a closed-loop double-layer core assembly according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the primary coil is energized in a reverse current state.

In the above drawings, 1 is a C-shaped outer core, 2 is a permanent magnet (N pole above), 3 is a permanent magnet (N pole above), 4 is a gap between the side surface of the permanent magnet and the gap of the outer core, 5 is a magnetic isolation layer, 6 is a C-shaped inner core, 7 is a permanent magnet (S pole above), 8 is a permanent magnet (S pole above), 9 is a gap between the side surface of the permanent magnet and the gap of the inner core, 10 is an excitation coil, 11 is an excitation magnetic line formed in the outer core when the excitation coil is energized with a reverse excitation current, 12 is a permanent magnetic line formed in the outer core and opened by the excitation current when the excitation coil is energized with a reverse excitation current, 13 is a permanent magnetic line formed in the outer core when the excitation coil is energized with a forward excitation current, 14 is a permanent magnetic line formed around the gap between the outer core and the permanent magnet when the excitation coil is energized with a forward excitation current, 15 is a permanent magnetic line of force formed by the permanent magnet around the gap between the outer iron core and the permanent magnet under the condition that the exciting coil has no exciting current, 16 is an exciting magnetic line of force formed in the inner iron core when the exciting coil is energized with a reverse exciting current, 17 is a permanent magnetic line of force formed by the permanent magnet around the gap between the outer iron core and the permanent magnet when the exciting coil is energized with a reverse exciting current, 18 is a positive exciting current energized by the exciting coil, 19 is an exciting magnetic line of force formed in the inner iron core when the exciting coil is energized with a positive exciting current, formed in the inner iron core and opened by the exciting current, 20 is a permanent magnet formed by the permanent magnet around the gap between the inner iron core and the permanent magnet under the condition that the exciting coil has no exciting current, 21 is a circular bracket, 22 is a rotating shaft, and 23 is, 24 is a permanent magnet embedded in a notch of an iron core, 25 is an outer C-shaped iron core, 26 is a magnetic isolation layer, 27 is an inner C-shaped iron core, 28 is an excitation coil, 31 is a circular bracket, 32 is a rotating shaft, 33 is a permanent magnet fixed on the circular bracket, 34 is a permanent magnet embedded in the notch of the iron core, 35 is an outer C-shaped iron core, 36 is a magnetic isolation layer, 37 is an inner C-shaped iron core, 38 is an excitation coil, 39 is a magnetizer, 41 is a fixed-piece seat, 42 is an alternating composite excitation assembly, 43 is a permanent magnet, 44 is a movable-piece seat, 51 is a movable-piece seat, 52 is an alternating composite excitation assembly, 53 is a permanent magnet, 54 is a fixed-piece seat, 61 is a fixed-piece seat, 62 is an alternating composite excitation assembly, 63 is a permanent magnet, 64 is a movable-piece seat, 65 is a magnetizer, 71 is a movable-piece seat, 72 is an alternating composite excitation assembly, 73 is a, 82 is a secondary coil, 83 is a closed-loop outer iron core, 84 is a closed-loop inner iron core, 85 is a closed-loop magnetic isolation layer, 86 is a permanent magnet embedded in a gap of the inner iron core, 87 is a permanent magnet embedded in a gap of the outer iron core, 88 is a gap between the side surface of the permanent magnet embedded in the gap of the iron core and the iron core, 91 is a primary coil, 92 is a secondary coil, 93 is a composite excitation magnetic line of force of the inner layer of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is energized with forward current, 94 is a composite excitation magnetic line of force of the outer layer of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is energized with forward current, 95 is a magnetic line of force formed by the outer permanent magnet of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is energized with forward current, 97 is a composite excitation magnetic line of force of the inner layer of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is, magnetic lines of force formed by the inner permanent magnet of the closed-loop iron core, 99 is when no current flows through the primary coil, magnetic lines of force formed by the outer permanent magnet of the closed-loop iron core, 100 is when reverse current flows through the primary coil, magnetic lines of force formed by the inner permanent magnet of the closed-loop iron core, 101 is when reverse current flows through the primary coil, magnetic lines of force formed by the inner excitation of the closed-loop iron core, 102 is when reverse current flows through the primary coil, magnetic lines of force formed by the outer permanent magnet of the closed-loop iron core, 103 is when reverse current flows through the primary coil, magnetic lines of force formed by the inner excitation of the closed-loop iron core, and 104.

Detailed Description

Example one

The embodiment is an alternating composite excitation assembly adopting a double-layer C-shaped iron core.

Fig. 1 shows an expanded schematic diagram of a double-layer C-shaped iron core alternating composite excitation assembly structure in the embodiment.

