CN106337788A - Organic Rankine cycle power generation device and flow path control method for heat collecting fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an organic Rankine cycle power generation device and a flow path control method for heat collecting fluid. The power generation device comprises an organic Rankine cycle and a solar heat collector; the heat collector comprises a shell and a heat collecting part arranged in the shell; the heat collecting part comprises a liquid inflow and distribution pipe, a liquid outflow and collecting pipe and pulsation heat pipe heat collecting units arranged between the liquid inflow and distribution pipe and the liquid outflow and collecting pipe; each pulsation heat pipe heat collecting unit mainly comprises a compound parabolic concentrator, a pulsation heat pipe heat absorber and a double-pipe heat exchanger; each pulsation heat pipe heat absorber is formed by a plurality of evaporation segments and condensing segments at intervals; the evaporation segments are arranged on the compound parabolic concentrators in a column-crossing manner; the two ends of a sleeve shell of each double-pipe heat exchanger are communicated with the liquid inflow and distribution pipe and the liquid outflow and collecting pipe correspondingly; the condensing segments are arranged in the sleeve shells; and the heat collecting liquid forms a flowing path between the liquid inflow and distribution pipe, the liquid outflow and collecting pipe and at least one portion of each double-pipe heat exchanger. According to the power generation device, the stable and efficient power generation requirement can be met by adjusting the flow path of the heat collecting liquid.

Description

Organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT and the flow control method of thermal-arrest liquid

Technical field

The present invention relates to radiant heat energy field can be utilized and in particular to a kind of organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT and collection very much The flow control method of hot liquid.

Background technology

Thermal-arrest liquid in solar thermal collector leans on free convection or pump flowing at present.Heat-collecting temperature and flow are passively adjusted Section is it is impossible to dynamic according to actual needs pass through to adjust running status (heat-collecting temperature and flow) and adapt to weather and use demand Change；And solar thermal collector generally to absorb solar energy using the heat-absorbent surface of slab construction, and the temperature of heat-absorbent surface is universal Higher than endothermic tube temperature, define a hyperthermia radiation face and leak hot face, affect collecting efficiency.

At present for the improvement of solar thermal collector, the heat-collecting temperature being primarily directed to heat collector is carried out.As in vacuum tube Heat collector is inserted into metal tube changing fluid flow, or carries out segment set thermal flow process in the thermal-collecting tube of flat plate collector Arranged in series etc..But the optimization to solar thermal collector is extremely limited, how fundamentally to change the heat-collecting capacity of heat collector with And the utilization rate of raising heat collector, so that heat collector is run according to use demand adjust automatically thermal-arrest liquid flow high efficiency, be still Treat the problem optimizing further.

The application being generated electricity using solar thermal collector thermal-arrest is widely.But the collection in current solar thermal collector Hot liquid leans on free convection or pump flowing, and heat-collecting temperature is affected greatly by solar radiation, heat-collecting temperature and heat-collecting capacity fluctuate greatly it is impossible to Actual demand dynamic regulation according to TRT.

Content of the invention

Technical problem

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, how to adjust the thermal-arrest temperature of thermal-arrest liquid according to the demand of TRT Degree and heat-collecting capacity.

Solution

In view of this, An embodiment provides a kind of organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT, this TRT Including: organic Rankine bottoming cycle；And solar thermal collector, it includes housing and is placed in the thermal-arrest portion in described housing；Wherein, Described thermal-arrest portion include feed liquor separating tube, go out liquid collector tube and be placed in therebetween, several pulsating heat pipe heat collection unit, Each pulsating heat pipe heat collection unit includes compound parabolic concentrator, pulsating heat pipe heat extractor and double-tube heat exchanger, and pulsating heat pipe is inhaled Hot device is formed by some groups of evaporator sections and condensation segment interval, and evaporator section is placed in described compound parabolic concentrator, described set across column The two ends of the sheath body of heat exchange of heat pipe respectively with described feed liquor separating tube and described go out liquid collector tube connect, described condensation segment is placed in institute State in sheath body；

Working medium in described evaporator section absorb by described compound parabolic concentrator reflect too can be after radiation energy, by heat It is delivered to described condensation segment and carries out heat exchange with the thermal-arrest liquid in described sleeve pipe heat exchanger, described thermal-arrest liquid is in described feed liquor Separating tube, described go out to form flow path between liquid collector tube and at least a portion described sleeve pipe heat exchanger, and there is physics The number of the described sleeve pipe heat exchanger of described flow path on the premise of meaning, can be accessed by adjustable mode；

The head and the tail two ends of described flow path are connected with the heat exchanger in the vaporizer of described organic Rankine bottoming cycle；Or will The position being equivalent to vaporizer in described organic Rankine bottoming cycle is accessed at the head and the tail two ends of described flow path, in described flow path Thermal-arrest liquid be described organic Rankine bottoming cycle provide thermal source.

For above-mentioned TRT, in a kind of possible implementation, described feed liquor separating tube and described go out liquid liquid collecting Several electrically operated valves are distributed with pipe, by adjusting the on off state of each described electrically operated valve, are in the electronic of open state Valve make thermal-arrest liquid described feed liquor separating tube, described go out formed between liquid collector tube and described sleeve pipe heat exchanger adjustable , the flow path of multistage pulsating heat pipe heat extractor heat absorption；Wherein, the direction swimming over to downstream with feed liquor separating tube is for pulsation heat The direction that the heat absorption series of tube heat sucker is incremented by, then endotherm area >=the place of the pulsating heat pipe heat extractor of the higher high-temperature level of series Endotherm area in the pulsating heat pipe heat extractor of the relatively low low-temperature level of series.

For above-mentioned TRT, in a kind of possible implementation, also include control unit, it is with each electrically operated valve It is electrical connection, for adjusting the on off state of each described electrically operated valve；Adjust each described electricity for through described control unit For the flow path that the on off state of movable valve is formed, on the incremental direction of the heat absorption series of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor, when When total heat absorption series of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor is odd number, the electrically operated valve of the most downstream on described feed liquor separating tube should Close, located at described go out liquid collector tube on the electrically operated valve of most downstream should open；Heat absorption level when pulsating heat pipe heat extractor When number is for even number, otherwise.

For above-mentioned TRT, in a kind of possible implementation, described feed liquor separating tube is additionally provided with regulation stream Control valve, adjusts stream in described flow path for the thermal-arrest liquid by adjusting the described aperture adjusting flow control valve Amount.

For above-mentioned TRT, in a kind of possible implementation, described solar thermal collector also includes sensor Group, comprising: first sensor group, its located at the upstream of described feed liquor separating tube, for detecting thermal-arrest liquid in entrance Characteristic parameter；Second sensor group, its located at described go out liquid collector tube downstream, for detecting the spy in exit for the thermal-arrest liquid Levy parameter；And 3rd sensor group, in its environment residing for located at described solar thermal collector, for detecting ambient parameter； Above-mentioned (first, second, third) sensor group is electrically connected with described control unit respectively, for providing for adjusting to described control unit The basic parameter of the on off state of each described electrically operated valve whole.

Preferably, with the axial direction of described pulsating heat pipe heat extractor as length direction, described compound parabolic concentrator with Described pulsating heat pipe heat extractor is adapted in the size of this length direction, and the scope of the intercepting ratio of described compound parabolic concentrator For 0～4/5.Preferably, described pulsating heat pipe heat extractor is placed on the focal circle of described compound parabolic concentrator along its length, And caliber≤the 4mm of described pulsating heat pipe heat extractor.

For above-mentioned direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, in a kind of possible implementation, by described two-way and above described in Set heat exchanger is in parallel to form double-tube heat exchanger pipe group, the import and export of described sleeve pipe Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger group pass through respectively two grades of liquor separators with Described feed liquor separating tube with described go out liquid collector tube connect.

