CN106981937A - A kind of rotor misconstruction motor - Google Patents
A kind of rotor misconstruction motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106981937A CN106981937A CN201710144537.9A CN201710144537A CN106981937A CN 106981937 A CN106981937 A CN 106981937A CN 201710144537 A CN201710144537 A CN 201710144537A CN 106981937 A CN106981937 A CN 106981937A
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt samarium Chemical compound [Co].[Sm] KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 14
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum iron boron Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/48—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure in slots
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种转子错位结构电机,包括定子和转子,定子套设在转子外侧;所述定子包括第一定子铁芯、第二定子铁芯、电枢绕组、励磁绕组和机壳,励磁绕组固定在环形励磁绕组支架上,第一定子铁芯和第二定子铁芯对称设置在励磁绕组两侧,且第一定子铁芯的齿和第二定子铁芯的齿在圆周方向上无交错;所述转子包括转子铁芯、第一永磁体和第二永磁体,对应第一定子铁芯的槽和对应第二定子铁芯的槽在圆周方向上交错本发明通过铁芯极与永磁极的共同作用,通过降低气隙磁场的恒定分量及高次谐波含量,从而降低铁芯损耗,并增大气隙磁场的基波幅值,提高了材料的利用率;同时使用永磁体填充转子槽,以减小风阻和噪音、降低机械损耗、提高电机运行效率。
The invention discloses a motor with a rotor dislocation structure, which includes a stator and a rotor, and the stator is sleeved on the outside of the rotor; the stator includes a first stator core, a second stator core, an armature winding, an excitation winding and a casing, The field winding is fixed on the annular field winding support, the first stator core and the second stator core are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the field winding, and the teeth of the first stator core and the teeth of the second stator core are in the circumferential direction There is no staggering; the rotor includes a rotor core, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, and the slots corresponding to the first stator core and the slots corresponding to the second stator core are staggered in the circumferential direction The present invention reduces the constant component and high-order harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic field through the joint action of the iron core pole and the permanent magnet pole, thereby reducing the core loss, increasing the fundamental wave amplitude of the air-gap magnetic field, and improving the utilization of materials At the same time, permanent magnets are used to fill the rotor slots to reduce wind resistance and noise, reduce mechanical losses, and improve motor operating efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种转子错位结构电机,属于电机技术。The invention relates to a motor with a rotor dislocation structure, which belongs to the motor technology.
背景技术Background technique
尽可能地利用电机空间及材料是一个普遍目标,同时我们又希望能够节省材料提高电机性能。例如,对于转子开槽电机,一方面通过开槽形成不均匀气隙,在励磁电流作用下产生交变磁场,另一方面转子开槽带来空间齿谐波,增加转子机械损耗,降低电机效率。It is a common goal to use the motor space and material as much as possible, and at the same time we hope to save material and improve the performance of the motor. For example, for the slotted rotor motor, on the one hand, the slotting forms an uneven air gap, which generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of the excitation current; on the other hand, the rotor slotting brings space tooth harmonics, which increases the mechanical loss of the rotor and reduces the efficiency of the motor. .
电机内的气隙磁场包括单极性和双极性磁场。对于双极性磁场而言,不存在磁场的直流分量,即使存在高次谐波分量其幅值也可以通过斜槽或短距等方法来削弱。对于单极性磁场而言,气隙磁场中存在较大的恒定分量,恒定分量较大时影响电机材料的饱和程度,增加铁芯损耗;同时单极性磁场还意味着各高次谐波含量较大,电机绕组两端电势或输出转矩波动成分加剧,振动和噪音增加。The air-gap magnetic fields in the motor include unipolar and bipolar fields. For the bipolar magnetic field, there is no DC component of the magnetic field, and even if there is a high-order harmonic component, its amplitude can be weakened by methods such as chute or short distance. For the unipolar magnetic field, there is a large constant component in the air gap magnetic field. When the constant component is large, it will affect the saturation degree of the motor material and increase the core loss; at the same time, the unipolar magnetic field also means that the high-order harmonic content Larger, the potential at both ends of the motor winding or the fluctuation component of the output torque will increase, and the vibration and noise will increase.