In the embodiment, the C-shaped iron core is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer, namely an outer layer iron core 1 and an inner layer iron core 6, and a magnetic isolation layer 5 is arranged between the two layers of iron cores; the outer layer iron core 1 is respectively provided with two notches, the permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 3 are respectively embedded, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 3 are the same, namely, the upper part is an N pole, the lower part is an S pole, a gap 4 is arranged between the side surfaces of the permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 3 and the outer layer iron core 1, two gaps are respectively arranged on the inner layer iron core 6 and are respectively embedded into the permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8, the magnetic polarity directions of the inner layer permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8 are the same, namely, the upper part is S pole, the lower part is N pole, a gap is arranged between the side surfaces of the permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8 and the inner layer iron core 6, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 3 of the outer layer iron core 1 are opposite to the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8 of the inner layer iron core 6, and the same group of excitation windings are wound on the periphery of the double-layer C-shaped iron core to form an alternating composite excitation assembly capable of generating an alternating magnetic field. The magnetic resistance between the inner and outer layers of closed magnetic circuits is far greater than that between the magnetic sources in the inner closed magnetic circuits of the inner and outer layers, and the inner and outer layers of the closed magnetic circuits are both a multi-magnetic-source multi-branch complex closed magnetic circuit consisting of an electric excitation source and a permanent magnetic source.

The working principle that the double-layer C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly can generate an alternating magnetic field is as follows:

firstly, when a reverse current is introduced into an excitation winding 10, namely an S pole is formed on the end face of an upper magnetic pole at the open loop of an outer-layer iron core (as shown in figure 2), and an N pole is formed on the end face of a lower magnetic pole at the open loop of the outer-layer iron core, in the outer-layer iron core, because the excitation direction is the same as the direction of a permanent magnetic field, not only excitation magnetic lines 11 generated by excitation of an excitation coil but also permanent magnetic lines 12 formed by a permanent magnet 2 and a permanent magnet 3 under the action of the excitation current of the excitation coil are formed; meanwhile, when a reverse current is applied to the field winding 10, an S pole is also formed on the upper magnetic pole end surface of the inner core (as shown in fig. 5), and an N pole is also formed on the lower magnetic pole end surface of the inner core. However, the directions of the permanent magnetic fields of the permanent magnets 7 and the permanent magnets 8 embedded in the inner-layer iron core are opposite to the direction of the excitation magnetic field formed by the excitation winding 10, so that the permanent magnets 7 and the permanent magnets 8 embedded in the inner-layer iron core keep the original closed permanent magnetic loop 14 formed by the nearest iron core magnetic circuit, and thus, only excitation magnetic lines 16 formed by excitation of the excitation coil are generated in the air gap of the inner-layer iron core.

Secondly, when a forward current is introduced into the excitation winding 10, the magnetic polarities of the magnetic pole end faces at the open loops of the outer iron core (as shown in fig. 3) and the inner iron core (as shown in fig. 6) are also changed in an overturning manner, the upper magnetic pole end face forms an N pole, the lower magnetic pole end face forms an S pole, only excitation magnetic lines 13 generated by excitation of the excitation coil are formed in the outer iron core, and both the excitation magnetic lines 18 and the permanent magnetic lines 19 are formed in the inner iron core, so that a composite magnetic potential formed by superposition of excitation and permanent magnetism is formed at the upper and lower magnetic pole end faces of the inner iron core, and the magnetic potential formed between the upper and lower magnetic pole end faces of the outer iron core is only excitation magnetic potential.

Thirdly, when no current flows in the excitation winding, as shown in fig. 4, the permanent magnet embedded in the outer layer iron core surrounds the gap to form a closed magnetic loop 15, as shown in fig. 7, the permanent magnet embedded in the inner layer iron core surrounds the gap to form a closed magnetic loop 20, so that the end faces of the magnetic poles of the outer layer iron core and the inner layer iron core have no magnetic potential.

Fourthly, when the excitation winding is fed with the forward and reverse alternating excitation current, N.S alternating current composite excitation magnetic field which is synchronous with the change frequency of the excitation current is generated in the end face of the magnetic pole of the double-layer iron core.

The embodiment can generate the composite alternating magnetic field, and the change of the composite alternating magnetic field changes along with the change of the excitation current direction of the excitation coil, so that a new way is opened up for the application of the composite alternating magnetic field in the rotating motor, the linear motor and the transformer, and the energy efficiency and the controllability of the rotating motor, the linear motor and the transformer can be comprehensively improved.

Example two

The embodiment is the application of the alternating composite excitation assembly in the switched reluctance rotating machine. The structure of the motor of the embodiment is shown in figure 8.