Another embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of flow control method of thermal-arrest liquid, this flow control method bag Include: control unit gathers parameter and the service data of solar thermal collector；Control unit is based on described parameter and described service data, The object function of corresponding solar thermal collector under selected current power generation mode is optimized；Control unit obtains object function Mesh for the feed liquor separating tube located at solar thermal collector corresponding during optimal value and each electrically operated valve going out on liquid collector tube Mark on off state；Wherein, described optimal value is minimum pump work under given temperature and flow；Control unit is by the switch shape of electrically operated valve State be adjusted to target switch state so that solar thermal collector thermal-arrest liquid feed liquor separating tube, go out liquid collector tube, sleeve pipe changes Form adjustable flow path between hot device and organic Rankine bottoming cycle.

For above-mentioned flow control method, in a kind of possible implementation, this flow control method also includes: controls Portion shows the information drawing according to described parameter and service data, comprising: the turnover liquid temp of thermal-arrest liquid, flow and pressure Difference；Current ambient parameter；And the current on off state of each described electrically operated valve；Storage TRT parameter and Service data, for subsequently recalling.

Beneficial effect

The organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT of the present invention improves the stability of TRT and generating efficiency specifically, leads to Cross and improved too using the pulsating heat pipe heat collection unit of compound parabolic concentrator, pulsating heat pipe heat extractor and double-tube heat exchanger composition The collecting efficiency of sun energy heat collector, and achieve the adjustable of collecting efficiency by changing the flow path of thermal-arrest liquid, change It has been apt to the adaptability of the heat-collecting temperature and heat-collecting capacity of the solar thermal collector different power generation needs to TRT.

Brief description

When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention can more completely be more fully understood.Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing A further understanding of the present invention, embodiment and its illustrate, for explaining the present invention, not constituting inappropriate limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 illustrates the structural representation (solar energy heating of the organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT of one embodiment of the invention The heat exchanger that device passes through in vaporizer heats the working medium of organic Rankine bottoming cycle)；Fig. 2 illustrates the organic bright of one embodiment of the invention The solar thermal collector cross-sectional schematic of willing circulation electric generating apparatus；Fig. 3 illustrates that the organic Rankine of another embodiment of the present invention follows The structural representation (solar thermal collector directly serves as the vaporizer of organic Rankine bottoming cycle) of ring TRT.

Fig. 4 illustrates the control unit of the solar thermal collector of organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT of one embodiment of the invention Logic diagram；Fig. 5-1 illustrates the control of the solar thermal collector of organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT of one embodiment of the invention A kind of logic diagram of the embodiment in portion；Fig. 5-2 illustrates the organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT of one embodiment of the invention too The logic diagram of another kind of embodiment of control unit of sun energy heat collector；Fig. 6 illustrates the organic Rankine of one embodiment of the invention A kind of logic diagram of the optimal way of the control unit of the solar thermal collector of circulation electric generating apparatus.

Reference numerals list

1st, feed liquor separating tube 2, pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 3, go out liquid collector tube 4, compound parabolic concentrator 5, electrodynamic valve Door the 61, first temperature sensor 62, second temperature sensor 63, three-temperature sensor 7, flow transducer 81, first Differential pressure pickup measuring point 82, the second differential pressure pickup measuring point 9, flow control valve 10, air velocity transducer 11, solar radiation pass Sensor 12, thermal-arrest liquid circulation pump 13, decompressor 14, electromotor 15, condenser 16, organic working medium pump 17, vaporizer 18th, base plate 19, heat-insulation layer 20, framework 21, cover-plate glass 22, double-tube heat exchanger 23, holding wire.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described in further detail to technical scheme.

The TRT of the present invention belongs to a kind of application of solar thermal collector (hereinafter referred to as heat collector).Specifically, lead to Cross heat collector as the thermal source of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, drive organic Rankine bottoming cycle to generate electricity.More specifically, the heat collecting liquid in heat collector Body absorb too can after radiation energy as organic Rankine bottoming cycle vaporizer driving heat source.But thermal-arrest liquid herein is not Liquid in physical significance, such as can be construed to, have mobile performance and can be with the medium of heat-carrying, heat transfer, Ke Yishi Liquid medium, such as calcium chloride concentrated solution, potassium chloride concentrated solution etc..Can also be gaseous medium etc. other there is Jie of identical functions Matter, such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon etc..Can also be organic working medium, such as r134a (HFA 134a), R600a (iso-butane) etc..

If the thermal-arrest liquid for thermal-arrest can be used as the working medium (i.e. organic working medium) of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, heat collector Get final product the overall vaporizer 17 as organic Rankine bottoming cycle, be sequentially connected composition with decompressor 13, electromotor 14 and condenser 15 The circulation electric generating apparatus of one closure.If thermal-arrest liquid is not suitable as the working medium of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, need organic Introduce heat exchanger in the vaporizer 17 of Rankine cycle and carry out heat exchange.

Embodiment 1

Fig. 1 illustrates the structural representation of the organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT of one embodiment of the invention.In this situation Under, the thermal-arrest liquid due to being used for thermal-arrest in heat collector cannot function as the working medium of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, and therefore thermal-arrest liquid carries Heat need by the intervention of heat exchanger in vaporizer 17, to realize the working medium of organic Rankine bottoming cycle is heated.

As shown in figure 1, in such a case, TRT specifically includes that inside is provided with the vaporizer 17 of heat exchanger, and The heat collector of power generation temperature (i.e. thermal source) is provided for heat exchanger.

Wherein heat collector mainly includes housing and is placed in the thermal-arrest portion in housing；Housing is mainly used as the load in thermal-arrest portion Body, and ensure that sunlight can expose to thermal-arrest portion through the cover-plate glass 21 of housing.Further as shown in Fig. 2 the knot of housing Structure mainly includes base plate 18, framework 20, heat-insulation layer 19 and cover-plate glass 21；Wherein: the upper surface of framework 20 covers high printing opacity Cover-plate glass 21, the inner side of the framework 20 in addition to upper surface is equipped with heat-insulation layer 19；Base plate 18 is located at the guarantor of framework 20 bottom The top of warm layer 19.Thermal-arrest portion includes feed liquor separating tube 1, goes out liquid collector tube 3 and be placed in pulsating heat pipe thermal-arrest therebetween Unit, each pulsating heat pipe heat collection unit compound parabolic concentrator 4 (cpc), pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 and double-tube heat exchanger 22, Pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 is formed by some groups of evaporator sections and condensation segment interval, and evaporator section is placed in cpc4, double-tube heat exchanger across column The two ends of 22 sheath body respectively with feed liquor separating tube 1 and go out liquid collector tube 3 and connect, and the condensation segment of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 is then As a part for double-tube heat exchanger 22, it is placed in sheath body.As one kind preferably, evaporator section arranged side by side is uniform, parallel row Mode for cloth.Working medium in evaporator section absorb by cpc4 reflect too can after radiation energy, transfer heat to condensation segment and with set Thermal-arrest liquid in heat exchange of heat pipe 22 carries out heat exchange, and the organic Rankine bottoming cycle that the thermal-arrest liquid after heat absorption intensification is used for the present invention is sent out Electricity.

