CN1063388C - 采用双轴拉伸吹塑成形使丙烯腈系树脂容器成形的方法 - Google Patents
采用双轴拉伸吹塑成形使丙烯腈系树脂容器成形的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种通过双轴拉伸吹塑成形来形成丙烯腈系列树脂制容器的方法,其特征是对以丙烯腈树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂制的预成形坯照射电子射线或γ射线,照射后立即把该预成形坯加热至40℃以上的温度,从而使该预成形坯中未聚合丙烯腈单体的含量下降至0.1ppm以下,接着对该预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形。通过本发明方法形成的容器不但具有与现有的普通同类容器相同的优点,而且具有更为优异的卫生特性。
Description
本发明涉及对以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂的预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形从而成形为容器的方法,更具体地说是涉及能把经双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器中的未聚合丙烯腈单体抑制在0.1ppm以下的卫生容器的形成方法。
通过对以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂的预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形所得到的容器,具有气密性和透明性均为优异的性质,而且还属于轻量并具备了对多种溶剂的优异的稳定性。因此,这种容器被作为充填例如食品、药品、化妆器的容器而得到了广泛的应用。
作为成形用原料的丙烯腈系树脂本身,含有痕量的未聚合的丙烯腈单体。再者,在上述容器的成形、加热阶段,也会生成痕量的未聚合的丙烯腈单体。因此,在上述经双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器中含有未聚合丙烯腈单体,并存在着该单体会移至容器的内装物中的可能性。
特公昭56-54321号公报和特开昭54-148059号公报记载了一种对以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂的预成形坯照射电子射线、从而使该预塑形坯中的这种未聚合的丙烯腈单体的含量降低的方法。
上述这种通过对以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂的预成形坯进行电子射线的照射、从而使该预成形坯中的这种未聚合的丙烯腈单体的含量降低的方法,存在着因电子射线的照射而产生副产物HCN的缺点。因此,使用该方法不可能获得具有丙烯腈树脂所产生的优异卫生特性的拉伸吹塑成形的容器。
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种能使双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器中未聚合的丙烯腈单体的含量以及副产物HCN的生成量均降低至极低的、丙烯腈系树脂制容器的成形方法,并且提供具有优异卫生特性的丙烯腈系树脂制容器。
根据本发明,可获得这样一种方法,即通过对以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂的预成形坯照射电子射线或γ射线,照射后立即把该预成形坯加热到40℃以上,从而把预成形坯中的未聚合丙烯腈单体控制在0.1ppm以下,接着通过对该预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形,进而成形为丙烯腈系树脂的容器。
通过本发明的丙烯腈系树脂制容器的成形方法,可获得双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器中未聚合的丙烯腈单体在0.1ppm以下、此外,副产物的HCN的萃取量在检出界限以下的卫生特性优异的双轴拉伸吹塑成形容器。再者,上述HCN的检出界限以下的萃取量一般是指采用自来水法(日本法律)的检测方法的10ppb以下的量。
在由上述步骤构成的本发明的成形方法中,双轴延伸吹塑成形的、以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂的预成形坯是有底的筒状坯料,它具有与形成这种双轴拉伸吹塑成形体时所使用的普通预成形坯相同的结构。构成为形成上述预成形坯的成形用原料的树脂主要成分的丙烯腈系树脂,通常是使用作为丙烯腈计算的腈的单体成分为55-85%(重量)左右的丙烯腈系树脂。该预成形坯的平均壁厚以1.0-8.0mm为宜。