The ten C-shaped alternating composite excitation assemblies are annularly, uniformly and symmetrically arranged on the stator seat, the alternating composite excitation assemblies are magnetically isolated from one another, and the circular support 21, the rotating shaft 22 and the sixteen permanent magnets 23 jointly form a rotor.

The structure of ten C-shaped alternating composite excitation assemblies is shown in the attached drawings 1 to 7, iron cores of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assemblies are double-layer C-shaped, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between the two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two rectangular notches are arranged at positions, close to an open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in the two rectangular notches, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of different layers of C-shaped iron cores are opposite, and the working principle of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assemblies is.

Sixteen permanent magnets 23 are embedded in the circular support 21, gaps exist between every two adjacent permanent magnets, the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets point to the radial direction of the motor, and the magnetic polarities of the two adjacent permanent magnets are different.

The rotor rotates, two permanent magnet pole faces of each permanent magnet on the circular support can sweep between two pole end faces of all alternating composite excitation assembly C-shaped iron cores on the stator seat, and an air gap exists between the permanent magnet pole end faces of the permanent magnet units and the pole end faces of the C-shaped iron cores.

Since the alternating composite excitation assemblies on the stator are magnetically isolated from each other, the current direction and the current magnitude can be controlled independently, and part of functions are realized by an excitation power supply control circuit.

The control principle of the motor of the embodiment is that according to the relative position of the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly and the magnetic pole end of the permanent magnet, the excitation control current controls the direction of the excitation current input to the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly, so as to achieve the purposes of obtaining positive torque and avoiding negative torque, and the specific control process is as follows:

when the magnetic pole end face of a certain C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly on the motor stator is opposite to the magnetic pole end face of a certain permanent magnet on the motor rotor, namely when the radial center line of the magnetic pole end surface of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component is superposed with the radial center line of the magnetic pole end surface of the permanent magnet and then departs from a certain angle, (the radial center line of the magnetic pole end face of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component refers to a ray which starts from the center of a rotating shaft of the motor and passes through the geometric center point of the circular pole end face of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component of the stator, the radial center line of the magnetic pole end face of the permanent magnet refers to a ray which starts from the center of the rotating shaft of the motor and passes through the geometric center point of the circular pole end face of the permanent magnet of the rotor) the excitation power supply control circuit changes the excitation current direction of the C-shaped alternating composite, namely, the forward excitation current is changed into the reverse excitation current through zero current, or the reverse excitation current is changed into the forward excitation current through zero current. After the direction of the exciting current is changed, a magnetic repulsive force with the direction of the magnetic acting force being the same as the direction of the positive torque of the rotor is formed between the C-shaped alternating composite exciting assembly and the permanent magnet opposite to the C-shaped alternating composite exciting assembly.

When the radial center line of the magnetic pole end face of a certain alternating composite excitation assembly on a motor stator is not coincident with the radial center line of the magnetic pole end face of a certain permanent magnet on a motor rotor, namely when the magnetic pole end face of a C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly is staggered with the magnetic pole end face of the permanent magnet, the excitation control power supply inputs the direction of excitation current of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly at the moment, so that the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole end face of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly is the same as the magnetic polarity of the nearest permanent magnet in the rotating direction of the rotor, the positive torque with the same polarity repelling is formed, the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole end face of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly is different from the magnetic polarity of the nearest permanent magnet in the rotating.

The duration of input of excitation current in a certain direction is obviously longer than the duration of the excitation current of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly due to change of the direction of the excitation current from the view of a single C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly on the stator, the number of the alternating composite excitation assemblies in an excitation current input state is also larger than the number of the alternating composite excitation assemblies in an excitation current zero state from the view of all the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assemblies on the stator, and the motor rotor can obtain continuous positive torque acting force by combining the two factors.

In the embodiment, the alternating composite excitation assembly is additionally provided with the permanent magnet embedded in the double-layer iron core, and the magnetic energy potential of part of the permanent magnet can be superposed to the excitation magnetic energy potential under the excitation of excitation current of the excitation coil of the permanent magnet, so that the energy efficiency and the torque of the motor are improved.

EXAMPLE III

The embodiment is another application form of the alternating composite excitation assembly in the switched reluctance rotating machine. The structure of the motor of the embodiment is shown in figure 9.

Six C-shaped alternating composite excitation assemblies are arranged on the stator seat in an annular, balanced and symmetrical mode, each alternating composite excitation assembly is in magnetic isolation, and the circular support 31, the rotating shaft 32, the four permanent magnets 33 and the four magnetizers 39 jointly form a rotor.

The structures of six C-shaped alternating compound excitation assemblies are shown in the attached figures 1 to 7, and the working principle of the six C-shaped alternating compound excitation assemblies refers to the first embodiment.