The thermal-arrest liquid of the present invention in feed liquor separating tube 1, go out between liquid collector tube 3 and at least a portion double-tube heat exchanger 22 Form flow path, and the heat exchanger in vaporizer 17 makes flow path form closed loop, that is, the thermal-arrest liquid in heat exchanger 14 exists Complete to pump into the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1 and along flow path through heat collecting liquid body circulation pump 12 after heating function, so Flow into vaporizer 17 by the downstream going out liquid collector tube 3, by the heat exchanger in vaporizer 17 to the organic work in vaporizer 17 Matter is heated, and so completes to collect thermal cycle.And on the premise of there is physical significance, can be accessed by adjustable mode The number of the described sleeve pipe heat exchanger 22 of described flow path；Make path variable by certain adjustment mode.The present invention In, in addition to the collection thermal cycle of thermal-arrest liquid, the also power generation cycle (organic Rankine bottoming cycle) of organic working medium: organic working medium is being steamed Send out in device 17 and steam is heated to be by thermal-arrest liquid, then flow into decompressor 13, puffing in decompressor 13, promote decompressor 13 rotate and drive electromotor 14 to generate electricity, and realize heat to power output.Then organic working medium further flows into condenser 15 and cooling water It is condensed into liquid refrigerant after heat exchange, is pumped to vaporizer 17 through working medium pump 16, thus forming organic working medium circulation.Additionally, passing through Cpc4 is fixed on the fixation that base plate 18 achieves pulsating heat pipe heat collection unit.The two ends of double-tube heat exchanger 22 are divided with feed liquor respectively Liquid pipe 1 is connected with going out liquid collector tube 3, and the thermal-arrest liquid in heat exchanger 14 passes through the heat collector entrance of heat collector upstream through feed liquor Separating tube 1 sleeve pipe heat exchanger 22, after absorbing the solar radiant energy of cpc4 reflection, flow to out liquid collection in double-tube heat exchanger 22 Liquid pipe 3, and flowed into by the heat collector outlet in heat collector downstream.

As a kind of preferred, in order to ensure the stability in heat-absorbing structure and thermal conversion efficiency, pulsating heat pipe is absorbed heat The evaporator section of device 2 is placed on the position of the focal circle of corresponding cpc4, being placed in herein, absolutely not being placed in of stricti jurise, but Reach the effect of collecting efficiency raising by the position relationship being generally residing in, such as can be construed to the position with respect to focal circle Put, deviation is less than certain numerical value and gets final product (as 0.5mm).Because this position is in the range of structures of whole cpc4, there is collection Heat advantage the most intensive, is thus advantageous to improve the collecting efficiency of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2.

In a kind of possible embodiment, make path variable by certain adjustment mode, can be, on pipeline such as Several electrically operated valve 5 is distributed with, by adjusting the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 so that thermal-arrest as heat-absorbing medium After the upstream end through entering liquid separating tube 1 for the liquid enters heat collector, it is in the electrically operated valve of open state so that thermal-arrest liquid is entering Liquid separating tube 1, go out formed between liquid collector tube 3 and double-tube heat exchanger 22 adjustable, the heat absorption of multistage pulsating heat pipe heat extractor Target flow path.Wherein, the direction swimming over to downstream with feed liquor separating tube is incremental for the heat absorption series of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor Direction, then in order to ensure thermal-arrest have reality meaning, the heat-absorbent surface of the pulsating heat pipe heat extractor of the higher high-temperature level of series It amass >=is in the endotherm area of the pulsating heat pipe heat extractor of the relatively low low-temperature level of series.Thermal-arrest liquid is along this target flow path stream In dynamic process, only enter in the double-tube heat exchanger 22 that this target flow path is comprised and absorb the solar radiation reflected by cpc4 Heat energy after, finally corresponding collection device and/or application scenario are flowed out to by the downstream going out liquid collector tube 3.

By adjusting the switch shape being arranged at feed liquor separating tube 1 and going out several electrically operated valves 5 between liquid collector tube 3 State so that same heat collector can have different target flow path according to practical situation, that is, different collection calorific intensity.One In kind possible embodiment, the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 can adjust it is also possible to by therein one relatively independently As an entirety more than individual, carry out linkage adjustment.With further reference to Fig. 1, in a kind of possible embodiment, electrically operated valve 5 installation principle can be: from the beginning of the upstream that thermal-arrest liquid enters feed liquor separating tube, passes through set every time in feed liquor separating tube 1 Heat exchange of heat pipe 22 carries out after point liquid to thermal-arrest liquid, installs and be incorporated to electrically operated valve on the supervisor in the downstream of feed liquor separating tube 1 5, from being incorporated to the second road electrically operated valve 5, the downstream of the relevant position going out liquid collector tube 3 being connected in double-tube heat exchanger 22 Supervisor on also install be incorporated to electrically operated valve 5.

Certainly, the most basic heat absorbing units of the pulsating heat pipe heat collection unit of aforesaid heat collector are mainly by little yardstick The evaporator section of cpc4 and corresponding pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 is constituted.In a kind of possible embodiment, can change in sleeve pipe The length of hot device 22 is comparatively short and when pipe number is more, can be in parallel by double-tube heat exchanger 22 more than two-way or two-way, shape The double-tube heat exchanger pipe group of single double-tube heat exchanger 22 before becoming function to be equivalent to, that is, using this double-tube heat exchanger pipe group as base This heat absorbing units, in feed liquor separating tube 1 with go out to be provided with several such double-tube heat exchanger pipe groups between liquid collector tube 3, no Cross, each double-tube heat exchanger 22 of each double-tube heat exchanger Guan Zuzhong needs to realize itself and feed liquor separating tube by two grades of liquor separators 1 with connecting of going out liquid collector tube 3.

As can be seen that except using single double-tube heat exchanger 22 as in addition to one individually most basic unit it is also possible to Form the most basic unit that function phase is worked as by parallel for multichannel double-tube heat exchanger 22.To improve the collection thermal effect of heat collector further Rate.

Additionally, for the structural integrity ensureing thermal-arrest portion, cpc4 and pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 are in the size of length direction Should be adapted, being adapted it should be construed to roughly the same herein, herein roughly the same, such as can be construed to pulsation heat The length of tube heat sucker 2 can be slightly longer, and length difference is less than certain critical numerical value (being less than 2cm as unilateral).Can in one kind In the embodiment of energy, it is 0～4/5 in the intercepting of cpc4 than scope, and the external diameter of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 no more than 4mm is (excellent Select 1～4mm, more preferably 2～4mm) in the case of, cpc4 can have and conventional flat plate collector or vacuum tube heat collection function The suitable size of device (as height≤50mm), in the case of cpc4 is suitable with conventional heat collector size, it can produce relatively The effect in conventional heat collector at least 2～5 times of focusing ratio reaching as high as 10 times hence it is evident that improve collecting efficiency.Additionally, Cpc4 can be the mode machine-shaping such as to print using 3d.

As can be seen that present invention cpc4 instead of traditional absorber plate, instead of traditional heat pipe with capillary endothermic tube 2 Or conventional endothermic tube, the introducing of cpc4 increased the endothermic heat flow density of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2, decreases area of dissipation；By Pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 can be preferably disposed at the position of substantially focal circle of cpc4 in pulsating heat pipe endothermic tube 2, therefore Take full advantage of the condenser performance of cpc4 so that in pulsating heat pipe endothermic tube 2 within heat collector thermal-arrest liquid temperature up to To theoretic maximum temperaturerise, on the premise of high temp objects area and leaking heat are reduced, improve the thermal-arrest of heat collector Efficiency.

In a kind of possible embodiment, the switch to each electrically operated valve 5 can be realized by introducing control unit The adjustment of state.With further reference to Fig. 1, if the feedback result that control unit draws is so that in five electrically operated valves 5 in Fig. 1 (2,5) (according to being incorporated to order, five electrically operated valves 5 refer to successively bottom right, lower in, bottom left, a upper right, upper left side, wherein electronic Two electrically operated valves 5 that valve (2,5) refers at (lower neutralize upper a left side) position are open mode, then form target flowing road Footpath (flow process) is as shown by the arrow.But, the stream on off state adjusting each electrically operated valve 5 through control unit being formed For dynamic path, still it is to ensure that thermal-arrest has practical significance, the side being incremented by the heat absorption series of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 Upwards, when the heat absorption series of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 is odd number, the electrically operated valve 5 of the most downstream on feed liquor separating tube 1 Should close, and the electrically operated valve 5 located at the most downstream going out on liquid collector tube 3 should be opened；Suction when pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 When thermal level number is even number, otherwise then.