近年来,永磁材料的成本上涨幅度较大,部分电机中永磁材料的费用占电机成本近50%,降低电机中永磁材料比重对于降低电机成本具有重要意义。In recent years, the cost of permanent magnet materials has risen sharply, and the cost of permanent magnet materials in some motors accounts for nearly 50% of the cost of the motor. Reducing the proportion of permanent magnet materials in motors is of great significance for reducing the cost of motors.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的:为了克服现有技术中存在的不足,本发明提供一种转子错位结构电机,通过铁芯极与永磁极的共同作用,通过降低气隙磁场的恒定分量及高次谐波含量,从而降低铁芯损耗,并增大气隙磁场的基波幅值,提高了材料的利用率;同时使用永磁体填充转子槽,以减小风阻和噪音、降低机械损耗、提高电机运行效率。Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a motor with a rotor dislocation structure, through the joint action of the iron core pole and the permanent magnet pole, by reducing the constant component and high-order harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic field, thereby Reduce core loss, increase the fundamental amplitude of the air gap magnetic field, and improve the utilization rate of materials; at the same time, use permanent magnets to fill the rotor slots to reduce wind resistance and noise, reduce mechanical losses, and improve motor operating efficiency.
技术方案:为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:Technical scheme: in order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种转子错位结构电机,包括定子和转子,定子套设在转子外侧;所述定子包括第一定子铁芯、第二定子铁芯、电枢绕组、励磁绕组和机壳,励磁绕组固定在环形励磁绕组支架上;所述第一定子铁芯和第二定子铁芯的尺寸和槽型完全相同,在第一定子铁芯的齿上和第二定子铁芯的齿上各缠绕有一组电枢绕组,两组电枢绕组均成三相对称分布;第一定子铁芯、第二定子铁芯和励磁绕组同轴固定在机壳内侧形成筒状结构,第一定子铁芯和第二定子铁芯对称设置在励磁绕组两侧,且第一定子铁芯的齿和第二定子铁芯的齿在圆周方向上无交错;A motor with a rotor dislocation structure, including a stator and a rotor, the stator is sleeved on the outside of the rotor; the stator includes a first stator core, a second stator core, an armature winding, an excitation winding and a casing, and the excitation winding is fixed on On the support of the annular excitation winding; the size and groove shape of the first stator core and the second stator core are exactly the same, and a tooth of the first stator core and a tooth of the second stator core are respectively wound Two groups of armature windings are symmetrically distributed in three phases; the first stator core, the second stator core and the excitation winding are coaxially fixed inside the casing to form a cylindrical structure, the first stator core It is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excitation winding with the second stator core, and the teeth of the first stator core and the teeth of the second stator core are not interlaced in the circumferential direction;
所述转子包括转子铁芯、第一永磁体和第二永磁体;转子铁芯对应第一定子铁芯和第二定子铁芯的位置分别开设有n个沿圆周均匀分布的槽,槽的开口朝向对应的定子铁芯,槽的长度与对应的定子铁芯的长度一致,对应第一定子铁芯的槽和对应第二定子铁芯的槽在圆周 方向上交错对应第一定子铁芯的槽内放置第一永磁体,对应第二定子铁芯的槽内放置第二永磁体;The rotor includes a rotor core, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet; the positions of the rotor core corresponding to the first stator core and the second stator core are respectively provided with n slots uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the slots The opening faces the corresponding stator core, the length of the slot is consistent with the length of the corresponding stator core, and the slots corresponding to the first stator core and the slots corresponding to the second stator core are staggered in the circumferential direction A first permanent magnet is placed in the slot corresponding to the first stator core, and a second permanent magnet is placed in the slot corresponding to the second stator core;
所述第一定子铁芯、第二定子铁芯和励磁绕组构成的筒状结构套设在转子铁芯、第一永磁体和第二永磁体构成的柱状结构外侧,第一定子铁芯和对应位置的转子铁芯间形成第一主气隙,第二定子铁芯和对应位置的转子铁芯间形成第二主气隙;在励磁绕组中通入直流电(即励磁电流)将会在第一主气隙和第二主气隙处激励磁场,该磁场与第一永磁体和第二永磁体在第一主气隙和第二主气隙处产生的磁场共同合成气隙磁场。The cylindrical structure composed of the first stator core, the second stator core and the field winding is sleeved on the outside of the columnar structure composed of the rotor core, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the first stator core The first main air gap is formed between the rotor core and the corresponding position, and the second main air gap is formed between the second stator core and the rotor core at the corresponding position; the direct current (that is, the excitation current) will be passed into the field winding. A magnetic field is excited at the first main air gap and the second main air gap, and the magnetic field and the magnetic fields generated by the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet at the first main air gap and the second main air gap jointly synthesize an air gap magnetic field.