The four permanent magnets 33 and the four magnetizers 39 are alternately embedded in the circular bracket 31, gaps exist between the adjacent permanent magnets and the magnetizers, the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets point to the radial direction of the motor, and the magnetic polarities of the two adjacent permanent magnets are different.

The rotor rotates, two permanent magnet pole faces of each permanent magnet and two magnetic conduction end faces of each magnetizer on the circular bracket can sweep between two pole end faces of the C-shaped iron core of all six alternating composite excitation assemblies on the stator seat, and air gaps exist among the permanent magnet pole end faces, the magnetic conduction end faces of the magnetizers and the pole end faces of the C-shaped iron core.

The control principle and method of the motor in this embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment, and are not repeated here.

The key feature of this embodiment is the addition of a magnetic conductor 39 to the rotor circular mount 31. The magnetizer 39 interacts with the alternating composite excitation assembly, on one hand, the adverse effect of a reverse magnetic field formed by current commutation in the exciting coil of the alternating composite excitation assembly on the magnetic performance of the permanent magnet material on the rotor is reduced, on the other hand, the magnetizer provides a magnetic loop for the alternating composite excitation assembly, so that the magnetizer also participates in the work of the rotating torque of the motor, the torque of the whole motor is further improved, or the consumption of the permanent magnet is reduced under the condition of same torque output, the cost is reduced, and the commutation frequency of the excitation power supply is also reduced.

Example four

The embodiment is the application of a double-layer alternating composite excitation assembly capable of generating a composite alternating magnetic field in a linear motor.

The structure of the linear motor of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 10.

In the embodiment, the fixed piece is composed of a fixed piece seat 41 and a plurality of alternating composite excitation assemblies 42, the plurality of alternating composite excitation assemblies are fixed in a notch of the fixed piece seat at equal intervals according to setting, an iron core of the alternating composite excitation assembly is in a double-layer C shape, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two rectangular notches are arranged at positions, close to an open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in the two rectangular notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of different layers of C-shaped iron cores are opposite (see attached figure 1), the movable piece in the embodiment is composed of a movable piece seat 44 and eight permanent magnets 43, the eight permanent magnets are embedded, the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets face the vertical direction of the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece seat respectively, the magnetic polarity directions of the two adjacent permanent magnets are different, the movable piece moves along the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece, the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly on the fixed piece seat is opposite to the permanent magnetic pole end face of each permanent magnet on the movable piece seat respectively, and an air gap exists between the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly and the permanent magnetic pole end face.

Three characteristic position features of the movable member relative to the stationary member when the movable member of this embodiment is moved linearly along the longitudinal axis of the stationary member are shown in FIGS. 11-13.

FIG. 11 shows a position I, wherein the vertical center lines of the moving part permanent magnet 1 and the permanent magnet 5 are respectively superposed with the vertical center lines of the fixed part alternating composite excitation assembly 1 and the assembly 4, at the moment, the excitation current in the excitation coils of the assembly 1 and the assembly 4 is zero, the magnetic pole end faces of the assembly 1 and the assembly 4 have no magnetic polarity, at the moment, the excitation coils of other assemblies, namely the assembly 2, the assembly 3, the assembly 5 and the assembly 6 respectively input excitation currents in different directions, the excitation current direction of each assembly ensures that the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole end face of the assembly is the same as that of the permanent magnet in the front of the moving part moving direction and is different from that of the permanent magnet behind the moving part moving direction, at the moment, the assembly 2 repels the permanent magnet 3 and attracts the permanent magnet 2, the assembly 3 repels the permanent magnet 4 and attracts the permanent magnet 3, attracting the permanent magnet 7. At a short time interval later, excitation current is input into the excitation coils of the assembly 1 and the assembly 4 again, the direction of the excitation current is input into the assembly 1 again, the magnetic polarity of the end face of the magnetic pole of the assembly 1 is the same as that of the permanent magnet 1, the assembly 1 repels the permanent magnet 1 to further push the movable piece to move rightwards, the direction of the excitation current input into the assembly 4 again enables the magnetic polarity of the end face of the magnetic pole of the assembly 4 to be the same as that of the permanent magnet 5 and is different from that of the permanent magnet 4, and the assembly 4 attracts the permanent magnet 4 while repelling the permanent magnet 5.