在本发明的成形方法中,通过电子射线或7射线的照射,力图使预成形坯中的未聚合丙烯腈单体得以聚合,同时把上述预成形坯中的副产物HCN的量抑制在尽可能低的水平。因此,为了尽可能减少该副产物HCN的量,应该使用电子射线的吸收照射剂量为例如0.01-0.8兆RAD或7射线的照射剂量为例如0.01-0.8兆伦琴这样的低照射剂量。为了促进上述预成形坯中未聚合丙烯腈单体的聚合,通过在上述电子射线或7射线的照射之后,立即把该预成形坯加热至40℃以上的温度,从而就可得到未聚合的丙烯腈单体的量在0.1ppm以下的、将接受双轴拉伸吹塑成形的预成形坯。该预成形坯通过例如热风、电价体、高频、远红外线、近红外线或者以上二种的组合被加热到不超过165℃。
在预成形坯由含有甲醛化合物的热塑性树脂所构成的场合,换言之,上述容器的成形用原料是以含有甲醛化合物的丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的场合,通过上述低剂量的电子射线或7射线的照射和与甲醛化合物之间的反应所得到的双轴拉伸吹塑成形容器中有可能萃取出的HCN之量可被进一步减少。
预成形坯中也可含有分散剂以及/或抗氧化剂。
实施例1
对作为成形原料的由丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物[丙烯腈单体的单位成为68.0%(重量)]100重量份、对甲苯磺酸酰胺·甲醛缩聚物[商品名:Monsanto公司的Santolite MHP]0.15重量份、2,6-二-叔-丁基-对-甲酚[商品名:Ashland化学公司的BHT]0.125重量份、分散剂[商品名:Glyco化学品公司的Aldosperse TS-40]0.05重量份所组成的树脂混合物施行注射模塑成形操作,从而形成了口颈部直径约30mm、长度约160mm、平均壁厚约4.5mm的、其口颈部与双轴拉伸吹塑成形后的容器的口颈部为同一结构的有底筒状体的预成形坯。又,上述预成形坯中未聚合的丙烯腈单体的量为9.0ppm。
接着,一边使上述预成形坯沿长轴方向旋转,一边用3Me V(兆电子伏特)加速电压的电子射线照射装置对该预成形坯照射0.25兆RAD(辐射吸收剂量)的电子射线,照射处理后紧接着立刻用90℃的热风对该预成形坯进行30分钟的加热。
这样以后,在140℃的拉伸温度下,对上述加热处理后的预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形,于是得到了容量为600ml的容器[ⅰ]。
实施例2
通过对树脂混合物(相同于由实施例1中使用的树脂混合物所构成的成形用原料)进行注射模塑成形,从而形成了口颈部直径约30mm、长度约160mm、平均壁厚约4.5mm、口颈部与双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器之口颈部为同一结构的有底筒状体的预成形坯。此外,上述预成形坯中的未聚合丙烯腈单体的量为7.6ppm。
接着,一边使上述预成形坯沿长轴方向旋转,一边用3Me V加速电压的电子射线照射装置对该预成形坯照射0.20兆RAD的电子射线,并在照射处理的操作之后,立即通过高频加热并用100℃的热风对该预成形坯进行5分钟的加热。
然后,在140℃的拉伸温度下对经过上述处理的预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形,从而获得容量为600mml的容器[ⅱ]。
实施例3
通过对树脂混合物(相同于由实施例1中使用的树脂混合物所构成的成形用原料)进行注射模塑成形,形成了口颈部直径约30mm、长度约160mm、平均壁厚约4.5mm、其口颈部与双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器之口颈部为同一结构的有底筒状体的预成形坯。又,该预成形坯中未聚合丙烯腈单体的量为6.4ppm。
接着,一边使上述预成形坯沿长轴方向旋转,一边用3Me V加速电压的电子射线照射装置对该预成形坯照射0.20兆RAD的电子射线,紧接着照射处理之后立即用90℃的热风对该成形坯进行30分钟的加热。
此后,在140℃的拉伸温度下,对经过上述处理的预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形,于是获得容量为2500ml的容器[ⅲ]。
实施例4
通过对树脂混合物(相同于由实施例1中使用的树脂混合物所构成的成形用原料)进行注射模塑成形,形成了口颈部直径约30mm、长度约160mm、平均壁厚约4.5mm、其口颈部与双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器之口颈部为同一结构的有底筒状体的预成形坯。此外,该预塑形坯中未聚合的丙烯腈单体的量为2.6ppm。