本发明的一种转子错位结构电机包括励磁绕组和永磁体两种磁源,两种磁源在气隙中建立合成气隙磁场,该气隙磁场为双极性磁场。随着电机转子的旋转,电枢绕组切割合成气隙磁场,产生反电势和电磁转矩。电机中存在径向磁路和轴向磁路,主气隙和附加气隙。A motor with a rotor dislocation structure of the present invention includes two magnetic sources of an excitation winding and a permanent magnet. The two magnetic sources establish a synthetic air gap magnetic field in the air gap, and the air gap magnetic field is a bipolar magnetic field. As the motor rotor rotates, the armature winding cuts and synthesizes the air gap magnetic field, generating back EMF and electromagnetic torque. There are radial magnetic circuit and axial magnetic circuit, main air gap and additional air gap in the motor.
具体的,所述第一永磁体和第二永磁体的充磁方向相反、充磁方向长度(小于等于转子铁芯的开槽深度,槽内空隙为空气或填充不导磁体)和圆周方向宽度(小于等于转子铁芯的开槽宽度,槽内空隙为空气或填充不导磁体)相同,第一永磁体和第二永磁体的材料相同。Specifically, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are opposite, the length of the magnetization direction (less than or equal to the slot depth of the rotor core, the gap in the slot is air or filled with non-magnetic material) and the circumferential width (less than or equal to the slot width of the rotor core, the gap in the slot is air or filled with a non-magnetic material) are the same, and the materials of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are the same.
具体的,所述第一永磁体和第二永磁体的形状完全相同,均为瓦片形、矩形或正方形。Specifically, the shapes of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are exactly the same, being tile-shaped, rectangular or square.
具体的,所励磁绕组产生电励磁磁通,所述第一永磁体和第二永磁体产生永磁磁通,电励磁磁通和永磁磁通在转子铁芯的齿中的方向相同;当第一永磁体和第二永磁体的充磁方向确定时,励磁电流的方向不可改变。Specifically, the excitation winding generates electric excitation flux, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet generate permanent magnet flux, and the directions of the electric excitation flux and the permanent magnet flux in the teeth of the rotor core are the same; when When the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are determined, the direction of the excitation current cannot be changed.
具体的,所述第一永磁体和第二永磁体均放置在转子铁芯的槽中央,或沿圆周方向偏移一定角度。Specifically, both the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are placed in the center of the slot of the rotor core, or are offset by a certain angle along the circumferential direction.
具体的,所述转子铁芯上的槽沿轴线方向的深度、宽度和槽型均相同。Specifically, the grooves on the rotor core have the same depth, width and groove shape along the axial direction.
具体的,所述第一永磁体和第二永磁体位铝铁硼、铁氧体、钐鈷等永磁材质。Specifically, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are made of permanent magnet materials such as aluminum iron boron, ferrite, samarium cobalt and the like.
具体的,所述第一永磁体和第二永磁体粘结在转子铁芯的槽内,或通过在转子铁芯外表面套设不导磁套固定。Specifically, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are bonded in the slot of the rotor core, or are fixed by sheathing a non-magnetic sleeve on the outer surface of the rotor core.