In the second position shown in fig. 12, the vertical center lines of the moving part permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 6 are respectively overlapped with the vertical center lines of the fixed part alternating composite excitation assembly 2 and the assembly 5, at this moment, the excitation current in the excitation coil of the assembly 2 and the assembly 5 is zero, the magnetic pole end faces of the assembly 2 and the assembly 5 have no magnetic polarity, at this moment, the excitation coils of other assemblies, namely the assembly 1, the assembly 3, the assembly 4 and the assembly 6 respectively input excitation currents in different directions, the direction of the excitation current of each assembly enables the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet in the front of the moving direction of the magnetic pole moving part of the assembly to be the same as that of the permanent magnet behind the moving direction of the moving part, and the assembly 1, the assembly 3, the assembly 4 and the assembly 6 respectively repel and.

In the third position shown in fig. 13, the vertical center lines of the moving part permanent magnet 3 and the permanent magnet 7 are respectively overlapped with the vertical center lines of the fixed part alternating composite excitation assembly 3 and the assembly 6, at the moment, the excitation current in the excitation coil of the assembly 3 and the assembly 6 is zero, the magnetic pole end faces of the assembly 3 and the assembly 6 have no magnetic polarity, at the moment, the excitation coils of other assemblies, namely the assembly 2, the assembly 4, the assembly 5 and the assembly 7 respectively input excitation currents in different directions, the direction of the excitation current of each assembly enables the magnetic pole end face of the assembly to have the same magnetic polarity with the permanent magnet in the front of the moving part moving direction and have different magnetic polarities with the permanent magnet behind the moving part moving direction, and the assembly 2, the assembly 4, the assembly 5 and the assembly 7 respectively repel. At this moment, the excitation current in the excitation coil of the assembly 1 becomes zero due to the exit of the permanent magnet on the movable member.

From position one to position three, a complete drive cycle of the linear motor of the present embodiment is formed. Therefore, the movable piece can move linearly along the longitudinal axis direction of the fixed piece only by inputting exciting control current in a determined direction into each assembly on the positioning seat in time.

In the embodiment, due to the adoption of the alternating composite excitation assembly, the magnetic potential of the permanent magnet embedded in the double-layer iron core is effectively utilized, so that the energy efficiency and the acceleration performance of the linear motor are improved to some extent.

EXAMPLE five

The embodiment is the application of a double-layer alternating composite excitation assembly capable of generating an alternating magnetic field in another linear motor.

The structure of the linear motor of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 14.

In the embodiment, the fixed piece is composed of a fixed piece seat 54 and a plurality of permanent magnets 53, the permanent magnets 53 are embedded in the notch of the fixed piece seat 54 at set equal intervals, the end surfaces of two permanent magnet poles of the permanent magnets 53 are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece seat 53, namely, the end surfaces point to the vertical direction of the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece seat respectively, and the magnetic polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets 53 are different; in this embodiment, the moving element is composed of a moving element seat 51 and a plurality of alternating composite excitation assemblies 52, the alternating composite excitation assemblies 52 are fixed in the notches of the moving element seat 51 at equal intervals, the iron core of the alternating composite excitation assembly 52 is double-layer C-shaped, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two rectangular notches are arranged at positions, close to the open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in the two rectangular notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, and the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of the different layers of C-shaped. The movable piece moves linearly along the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece, the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly is opposite to the permanent magnetic pole end face of each permanent magnet on the fixed piece seat, and an air gap exists between the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly and the permanent magnetic pole end face.

Three characteristic position features of the movable member relative to the stationary member when the movable member of this embodiment is moved linearly along the longitudinal axis of the stationary member are shown in FIGS. 15-17.

Fig. 15 shows a position one, the vertical center lines of the assembly 1 and the assembly 4 on the moving piece are respectively overlapped with the vertical center lines of the permanent magnet 1 and the permanent magnet 5 on the fixed piece, at this moment, the excitation current in the excitation coil of the assembly 1 and the assembly 4 is zero, the magnetic pole end faces of the assembly 1 and the assembly 4 have no magnetic polarity, at this moment, the excitation coils of the assembly 2, the assembly 3, the assembly 5 and the assembly 6 respectively input excitation currents in different directions, the direction of the excitation current of each assembly enables the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole end face of the assembly to be different from that of the permanent magnet in the front of the moving piece moving direction and the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet behind the moving piece moving direction to be the same, the assembly 2, the assembly 3, the assembly 5 and the assembly 6 respectively repel and attract the permanent magnets around each assembly, and further.

Fig. 16 shows a position two, the vertical center lines of the assembly 3 and the assembly 6 on the moving piece are respectively overlapped with the vertical center lines of the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet 8 on the fixed piece, at this moment, the excitation current in the excitation coil of the assembly 3 and the assembly 6 is zero, the magnetic pole end faces of the assembly 3 and the assembly 6 have no magnetic polarity, at this moment, the excitation coils of the assembly 1, the assembly 2, the assembly 4 and the assembly 5 respectively input excitation currents in different directions, the direction of the excitation current of each assembly enables the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole end face of the assembly to be different from that of the permanent magnet in the front of the moving piece moving direction and the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet behind the moving piece moving direction to be the same, the assembly 1, the assembly 2, the assembly 4 and the assembly 5 respectively repel and attract the permanent magnets around each assembly, and.

