CN106440517B

CN106440517B - The flow control method of direct-expansion type heat pump assembly and thermal-arrest liquid

Info

Publication number: CN106440517B
Application number: CN201610791446.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐荣吉; 王瑞祥; 许淑惠; 吕浩; 王刚; 高峰; 胡洁
Original assignee: Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Current assignee: Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Priority date: 2016-08-31
Filing date: 2016-08-31
Publication date: 2018-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-31
Also published as: CN106440517A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of direct-expansion type heat pump assemblies and the flow control method of thermal-arrest liquid, device to include：Heat pump cycle branch comprising the first branch and second road；Wherein, the first branch includes the compressor and condenser being sequentially connected；Wherein, the second branch includes heat exchanger；And solar thermal collector, it includes shell and the thermal-arrest portion being placed in the shell, thermal-arrest liquid thermal-arrest portion feed liquor separating tube, go out between liquid collector tube and at least part capillary tube heat sucker to form flow path, and the number of the capillary tube heat sucker of the flow path can be accessed by adjustable mode；By by the first branch and the second branch be respectively incorporated into the feed liquor separating tube and it is described go out liquid collector tube between, the first heating cycle and the second heating cycle can be formed with.The heat pump assembly of the present invention can meet heat demand by adjusting the flow of thermal-arrest liquid.

Description

The flow control method of direct-expansion type heat pump assembly and thermal-arrest liquid

Technical field

The present invention relates to too can radiant heat energy utilize field, and in particular to a kind of direct-expansion type heat pump assembly and thermal-arrest liquid Flow control method.

Background technology

The thermal-arrest liquid in solar thermal collector is by free convection or pump flowing at present.Heat-collecting temperature and flow are passively adjusted Section, can not according to actual needs dynamic by adjusting operating status (heat-collecting temperature and flow) to adapt to weather and use demand Variation；And the heat-absorbent surface of solar thermal collector generally use slab construction absorbs solar energy, and the temperature of heat-absorbent surface is universal It is higher than endothermic tube temperature, it forms a hyperthermia radiation face and leaks hot face, influence collecting efficiency.

At present for the improvement of solar thermal collector, carried out primarily directed to the heat-collecting temperature of heat collector.Such as in vacuum tube It is inserted into metal tube in heat collector to change fluid flow, or carries out segment set thermal flow process in the thermal-collecting tube of flat plate collector Arranged in series etc..But it is extremely limited to the optimization of solar thermal collector, how fundamentally to change the heat-collecting capacity of heat collector with And the utilization rate of heat collector is improved, so that heat collector is run according to use demand adjust automatically thermal-arrest liquid flow high efficiency, is still The problem of to be advanced optimized.

It is general that being widely used for direct-expansion type heat pump progress heat supply is formed in conjunction with solar thermal collector.But current solar energy collection Thermal-arrest liquid in hot device is flowed mainly by free convection or pump, and collection heat level is influenced by solar radiation, therefore heat-collecting temperature It is larger with the fluctuation of heat-collecting capacity, it can not be according to the practical heat demand dynamic regulation of direct-expansion type heat pump assembly.

Invention content

Technical problem

How the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to according to the heat demand of direct-expansion type heat pump assembly adjust heat collecting liquid The heat-collecting temperature and heat-collecting capacity of body.

Solution

In view of this, An embodiment provides a kind of direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly Including：

Heat pump cycle branch comprising the first branch and second road；

Wherein, the first branch includes the compressor and condenser being sequentially connected；

Wherein, the second branch includes heat exchanger；

Wherein, and the condenser and the heat exchanger are placed in the hot water storage tank for holding heat donor fluid；

And solar thermal collector comprising shell and the thermal-arrest portion being placed in the shell；

Wherein, the thermal-arrest portion include feed liquor separating tube, go out liquid collector tube and be placed in it is between the two, several side by side Heat collection unit；

Wherein, each heat collection unit includes compound parabolic concentrator and is placed in the compound parabolic optically focused across column Capillary tube heat sucker on device, what the thermal-arrest liquid absorption in the capillary tube heat sucker was reflected by the compound parabolic concentrator Too can radiation energy, the thermal-arrest liquid the feed liquor separating tube, it is described go out liquid collector tube and at least part capillary Flow path is formed between heat dump；And under the premise of with physical significance, it can be accessed by adjustable mode described The number of the capillary tube heat sucker of flow path；

By by the first branch and the second branch be respectively incorporated into the feed liquor separating tube and it is described go out liquid liquid collecting Between pipe, the first heating cycle and the second heating cycle can be formed with.

For above-mentioned direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, in one possible implementation, the feed liquor separating tube and it is described go out Several electrically operated valves are distributed on liquid collector tube, by adjusting the on off state of each electrically operated valve, are in open state Electrically operated valve make thermal-arrest liquid the feed liquor separating tube, it is described go out shape between liquid collector tube and the capillary tube heat sucker At the flow path of adjustable, multistage capillary tube heat sucker heat absorption；Wherein, it is with the direction for swimming over to downstream on feed liquor separating tube The incremental direction of heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker, then the endotherm area of the capillary tube heat sucker of the higher high-temperature level of series >= The endotherm area of capillary tube heat sucker in the lower low-temperature level of series.

Further include control unit in one possible implementation for above-mentioned direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, with each electricity Movable valve is electrical connection, the on off state for adjusting each electrically operated valve；It is each for being adjusted through the control unit For the flow path that the on off state of the electrically operated valve is formed, in the incremental direction of the heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker On, when total heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker is odd number, it is set to the electrically operated valve of the most downstream on the feed liquor separating tube Should close, set on it is described go out liquid collector tube on the electrically operated valve of most downstream should open；When the heat absorption of capillary tube heat sucker It is on the contrary when series is even number.

For above-mentioned direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, in one possible implementation, it is additionally provided on the feed liquor separating tube Flow control valve is adjusted, thermal-arrest liquid is adjusted in the flow path by adjusting the aperture for adjusting flow control valve Flow.

For above-mentioned direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, in one possible implementation, the solar thermal collector further includes Sensor group comprising：First sensor group, be set to the feed liquor separating tube upstream, for detect thermal-arrest liquid into Characteristic parameter at mouthful；Second sensor group goes out the downstream of liquid collector tube described in, is being exported for detecting thermal-arrest liquid The characteristic parameter at place；3rd sensor group is set in the environment residing for the solar thermal collector, for detecting environment ginseng Number；And heat supply temperature sensor, it is set to the heat supply exit of the hot water storage tank, the confession for detecting the heat supply exit Hot temperature；Above-mentioned (first, second, third) sensor group and heat supply temperature sensor are electrically connected with the control unit respectively, Basic parameter for providing from the on off state for adjusting each electrically operated valve to the control unit.

Preferably, using the axial direction of the capillary heat dump as length direction, the compound parabolic concentrator with it is described Capillary heat dump is adapted in the size of the length direction, and ranging from the 0~4/ of the interception ratio of the compound parabolic concentrator 5.Preferably, the capillary tube heat sucker is placed in along its length on the focal circle of the compound parabolic concentrator, and the hair Caliber≤4mm of tubule heat dump.

For above-mentioned direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, in one possible implementation, described in described two-way or more Capillary tube heat sucker parallel connection forms capillary group, and the both sides of the capillary group pass through two level dispenser and the feed liquor point respectively Liquid pipe with it is described go out liquid collector tube be connected to.