本发明提供的转子错位结构电机,包括励磁绕组和永磁体两种磁源,这两种磁源共同作用产生气隙磁场。定子铁芯、转子铁芯、机壳、气隙等为主磁通提供磁路,磁通路径如下:从第二定子铁芯侧垂直电机端部方向看向电机,当励磁绕组通入顺时针的直流电流后,产生恒定磁通,该磁通沿轴向经过转子铁芯,经过转子齿改为径向,再依次穿过第一主气隙、第一定子铁芯的齿和轭以及机壳,然后再依次穿过第二定子铁芯的轭和机壳、第二定子铁芯的 齿、第二主气隙、转子齿,磁通转为轴向后回到转子铁芯。此时,永磁体产生的磁通在转子齿中的方向与励磁电流产生的磁通方向应该相同。所以,第一永磁体的充磁方向为沿电机径向指向电机轴心,其磁通路径为,永磁磁通从第一永磁体出来以后依次经过转子铁芯、转子齿、第一主气隙、定子齿、定子轭、定子齿、第一主气隙后回到第一永磁体;第二永磁体的充磁方向为沿电机径向指向电机气隙,其磁通路径为,永磁磁通从第二永磁体出来以后依次经过第二主气隙、定子齿、定子轭、定子齿、第二主气隙、转子铁芯后回到第二永磁体。当励磁电流方向改变后,第一永磁体和第二永磁体的充磁方向应该反向,电励磁磁通路径、第一永磁体磁通路径和第二永磁体磁通路径不变,方向反向。The motor with a rotor dislocation structure provided by the present invention includes two magnetic sources of an excitation winding and a permanent magnet, and the two magnetic sources work together to generate an air gap magnetic field. The stator core, rotor core, casing, air gap, etc. provide a magnetic circuit for the main flux, and the magnetic flux path is as follows: Looking at the motor from the second stator core side perpendicular to the end of the motor, when the excitation winding is connected clockwise After the direct current, a constant magnetic flux is generated. The magnetic flux passes through the rotor core in the axial direction, changes to the radial direction through the rotor teeth, and then passes through the first main air gap, the teeth and yoke of the first stator core and the The casing, and then pass through the yoke and casing of the second stator core, the teeth of the second stator core, the second main air gap, and the rotor teeth in turn, and the magnetic flux turns to the axial direction and returns to the rotor core. At this time, the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet in the rotor teeth should be the same as the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the excitation current. Therefore, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet is along the radial direction of the motor and points to the axis of the motor. Gap, stator teeth, stator yoke, stator teeth, the first main air gap and then return to the first permanent magnet; the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet is along the radial direction of the motor to the motor air gap, and its magnetic flux path is, permanent magnet After the magnetic flux comes out from the second permanent magnet, it passes through the second main air gap, the stator teeth, the stator yoke, the stator teeth, the second main air gap, and the rotor core in sequence, and then returns to the second permanent magnet. When the excitation current direction is changed, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet should be reversed, the electric excitation flux path, the first permanent magnet flux path and the second permanent magnet flux path remain unchanged, and the directions are reversed. Towards.
有益效果:本发明提供的转子错位结构电机,由励磁绕组和永磁体共同作用产生气隙磁场,与单电励磁电机相比,在获得同样大小的反电势或输出转矩的情况下,可以减小励磁电流,减小励磁绕组铜耗;与单极性气隙磁场电机相比,气隙磁场交变分量增大,恒定分量减小,高次谐波含量降低,电机铁芯损耗减小;与转子开槽类电机相比,填充永磁体后,电机转子表面光滑,风阻减小,风摩损耗和噪音降低;与单永磁体励磁电机相比,减小了永磁体用量,降低了电机制造成本。Beneficial effects: the rotor dislocation structure motor provided by the present invention generates an air-gap magnetic field through the joint action of the excitation winding and the permanent magnet. Compared with the single-current excitation motor, it can reduce the Small excitation current reduces the copper loss of the excitation winding; compared with the unipolar air-gap magnetic field motor, the alternating component of the air-gap magnetic field increases, the constant component decreases, the high-order harmonic content decreases, and the motor core loss decreases; Compared with motors with slotted rotors, after filling permanent magnets, the surface of motor rotors is smooth, wind resistance is reduced, wind friction loss and noise are reduced; compared with single permanent magnet excitation motors, the amount of permanent magnets is reduced, and the cost of motor manufacturing is reduced. cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为本发明中转子的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the rotor in the present invention;