As can be seen that the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid can be changed by the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 of control break；Logical Cross the flow process changing thermal-arrest liquid, the downstream enabling to out liquid collector tube 3 has the different liquid temps that go out, such as: in electrodynamic valve In the case of door 5 standard-sized sheet, the target flow path of the thermal-arrest liquid of formation is parallel-connection flow, and opens in part electrically operated valve 5 In the case of, then this target flow path includes at least a part of serial flow, particularly gets in the series being incorporated to electrically operated valve 5 In the case of height, the heat-collecting temperature of thermal-arrest liquid can be significantly hotter than simple parallel-connection flow；Due in above-mentioned parallel-connection flow and string Under connection flow process (including all connecting and comprise the sections in series of parallel branch), thermal-arrest liquid flows through institute during double-tube heat exchanger 22 The crushing being formed is different, therefore in the case of flow identical, can have the pump work of different pumping thermal-arrest liquid.

Additionally, as shown in figure 1, device also includes the sensor group of the service data for detecting heat collector, being mainly used in The parameter acquisition of control unit, sensor group specifically includes that

I) first sensor group, its located at the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1, for detecting thermal-arrest liquid in heat collector entrance Characteristic parameter, the first temperature sensor 61 such as located at the porch (i.e. the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1) of thermal-arrest liquid, flow Sensor 7 and the first differential pressure pickup measuring point 81 etc.；

Ii) second sensor group, its located at the downstream going out liquid collector tube 3, for detecting that thermal-arrest liquid exports in heat collector The characteristic parameter at place, such as second temperature sensor 62 He located at the exit (going out the downstream of liquid collector tube 3) of thermal-arrest liquid Second differential pressure pickup measuring point 82 etc.；And

Iii) 3rd sensor group, in its environment residing for located at heat collector, for detecting ambient parameter, is such as placed in environment In three-temperature sensor 63, air velocity transducer 10 and solar radiation sensor 11 etc..Specifically: i), ii), iii) in three The temperature sensor (61,62,63) at place is respectively used to detect the temperature of thermal-arrest liquid at heat collector import and export and heat collector The ambient temperature being located；I) flow transducer 7 in is used for detecting the flow of thermal-arrest liquid；I), ii) in pressure difference sensing at two Device measuring point (81,82) flows through the pressure drop after heat collector in heat collector exit for detecting thermal-arrest liquid；Iii the wind speed in) Sensor 10 is used for test environment wind speed；Iii the solar radiation sensor 11 in) is used for testing intensity of solar radiation.

Above-mentioned (first, second, third) sensor group is electrically connected with control unit, respectively for providing for adjusting to control unit The basic parameter of the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 whole.I.e. above-mentioned all of test data is transferred to control by holding wire 23 Portion processed, control unit can be placed in organic Rankine bottoming cycle it is also possible to be placed between organic Rankine bottoming cycle and heat collector, certainly also may be used With the inside located at heat collector.Heat collector passes through vaporizer 17 provides thermal source to organic Rankine bottoming cycle.Heat collector is according to the temperature that generates electricity The demand of degree determines power generation mode, and heat collector is optimized to the flow path of the thermal-arrest liquid under power generation mode and flow. I.e. control unit is by controlling the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 to adjust the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid it is possible to pass through to adjust flow control The aperture of valve 9 processed carrys out the flow of domination set hot liquid, finally realizes the generating of (under different state of weather) under different condition.

Additionally, control unit also passes through holding wire 22 with the flow control valve 9 of the upstream located at feed liquor separating tube 1 realizing being electrically connected Connect, by adjust flow control valve 9 aperture come domination set hot liquid the flow in flow process.

But, the topmost function of control unit is to control opening of electrically operated valve 5 for the operation conditions according to heat collector Off status；And then change the target flow path of thermal-arrest liquid.As a kind of specific embodiment, with further reference to Fig. 4, control Portion processed is used for the Row control completing to thermal-arrest liquid, and this flow control method mainly includes following functions:

41) receive capabilities, it is used for gathering and uploading the parameter of heat collector and can characterize heat collector running status Data (service data)；

42) processing function, its according to the above-mentioned data that receives, the setting having in conjunction with present mode go out liquid temperature Degree, is optimized to the object function of present mode according to certain Optimized Approaches；

It is to be understood that the Optimized Approaches being mentioned above, can be applied to tear choosing and adjustment open using existing, ripe Optimized algorithm (as neural network algorithm, ant group algorithm, one by one than equity) it is also possible to again be compiled according to the actual requirements Journey, or suitable adjustment is carried out to existing algorithm, as long as can make to work as front mould by adjusting the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 Object function under formula is more excellent.

Additionally, with regard to present mode, in a kind of possible embodiment, can be preset several in control unit and selectes , classical target operational mode, each target operational mode can have specific object function, so that it is obtaining It is applied to occasion corresponding with target operational mode in the case of the figure of merit.Or it is also possible to according to practical situation, in control unit Newly-increased certain or certain several new target operational mode, so that its object function is applied in the case of obtaining optimal value Occasion corresponding with new target operational mode.Wherein, the species of optimal value at least include with maximum temperaturerise under given flow, to Make under liquid temp minimum pump work under maximum stream flow and given temperature and flow.

43) feedback function, it is used for calculating the object function of present mode is each electrodynamic valve corresponding during optimal value The on off state that door 5 should have, i.e. the target switch state of each electrically operated valve 5；

44) perform function, feedback module is shown that the on off state that each electrically operated valve 5 should have is each with collect by it The current on off state of individual electrically operated valve 5 is compared, and by sending corresponding execution order so that each electrically operated valve 5 On off state be adjusted to target switch state.

It is, of course, also possible to possess other miscellaneous functions such as display, storage, specifically:

45) display function, it is used for showing the real-time running state of heat collector by certain form, such as can be to fortune Row state is classified, and is then shown with forms such as " good, normal, overheated ", or according to practical situation and demand, will Some parameters of running status are shown, or the running status that some parameters are characterized with animation streams (as thermal-arrest liquid Flow path etc.) form shown；

46) store function, it is used for recording and store parameter and the service data of heat collector；Primarily as standby number According to.As being easy to subsequently through the running status of heat collector is obtained with impact heat collector by way of recalling data The factor of energy, thus carry out improving the research of thermal performance of collectors.Or when heat collector breaks down, can be by recalling correlation Data is as the reference data of accident analysis.

With further reference to Fig. 5-1 and Fig. 5-2, in a kind of possible embodiment, control unit can include control device With two ingredients of remote control, by two ingredients cooperate to complete that control unit should possess upper State function " 41～46 "；As the division of labor of two parts can be: control device mainly completes its main operational and control of correlation etc. Function, and remote control then mainly completes the functions such as display.Specifically:

As the core component of control unit, it is mainly integrated with following five functions to control device:

5101) data acquisition function, the service data of collection heat collector simultaneously transmits this data to remote control, its In: service data can include but is not limited to: heat-collecting temperature, flow, the flowing pressure loss of thermal-arrest liquid, ambient temperature, wind Speed, one of intensity of solar radiation or multiple, be mainly used according to parameter calculate the fluid temperature rise of heat collector, leaking heat and Crushing etc. characterizes the parameter of performance characteristic, or some intermediate parameters, or at remote control end by some parameters The running status being reflected shows in real time；And the current switch states of each electrically operated valve 5, as to electrically operated valve 5 Normal condition when on off state is adjusted；

5102) pattern confirms function, accepts the pattern confirmation instruction that remote control is selected, and pattern confirms that instruction can To include: select some as present mode in several existing heat collector operational modes, or can be according to current Heat-collecting temperature and flow, are manually entered new heat collector operational mode at remote control end, as present mode；

5103) calculation function, is optimized to the object function under present mode, calculates object function and obtains optimal value In the case of the target switch state that should have of each electrically operated valve 5 corresponding, and with reference to the normal condition in aforementioned 5101), Send corresponding control instruction to each electrically operated valve 5；

5104) storage and writing function, stores and records the relevant parameter of heat collector and service data (with real time execution The related data of state), parameter can include but is not limited to the size of each part of heat collector (as pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 He The size of cpc4), service data can include but is not limited to heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, environment temperature Degree, wind speed and intensity of solar radiation etc.；And record the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 (after including current and adjustment ).Storage is primarily to facilitate with writing function and recalls data when needed, can be such as to carry out in the performance to heat collector Research and during overall merit, or when the fault of heat collector is analyzed, as reference data.