接着,一边使上述预成形坯沿长轴方向旋转,一边在该预成形坯上进行0.15兆伦琴的7射线的照射,紧接着该照射处理操作之后,立即用90℃的热风对该预成形坯进行30分钟的加热。
以后,在140℃的拉伸温度下,对经过上述处理的预成形坯进行双轴拉伸成形,从而获得容量为600ml的容器[ⅳ]。
比较例1
通过对树脂混合物(相同于由实施例1中使用的树脂混合物所构成的成形用原料)进行注射模塑成形,形成了口颈部直径约30mm、长度约160mm、平均壁厚约4.5mm、其口颈部与双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器之口颈部为同一结构的有底筒状体的预成形坯。该预成形坯中未聚合的丙烯腈单体的量为3.2ppm。
接着,一边使上述预成形坯沿长轴方向旋转,一边用3Me V加速电压的电子射线照射装置对该预成形坯照射0.15兆RAD的电子射线,紧接着照射处理后,立即在140℃的拉伸温度下对上述预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形,于是获得容量为600ml的容器[Ⅰ]。
比较例2
通过对树脂混合物(相同于由实施例1中使用的树脂混合物所组成的成形用原料)进行注射模塑成形、形成了口颈部直径约30mm、长度约160mm、平均壁厚约4.5mm、口颈部与双轴拉伸吹塑成形的容器之口颈部为同一结构的有底筒状体的预成形坯。该预成形坯中未聚合丙烯腈单体的量为13.2ppm。
接着,一边使上述预成形坯沿长轴方向旋转,一边用3Me V加速电压的电子射线照射装置对该预成形坯照射(0.10兆RAD的电子射线,照射处理后立即用90℃的热风对该预成形坯进行30分钟的加热。
此后,在140℃的拉伸温度下,对经过上述处理的预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形,于是获得了容量为600ml的容量[Ⅱ]。
在本比较例2中,由于在双轴拉伸吹塑成形前对预成形坯照射的电子射线之照射剂量是不足的,因此,残留在预成形坯中的未聚合丙烯腈的量未能满足本发明方法所规定的标准。
以上各实施例以及比较例中的、要接受双轴拉伸吹塑成形的各预成形坯中未聚合丙烯腈单体的量、经过双轴拉伸吹塑成形的各容器的平均壁厚、氧气的遮断性(透过性)、容器中未聚合丙烯腈单体的量、萃取自容器的HCN的量均被显示在表中。
来自上述容器的HCN的萃取量,是通过这样的途径萃取出的HCN的量,即把由20%的酒精溶液组成的洗提试验浸出用液加热至60℃,然后加入到各容器直到该容器的规定加入线的位置为止,接着把盖子旋紧密并在60℃的气氛中放置30分钟。
实施例或比较例NO. | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 比较例1 | 比较例2 | ||
要接受冲击成形的预成形坯中未聚合丙烯腈单体的量(ppm) | 0.1> | 0.1> | U.1> | 0.1> | 0.75 | 1.60 | ||
容器的种类 | [ⅰ] | [ⅱ] | [ⅲ] | [ⅳ] | [Ⅰ] | [Ⅱ] | ||
各容器的 | 平均壁厚(mm) | 0.87 | 0.86 | 1.08 | O.87 | 0.91 | 0.89 | |
氧气透过性(cc/day) | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.01 3 | 0.006 | 0.006 | O.006 | ||
丙烯腈单体的量(ppm) | 0.1> | 0.1> | 0.1> | 0.1> | 0.72 | 1.40 | ||
HCN的萃取量(ppb) | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
(N D……检出界限以下)
本发明的采用双轴拉伸吹塑成形而使丙烯腈系树脂制容器成形的方法,是在以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂的预成形坯中照射电子射线或7射线,然后立即加热至40℃以上的温度,从而使上述预成形坯中未聚合的单休减少至0.1ppm以下,接着对该预成形坯进行双轴拉伸吹塑成形。
按照上述本发明的方法,通过减少照射在预成形坯上的电子射线或7射线的照射量,可抑制副产物HCN的生成量。由于用来照射的电子射线或7射线的照射剂量被抑制而仍然残留于预成形坯中的未聚合丙烯腈单体的量,可通过上述电子射线或7射线的照射处理并接着对预成形坯进行加热之后而得到减低。
因此,按照本发明的方法,所获得的双轴拉伸吹塑成形容器不但具有与普通的双轴拉伸吹塑成形容器(通过对以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂制的预成形坯进行双轴拉伸成形而得到的)相同的优点,如优异的气密性和透明性、重量轻、对多种溶剂能呈现出优异的稳定性,而且还具有容器中未聚合丙烯腈单体在0.1ppm以下、副产物的HCN的萃取量在检出界限以下的这种优异的卫生特性。因此,采用本发明的方法能够形成作为盛装食品、药品、化妆品等的容器而产生极为优异的作用及效果。