图3为励磁绕组通入正向励磁电流时永磁体充磁方向示意图;3(a)为第一永磁体磁通路径示意图,3(b)为第二永磁体磁通路径示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet when the excitation winding is fed into a forward excitation current; 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux path of the first permanent magnet, and 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux path of the second permanent magnet;
图4为励磁绕组通入反向励磁电流时永磁体充磁方向示意图;4(a)为第一永磁体磁通路径示意图,4(b)为第二永磁体磁通路径示意图;。4 is a schematic diagram of the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet when the field winding is fed with a reverse excitation current; 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux path of the first permanent magnet, and 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux path of the second permanent magnet;
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例一Embodiment one
一种转子错位结构电机,如图1所示,包括定子和转子,其中定子包括第一定子铁芯1、第二定子铁芯2、电枢绕组3、励磁绕组7和机壳9。第一定子铁芯1和第二定子铁芯2采用贴片结构,且分别在每个定子铁芯上开有12个沿圆周均匀分布的半闭口槽;两个定子对称分布于励磁绕组7的两侧,且两个定子的槽沿轴线完全重合。电枢绕组3成三相对称分布绕在第一定子铁芯1和第二定子铁芯2的齿上。励磁绕组7为环形,设置在第一定子铁芯1和第二定子铁芯2的中间位置,固定在励磁绕组支架8上。A motor with a rotor displacement structure, as shown in FIG. 1 , includes a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator includes a first stator core 1 , a second stator core 2 , an armature winding 3 , an excitation winding 7 and a casing 9 . The first stator core 1 and the second stator core 2 adopt a patch structure, and each stator core has 12 semi-closed slots evenly distributed along the circumference; the two stators are symmetrically distributed in the field winding 7 The two sides of the stator, and the slots of the two stators coincide completely along the axis. The armature windings 3 are symmetrically distributed in three phases and wound around the teeth of the first stator core 1 and the second stator core 2 . The field winding 7 is ring-shaped, arranged in the middle of the first stator core 1 and the second stator core 2 , and fixed on the field winding support 8 .
该转子错位结构电机的转子结构如图2所示,转子包括转子铁芯4、第一永磁体5和第 二永磁体6。转子铁芯4分为开槽部分和未开槽部分,在转子铁芯4的两端在第一定子铁芯1和第二定子铁芯2所对应的长度范围分别开有4个槽,每个槽在周向上占53°机械角度,开槽部分的齿槽宽度比为3/7,槽口朝向定子铁芯,所开的槽沿转子圆周呈均匀分布;转子铁芯4两端的齿和槽为齿槽交错对应分布,且定子铁芯4的一端齿的中心线与另一端槽的中心线重合,如图4中所示。第一永磁体5和第二永磁体6分别放置在在转子铁芯4的两端所开的槽中,8块永磁体的充磁方向长度与槽深相同,宽度为槽宽度的3/5,且分别置于槽的中央位置。励磁绕组7的中心线与第一定子铁芯1、第二定子铁芯2和转子铁芯4的轴线重合。The rotor structure of this rotor dislocation structure motor is as shown in Figure 2, and the rotor includes a rotor core 4, a first permanent magnet 5 and a second permanent magnet 6. The rotor core 4 is divided into a slotted part and a non-slotted part, and four slots are respectively opened in the length ranges corresponding to the first stator core 1 and the second stator core 2 at both ends of the rotor core 4, Each slot occupies a mechanical angle of 53° in the circumferential direction, the slot width ratio of the slotted part is 3/7, the slot faces the stator core, and the slots are evenly distributed along the rotor circumference; the teeth at both ends of the rotor core 4 The slots are alternately and correspondingly distributed, and the centerline of the teeth at one end of the stator core 4 coincides with the centerline of the slots at the other end, as shown in FIG. 4 . The first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 6 are respectively placed in the slots opened at both ends of the rotor core 4. The length of the magnetization direction of the eight permanent magnets is the same as the slot depth, and the width is 3/5 of the slot width. , and placed in the center of the groove respectively. The center line of the field winding 7 coincides with the axes of the first stator core 1 , the second stator core 2 and the rotor core 4 .