In addition to the basic function that aforementioned four should possess as a rule, can also have following functions:

5105) display function, according to the actual requirements, can optionally show the part real-time running state of heat collector, Including but not limited to heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, ambient temperature, wind speed, intensity of solar radiation, electricity Movable valve on off state and thermal-arrest liquid flow.Display herein, is primarily to facilitate site examining and repairing and the manipulation of heat collector.

And remote control is then mainly integrated with following two functions:

5201) display function, optionally receiving control device collection or the parameter that calculates or data, permissible Including but not limited to receive heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, ambient temperature, wind speed and solar radiation strong Degree, is mainly used in being shown accordingly on the display interface that remote control end has, and understands current in order to user Heat collector running environment situation and heat collector operational factor, and the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 can also be received, it is also Mainly it is easy to user and understand current heat collector running status.

5202) pattern confirms function, and sending mode confirms that instruction, to control device, selects heat collector for control device Present mode, and the object function under present mode is optimized, so that the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid is optimised.

Calculating that the parameter of heat collector that control device collect and service data can participate in is mainly explained below, As being mainly used in the pressure loss of the temperature rise, leaking heat and thermal-arrest liquid that calculate heat collector.

The inlet temperature in heat collector porch for the thermal-arrest liquid can be set as t_in, the area of heat collector is a, and thermal-arrest liquid exists Outlet temperature t in heat collector exit_out, the series (being from upstream to the number of the double-tube heat exchanger that downstream comprises) of heat collector is N, then the area of each grade of distribution is a_iIt is assumed that intensity of solar radiation is i, ambient temperature is t_a, the flow of thermal-arrest liquid is m；

The then temperature rise of the first order is:

First, the temperature rise of the first order meets formula (1),

ia₁-q_{l_1}=cm (t_{out_1}-t_{in_1})=cm δ t₁(1)

In formula, δ t₁Temperature rise for first order thermal-arrest liquid；C is the specific heat of thermal-arrest liquid；t_{in_1}First order thermal-arrest liquid Inlet temperature, t_{in_1}=t_in；t_{out_1}For the outlet temperature of first order thermal-arrest liquid, also for the entrance temperature of second level thermal-arrest liquid Degree: t_{in_2}=t_{out_1}；q_{l_1}For the leaking heat of first order heat extractor,

In formula, h is the convection transfer rate of heat collector outer surface and environment, and this convection transfer rate is only had with ambient wind velocity Close, h=f (v)；a_{h_1}Exterior surface area for first order pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2；Then can get the temperature of the thermal-arrest liquid first order It is upgraded to:

${\mathrm{\δt}}_1=\frac{{\mathrm{ia}}_1-q_{l\_1}}{cm}=\frac{{\mathrm{ia}}_1-{\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_1}(\frac{t_{out\_1}+t_{in\_1}}{2}-t_a)}{cm}---\left(2\right)$

If the mean temperature of first order thermal-arrest liquid isThen can get the first stage temperature rise is:

${\mathrm{\δt}}_1=\frac{{\mathrm{ia}}_1-{\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_1}(t_1-t_a)}{cm}---\left(3\right)$

Same computational methods, second level heat collecting liquid body temperature rises computing formula and is:

ia₂-q_{l_2}=cm (t_{out_2}-t_{in_2})=cm δ t₂(4)

$q_{l\_2}={\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_2}(\frac{t_{out\_2}+t_{in\_2}}{2}-t_a)---\left(5\right)$

${\mathrm{\δt}}_2=\frac{{\mathrm{ia}}_2-{\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_2}(\frac{t_{out\_2}+t_{in\_2}}{2}-t_a)}{cm}=\frac{{\mathrm{ia}}_2-{\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_2}(t_2-t_a)}{cm}---\left(6\right)$

Then i-stage temperature rise is:

${\mathrm{\δt}}_i=\frac{{\mathrm{ia}}_i-{\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_i}(\frac{t_{out\_i}+t_{in\_i}}{2}-t_a)}{cm}=\frac{{\mathrm{ia}}_i-{\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_i}(t_i-t_a)}{cm}---\left(7\right)$

N-th grade of temperature rise is:

${\mathrm{\δt}}_n=\frac{{\mathrm{ia}}_n-{\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_n}(t_n-t_a)}{cm}---\left(8\right)$

If as can be seen that the collector area of every one-level pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 is identical with endotherm area, with series Increase, endothermic temperature more and more higher, then leaking heat increase therewith；And after working as series increase to a certain extent, the suction of heat collector Heat is equal with leaking heat, and now, the temperature of thermal-arrest liquid reaches highest heat-collecting temperature, will not increase further, follow-up collection Thermal flow process only can waste pump work.Therefore, heat collector to be improved go out liquid temp, then need according to every one-level heat collecting liquid body temperature Leaking heat after rising improves the heat extractor area of every one-level step by step.

Wherein it is determined that the computational methods of every one-level pipeline number and pressure drop are:

Because the closing of electrically operated valve 5 is to make due to the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid changes, therefore, the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid Decision process is mainly finds the electrically operated valve 5 being closed in flow process.The decision method of idiographic flow is:

First determine whether whether single flow process, that is, the double-tube heat exchanger 22 of whether all sockets is parallel connection.When satisfaction remove into Outside the electrically operated valve 5 of liquid separating tube most end one-level is closed, other all of electrically operated valves 5 are all open modes Under situation, thermal-arrest liquid is single parallel-connection flow.

It is not single parallel-connection flow in thermal-arrest liquid, in the case of that is, thermal-arrest liquid is multipaths, divide in feed liquor first Liquid pipe 1 finds the electrically operated valve 5 of first closing.I.e. j=1, i start to be gradually increased from 1, as a (x, 1)=0, then first-class The pipeline number of journey is x；Then find the electrically operated valve 5 of second closing on going out liquid collector tube 3, i.e. j=2, i continue to increase from x Plus, as a (y, 2)=0, then the pipeline number of second procedure is y-x；Then the next electrically operated valve 5 closed should divide in feed liquor In liquid pipe 1, then, the next electrically operated valve 5 closed is found on feed liquor separating tube 1, i.e. j=1, i continue to increase from y, work as a During (z, 2)=0, then the pipeline number of the 3rd flow process is z-y；The like just can obtain every one-level pipeline number until i=n-1. Two electrically operated valves 5 of last string are finally to flow out from going out liquid collector tube 3 for domination set hot liquid, last electrically operated valve 5 On off state be subject to flow process numerical control system: when flow process pipeline number be odd number when, the electrically operated valve 5 on feed liquor separating tube 1 be close, Going out the valve on liquid collector tube 3 is to open；When flow process number is even number, the electrically operated valve 5 on feed liquor separating tube 1 is to open , going out the electrically operated valve 5 on liquid collector tube 3 is to close.

Whole heat collector can be calculated after determining the number of double-tube heat exchanger 22 completing in flow process and each flow process The pressure drop of thermal-arrest liquid.It is equal to the pressure drop sum of every one-level.And the pressure drop of every one-level be equal to double-tube heat exchanger 22 along journey pressure Fall and partial drop of pressure sum.Wherein:

Single double-tube heat exchanger 22 along journey pressure drop be:

$h_f=\mathrm{\λ}\·\frac{l}{d}\·\frac{v^2}{2g}---\left(9\right)$

In formula, λ is along journey pressure-drop coefficient, and the flowing due to thermal-arrest liquid is generally laminar flow, can usel For the length of tube that absorbs heat；V is the flow velocity of thermal-arrest liquid in endothermic tube；G is acceleration of gravity；Re is the Reynolds number of thermal-arrest liquid；ρ is Thermal-arrest fluid density；D is endothermic tube external diameter；μ is thermal-arrest liquid dynamic viscosity；

Partial drop of pressure is:

$h_{\mathrm{\ξ}}=\mathrm{\ξ}\·\frac{v^2}{2g}---\left(10\right)$

In formula, ξ is partial drop of pressure coefficient, arrives sleeve heat exchange because the partial drop of pressure of heat collector is mainly feed liquor separating tube 1 The pressure drop that device 22, double-tube heat exchanger 22 are mutated to the caliber going out liquid collector tube 3 and flow direction causes, such as specifically real in one kind Apply in mode, ξ can be taken as 1.