The present invention's additionally provides a kind of flow control method of thermal-arrest liquid, which includes：Control unit The parameter and operation data of solar thermal collector are acquired, the heat supply temperature in the heat supply exit of hot water storage tank is also acquired；Control Portion based on the parameter, the operation data and the heat supply temperature, to the corresponding sun under selected current heat supply mode The object function of energy heat collector optimizes；Control unit obtains corresponding set on solar thermal collector when object function is optimal value Feed liquor separating tube and go out the target switch state of each electrically operated valve on liquid collector tube；Wherein, the optimal value is given Minimum pump work at temperature and flow；The on off state of electrically operated valve is adjusted to target switch state by control unit so that the sun Can heat collector thermal-arrest liquid in feed liquor separating tube, go out liquid collector tube, capillary tube heat sucker and the first branch or described Adjustable flow path is formed between the second branch.

For above-mentioned flow control method, in one possible implementation, which further includes：Control The information that portion shows the heat supply temperature and obtained according to the parameter and operation data, including：The temperature of thermal-arrest liquid, Flow and pressure difference；Current environmental parameter；And the current on off state of each electrically operated valve；Store direct-expansion type heat pump The parameter and operation data of device, for subsequently recalling.

Advantageous effect

The direct-expansion type heat pump assembly of the present invention improves the stability and efficiency of heat pump assembly, specifically, by using hair The heat collection unit of tubule heat dump and compound parabolic concentrator composition improves collecting efficiency, and by changing thermal-arrest liquid Flow path adjusts collecting efficiency, and then improves the heat-collecting temperature and heat-collecting capacity of solar thermal collector, can dynamically fit Answer the heat demand of heat pump assembly.

Description of the drawings

When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention can be more completely more fully understood.Attached drawing described herein is used for providing A further understanding of the present invention, embodiment and its explanation are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly of one embodiment of the invention；Fig. 2 shows one of the invention The schematic cross-sectional view of the solar thermal collector of the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly of embodiment.

Fig. 3 shows patrolling for the control unit of the solar thermal collector in the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly of one embodiment of the present of invention Collect block diagram；Fig. 4-1 shows the control unit of the solar thermal collector in the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly of one embodiment of the present of invention A kind of logic diagram of embodiment；Fig. 4-2 shows the solar energy collection in the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly of one embodiment of the present of invention The logic diagram of another embodiment of the control unit of hot device；Fig. 5 shows the direct-expansion type heat pump dress of one embodiment of the present of invention A kind of logic diagram of optimal way of the control unit of solar thermal collector in setting.

Reference numerals list

1, feed liquor separating tube 2, capillary tube heat sucker 3, go out liquid collector tube 4, compound parabolic concentrator 5, electrically operated valve 61, the first temperature sensor 62, second temperature sensor 63, third temperature sensor 64, heat supply temperature sensor 7, stream Quantity sensor 81, the first differential pressure pickup measuring point 82, the second differential pressure pickup measuring point 9, flow control valve 10, wind speed sensing Device 11, compressor 13, condenser 14, throttle valve 15, triple valve 16, working medium pump 17, stores solar radiation sensor 12 Boiler 18, heat exchanger, 19, signal wire 20, bottom plate 21, insulating layer 22, frame 23, cover-plate glass.

Specific implementation mode

Technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The direct-expansion type heat pump assembly of the present invention belongs to a kind of application of solar thermal collector.Specifically, pass through solar energy collection Hot device (hereinafter referred to as heat collector) carrys out the heat donor fluid (first in heat storage water tank 17 as the evaporator of heat pump assembly Heating cycle) or heat collector in thermal-arrest liquid absorption the heat supply in hot water storage tank 17 can be directly heated very much after radiation energy Fluid (the first heating cycle).In the case where the first heating cycle is run, thermal-arrest liquid can be suitable for direct-expansion type heat pump The refrigerant of cycle, such as R134a (HFA 134a), R32 (difluoromethane).The present invention passes through the collection to heat collector Hot property optimizes that the collection heat level of heat collector is more matched with the operation of direct-expansion type heat pump assembly and heat demand.

Embodiment 1

Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly of one embodiment of the invention.Mainly by heat collector The thermal energy that is absorbed of thermal-arrest liquid for heating heat donor fluid.And it by adjusting the collecting efficiency of heat collector, disclosure satisfy that not Same heat demand.

As shown in Figure 1, the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly includes mainly：1) heat pump cycle branch, structure include mainly parallel connection Two branches, wherein the first branch includes mainly the compressor 12 that is sequentially connected and condenser 13, the second branch include mainly Heat exchanger 18, wherein condenser 13 and heat exchanger 18 are placed in hot water storage tank 17.And 2) heat collector, structure include mainly Shell and the thermal-arrest portion being placed in shell；Shell is mainly used as the carrier in thermal-arrest portion, and ensures that sunlight can penetrate shell Cover-plate glass 23 expose to thermal-arrest portion.Thermal-arrest portion includes mainly feed liquor separating tube 1, goes out liquid collector tube 3 and be placed in the two Between, heat collection unit that several are arranged side by side.The both sides of the first branch and the second branch are incorporated to out liquid by triple valve 15 respectively The upstream in the downstream and feed liquor separating tube 1 of collector tube 3, that is, form the first heating cycle and the second heating cycle.As one kind It is preferred that in the first branch, the downstream of condenser 13 is equipped with throttle valve 14, and in the second branch, the downstream of heat exchanger 18 is equipped with Working medium pump 16.

In a kind of possible embodiment, the first above-mentioned heating cycle can be：Thermal-arrest liquid in heat collector exists In feed liquor separating tube 1, go out between liquid collector tube 3 and at least part capillary tube heat sucker 2 to form flow path.In flow path Thermal-arrest liquid endothermic gasification, then through go out 3 downstream of liquid collector tube triple valve 15 enter compressor 12 so that after endothermic gasification Thermal-arrest liquid become the gas of high temperature and pressure.The gas of the high temperature and pressure in condenser 13 heat release in hot water storage tank 17 After heat donor fluid, become the liquid for cryogenic high pressure.The liquid of the cryogenic high pressure passes through after 14 reducing pressure by regulating flow of throttle valve, you can The feed liquor separating tube 1 for entering heat collector through flow control valve 9 absorbs solar radiation in thermal-arrest portion according to the flow path of setting Can endothermic gasification again, after through going out the triple valve 15 in 3 downstream of liquid collector tube again flow into heat exchanger 18, so recycle.At this In the case of kind, heat collector is integrally the evaporator as heat pump cycle, and heat source is provided for heat donor fluid.

In a kind of possible embodiment, the second above-mentioned heating cycle can be：Thermal-arrest liquid in heat collector exists Feed liquor separating tube 1 goes out between liquid collector tube 3 and at least part capillary tube heat sucker 2 to form flow path.And heat exchanger 18 makes Flow path forms closed loop.It is stored in heating through going out the thermal-arrest liquid in 15 inflow heat exchanger 18 of triple valve in 3 downstream of liquid collector tube The upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1 is pumped into after heat donor fluid in boiler 17 through working medium pump 16, according to setting in thermal-arrest portion Flow path absorbs solar radiant energy, after through going out the triple valve 15 in 3 downstream of liquid collector tube again flow into heat exchanger 18, to accumulation of heat Heat donor fluid in water tank 17 is heated, and is so recycled.In this case, the thermal-arrest liquid in heat collector directly heats confession Hot fluid.Second heating cycle is primarily adapted for use in the situation that heating load is more demanding and solar radiation is relatively low, needs to pass through at this time Compressor is run to complete heating cycle.