Fig. 17 shows the position three, the vertical center lines of the assembly 2 and the assembly 5 on the moving piece are respectively overlapped with the vertical center lines of the permanent magnet 3 and the permanent magnet 7 of the fixed piece, at this moment, the excitation current in the excitation coil of the assembly 2 and the assembly 5 is zero, the magnetic pole end faces of the assembly 2 and the assembly 5 have no magnetic polarity, at this moment, the excitation coils of the assembly 1, the assembly 3, the assembly 4 and the assembly 6 respectively input excitation currents in different directions, the direction of the excitation current of each assembly enables the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole end face of the assembly to be different from that of the permanent magnet in the front of the moving piece moving direction and the same as that of the permanent magnet behind the moving piece moving direction, the assembly 1, the assembly 3, the assembly 4 and the assembly 6 respectively repel and attract the permanent magnets around each assembly, further, a.

Fig. 15-17 show three characteristic positions of the linear motor movement of the present embodiment. Therefore, the movable piece can move linearly along the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece only by inputting excitation control current in a determined direction into each assembly on the movable piece seat in time.

EXAMPLE six

The present embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment, and referring to fig. 18, a magnetic conductor 65 is added between each permanent magnet 63 of the movable element holder 64.

The driving principle and mechanism of the present embodiment are as in embodiment four, and the description is not repeated here.

In the process of the linear motor in the embodiment, each magnetizer 65 on the moving piece seat 64 can interact with the alternating composite excitation assembly 62, so that on one hand, adverse effects of a reverse magnetic field formed by current commutation in an excitation coil of the alternating composite excitation assembly on the fixed piece seat 61 on the magnetic performance of a permanent magnet material on the moving piece can be reduced, on the other hand, the magnetizer also provides a magnetic loop for the alternating composite excitation assembly on the fixed piece, so that the magnetizer also participates in the work of the motor rotation torque, the motor complete machine torque is further improved, or the consumption of permanent magnets is reduced under the condition of same torque output, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the commutation frequency of an excitation power supply is also reduced.

EXAMPLE seven

This embodiment is a modification of the fifth embodiment, and referring to fig. 19, this embodiment adds a magnetic conductor between the permanent magnets of the stationary seat.

The driving principle and mechanism of the present embodiment are as in embodiment five, and the description is not repeated here.

In the process of the linear motor in the embodiment, each magnetizer 75 on the stator seat 74 can interact with the alternating composite excitation assembly 72 on the movable member seat 71, so that on one hand, adverse effects of a reverse magnetic field formed by current commutation in an excitation coil of the alternating composite excitation assembly on the movable member on the magnetic performance of a permanent magnet 73 material on the movable member can be reduced, and on the other hand, the magnetizer also provides a magnetic loop for the alternating composite excitation assembly on the movable member, so that the magnetizer also participates in the work of the motor rotation torque, the motor complete machine torque is further improved, or the consumption of the permanent magnet is reduced under the condition of same torque output, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the commutation frequency of an excitation power supply is also reduced.

Example eight

The embodiment is an application of the alternating composite excitation assembly in a transformer.

The structure of the embodiment is shown in fig. 20 and fig. 21.

In the embodiment, the alternating composite excitation assembly iron core is a double-layer rectangular closed-loop iron core, a closed-loop rectangular magnetic isolation layer 85 is arranged between the outer layer iron core 83 and the inner layer 84, each layer of iron core is provided with two rectangular notches, the rectangular notch of the outer layer iron core 83 is embedded with a rectangular permanent magnet 87, the rectangular notch of the inner layer iron core 84 is embedded with a rectangular permanent magnet 86, the N pole magnetic pole surface of the rectangular permanent magnet 87 is tightly attached to the upper side of the rectangular notch of the outer layer iron core 83, the S pole magnetic pole surface is tightly attached to the lower side of the rectangular notch of the outer layer, and a gap is left between one side surface of the rectangular permanent magnet 87 and the side edge of the rectangular notch of the iron core, similarly, the N pole magnetic surface of the rectangular permanent magnet 86 is tightly attached to the lower side of the rectangular notch of the inner layer iron core 84, the S pole magnetic surface is tightly attached to the upper side of the rectangular notch of the inner layer iron core 84, and the input coil 81 and the output coil 82 surround each layer of closed-loop iron cores of the alternating composite excitation assembly.