Further, from formula (8), the outlet temperature for the thermal-arrest liquid of multistage heat collector is strong with solar radiation Degree, heat collector area, heat extractor area, the hot coefficient of heat transfer of leakage, ambient temperature, thermal-arrest specific heat of liquid and flow have relation.Therefore It is believed that the specific heat of thermal-arrest liquid is constant in the case of given thermal-arrest class of liquids；In given intensity of solar radiation Under under situation, heat collector go out liquid temp and ambient temperature, flow, the area going out liquid collector tube 3, pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 Area, leak the relating to parameters such as the hot coefficient of heat transfer it may be assumed that

$t_{out\_i}=t_{in\_i}+{\mathrm{\δt}}_n=t_{in\_i}+\frac{i-{\mathrm{ha}}_{h\_n}(t_n-t_a)}{cm}=f(h,a_{h\_n},a_n,m,t_a)---\left(11\right)$

And leak hot coefficient relevant with wind speed it may be assumed that

t_{out_i}=f (v, a_{h_n},a_n,m,t_a) (12)

And the energy utilization efficiency of heat collector, its except with the caloric receptivity of thermal-arrest liquid mutually outside the Pass, also with pumping thermal-arrest The pump work of liquid is relevant.Specifically: heat collector net efficiency=(heat collecting liquid body temperature liter-pump work)/solar radiation energy.And pump work Then there is relation with the flow of thermal-arrest liquid and flow process.That is, wanting to obtain the net energy utilization ratio of higher heat collector, On the premise of the confession liquid temp meeting thermal-arrest liquid and flow, to reasonably plan the flow process of thermal-arrest liquid, and by the greatest extent Amount reduces the pressure drop of thermal-arrest liquid reducing pump work.

Therefore, under the conditions of different solar radiations, pulsation can be adjusted by adjusting the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 The area of heat pipe receiver 2 and the area by heat collector and flow go out liquid temp and net energy profit adjust heat collector Use efficiency.Mode of operation as heat collector can include following three kinds of target operational mode:

1) maximum temperaturerise under given flow, this pattern is applied to the situation that the heat-collecting temperature to heat collector requires.

2) give out the maximum stream flow under liquid temp, this pattern is applied to the situation that the heat-collecting capacity to heat collector requires.

3) given temperature, the minimum pump work under flow, this pattern be applied to requirement thermal-arresting energy-saving run, minimum from wasted work Situation.

With reference to Fig. 1, for more clearly expressing the path of thermal-arrest liquid, such as can be represented by matrix a={ a (i, j) } The on off state of each electrically operated valve 5, wherein (i, j) are the coordinate of electrically operated valve 5, and i represents along thermal-arrest liquid flowing side To columns, j represents the line number along thermal-arrest liquid flow direction, represents that this electrically operated valve 5 is feed liquor separating tube 1 during such as j=1 On electrically operated valve 5, j=2 when represent that this electrically operated valve 5 is the electrically operated valve 5 on liquid collector tube 3.The value of a (i, j) represents Coordinate is the on off state of the electrically operated valve 5 of (i, j)；As when a (i, j)=1, expression electrically operated valve 5 is opening；And work as Then it represents that electrically operated valve 5 is closed mode during a (i, j)=0.The then on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 of whole heat collector, (0,1) matrix of n × 2 can be expressed as, you can to describe the thermal-arrest of whole heat collector by the value of each a (i, j) The flow process of liquid.

Control unit may be summarized to be to the concrete optimized algorithm that the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 is controlled:

It is the setting of object function first: the analysis according to user's request or based on research and/or practice, set some Individual alternative object function, such as alternative object function can include following three kinds of functions:

I) index that object function draws be maximum temperaturerise under given flow it may be assumed that

When m=constant, f₁=max (δ t)；Wherein δ t represents the maximum temperature rise of thermal-arrest liquid；

Ii) index that object function draws be give out maximum stream flow under liquid temp it may be assumed that

As thermal-arrest liquid discharge liquid temp t_outDuring=constant, f₂=max (m)；

Iii) index that object function draws be give out minimum pump work under liquid temp it may be assumed that

When going out liquid temp t_outDuring with thermal-arrest fluid flow m=constant, f₃=min (p_pump).

Temperature due to decompressor 13 entrance is set, and that is, heat-collecting temperature is it has been determined that so above-mentioned object function iii) Corresponding pattern is applied to the present invention, will be applied to TRT by heat collector.

Remote control can select any of which in above-mentioned object function as current object function, this mesh The scalar functions i.e. pattern of corresponding a certain kind emphasis (particular requirement under applicable situation), the process tool that this pattern is optimized Body may include that

Initialization step: random m n meeting the above-mentioned flow process of thermal-arrest liquid that can be used for describing whole heat collector of generation × 2 matrix, that is, the value of element a [i, j] therein randomly select between zero and one, reject above-mentioned m matrix in there is no physics The matrix of meaning, does not such as have the matrix of physical significance at least to include:

A) cause the matrix of the flow process open circuit of thermal-arrest liquid, that is, need to ensure that as a (i, 1) and a (i, 2) can not be 0 simultaneously.

With further reference to Fig. 1, whenWhen, due in upper and in lower two electrically operated valves 5 be simultaneously in Closed mode, can lead to the thermal-arrest liquid open circuit in heat collector, do not enable most basic heat collector entrance and flow into, export stream The path going out, belongs to invalid flow process it is therefore desirable to be rejected before being optimized calculating to path.

B) matrix that high-temperature level collector area is less than low-temperature level area, the i.e. heat collector surface of the flow process of every grade of thermal-arrest liquid are rejected The collector area of long-pending≤rear stage, and the collector area of >=previous stage.

With further reference to Fig. 1, whenWhen, that is, all electrically operated valves 5 are open mode, and flow process is simultaneously Connection；WhenWhen, it is thtee-stage shiplock thermal-arrest；

WhenWhen, form two-stage thermal-arrest, wherein rudimentary is a flow process thermal-arrest, two grades is two flow process collection Heat, two grades of collector areas are more than one-level collector area, meet the requirements；

And work asWhen, it is similarly formed two-stage thermal-arrest, wherein rudimentary is two flow process thermal-arrests, two grades is one Flow process thermal-arrest, two grades of collector areas are less than one-level collector area, undesirable；Should reject, the reason rejecting be: when rudimentary collection When the temperature of heat is sufficiently high, the leaking heat >=solar radiation quantity of senior thermal-arrest can be caused, then the heat-collecting temperature of heat collector is not May proceed to raise, that is, the collector area of senior thermal-arrest the thermal-arrest of heat collector is not contributed it is therefore desirable to path is carried out excellent Change and rejected before calculating.

Calculate the corresponding target function value of m1 matrix after rejecting, there is physical significance, obtain stage optimal value. Using this stage optimal value corresponding matrix a as objective matrix b initial value；That is: select the m1 matrix with physical significance In that optimum matrix of corresponding target function value, as the initial value of objective matrix b；

Optimization step: the rule according to setting is optimized to above-mentioned objective matrix b, meets stopping of setting in optimization process Only during condition, that is, obtain the target function value under this pattern.Corresponding thermal-arrest liquid path is obtained according to target function value, as Thermal-arrest liquid path after optimization.Control device combines the open and-shut mode of current electrically operated valve 5, to each electrically operated valve 5 send instruction, the path of thermal-arrest liquid are adjusted to the path of this target function value corresponding thermal-arrest liquid.