And under the premise of with physical significance, the capillary heat absorption of flow path can be accessed by adjustable mode The number of device 2；So that path is variable by certain adjustment mode, as most can easily manually adjust or control unit Optimize and revise the change for carrying out realizing route.In addition, realizing consolidating for corresponding heat collection unit by the way that CPC4 is fixed on bottom plate 18 It is fixed.The both ends of capillary tube heat sucker 2 respectively with feed liquor separating tube 1 and go out liquid collector tube 3 and be connected, the heat collecting liquid in heat exchanger 14 Body enters capillary tube heat sucker 2 by the heat collector entrance of heat collector upstream through feed liquor separating tube 1, in capillary tube heat sucker 2 After the heat for absorbing CPC4 reflections, it is flow to out liquid collector tube 3, and inflow heat exchanger is exported by the heat collector in heat collector downstream 14。

In a kind of possible embodiment, with further reference to Fig. 1, each heat collection unit includes mainly compound parabolic optically focused Device 4 (CPC) and be placed in the capillary tube heat sucker 2 on CPC4 across column, the thermal-arrest liquid absorption in capillary tube heat sucker 2 by CPC4 reflections too can be after radiation energy, the heat supply by the thermal energy of absorption for the present invention.As a preferred embodiment, thermal-arrest arranged side by side Unit is uniform, parallel arrangement mode.

Further as shown in Fig. 2, the structure of shell includes mainly bottom plate 20, frame 22, insulating layer 21 and cover-plate glass 23；Wherein：The upper surface of frame 22 covers the cover-plate glass 23 of high light transmission, and the inside of the frame 22 in addition to upper surface is equipped with guarantor Warm layer 21；Bottom plate 20 is set to the top of the insulating layer 21 of 22 bottom of frame.

As a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the stability in heat-absorbing structure and thermal conversion efficiency, by capillary tube heat sucker 2 It is placed on the position of the focal circle of CPC4, being placed in herein, stricti jurise absolutely not is placed in, but the position by being generally residing in Relationship achievees the effect that collecting efficiency improves, and can such as be construed to the position relative to focal circle, and deviation is no more than certain Numerical value can (such as 0.5mm).Have the advantages that collection heat is most intensive since the position is in the range of structures of entire CPC4, Therefore be conducive to improve the collecting efficiency of the thermal-arrest liquid in capillary tube heat sucker 2.

In a kind of possible embodiment, so that path is variable by certain adjustment mode, such as can be, on pipeline Several electrically operated valves 5 are distributed with, by adjusting the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 so that the thermal-arrest as heat-absorbing medium After liquid enters heat collector through entering the upstream end of liquid separating tube 1, the electrically operated valve in open state make thermal-arrest liquid into Liquid separating tube 1 goes out between liquid collector tube 3 and capillary tube heat sucker 2 to be formed what adjustable, multistage capillary tube heat sucker 2 absorbed heat Target flow path.Wherein, it is incremented by as the heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker 2 using the direction for swimming over to downstream on feed liquor separating tube 1 Direction, then in order to ensure thermal-arrest have actual meaning, the endotherm area of the capillary tube heat sucker 2 of the higher high-temperature level of series The endotherm area of >=capillary the tube heat sucker 2 in the lower low-temperature level of series.Thermal-arrest liquid is along the target flow path During, only enter the capillary tube heat sucker 2 that the target flow path is included and absorbs the solar radiation reflected by CPC4 After thermal energy, corresponding collection device and/or application scenario are finally flowed out to by the downstream for going out liquid collector tube 3.In the present invention, By the heat exchange between the heat donor fluid in thermal-arrest liquid and hot water storage tank 17, to realize target heat supply.

By adjusting being set to feed liquor separating tube 1 and go out the switch shape of several electrically operated valves 5 between liquid collector tube 3 State so that the same heat collector can have different target flow paths, i.e., different collection calorific intensitys according to actual conditions. In a kind of possible embodiment, the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 can adjust relatively independently, can also will be therein More than one carries out linkage adjustment as a whole.With further reference to Fig. 1, in a kind of possible embodiment, motor-driven valve Door 5 installation principle can be：Since thermal-arrest liquid enters the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1, pass through every time in feed liquor separating tube 1 After capillary tube heat sucker 2 carries out liquid separation to thermal-arrest liquid, is installed on the supervisor in the downstream side of feed liquor separating tube 1 and be incorporated to motor-driven valve Door 5, from being incorporated to the second road electrically operated valve 5, capillary tube heat sucker 2 connected go out the corresponding position of liquid collector tube 3 under It swims also to install on the supervisor of side and is incorporated to electrically operated valve 5.

Certainly, heat collector above-mentioned is mainly made of the CPC4 of multigroup small scale and corresponding capillary tube heat sucker 2 Heat collection unit forms side by side.In a kind of possible embodiment, can capillary endothermic tube 2 length is shorter and pipe number , can be in parallel by capillary tube heat sucker 2 more than two-way or two-way when comparing more, form single capillary before function is equivalent to The capillary group of tube heat sucker 2 in feed liquor separating tube 1 and goes out liquid collector tube 3 that is, using the capillary group as most basic unit Between be equipped with several such capillary groups, but, each capillary tube heat sucker 2 in each capillary group is needed by two Grade dispenser realizes it with feed liquor separating tube 1 and goes out the connection of liquid collector tube 3.

As can be seen that other than using single capillary tube heat sucker 2 as an individual most basic unit, it can also By the formation comparable most basic unit of function in parallel of Multi-path capillary heat dump 2.To further increase the collection thermal effect of heat collector Rate.

In addition, in order to ensure that the structural integrity in thermal-arrest portion, sizes of the CPC4 with capillary tube heat sucker 2 in length direction are answered When being adapted, being adapted herein should be construed as roughly the same, herein roughly the same, can such as be construed to capillary suction The length of hot device 2 can be slightly longer, and length difference is no more than some critical numerical value (being no more than 2cm as unilateral).A kind of possible In embodiment, in the interception ratio ranging from 0~4/5 of CPC4, and the outer diameter of capillary tube heat sucker 2 no more than 4mm (preferably 1~ 4mm, more preferably 2~4mm) in the case of, CPC4 can have and conventional flat plate collector or vacuum tube collector phase When size (as height≤50mm), in the case of CPC4 is suitable with the size of heat collector of routine, can generate compared with In the effect of at least 2~5 times focusing ratios for reaching as high as 10 times of conventional heat collector, hence it is evident that improve collecting efficiency.In addition, CPC4 can the machine-shaping in the way of 3D printing etc..

As can be seen that the present invention uses CPC4 instead of traditional absorber plate, with capillary endothermic tube 2 instead of traditional heat pipe Or conventional endothermic tube, the introducing of CPC4 increase the endothermic heat flow density of capillary tube heat sucker 2, reduce heat dissipation area；Due to Capillary tube heat sucker 2 can be preferably disposed at the position of substantially focal circle of CPC4 by capillary endothermic tube 2, therefore fully profit With the condenser performance of CPC4 so that the temperature of the thermal-arrest liquid in capillary endothermic tube 2 inside heat collector can reach theory On maximum temperaturerise improve the collecting efficiency of heat collector under the premise of high temp objects area and leaking heat are reduced.

It, can be by introducing control unit, to realize the switch to each electrically operated valve 5 in a kind of possible embodiment The adjustment of state.With further reference to Fig. 1, if the feedback result that control unit obtains is in seven electrically operated valves 5 made in Fig. 1 (1,3,5,7) (according to sequence is incorporated to, five electrically operated valves 5 refer to 1 lower right, right, 3 times middle a left side, 4 bottom lefts, 5 in 2 time successively It is upper right, on 6 in, it is left on 7, wherein electrically operated valve (1,3,5,7) refers to that lower right, lower middle left, upper right, upper left position set the electricity at place Movable valve 5) it is in an open state, then form target flow path (flow) as shown by the arrow.But, for through control unit Adjust each electrically operated valve 5 on off state formed flow path for, be still in order to ensure thermal-arrest have practical significance, On the incremental direction of the heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker 2, when the heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker 2 is odd number, it is set to The motor-driven valve for the most downstream that the electrically operated valve 5 of most downstream on feed liquor separating tube 1 should be closed, and be set to out on liquid collector tube 3 Door 5 should be opened；It is when the heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker 2 is even number, then on the contrary.