Fig. 22 to 30 are schematic diagrams illustrating the condition that current in different directions is applied to the primary coil of the transformer or no current is applied to the primary coil of the transformer in the present embodiment.

Fig. 22 shows that a forward current is applied to the primary coil 91, fig. 23 shows that a compound excitation magnetic line 93 is formed in the inner layer iron core, only an excitation magnetic line 94 is formed in the outer layer iron core, fig. 24 shows that a magnetic line 95 of the permanent magnet in the outer layer iron core is not superposed on the excitation magnetic line 97 of the outer layer, and a magnetic line 96 of the inner layer iron core is a compound excitation magnetic line, which is a convergence of the permanent magnetic line of the permanent magnet inlaid in the inner layer iron core and the excitation magnetic line formed by the inner layer iron core excited by the current of the primary coil.

Fig. 25 shows that the primary coil 91 and the secondary coil 92 both have no current, fig. 26 shows that no excitation magnetic lines are formed in the inner layer iron core, and only closed-loop permanent magnetic lines 98 exist, and fig. 27 shows that no excitation magnetic lines are formed in the outer layer iron core, and only closed-loop permanent magnetic lines 99 exist.

Fig. 28 shows that a reverse current is applied to the primary coil 91, and fig. 29 shows that the inner layer iron core permanent magnet magnetic force line 100, the inner layer iron core excitation magnetic force line 101, the outer layer iron core composite excitation magnetic force line 102, the inner layer iron core excitation magnetic force line 103, and the outer layer iron core composite excitation magnetic force line 104.

When an alternating current is input to the primary coil 91 of the present embodiment, an alternating current having a different induced voltage and a same frequency change is generated in the secondary coil 92. Because the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets arranged in the double-layer closed-loop iron core are different, no matter the direction of the alternating current input by the input coil 91, the permanent magnet magnetic flux and the excitation magnetic flux are superposed to compositely cut the secondary winding 92, and then the electromotive force formed by the composite magnetic flux can be induced on the secondary winding 92, so that the transformer with the gain function is formed, the inevitable self-loss of the transformer can be compensated, and the energy efficiency of the transformer is improved.

Claims

1. An alternating composite excitation assembly, characterized by: the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of an even number layer of iron cores, a plurality of magnetic isolation layers and excitation coils, wherein the magnetic isolation layers are arranged among the iron cores, the even number layer of iron cores and the magnetic isolation layers form a closed loop shape or an open loop shape, one or two gaps are formed in each layer of iron core, permanent magnets are embedded in the gaps of each layer of iron core, two magnetic pole surfaces of each permanent magnet are tightly attached to two opposite sides of the gap of the iron core, a gap is reserved between one side surface of each permanent magnet and the side edge of the gap of the iron core, in addition, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the gaps of the two adjacent layers of iron cores are opposite, and the excitation coils.

2. An alternating compound excitation assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of a group of excitation coils, an even number of open-loop C-shaped or U-shaped or V-shaped iron core layers and magnetic isolation layers, the magnetic isolation layers are arranged between the iron core layers, and the excitation coils of the same group surround the periphery of the iron cores of all the layers.

3. An alternating compound excitation assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of a group of excitation coils, an even number of closed-loop iron core layers and magnetic isolation layers, the closed-loop magnetic isolation layers are arranged between the iron core layers, and the same group of excitation coils surround the periphery of the iron cores.

4. An alternating composite excitation rotating electrical machine, its constitution is including rotor and stator, its characterized in that: the stator is composed of a stator seat and a plurality of alternating composite excitation components, the alternating composite excitation components are annularly, uniformly and symmetrically arranged on the stator seat, each alternating composite excitation component is magnetically isolated from each other, an iron core of each alternating composite excitation component is double-layer C-shaped, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two notches are arranged at positions, close to an open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are embedded in the two notches respectively, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, and the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets embedded in the notches of the C-shaped iron cores between different layers are in opposite directions; the rotor is composed of a rotating shaft, a circular support and a plurality of permanent magnet units, the rotating shaft is fixed with the support, the permanent magnet units are arranged on the circular support, a gap exists between every two adjacent permanent magnet units, the magnetic polarities of every two adjacent permanent magnet units are different, the rotor rotates, two permanent magnet pole faces of each permanent magnet unit on the circular support can be coincided and swept between two pole end faces of all alternating composite excitation assembly C-shaped iron cores on the stator seat, and an air gap exists between the permanent magnet pole end faces of the permanent magnet units and the pole end faces of the C-shaped iron cores; or, the rotor is composed of a rotating shaft, a circular bracket, a plurality of permanent magnet units and a plurality of magnetizer units, the rotating shaft is fixed with the bracket, the permanent magnet units and the magnetizer units are alternately and uniformly arranged on the circular bracket, gaps exist between the magnetizer units and the adjacent permanent magnet units, the magnetic polarity directions of the two adjacent permanent magnet units are different, the rotor rotates, two permanent magnet pole faces of each permanent magnet unit and two magnetic conduction end faces of each magnetizer unit on the circular bracket can be coincided and swept between the two pole end faces of all alternating composite excitation assembly C-shaped iron cores on the stator seat, and air gaps exist between the permanent magnet pole end faces of the permanent magnet units and the magnetic conduction end faces of the magnetizer units and the pole end faces of the C-shaped iron cores.