As a kind of simple example may is that user at remote control end by the target operation mould of current heat collector Formula is set as that by the index that object function draws be pattern corresponding to " maximum temperaturerise under given flow ", then control device pair Each electrically operated valve 5 sends m1 as the corresponding control instruction of matrix a of initial value:

As above-mentioned m1=1, the path of the thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector of control instruction formation corresponding to matrix a is " multistage Series connection ", is open mode such as (2,5) in five electrically operated valves in Fig. 1, remaining is closed mode, and this is initial value pair The stage optimal value answered, that is, as the initial value of objective matrix b [n, 2].According to this stage optimal value, test, calculate simultaneously The import and export temperature difference of record heat collector.

The process that above-mentioned stage optimal value is optimized can be, control device according to set rule (as empirical value, Random data exchanges etc.) element value in adjustment matrix a, such as the path for thermal-arrest liquid is adjusted to that " most end two-stage is string Connection ", is closed mode such as (1,5) (bottom right, the upper left side) in 5 electrically operated valves in Fig. 1, remaining is open mode, is formed Be the two-stage flow process gone here and there and combine, this first suboptimization stage optimal value being carried out.According to this first time optimal value.Root According to this first time optimal value, test, calculate and record heat collector import and export the temperature difference.

At the heat collector import and export in path of contrast perfecting by stage value and the corresponding two kinds of thermal-arrest liquid of first time optimal value The temperature difference, if the first (" plural serial stage ") is imported and exported the temperature difference and is more than second, control device resends instruction, with " plural serial stage ", as current thermal-arrest liquid flow, does not replace the value of objective matrix b [n, 2], and the rule according to setting is entered Traveling one-step optimization；If the first temperature difference is less than second, need to change flow process, by corresponding for first time optimal value thermal-arrest The path of liquid as current thermal-arrest liquid flow, after that is, the initial value of objective matrix b [n, 2] replaces with change flow process Value, the rule according to setting is optimized further；Until meeting the condition (as iteration or exchange times) setting, will be Thermal-arrest liquid flow corresponding to optimal value once, as the optimal value under this pattern, calculates the collection under this optimum state of value afterwards The import and export temperature difference of the thermal-arrest liquid of hot device be maximum temperaturerise (outlet temperature-inlet temperature), and obtain objective matrix b [n, 2] flow process of corresponding thermal-arrest liquid.

Certainly, in order to shorten optimized computing cost and improve optimum level it is also possible to carry out according to the actual requirements Programming or existing other of introducing are used for carrying out ripe algorithms of optimization selection.As current in still with previous example, incited somebody to action Heat collector target operational mode be set as by the index that object function draws be " maximum temperaturerise under given flow " institute right The pattern answered, applicant, according to actual demand, has carried out a kind of specific programming to this optimization process, with reference to Fig. 6, by this Algorithm to the detailed process that the path of thermal-arrest liquid is optimized can be:

601) calculate the m1 corresponding target function value of each matrix, optimum optimum as the stage of selection target functional value Value；Extract this stage optimal value corresponding matrix a and be stored in objective matrix b [n, 2], first as objective matrix b [n, 2] Initial value.

602) in m1 matrix, matrix selection matrix a1 and a2 is selected with the probability setting and carry out calculated crosswise, again give birth to Become two new matrix a1 ' and a2 '.The mode of calculated crosswise is as follows: 1. random generation integer c between 1 and n；2. by matrix a1 It is interchangeable with the numerical value of (i > c) in the element a1 [i, j] and a2 [i, j] in a2；3. there is no physics after rejecting matrix switch The matrix not having physical significance is replaced with b [n, 2] cover by the matrix of meaning simultaneously；Generate the matrix colony after intersecting.

Wherein, the whether selected probability for calculated crosswise of certain matrix in matrix colony, corresponding with this matrix The value of calculation of object function related it may be assumed that when object function during the function of the maximizing computing described in the present embodiment, then square The corresponding target function value of matrix in battle array colony is bigger, then the selected probability for intersection is bigger；Correspondingly, work as target Function be minimize computing function when, then the corresponding target function value of matrix in matrix colony is less, then selected use Less in the probability intersecting.

603) carry out variation to the matrix colony after obtained above the intersection to calculate, the mode that variation calculates is as follows: 1. 1 Random generation integer d and n between；2. with certain probability, determine whether the matrix individuality in above-mentioned matrix colony participates in making a variation Calculate.Herein, single matrix participates in the probability completely random of variation, unrelated with remaining condition any；If 3. some matrix a Take part in variation to calculate, then corresponding for a [i, j] (i=d) numerical value being carried out logic and overturn it may be assumed that if 1, being then changed into 0；If It is 0, then be entered as 1；4. there is no the matrix of physical significance after rejecting matrix variation；Still the matrix not having physical significance is used B [n, 2] cover replaces；Generate the matrix colony after variation.

604), after carrying out above-mentioned variation, intersecting, the initial value of optimum for a desired value matrix and b [n, 2] is compared, If corresponding target function value is better than initial value, substitutes initial value with stage optimal value, if initial value is more excellent, continue Retain initial value, that is, obtain stage optimal value, the matrix group body after variation is repeated with aforementioned the intersection and mutation operator, to rank Section optimal value is optimized further.

605) until when reaching other stop conditions of the iterationses of setting or setting, in the m1 matrix obtaining In, according to its corresponding target function value, using one group of optimal value as objective matrix b [n, 2] that target function value is optimum.

606) adjust the on off state controlling each electrically operated valve 5 so that the flow path of thermal-arrest liquid is according to target The path determined by optimal value of matrix b [n, 2], is optimal path.

According to actual needs, by adjusting the flow of the thermal-arrest liquid entering heat collector, each in heat collector by controlling The flow process to adjust thermal-arrest liquid for the opening and closing of individual electrically operated valve 5, combining environmental temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, heat collector size etc. Influence factor, for different application scenarios, can realize different going out liquid temp in the downstream going out liquid collector tube 3.As During summer, liquid temp to more than 100 DEG C will be gone out, and then pass through to drive absorption refrigeration or organic Rankine cycle power generation system real The utilization now heat energy collected freezed or generated electricity, improves the conversion ratio of the heat energy collected by heat collector.

Embodiment 2

Fig. 2 illustrates the structural representation of the organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT of another embodiment of the present invention.In this feelings Under shape, the thermal-arrest liquid due to being used for thermal-arrest in heat collector can be therefore whole by heat collector as the working medium of organic Rankine bottoming cycle As vaporizer, the heat being carried by thermal-arrest liquid directly provides heat energy to organic Rankine bottoming cycle to body.

The structure of the TRT under this kind of situation, need not be in organic Rankine as shown in figure 3, it is with the difference of Fig. 1 Circulate the vaporizer 17 setting heat exchanger in separately setting, heat collector is directly served as the vaporizer of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, directly will enter The upstream entrance of liquid separating tube 1 and lower exit condenser 15 and the expansion with organic Rankine bottoming cycle respectively going out liquid collector tube 3 Machine 13 connects.