从第二定子铁芯2侧垂直电机端部方向看向电机,当励磁绕组通入顺时针的直流电流(定义此励磁电流方向为正向),产生恒定磁通,该磁通沿轴向经过转子铁芯,经过转子齿改为径向,再依次穿过第一主气隙10、第一定子铁芯1的齿和轭以及机壳,然后再依次穿过第二定子铁芯2的轭和机壳、第二定子铁芯2的齿、第二主气隙11、转子齿,磁通转为轴向后回到转子铁芯;此时,第一永磁体5的充磁方向为沿电机径向指向电机轴心,其磁通路径为,永磁磁通从1号永磁体出来以后依次经过转子铁芯、转子齿、第一主气隙10、定子齿、定子轭、定子齿、第一主气隙10后回到1号永磁体,磁通路径如图4(a)所示;此时,第二永磁体6的充磁方向为沿电机径向指向电机气隙,其磁通路径为,永磁磁通从2号永磁体出来以后依次经过第二主气隙11、定子齿、定子轭、定子齿、第二主气隙11、转子铁芯后回到2号永磁体,磁通路径如图4(b)所示。Looking at the motor from the side of the second stator core 2 perpendicular to the end of the motor, when the excitation winding is fed with a clockwise DC current (the direction of the excitation current is defined as positive), a constant magnetic flux is generated, and the flux passes along the axial direction The rotor core changes to the radial direction through the rotor teeth, then passes through the first main air gap 10, the teeth and yoke of the first stator core 1 and the casing, and then passes through the second stator core 2 in sequence The yoke and casing, the teeth of the second stator core 2, the second main air gap 11, and the rotor teeth, the magnetic flux turns to the axial direction and returns to the rotor core; at this time, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 5 is Pointing to the motor axis along the radial direction of the motor, the magnetic flux path is, after the permanent magnet flux comes out of the No. 1. Return to No. 1 permanent magnet after the first main air gap 10, and the magnetic flux path is as shown in Figure 4 (a); at this time, the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet 6 is to point to the motor air gap along the radial direction of the motor, and its The magnetic flux path is, after the permanent magnet flux comes out of the No. 2 permanent magnet, it passes through the second main air gap 11, stator teeth, stator yoke, stator teeth, second main air gap 11, and rotor core, and then returns to the No. 2 permanent magnet. magnet, the flux path is shown in Fig. 4(b).
两种磁源在气隙中建立合成气隙磁场,该气隙磁场为双极性磁场。随着电机转子的旋转,电枢绕组切割合成气隙磁场,产生反电势和电磁转矩。电机中存在径向磁路和轴向磁路,主气隙和附加气隙。The two magnetic sources create a composite air gap magnetic field in the air gap, which is a bipolar magnetic field. As the motor rotor rotates, the armature winding cuts and synthesizes the air gap magnetic field, generating back EMF and electromagnetic torque. There are radial magnetic circuit and axial magnetic circuit, main air gap and additional air gap in the motor.
实施例二Embodiment two
一种转子错位结构电机,如图1所示,包括定子和转子,其中定子包括第一定子铁芯1、第二定子铁芯2、电枢绕组3、励磁绕组7和机壳9。第一定子铁芯1和第二定子铁芯2采用贴片结构,且分别在每个定子铁芯上开有12个沿圆周均匀分布的半闭口槽;两个定子对称分布于励磁绕组7的两侧,且两个定子的槽沿轴线完全重合。电枢绕组3成三相对称分布绕在第一定子铁芯1和第二定子铁芯2的齿上。励磁绕组7为环形,设置在第一定子铁芯1和第二定子铁芯2的中间位置,固定在励磁绕组支架8上。A motor with a rotor displacement structure, as shown in FIG. 1 , includes a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator includes a first stator core 1 , a second stator core 2 , an armature winding 3 , an excitation winding 7 and a casing 9 . The first stator core 1 and the second stator core 2 adopt a patch structure, and each stator core has 12 semi-closed slots evenly distributed along the circumference; the two stators are symmetrically distributed in the field winding 7 The two sides of the stator, and the slots of the two stators coincide completely along the axis. The armature windings 3 are symmetrically distributed in three phases and wound around the teeth of the first stator core 1 and the second stator core 2 . The field winding 7 is ring-shaped, arranged in the middle of the first stator core 1 and the second stator core 2 , and fixed on the field winding support 8 .