5. The utility model provides an alternating hybrid excitation linear electric motor, its constitution is including moving piece and stationary part, its characterized in that: the fixed piece is composed of a fixed piece seat and a plurality of alternating composite excitation components, the alternating composite excitation components are fixed in a notch of the fixed piece seat at equal intervals according to setting, an iron core of the alternating composite excitation component is double-layer C-shaped, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two rectangular notches are arranged at positions, close to an open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in the two notches, the magnetic polarity directions of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two notches of the same layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, and the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the notches of the C-shaped iron cores between different layers are opposite; the moving piece is composed of a moving piece seat and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are embedded in a notch of the moving piece seat at equal intervals according to setting, the magnetic polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets are different, and the magnetic pole end faces of the two permanent magnets of the permanent magnets are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the moving piece seat in the reciprocating motion direction of the moving piece; or the moving piece consists of a moving piece seat, a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of magnetizers, the permanent magnets and the magnetizers are alternately embedded in the notch of the moving piece seat according to a set value, the permanent magnet magnetic pole end surface and the magnetizer magnetic conduction end surface are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the moving piece seat, and the magnetic polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets are different; two polar end faces of each permanent magnet are parallel and opposite to two magnetic pole end faces of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly iron core, when the moving piece moves along the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece, the vertical center line of the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly on the fixed piece seat is sequentially overlapped with the vertical center line of the permanent magnetic pole end face of each permanent magnet on the moving piece seat one by one, and an air gap exists between the magnetic pole end face of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly and the permanent magnetic pole end face.

6. The utility model provides an alternating hybrid excitation linear electric motor, its constitution is including moving piece and stationary part, its characterized in that: the fixed piece is composed of a fixed piece seat and a plurality of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are embedded in the notch of the fixed piece seat at set equal intervals, the magnetic polarity directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are different, and the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets face the vertical direction of the longitudinal axis of the moving direction of the moving piece seat; or the fixed piece consists of a fixed piece seat, a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of magnetizers, the permanent magnets and the magnetizers are alternately embedded in the notch of the fixed piece seat according to setting, the magnetic pole end surfaces of the permanent magnets and the magnetic conduction end surfaces of the magnetizers are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece seat, and the magnetic polarities of the two adjacent permanent magnets are different; the moving part consists of a moving part seat and a plurality of alternating composite excitation assemblies, and the alternating composite excitation assemblies are fixed in a notch of the moving part seat at set equal intervals; the iron core of the alternating composite excitation assembly is double-layer C-shaped, a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is arranged between the two layers of C-shaped iron cores, two rectangular notches are arranged at the positions, close to the open loop, of each layer of C-shaped iron core, two permanent magnets are embedded in the two rectangular notches of each layer of C-shaped iron core respectively, the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of each layer of C-shaped iron core are in the same direction, and the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets embedded in the notches of the C-shaped iron cores between the different layers are in opposite directions; the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets on the fixed piece seat are parallel and opposite to the two magnetic pole end faces of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation iron cores on the movable piece seat, and air gaps exist between the magnetic pole end faces of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation assemblies and the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets; when the movable piece moves linearly along the longitudinal axis of the fixed piece, the vertical center line of the magnetic pole end face of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation assembly on the movable piece is sequentially overlapped with the vertical center line of the magnetic pole end face of each permanent magnet on the fixed piece seat one by one.

7. An alternating composite excitation transformer, characterized by: the alternating composite excitation assembly comprises an alternating composite excitation assembly, an input coil and an output coil, wherein the alternating composite excitation assembly is composed of an even number of closed-loop iron core layers, closed-loop magnetic isolation layers are arranged between the iron core layers, each iron core layer is provided with one or two gaps, a permanent magnet is embedded in each gap of the iron core layer, two magnetic pole surfaces of the permanent magnet are tightly attached to two opposite sides of the gap of the iron core, a gap is reserved between one side surface of the permanent magnet and the side edge of the gap of the iron core, in addition, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the gaps of the two adjacent iron core layers are opposite, and the input coil and the output coil are surrounded on the periphery of each closed-.