As can be seen that by changing the flow that the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 is changeable heat collecting liquid body；By changing The flow for becoming thermal-arrest liquid enables to out the downstream of liquid collector tube 3 to go out liquid temperature with different, such as：It is complete in electrically operated valve 5 In the case of opening, the target flow path of the thermal-arrest liquid of formation is parallel-connection flow, and the situation opened in part electrically operated valve 5 Under, then the target flow path includes at least a part of serial flow, feelings especially higher in the series for being incorporated to electrically operated valve 5 Under condition, the heat-collecting temperature of thermal-arrest liquid can be significantly hotter than simple parallel-connection flow；Due in above-mentioned parallel-connection flow and serial flow Under (including all series connection and sections in series comprising parallel branch), thermal-arrest liquid is formed when flowing through capillary tube heat sucker 2 Crushing it is different therefore identical in flow, can have the pump work of different pumping thermal-arrest liquid.

In addition, as shown in Figure 1, further include the sensor group of the operation data for detecting heat collector, it is mainly used for controlling The parameter acquisition in portion.Sensor group includes mainly：

I) first sensor group is set to the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1, for detecting thermal-arrest liquid in heat collector entrance Characteristic parameter, such as be set to thermal-arrest liquid inlet (i.e. the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1) the first temperature sensor 61, flow Sensor 7 and the first differential pressure pickup measuring point 81 etc.；

Ii) second sensor group is set to out the downstream of liquid collector tube 3, is exported in heat collector for detecting thermal-arrest liquid The characteristic parameter at place is such as set to 62 He of second temperature sensor in the exit (being the downstream for liquid collector tube 3) of thermal-arrest liquid Second differential pressure pickup measuring point 82 etc.；

Iii) 3rd sensor group is set in the environment residing for heat collector, for detecting environmental parameter, is such as placed in environment In third temperature sensor 63, air velocity transducer 10 and solar radiation sensor 11 etc.；And

Iv) heat supply temperature sensor 64, the heat supply for being set to hot water storage tank 17 exports, for detecting in hot water storage tank 17 The heat supply temperature that heat donor fluid has.

Specifically：I), ii), iii) in temperature sensor (61,62,63) at three be respectively used to detection heat collector into and out of The temperature and the environment temperature where heat collector of thermal-arrest liquid at mouthful；I) flow sensor 7 in is for detecting heat collecting liquid The flow of body；I), ii) in differential pressure pickup measuring point (81,82) at two for detect after thermal-arrest liquid flows through heat collector The pressure drop in heat collector exit；Iii the air velocity transducer 10 in) is used for test environment wind speed；Iii the solar radiation sensing in) Device 11 is for testing intensity of solar radiation.

Above-mentioned (first, second, third) sensor group and heat supply temperature sensor 64 are electrically connected with control unit respectively, are used In the basic parameter for providing the on off state for adjusting each electrically operated valve 5 to control unit.I.e. above-mentioned all test datas It is transferred to control unit by signal wire 19, control unit can be placed in the top of hot water storage tank 17, can also be placed in heat pump cycle branch Between road and heat collector, naturally it is also possible to be set to the inside of heat collector.In the first heating cycle, heat collector is relative to entirely following The evaporator of ring.And in the second heating cycle, the thermal-arrest liquid in heat collector directly heats accumulation of heat water by heat exchanger 18 Heat donor fluid in case 17,.Heat collector determines collection heat pattern according to the demand of the running temperature of heat pump assembly, and heat collector is to working as The corresponding flow path for collecting the thermal-arrest liquid under heat pattern of preceding heat supply mode and flow optimize.I.e. control unit passes through control The on off state of electrically operated valve 5 adjusts the flow of thermal-arrest liquid, finally realizes different target heat supplying processes.

In addition, control unit is also electrically connected with the flow control valve 9 set on the upstream of feed liquor separating tube 1 by the realization of signal wire 19 It connects, by adjusting flow of the aperture of flow control valve 9 come domination set hot liquid in flow.

But, the most important function of control unit is for controlling opening for electrically operated valve 5 according to the operation conditions of heat collector Off status；And then change the target flow path of thermal-arrest liquid.As a kind of specific embodiment, with further reference to Fig. 3, control Portion processed is used to complete the Row control to thermal-arrest liquid, which includes mainly following functions：

31) receive capabilities are used to acquire and upload the parameter of heat collector and can characterize heat collector operating status Data (operation data)；

32) processing function, according to the above-mentioned data received, what is set in conjunction with possessed by current collection heat pattern goes out liquid Temperature is optimized according to certain Optimized Approaches to currently collecting the object function under heat pattern；

It is to be understood that the Optimized Approaches being mentioned above, it may be used and existing, ripe be applied to tear choosing and adjustment open Optimization algorithm (such as neural network algorithm, ant group algorithm, one by one than equity), can also again be compiled according to actual demand Journey, or adjustment appropriate is carried out to having algorithm, as long as can currently to collect by adjusting the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 Object function under heat pattern is more excellent.

In addition, about current collection heat pattern several can be preset in control unit in a kind of possible embodiment Selected, classical target operational mode, each target operational mode can have specific object function, so that it is being obtained It is suitable for occasion corresponding with target operational mode in the case of obtaining optimal value.Alternatively, can also controlled according to actual conditions Some or certain several new target operational modes are increased in portion newly, so that its object function is suitable in the case where obtaining optimal value For occasion corresponding with new target operational mode.Wherein, the type of optimal value is included at least with the highest temperature under given flow It rises, to making at a temperature of liquid minimum pump work under maximum stream flow and given temperature and flow.

33) feedback function is used to calculate corresponding each electricity when currently integrating the object function of heat pattern as optimal value The on off state that movable valve 5 should have, i.e. the target switch state of each electrically operated valve 5；

34) execute function, by feedback module obtain on off state that each electrically operated valve 5 should have with it is collected each The current on off state of a electrically operated valve 5 is compared, and executes order accordingly by sending so that each electrically operated valve 5 On off state be adjusted to target switch state.

It is, of course, also possible to have other miscellaneous functions such as display, storage, specifically：

35) display function is used to show the real-time running state of heat collector by certain form, such as can be to fortune Row state is classified, and is then shown in the form of " good, normal, overheat " etc., or according to actual conditions and demand, will Certain parameters of operating status are shown, or the operating status that certain parameters are characterized is with animation streams (such as thermal-arrest liquid Flow path etc.) form shown；

36) store function is used to record and store the parameter and operation data of heat collector；Primarily as spare number According to.It such as can be by way of recalling data, convenient for influencing heat collector subsequently through on the operating status of heat collector to obtain The factor of energy, to carry out improving the research of thermal performance of collectors.It, can be by recalling correlation or when heat collector breaks down Reference data of the data as accident analysis.