The step that the thermal-arrest liquid control method of the present invention realizes TRT efficient stable is sent out is adopted to be specially (to scheme Shown in 1 have the structure of vaporizer 15 as a example): after start, control unit according to the parameter of heat collector (as include heat collector size, The size of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor, compound parabolic concentrator size etc.) and service data (as ambient temperature, wind speed, sun spoke Penetrate, thermal-arrest liquid out temperature, pressure drop and flow etc.), the object function of current power generation mode is optimized, when target letter In the case of number optimal value, the flow process of the thermal-arrest liquid determined by state of its each electrically operated valve 5 corresponding is as in theory Optimal flow process.After thermal-arrest liquid flows out heat collector through optimal flow process, flow into changing within the vaporizer of organic Rankine bottoming cycle In hot device, to heat the organic working medium of organic Rankine bottoming cycle.Under this situation, for thermal-arrest thermal-arrest liquid with for generate electricity Organic working medium can by dividing wall type heat exchanger come heat exchange, and ensure not mix.The main points that the present invention comprises specifically include that

1) pass through with pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2 as heat sink, instead of heat pipe or conventional endothermic tube, processing is simple, becomes This is cheap, and the external diameter≤4mm (preferably 1～4mm, more preferably 2～4mm) of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2, and by answering Conjunction parabolic concentrator is beam condensing unit, and its intercepting is 0～4/5 than scope, it is possible to use the processing technique molding such as 3d printing, has Effect increased the endothermic heat flow density of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor 2, decreases area of dissipation, the size of cpc4 can be made (highly little In equal to 50mm) suitable with conventional panel heat collector and vacuum tube collector, and there is 2～5 times even as high as 10 times of optically focused Than；And according to practical situation and demand, can using single double-tube heat exchanger 22 as basic heat absorbing units it is also possible to By the use of two grades of liquor separators using many with double-tube heat exchanger 22 parallel connection as basic heat absorbing units；And entirely heat collector passes through gold Belong to pipeline to connect, therefore there is certain bearing capacity, there is frost-cracking-preventing ability simultaneously in the winter time.

2) flow path of thermal-arrest liquid, and the switch shape of electrically operated valve 5 are adjusted by the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 State can be by control unit according to design temperature, ambient temperature, wind speed, intensity of solar radiation, thermal-arrest fluid flow and turnover stream The parameters such as dynamic pressure fall are determining so that the whole machine under current collection thermal environment has farthest catered to the demand of application scenario. According to different needs, adjust the flow process of the thermal-arrest liquid entering heat collector by adjusting the on off state of electrically operated valve 5, also The flow of the thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector can be adjusted into by the aperture of flow control valve 9 such that it is able at utmost The upper evaporating temperature (i.e. expander inlet temperature) realizing different organic working medium power generation requirements and power generation process.

Above in association with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are explained, accompanying drawing herein is used to provide to this That invents further understands.Obviously, the foregoing is only the present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention Be not limited thereto, any be to one skilled in the art can readily occur in, essentially without depart from the present invention Change or replacement, are also all contained within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of organic Rankine bottoming cycle TRT is it is characterised in that this TRT includes:

Organic Rankine bottoming cycle；And

Solar thermal collector, it includes housing and is placed in the thermal-arrest portion in described housing；

Wherein, described thermal-arrest portion includes feed liquor separating tube, goes out liquid collector tube and be placed in pulsating heat pipe thermal-arrest list therebetween Unit, each pulsating heat pipe heat collection unit includes compound parabolic concentrator, pulsating heat pipe heat extractor and double-tube heat exchanger, pulsating heat pipe Heat extractor is formed by some groups of evaporator sections and condensation segment interval, and evaporator section is placed in described compound parabolic concentrator across column, described The two ends of the sheath body of double-tube heat exchanger respectively with described feed liquor separating tube and described go out liquid collector tube connect, described condensation segment is placed in In described sheath body；

Working medium in described evaporator section absorb by described compound parabolic concentrator reflect too can be after radiation energy, by heat transfer Carry out heat exchange to described condensation segment and with the thermal-arrest liquid in described sleeve pipe heat exchanger, described thermal-arrest liquid divides liquid in described feed liquor Pipe, described go out to form flow path between liquid collector tube and at least a portion described sleeve pipe heat exchanger, and there is physical significance On the premise of, the number of the described sleeve pipe heat exchanger of described flow path can be accessed by adjustable mode；

The head and the tail two ends of described flow path are connected with the heat exchanger in the vaporizer of described organic Rankine bottoming cycle；Or will be described The position being equivalent to vaporizer in described organic Rankine bottoming cycle, the collection in described flow path are accessed in the head and the tail two ends of flow path Hot liquid provides thermal source for described organic Rankine bottoming cycle.

2. TRT according to claim 1 it is characterised in that described feed liquor separating tube and described go out liquid collector tube on Several electrically operated valve is distributed with, by adjusting the on off state of each described electrically operated valve, is in the electrically operated valve of open state Enable to thermal-arrest liquid described feed liquor separating tube, described go out formed between liquid collector tube and described sleeve pipe heat exchanger adjustable , the flow path of multistage pulsating heat pipe heat extractor heat absorption；

Wherein, the direction swimming over to downstream with feed liquor separating tube is the incremental direction of the heat absorption series of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor, then The pulsating heat pipe of the endotherm area of the pulsating heat pipe heat extractor of the higher high-temperature level of series >=the be in relatively low low-temperature level of series is inhaled The endotherm area of hot device.

3., it is characterised in that also including control unit, it is equal with each electrically operated valve for TRT according to claim 2 For electrically connecting, for adjusting the on off state of each described electrically operated valve；

And for the flow path that the on off state adjusting each described electrically operated valve through described control unit is formed, in pulsation On the direction that the heat absorption series of heat pipe receiver is incremented by, when total heat absorption series of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor is odd number, located at institute The electrically operated valve stating the most downstream on feed liquor separating tube should be closed, located at described go out liquid collector tube on most downstream electrodynamic valve Door should be opened；When the heat absorption series of pulsating heat pipe heat extractor is even number, otherwise.

4. TRT according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that be additionally provided with regulation flow control on described feed liquor separating tube Valve processed, by the described aperture adjusting flow control valve of described control unit adjustment, to adjust thermal-arrest liquid in described flow path In flow.

5. TRT according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that also include sensor group, comprising:

First sensor group, its located at the upstream of described feed liquor separating tube, for detecting the feature ginseng in entrance for the thermal-arrest liquid Number；

Second sensor group, its located at described go out liquid collector tube downstream, for detect thermal-arrest liquid in exit feature ginseng Number；And

3rd sensor group, in its environment residing for located at described solar thermal collector, for detecting ambient parameter；

Above-mentioned (first, second, third) sensor group is electrically connected with described control unit respectively, uses for providing to described control unit Basic parameter in the on off state adjusting each described electrically operated valve.

6. the TRT according to any one of Claims 1 to 5 is it is characterised in that with described pulsating heat pipe heat extractor Axial direction be length direction, described compound parabolic concentrator and described pulsating heat pipe heat extractor are in the size of this length direction It is adapted, and the scope of the intercepting ratio of described compound parabolic concentrator is 0～4/5.

7. the TRT according to any one of Claims 1 to 5 is it is characterised in that described pulsating heat pipe heat extractor edge Length direction is placed on the focal circle of described compound parabolic concentrator, and the caliber≤4mm of described pulsating heat pipe heat extractor.

8. the TRT according to any one of Claims 1 to 5 is it is characterised in that by described two-way and above institute State double-tube heat exchanger formation in parallel sleeve heat exchange pipe group, the both sides of described sleeve pipe set of heat exchange tubes pass through two grades of liquor separators and institute respectively State feed liquor separating tube with described go out liquid collector tube connect.

9. a kind of flow control method of thermal-arrest liquid is it is characterised in that this flow control method includes:

Control unit gathers parameter and the service data of solar thermal collector；

Control unit is based on described parameter and described service data, to corresponding solar energy heating under selected current power generation mode The object function of device is optimized；

Control unit obtains object function and for the corresponding feed liquor separating tube located at solar thermal collector during optimal value and goes out liquid liquid collecting The target switch state of each electrically operated valve on pipe；

Wherein, described optimal value is minimum pump work under given temperature and flow；

The on off state of electrically operated valve is adjusted to control unit target switch state so that the thermal-arrest liquid of solar thermal collector exists Feed liquor separating tube, go out between liquid collector tube, double-tube heat exchanger and organic Rankine bottoming cycle, to form adjustable flow path.

10. flow control method according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that this flow control method also includes:

Control unit shows the information drawing according to parameter and service data, comprising:

The turnover liquid temp of thermal-arrest liquid, flow and pressure reduction；Current ambient parameter；And each described electrically operated valve is current On off state；

The parameter of storage TRT and service data, for subsequently recalling.