该转子错位结构电机的转子结构如图2所示,转子包括转子铁芯4、第一永磁体5和第二永磁体6。转子铁芯4分为开槽部分和未开槽部分,在转子铁芯4的两端在第一定子铁芯1和第二定子铁芯2所对应的长度范围分别开有4个槽,每个槽在周向上占53°机械角度,开槽部分的齿槽宽度比为3/7,槽口朝向定子铁芯,所开的槽沿转子圆周呈均匀分布;转子铁芯4两端的齿和槽为齿槽交错对应分布,且定子铁芯4的一端齿的中心线与另一端槽的中心线重合,如图4中所示。第一永磁体5和第二永磁体6分别放置在在转子铁芯4的两端所开的槽中,8块永磁体的充磁方向长度与槽深相同,宽度为槽宽度的3/5,且分别置于槽的中央位置。励磁绕组7的中心线与第一定子铁芯1、第二定子铁芯2和转子铁芯4的轴线重合。The rotor structure of the motor with the rotor displacement structure is shown in FIG. 2 , and the rotor includes a rotor core 4 , a first permanent magnet 5 and a second permanent magnet 6 . The rotor core 4 is divided into a slotted part and a non-slotted part, and four slots are respectively opened in the length ranges corresponding to the first stator core 1 and the second stator core 2 at both ends of the rotor core 4, Each slot occupies a mechanical angle of 53° in the circumferential direction, the slot width ratio of the slotted part is 3/7, the slot faces the stator core, and the slots are evenly distributed along the rotor circumference; the teeth at both ends of the rotor core 4 The slots are alternately and correspondingly distributed, and the centerline of the teeth at one end of the stator core 4 coincides with the centerline of the slots at the other end, as shown in FIG. 4 . The first permanent magnet 5 and the second permanent magnet 6 are respectively placed in the slots opened at both ends of the rotor core 4. The length of the magnetization direction of the eight permanent magnets is the same as the slot depth, and the width is 3/5 of the slot width. , and placed in the center of the groove respectively. The center line of the field winding 7 coincides with the axes of the first stator core 1 , the second stator core 2 and the rotor core 4 .
从第二定子铁芯2侧垂直电机端部方向看向电机,当励磁绕组通入逆时针的直流电流(定义此励磁电流方向为反向),产生恒定磁通,该磁通沿轴向经过转子铁芯,经过转子齿改为径向,再依次穿过第二主气隙11、第二定子铁芯2的齿和轭以及机壳,然后再依次穿过第一定子铁芯1的轭和机壳、第一定子铁芯1的齿、第一主气隙10、转子齿,磁通转为轴向后回到转子铁芯;此时,第一永磁体5的充磁方向为沿电机径向指向电机气隙,其磁通路径为,永磁磁通从1号永磁体出来以后依次经过第一主气隙10、定子齿、定子轭、定子齿、第一主气隙10、转子铁芯后回到1号永磁体,此时,第二永磁体6的充磁方向为沿电机径向指向电机轴心,其磁通路径为,永磁磁通从2号永磁体出来以后依次经过转子铁芯、转子齿、第二主气隙11、定子齿、定子轭、定子齿、第二主气隙11后回到2号永磁体。Looking at the motor from the side of the second stator core 2 perpendicular to the end of the motor, when the excitation winding is fed with a counterclockwise DC current (the direction of the excitation current is defined as reverse), a constant magnetic flux is generated, and the flux passes along the axial direction The rotor core is changed to the radial direction through the rotor teeth, and then passes through the second main air gap 11, the teeth and yoke of the second stator core 2 and the casing, and then passes through the first stator core 1 in sequence The yoke and casing, the teeth of the first stator core 1, the first main air gap 10, and the rotor teeth, the magnetic flux turns to the axial direction and returns to the rotor core; at this time, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 5 In order to point to the motor air gap along the radial direction of the motor, the magnetic flux path is that the permanent magnet flux passes through the first main air gap 10, the stator teeth, the stator yoke, the stator teeth, and the first main air gap after coming out of the No. 1 permanent magnet 10. After the rotor iron core returns to the No. 1 permanent magnet, at this time, the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet 6 is along the radial direction of the motor and points to the motor axis, and its magnetic flux path is that the permanent magnet flux flows from the No. 2 permanent magnet Get back to No. 2 permanent magnet after going out successively through rotor core, rotor tooth, second main air gap 11, stator tooth, stator yoke, stator tooth, second main air gap 11.
两种磁源在气隙中建立合成气隙磁场,该气隙磁场为双极性磁场。随着电机转子的旋转,电枢绕组切割合成气隙磁场,产生反电势和电磁转矩。电机中存在径向磁路和轴向磁路,主气隙和附加气隙。The two magnetic sources create a composite air gap magnetic field in the air gap, which is a bipolar magnetic field. As the motor rotor rotates, the armature winding cuts and synthesizes the air gap magnetic field, generating back EMF and electromagnetic torque. There are radial magnetic circuit and axial magnetic circuit, main air gap and additional air gap in the motor.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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