With further reference to Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2, in a kind of possible embodiment, control unit may include control device With two component parts of remote control apparatus, by two component parts cooperate to complete control unit should have it is upper State function " 31~36 "；Such as, the division of labor of two parts can be：Control device mainly completes relevant main operational and control etc. Function, and remote control apparatus then mainly completes the functions such as display.Specifically：

Core component of the control device as control unit is mainly integrated with following five functions：

4101) data acquisition function acquires the operation data of heat collector and transmits this data to remote control apparatus, In：Operation data can include but is not limited to：Heat-collecting temperature, flow, the flowing pressure loss of thermal-arrest liquid, environment temperature, wind Speed, one or more of intensity of solar radiation, be mainly used for according to parameter calculate the fluid Wen Sheng of heat collector, leaking heat and Crushing etc. characterize the parameter of performance characteristic either certain intermediate parameters or at remote control apparatus end by certain parameters The operating status reflected gives real-time display；And the current switch states of each electrically operated valve 5, it is used as to electrically operated valve 5 Normal condition when on off state is adjusted；

4102) pattern confirms function, receives the pattern that remote control apparatus is selected and confirms that instruction, pattern confirm that instruction can To include：Some is selected as current collection heat pattern in several existing heat collector operational modes, or can be according to working as Preceding heat-collecting temperature and flow is manually entered new heat collector operational mode at remote control apparatus end, as current collection hot-die Formula；

4103) calculation function is optimized to currently collecting the object function under heat pattern, is calculated object function and is obtained most The target switch state that corresponding each electrically operated valve 5 should have in the case of the figure of merit, and with reference to it is aforementioned 4101) in benchmark shape State sends corresponding control instruction to each electrically operated valve 5；

4104) storage and writing function, store and record heat collector relevant parameter and operation data (with real time execution The relevant data of state), parameter can include but is not limited to size (such as capillary tube heat sucker 2 and the CPC4 of each component of heat collector Size), operation data can include but is not limited to heat supply temperature, heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, Environment temperature, wind speed and intensity of solar radiation etc.；And record each electrically operated valve 5 on off state (including it is current and adjust After whole).Storage is primarily to facilitate with writing function when needed recalls data, such as can be, in the performance to heat collector When carrying out research and when overall merit, or analyzing the failure of heat collector, as with reference to data.

It, can be with the following functions other than the basic function that aforementioned four should have in most cases：

4105) display function can selectively show the part real-time running state of heat collector according to actual demand, Including but not limited to heat supply temperature, heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, environment temperature, wind speed, sun spoke Penetrate intensity, electrically operated valve on off state and thermal-arrest liquid flow.Display herein, be primarily to facilitate heat collector site examining and repairing and Manipulation.

And remote control apparatus is then mainly integrated with following two functions：

4201) display function, the selectively either calculated parameter or data of receiving control device acquisition can be with It is strong including but not limited to receive heat-collecting temperature, flow, thermal-arrest liquid flowing pressure loss, environment temperature, wind speed and solar radiation Degree, is mainly used for being shown accordingly on the display interface that remote control apparatus end has, in order to which user understands currently Heat collector running environment situation and heat collector operating parameter, and the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5 can also be received, and The main operating status that current heat collector is understood convenient for user.

4202) pattern confirms that function, sending mode confirm that control device, heat collector is selected for control device for instruction Current collection heat pattern, and optimized to currently collecting the object function under heat pattern, so that the flow of thermal-arrest liquid is able to Optimization.

The parameter of the collected heat collector of control device is mainly explained below and calculating that operation data can participate in, Such as it is mainly used for the Wen Sheng of calculating heat collector, the pressure loss of leaking heat sum aggregate hot liquid.

Thermal-arrest liquid can be set in the inlet temperature of heat collector inlet as T_in, the area of heat collector is A, and thermal-arrest liquid exists The outlet temperature T in heat collector exit_out, the series (number for being from upstream to the heat collection unit that downstream includes) of heat collector is n, Then the area of each grade of distribution is A_i, it is assumed that intensity of solar radiation I, environment temperature T_a, the flow of thermal-arrest liquid is m；

Then the temperature of the first order is upgraded to：

First, the temperature of the first order, which rises, meets following formula

IA₁-Q_{l_1}=cm (T_{out_1}-T_{in_1})=cm Δs T₁ (1)

In formula, Δ T₁For the Wen Sheng of first order thermal-arrest liquid；C is the specific heat of thermal-arrest liquid；T_{in_1}First order thermal-arrest liquid Inlet temperature, T_{in_1}=T_in；T_{out_1}Also it is the entrance temperature of second level thermal-arrest liquid for the outlet temperature of first order thermal-arrest liquid Degree：T_{in_2}=T_{out_1}；Q_{l_1}For the leaking heat of first order heat dump,

In formula, h is the convection transfer rate of heat collector outer surface and environment, which only has with ambient wind velocity It closes, h=f (v)；A_{h_1}For the exterior surface area of first order capillary tube heat sucker 2；The Wen Sheng of the thermal-arrest liquid first order then can be obtained For：

If the mean temperature of first order thermal-arrest liquid isFirst order temperature then can be obtained to be upgraded to：

Same computational methods, second level heat collecting liquid body temperature rise calculation formula and are：

IA₂-Q_{l_2}=cm (T_{out_2}-T_{in_2})=cm Δs T₂ (4)

Then i-stage temperature is upgraded to：

N-th grade of temperature is upgraded to：

If the collector area that can be seen that per level-one capillary heat dump 2 is identical with endotherm area, with series Increase, endothermic temperature is higher and higher, then leaking heat increases therewith；And when series increase to a certain extent after, the heat absorption of heat collector Amount is equal with leaking heat, at this point, the temperature of thermal-arrest liquid reaches highest heat-collecting temperature, will not further increase, subsequent thermal-arrest Flow can only waste pump work.Therefore, to improve heat collector goes out liquid temperature, then needs according to per level-one heat collecting liquid body temperature liter Leaking heat afterwards improves the heat dump area per level-one step by step.

Wherein it is determined that every level-one pipeline number and the computational methods of pressure drop are：

Due to the closing of electrically operated valve 5 is that the flow of thermal-arrest liquid is made to change, the flow of thermal-arrest liquid Decision process is mainly the electrically operated valve 5 found and be closed in flow.The determination method of detailed process is：

First determine whether single flow, i.e., whether the capillary tube heat sucker 2 of all sockets be parallel connection.When meet except into Except the electrically operated valve 5 of liquid separating tube most end level-one is closed, other all electrically operated valves 5 are all opening state Under situation, thermal-arrest liquid is single parallel-connection flow.

It is not single parallel-connection flow in thermal-arrest liquid, i.e., in the case of thermal-arrest liquid is multipaths, divides first in feed liquor Liquid pipe 1 finds the electrically operated valve 5 of first closing.That is j=1, i are gradually increased since 1, as a (x, 1)=0, then first-class The pipeline number of journey is x；Then the electrically operated valve 5 of second closing is found on going out liquid collector tube 3, i.e. j=2, i continue to increase from x Add, as a (y, 2)=0, then the pipeline number of second procedure is y-x；Then the electrically operated valve 5 of next closing should be in feed liquor point In liquid pipe 1, then, the electrically operated valve 5 of next closing is found on feed liquor separating tube 1, i.e. j=1, i are continued growing from y, work as a When (z, 2)=0, then the pipeline number of third flow is z-y；And so on can obtain every level-one pipeline number until i=n-1. Last row two electrically operated valves 5 be in order to control thermal-arrest liquid finally from go out liquid collector tube 3 flow out, last electrically operated valve 5 On off state by flow number control：When flow pipeline number is odd number, the electrically operated valve 5 on feed liquor separating tube 1 is to close, The valve gone out on liquid collector tube 3 is to open；When flow number is even number, the electrically operated valve 5 on feed liquor separating tube 1 is to open , the electrically operated valve 5 gone out on liquid collector tube 3 is to close.