Claims (9)
1.一种丙烯腈系树脂制容器的成形方法,其中,残余的丙烯腈单体的含量在0.1ppm以下,可萃取的氰化氢含量在10ppb以下,其特征在于,所述成形方法包括下述工序:
a)对以丙烯腈系树脂组成的热塑性树脂制的预成形坯照射以0.01~0.8兆RAD的电子射线或0.01~0.8兆伦琴的γ射线,以减少所述预成形坯中的副产物HCN含量及残余的丙烯腈单体含量;
b)立即将上述照射了电子射线或γ射线的预成形坯加热至40℃~90℃的范围,所述加热时间足以使残留于该预成形坯中的残余丙烯腈单体含量在0.1ppm以下;
c)在b)的加热时间之后,对上述预成形坯作双轴拉伸吹塑成形,作成所述容器,该容器中的残余丙烯腈单体的含量在0.1ppm以下,可萃取的氰化氢含量在10ppb以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,所述丙烯腈系树脂系使用这样的丙烯腈系树脂,其中作为丙烯腈被计算的腈的单体成分含量为55-85%(重量)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,预成形坯的平均壁厚为1.0-8.0mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,用40℃以上的温度对预成形坯的加热处理是通过热风加热、高频加热、电介体加热、远红外线加热、近红外线加热、或者是这些加热手段中的2种以上之组合来进行的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂制的预成形坯是采用含有甲醛化合物的热塑性树脂而形成的。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征是,以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂制预成形坯是采用含有分散剂的热塑性树脂而形成的。
7.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征是,以丙烯腈系树脂为树脂主要成分的热塑性树脂制预成形坯是采用含有氧化防止剂的热塑性树脂而形成的。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,电子射线或γ射线是对沿长轴方向旋转的预成形坯进行照射而形成的。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,在照射电子射线或γ射线之后立即进行的对预成形坯的加热处理为165℃以下的加热处理。
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KR (1) | KR970011567B1 (zh) |
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US4174043A (en) * | 1977-11-10 | 1979-11-13 | Monsanto Company | Nitrile preforms and containers and process improvements for forming same |
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EP0333401B1 (en) | 1994-12-07 |
DE68919728T2 (de) | 1995-04-20 |
CN1036728A (zh) | 1989-11-01 |
DE68919728D1 (de) | 1995-01-19 |
EP0333401A2 (en) | 1989-09-20 |
MY104956A (en) | 1994-07-30 |
JPH01234225A (ja) | 1989-09-19 |
EP0333401A3 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
AU3132289A (en) | 1989-09-21 |
KR890014242A (ko) | 1989-10-23 |
KR970011567B1 (ko) | 1997-07-12 |
CA1338983C (en) | 1997-03-11 |
AU626011B2 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
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