Entire heat collector can be calculated after determining the number for completing flow and the capillary tube heat sucker 2 in each flow The pressure drop of thermal-arrest liquid.It is equal to the sum of the pressure drop per level-one.And per level-one pressure drop be equal to capillary tube heat sucker 2 along journey pressure The sum of drop and partial drop of pressure.Wherein：

Single capillary heat dump 2 is along journey pressure drop：

In formula, λ is that, since the flowing of thermal-arrest liquid is generally laminar flow, can use along journey pressure-drop coefficientL For the length of tube that absorbs heat；V is the flow velocity of thermal-arrest liquid in endothermic tube；G is acceleration of gravity；

Re is the Reynolds number of thermal-arrest liquid；ρ is thermal-arrest fluid density；D is heat absorption pipe outside diameter；μ is viscous for thermal-arrest hydrodynamic Degree；

Partial drop of pressure is：

In formula, ξ is partial drop of pressure coefficient, since the partial drop of pressure of heat collector is mainly that feed liquor separating tube 1 is inhaled to capillary Pressure drop caused by hot device 2, capillary tube heat sucker 2 to the caliber mutation and flow direction for going out liquid collector tube 3, such as a kind of specific In embodiment, ξ can be taken as 1.

Further, by formula (8) it is found that outlet temperature and solar radiation for the thermal-arrest liquid of multistage heat collector are strong Degree, heat collector area, heat dump area, the hot coefficient of heat transfer of leakage, environment temperature, thermal-arrest specific heat of liquid and flow have relationship.Therefore In the case of given thermal-arrest class of liquids, it is believed that the specific heat of thermal-arrest liquid is constant；In given intensity of solar radiation Under under situation, heat collector goes out liquid temperature and environment temperature, the face of flow, the area for going out liquid heat collector 3, capillary tube heat sucker 2 Product leaks the relating to parameters such as the hot coefficient of heat transfer, i.e.,：

And it is related with wind speed to leak hot coefficient, i.e.,：

T_{out_i}=f (v, A_{h_n},A_n,m,T_a) (12)

And the energy utilization efficiency of heat collector, in addition to thermal-arrest liquid caloric receptivity mutually outside the Pass, also with pumping thermal-arrest The pump work of liquid is related.Specifically：Heat collector net efficiency=(heat collecting liquid body temperature liter-pump work)/solar radiation energy.And pump work Then there is relationship with the flow of thermal-arrest liquid and flow.That is, to obtain the net energy utilization ratio of higher heat collector, Under the premise of meeting the feed flow temperature and flow of thermal-arrest liquid, the flow of thermal-arrest liquid is reasonably planned, and by the greatest extent Amount reduces the pressure drop of thermal-arrest liquid to reduce pump work.

Therefore, under the conditions of different solar radiations, capillary can be adjusted by adjusting the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 The area of tube heat sucker 2 and by the area of heat collector and flow come adjust heat collector go out liquid temperature and net energy utilizes Efficiency.If the operating mode of heat collector may include following three kinds of target operational modes：

1) maximum temperaturerise under given flow, the situation which is suitable for requiring the heat-collecting temperature of heat collector.

2) maximum stream flow made at a temperature of liquid, the situation which is suitable for requiring the heat-collecting capacity of heat collector are given.

3) the minimum pump work under given temperature, flow, the pattern are suitable for requiring thermal-arresting energy-saving run, is minimum from wasted work Situation.

It can such as pass through matrix A={ a (i, j) } with further reference to Fig. 1 more clearly to express the path of thermal-arrest liquid To indicate the on off state of each electrically operated valve 5.Wherein (i, j) indicates the coordinate of electrically operated valve 5, wherein i is indicated along collection The columns in hot liquid flow direction, j indicate the line number along thermal-arrest liquid flow direction.Such as, the electrically operated valve 5 is indicated when j=1 To indicate that the electrically operated valve 5 is the electrically operated valve 5 on liquid collector tube 3 when electrically operated valve 5, j=2 on feed liquor separating tube 1.a The value denotation coordination of (i, j) is the on off state of the electrically operated valve 5 of (i, j)；Such as can be：As a (i, j)=1, indicate electronic Valve 5 is open state, and as a (i, j)=0, then it represents that electrically operated valve 5 is in off state.Then entire heat collector is each The on off state of electrically operated valve 5 can be expressed as (0,1) matrix of n × 2, you can with the value by each a (i, j) come The flow of the thermal-arrest liquid of entire heat collector is described.

The specific optimization algorithm that control unit controls the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 may be summarized to be：

It is the setting of object function first：According to user demand or the analysis based on research and/or practice, setting is several A alternative object function, such as alternative object function may include following three kinds of functions：

I) index that object function obtains is the maximum temperaturerise under given flow, i.e.,：

When m=constants, f₁=max (Δ T)；Wherein Δ T indicates the maximum temperature rise of thermal-arrest liquid；

Ii) to the maximum stream flow made at a temperature of liquid, i.e., the index that object function obtains is：

As thermal-arrest liquid discharge liquid temperature T_outWhen=constant, f₂=max (m)；

Iii) to the minimum pump work made at a temperature of liquid, i.e., the index that object function obtains is：

When going out liquid temperature T_outWhen sum aggregate hot liquid flow m=constants, f₃=min (P_pump)。

Since the heat supply temperature of water storage water tank 17 has been set, i.e., heat-collecting temperature is also it has been determined that so above-mentioned object function Iii) corresponding collection heat pattern is suitable for the present invention, i.e., heat collector is applied to direct-expansion type heat pump assembly.

Remote control apparatus can select any of which in above-mentioned object function as under current collection heat pattern Object function, which is the collection heat pattern of corresponding a certain emphasis (particular requirement under applicable situation), to the collection The process that heat pattern optimizes can specifically include：

Initialization step：The random n for generating the flow that M meet the above-mentioned thermal-arrest liquid that can be used to describe entire heat collector The value of × 2 matrix, i.e., element a [i, j] therein randomly selects between zero and one, and rejecting in above-mentioned M matrix does not have physics The matrix of meaning, such as the matrix of physical significance does not include at least：

A) the matrix for causing the flow open circuit of thermal-arrest liquid need to ensure that as a (i, 1) and a (i, 2) cannot be 0 simultaneously.

With further reference to figure, whenWhen, upper lower two electrically operated valves 5 in are in simultaneously due in Closed state can lead to the thermal-arrest liquid open circuit in heat collector, that is, can not achieve most basic heat collector entrance inflow, outlet stream The path gone out belongs to invalid flow, it is therefore desirable to be rejected before optimizing calculating to path.

B) matrix that high-temperature level collector area is less than low-temperature level area, i.e., the heat collector surface of the flow of every grade thermal-arrest liquid are rejected The collector area of product≤rear stage, and the collector area of >=previous stage.

With further reference to figure, whenWhen, i.e., all electrically operated valves 5 are in an open state, and flow is simultaneously Connection；WhenWhen, it is thtee-stage shiplock thermal-arrest；

WhenWhen, two-stage thermal-arrest is formed, wherein rudimentary is a flow thermal-arrest, two level is two flow collection Heat, two level collector area are more than level-one collector area, meet the requirements；

And work asWhen, it is similarly formed two-stage thermal-arrest, wherein rudimentary is two flow thermal-arrests, two level one Flow thermal-arrest, two level collector area is less than level-one collector area, undesirable, should give rejecting.The reason of rejecting is：When low When the temperature of grade thermal-arrest is sufficiently high, leaking heat >=solar radiation quantity of advanced thermal-arrest can be caused, then the thermal-arrest temperature of heat collector Degree will not continue to increase, i.e., the collector area of advanced thermal-arrest does not contribute the thermal-arrest of heat collector, it is therefore desirable to path into Row optimization is rejected before calculating.

The corresponding target function value of M1 matrix after rejecting, with physical significance is calculated, stage optimal value is obtained. Using the corresponding matrix A of stage optimal value as the initial value of objective matrix B；I.e.：Select the M1 matrix with physical significance In optimal that matrix of corresponding target function value, the initial value as objective matrix B；

Optimization Steps：Above-mentioned objective matrix B is optimized according to the rule of setting, meets stopping for setting in optimization process Only to get to the target function value under the collection heat pattern when condition.Corresponding thermal-arrest liquid path is obtained according to target function value, Thermal-arrest liquid path after as optimizing.Control device combines the open and-shut mode of current electrically operated valve 5, to each electronic Valve 5 sends instruction, and the path of thermal-arrest liquid is adjusted to the path of the corresponding thermal-arrest liquid of the target function value.

As a kind of simple example can be：User is at remote control apparatus end by the target operation mould of current heat collector Formula is set as by the index that object function obtains being collection heat pattern corresponding to " maximum temperaturerise under given flow ", then controls dress It sets and the corresponding control instruction of the M1 matrix A as initial value is sent out to each electrically operated valve 5：

Such as above-mentioned M1=1, the path of the thermal-arrest liquid for the heat collector that the control instruction corresponding to matrix A is formed is " multistage Series connection ", as being in an open state for (2,5) in five electrically operated valves in Fig. 1, remaining is in off state, this i.e. initial value pair The stage optimal value answered, the i.e. initial value as objective matrix B [n, 2].According to the stage optimal value, test calculates simultaneously Record the inlet and outlet temperature difference of heat collector.

The process optimized to above-mentioned stage optimal value can be, control device according to the rule of setting (such as empirical value, Random data exchange etc.) adjustment matrix A in element value, such as by be thermal-arrest liquid path be adjusted to " most end two-stage be go here and there Connection ", as being in off state for (1,5) (lower right, the upper left side) in 5 electrically operated valves in Fig. 1, remaining is in an open state, and is formed Be to go here and there and the two-stage flow that combines, this first suboptimization that stage optimal value is carried out.According to the first time optimal value.Root According to the first time optimal value, the temperature difference of the import and export of heat collector is tested, calculated and record.

The path of comparison perfecting by stage value and the corresponding two kinds of thermal-arrest liquid of first time optimal value is at heat collector import and export The temperature difference, if the first (" plural serial stage ") inlet and outlet temperature difference be more than second, control device retransmit instruction, with " plural serial stage " does not replace the value of objective matrix B [n, 2] as current thermal-arrest liquid flow, according to setting rule into Traveling one-step optimization；If the first temperature difference is less than second, need to change flow, by the corresponding thermal-arrest of first time optimal value The path of liquid as current thermal-arrest liquid flow, i.e. the initial value of objective matrix B [n, 2] replaces with change flow after Value, is advanced optimized according to the rule of setting；Condition (such as iteration or exchange times) until meeting setting, i.e., will most The thermal-arrest liquid flow corresponding to primary optimal value is calculated as the optimal value under the collection heat pattern under the optimal state of value afterwards The import and export temperature difference of thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector be maximum temperaturerise (outlet temperature-inlet temperature), and obtain objective matrix The flow of the corresponding thermal-arrest liquid of B [n, 2].

Certainly, it in order to shorten the operation cost of optimization and improve optimum level, can also be carried out according to actual demand Existing other are programmed or introduce to be used to carry out the ripe algorithm of optimization selection.It, will be current such as still with previous example Heat collector target operational mode be set as by the index that object function obtains be " maximum temperaturerise under given flow " institute it is right The pattern answered, inventor have carried out a kind of specific programming according to actual demand, to the optimization process, and logic diagram is specifically joined According to Fig. 5, can be to the detailed process that the path of thermal-arrest liquid optimizes by the algorithm of the programming：

501) the M1 corresponding target function values of each matrix are calculated, the selection target functional value optimal conduct stage is optimal Value；It extracts the corresponding matrix A of stage optimal value and is stored in objective matrix B [n, 2], as the first of objective matrix B [n, 2] Initial value.

502) matrix selection matrix A1 and A2 are selected with the probability of setting in M1 matrix and carries out calculated crosswise, given birth to again At two new matrix As 1 ' and A2 '.The mode of calculated crosswise is as follows：1. generating integer C at random between 1 and n；2. by matrix A 1 With in A2 element a1 [i, j] and a2 [i, j] in (i>C numerical value) is interchangeable；3. there is no physics after rejecting matrix switch The matrix of meaning, while the matrix of not physical significance B [n, 2] cover being replaced；Generate the matrix group after intersecting.

Wherein, whether some matrix in matrix group is selected the probability for calculated crosswise, corresponding with the matrix The calculated value of object function is related, i.e.,：When object function is the function of the maximizing operation described in the present embodiment, then square The corresponding target function value of matrix in battle array group is bigger, then is selected bigger for the probability of intersection；Correspondingly, work as target Function be minimize operation function when, then the corresponding target function value of matrix in matrix group is smaller, then be selected use In intersection probability with regard to smaller.

503) variation calculating is carried out to the matrix group after intersection obtained above, the mode for the calculating that makes a variation is as follows：1. 1 Generate integer D at random between n；2. with certain probability, determine whether the matrix individual in above-mentioned matrix group participates in making a variation It calculates.Herein, single matrix participates in the probability completely random of variation, unrelated with remaining any condition；3. if some matrix A It takes part in variation to calculate, then the corresponding numerical value of a [i, j] (i=D) is carried out logic overturns, i.e.,：If it is 1, then become 0；If It is 0, then is assigned a value of 1；4. rejecting the matrix of not no physical significance after matrix variation；Still the matrix of not physical significance is used B [n, 2] cover replaces；Generate the matrix group after variation.

504) after carrying out above-mentioned variation, intersection, the initial value of an optimal matrix of desired value and B [n, 2] are compared, If corresponding target function value is better than initial value, substitutes initial value with stage optimal value and continue if initial value is more excellent Retain initial value to get to stage optimal value, aforementioned intersection and mutation operator is repeated to the matrix group body after variation, to rank Section optimal value is advanced optimized.

505) until reach setting iterations or setting other stop conditions when, in M1 obtained matrix In, according to its corresponding target function value, by one group of optimal value for being used as objective matrix B [n, 2] that target function value is optimal.

506) on off state of each electrically operated valve of adjusting control 5 so that the flow path of thermal-arrest liquid is according to target Path determined by the optimal value of matrix B [n, 2] is optimal path.

According to actual needs, each in heat collector by controlling by adjusting into the flow of the thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector A electrically operated valve 5 is opened and closed to adjust the flow of thermal-arrest liquid, combining environmental temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, heat collector size etc. Influence factor can be realized in the downstream for going out liquid collector tube 3 and different go out liquid temperature for different application scenarios.Such as exist When summer, liquid temperature will be gone out to 100 DEG C or more, then by driving absorption refrigeration or organic Rankine cycle power generation system real The utilization that now thermal energy of collection is freezed or generated electricity improves the conversion ratio of thermal energy collected by heat collector.

Thermal-arrest liquid control method using the present invention realizes that the step of heat supply is specially：After booting, control unit is according to collection The parameter (such as including the size of heat collector, the size of capillary endothermic tube 2, the size of CPC4) and operation data (such as ring of hot device Border temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, thermal-arrest liquid out temperature, pressure drop and flow etc.), to currently collecting the target letter of heat pattern Number optimizes, in the case of object function optimal value, collection determined by the on off state of corresponding each electrically operated valve 5 The flow of hot liquid is theoretic best flow.Thermal-arrest liquid passes through first after the best flow outflow heat collector Heating cycle or the second heating cycle provide heat source to the heat donor fluid of hot water storage tank 17.The main points that the present invention includes mainly are wrapped It includes：

1) by being heat absorbing member with capillary tube heat sucker 2, instead of heat pipe or conventional endothermic tube, processing is simple, at low cost It is honest and clean, and as a preferred embodiment, capillary tube heat sucker 2 outer diameter≤4mm (preferably 1~4mm, more preferably 2~4mm), and By using CPC4 as beam condensing unit, and as a preferred embodiment, CPC4 interception ratio ranging from 0~4/5,3D printing etc. can be utilized Processing technology is molded, and is effectively increased the endothermic heat flow density of capillary tube heat sucker 2, is reduced heat dissipation area, can make CPC4 Size (highly be less than or equal to 50mm) it is suitable with conventional panel heat collector and vacuum tube collector, and with routine heat collector 2 ~5 times even as high as 10 times of focusing ratio；And according to actual conditions and demand, can with single capillary heat dump 2 pair The heat collection unit the answered heat absorbing units basic as one, can also utilize two level dispenser will mostly with capillary tube heat sucker 2 simultaneously The connection heat absorbing units basic as one；And entire heat collector is connected by metal tubes, therefore there is certain pressure-bearing energy Power, while there is frost-cracking-preventing ability in winter.

2) by the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 come to adjust thermal-arrest liquid (can be liquid above-mentioned or gaseous collection Thermal medium) flow path, and the on off state of electrically operated valve 5 can be by control unit according to set temperature, environment temperature, wind Speed, intensity of solar radiation, thermal-arrest fluid flow and/or disengaging flow pressure drop etc. parameters determine so that current collection thermal environment Under the collecting efficiency of complete machine can farthest cater to the demand of application scenario.According to different needs, by adjusting electricity The on off state of movable valve 5 adjusts the flow into the thermal-arrest liquid of heat collector, can also pass through the aperture of flow control valve 9 Come be adjusted into heat collector thermal-arrest liquid flow, so as to realize the collection of different operation of heat pump requirements to the full extent Hot temperature, to meet heat demand.

The embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail above in association with attached drawing, attached drawing herein is for providing to this Invention is further understood.Obviously, the foregoing is merely the preferable specific implementation mode of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention It is not limited thereto, any is can readily occurring in, of the invention essentially without being detached to one skilled in the art Change or replacement are also all included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, which is characterized in that the direct-expansion type heat pump assembly includes：

Heat pump cycle branch comprising the first branch and the second branch；

Wherein, the second branch includes heat exchanger；

Wherein, the thermal-arrest portion includes feed liquor separating tube, goes out liquid collector tube and be placed between the two, several collection arranged side by side Hot cell；

Wherein, each heat collection unit includes compound parabolic concentrator and is placed on the compound parabolic concentrator across column Capillary tube heat sucker, the thermal-arrest liquid absorption in the capillary tube heat sucker too can by what the compound parabolic concentrator reflected Radiation energy, the thermal-arrest liquid the feed liquor separating tube, it is described go out liquid collector tube and at least part capillary heat absorption Flow path is formed between device；And under the premise of with physical significance, the flowing can be accessed by adjustable mode The number of the capillary tube heat sucker in path；

By by the first branch and the second branch be respectively incorporated into the feed liquor separating tube and it is described go out liquid collector tube it Between, the first heating cycle and the second heating cycle can be formed with；

The feed liquor separating tube and it is described go out liquid collector tube on several electrically operated valves are distributed with, by adjusting each described electronic The on off state of valve, the electrically operated valve in open state enable to thermal-arrest liquid the feed liquor separating tube, it is described go out liquid The flow path of adjustable, multistage capillary tube heat sucker heat absorption is formed between collector tube and the capillary tube heat sucker；

Wherein, the direction incremental as the heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker to swim over to the direction in downstream on feed liquor separating tube, then grade The endotherm area of the capillary tube heat sucker of the higher high-temperature level of number >=capillary tube heat sucker in the lower low-temperature level of series Endotherm area.

2. direct-expansion type heat pump assembly according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include control unit, and it is each electronic Valve is electrical connection, the on off state for adjusting each electrically operated valve；

And for adjusting the flow path that the on off state of each electrically operated valve is formed through the control unit, in capillary On the incremental direction of heat absorption series of tube heat sucker, when total heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker is odd number, described in into The electrically operated valve of most downstream on liquid separating tube should close, set on it is described go out liquid collector tube on the electrically operated valve of most downstream answer Work as opening；It is on the contrary when the heat absorption series of capillary tube heat sucker is even number.

3. direct-expansion type heat pump assembly according to claim 2, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with adjusting on the feed liquor separating tube Flow control valve adjusts the aperture for adjusting flow control valve, to adjust thermal-arrest liquid in the stream by the control unit Flow in dynamic path.

4. direct-expansion type heat pump assembly according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include sensor group comprising：

First sensor group is set to the upstream of the feed liquor separating tube, joins in the feature of entrance for detecting thermal-arrest liquid Number；

Second sensor group goes out the downstream of liquid collector tube described in, joins for detecting feature of the thermal-arrest liquid in exit Number；

3rd sensor group is set in the environment residing for the solar thermal collector, for detecting environmental parameter；And heat supply Temperature sensor is set to the heat supply exit of the hot water storage tank, the heat supply temperature for detecting the heat supply exit；

Above-mentioned first sensor group, second sensor group and 3rd sensor group and the heat supply temperature sensor respectively with institute Control unit electrical connection is stated, the benchmark ginseng for providing the on off state for adjusting each electrically operated valve to the control unit Number.

5. direct-expansion type heat pump assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that inhaled with the capillary The axial direction of hot device is the ruler of length direction, the compound parabolic concentrator and the capillary tube heat sucker in the length direction It is very little to be adapted, and ranging from the 0 ~ 4/5 of the interception ratio of the compound parabolic concentrator.

6. direct-expansion type heat pump assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the capillary heat absorption Device is placed in along its length on the focal circle of the compound parabolic concentrator, and caliber≤4mm of the capillary tube heat sucker.

7. direct-expansion type heat pump assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that by two-way or more The capillary tube heat sucker parallel connection forms capillary group, the both sides of the capillary group respectively by two level dispenser with it is described into Liquid separating tube with it is described go out liquid collector tube be connected to.

8. a kind of flow control method of such as thermal-arrest liquid of claim 1-7 any one of them direct-expansion type heat pump assemblies, It is characterized in that, which includes：

Control unit acquires the parameter and operation data of solar thermal collector, also acquires the heat supply in the heat supply exit of hot water storage tank Temperature；

Control unit based on the parameter, the operation data and the heat supply temperature, to right under selected current heat pump mode The object function for the solar thermal collector answered optimizes；

Control unit obtains the corresponding feed liquor separating tube set on solar thermal collector when object function is optimal value and goes out liquid liquid collecting The target switch state of each electrically operated valve on pipe；

Wherein, the optimal value is the minimum pump work under given temperature and flow；

The on off state of electrically operated valve is adjusted to target switch state by control unit so that the thermal-arrest liquid of solar thermal collector exists Feed liquor separating tube, go out between liquid collector tube, capillary tube heat sucker and the first branch or the second branch to be formed it is adjustable Whole flow path.

9. flow control method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the flow control method further includes：

The information that control unit shows the heat supply temperature and obtained according to parameter and operation data, including：

Liquid in-out temperature, flow and the pressure difference of thermal-arrest liquid；Current environmental parameter；And each electrically operated valve is current On off state；

The parameter and operation data for storing direct-expansion type heat pump assembly, for subsequently recalling.