CN106337135A - Novel method for producing vanadium pentoxide through ammonium-free vanadium precipitation - Google Patents
Novel method for producing vanadium pentoxide through ammonium-free vanadium precipitation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel method for producing vanadium pentoxide through ammonium-free vanadium precipitation, specifically to an ammonium-free vanadium precipitation method for producing vanadium pentoxide from high-concentration vanadium-containing liquid obtained in a process for extraction of vanadium from bone coal and a process for extraction of vanadium from vanadium slag. According to the invention, tetravalent vanadium in back extraction liquid obtained by subjecting raw ore of a vanadium extraction process to acid leaching, extraction and back extraction is oxidized into pentavalent vanadium at first so as to form a supersaturated system of pentavalent vanadium, and crystallization is carried out to obtain a polyvanadic acid precipitate; or a high-concentration vanadium-containing solution obtained by subjecting ore or vanadium slag to roasting, acid leaching, ion exchange or extraction-back extraction is maintained at a certain temperature and uniformly stirred and then a novel vanadium precipitating agent is added to allow precipitation of polyvanadic acid to continue; a more insoluble vanadium pentoxide hydrate is produced due to reduction in acid concentration; then solid-liquid separation is carried out to separate mother liquor with high impurity content, and powdery vanadium pentoxide hydrate is obtained; and the powdery vanadium pentoxide hydrate is sintered so as to obtain vanadium pentoxide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new no ammonium precipitation of high concentration solution containing vanadium produce vanadic anhydride method and in particular to extracting vanadium from stone coal, Leaching of Vanadium from Vanadium slag technique middle and high concentration solution containing vanadium no ammonium precipitation produce vanadic anhydride method.
Background technology
(symbol of element v), in silver gray, atomic number is 23 to vanadium metal, and relative atomic mass is 50.42, in periodic table of elements Zhong Shu vb race, has body-centered cubic lattic.Its density is 6.11g/cm3,1917 DEG C of fusing point, and 3400 DEG C of boiling point belongs to one of minority refractory metal.Highly purified vanadium has ductility.The chemical property of vanadium is more stable, not oxidized at normal temperatures, or even can keep its gloss below 300 DEG C, has preferable corrosion resistance to air, saline, dilute bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry.
Vanadium product is primarily used in steel and iron industry.At present, vanadium product is used in the high-tech areas such as chemical industry, Aeronautics and Astronautics more and more widely because having many properties.The raw material of vanadium extraction mostlys come from navajoite, slag, bone coal, spent vanadium catalyst, oil and asphalt waste etc..Process for extracting vanadium is also different because of the difference of the content of the species of its raw material, property and vanadium.The various vanadium extraction technology of domestic and foreign current, often due to high cost, high pollution, long flow path, the response rate are low, its application is constantly subjected to limit.Therefore, how a set of low cost is made according to the feature of raw material, the technique that pollution-free, the response rate is high is a technical barrier all the time.
Process for extracting vanadium primary raw material is vanadium slag and bone coal at present
1st, Leaching of Vanadium from Vanadium slag technique
One of vanadium slag primary raw material is vanadium titano-magnetite, reclaim vanadium from vanadium titano-magnetite, conventional method is vanadium titano-magnetite to be smelted in blast furnace pig iron containing vanadium, by selective oxidation molten iron, make vanadium enter slag after aoxidizing, obtain the higher v-bearing steel slag of content as the raw material of vanadium extraction.
The mode of production of vanadium slag has two kinds at present:
1) converter process produces vanadium slag, and pig iron containing vanadium water is placed in blowing several minutes in converter, so that vanadium is aoxidized and enters slag, realizes vanadium and separate with ferrum
2) atomization produces vanadium slag, is, using compressed air, molten iron is atomized into tiny drop, the oxygen of in the air makes the vanadium in iron liquid aoxidize；There is problems that the iron content in slag is too high, advantage is that disposal ability is larger to the vanadium slag that this method produces.From vanadium slag, vanadium extraction typically will be through hydrometallurgy process, and its main unit operation has: roasting, leaching, solution purification and precipitation etc..At present representational process for extracting vanadium have following several:
1. acidic leaching with alkaline dissolving method
2. sodium roasting vanadium-extracting method
3. calcification baking vanadium extracting method
4. solvent extraction
5. ion exchange extraction vanadium method
2 process for extracting vanadium from stone coal
Rock coal containing alum is the main navajoite resource of China.In China's bone coal, vanadic anhydride grade is higher, and generally 0.18%～1.10%, the material composition of up to 2%～4% Rock coal containing alum having is more complicated, and the occurrence status of vanadium and preservation variation of valence are various, and dispersion is trickle.The vanadium overwhelming majority in bone coal is present in the clay minerals such as mica group and kaolinite with v () form, and part replaces the al () in silicon-oxy tetrahedron multiple stratum reticulare and alumina octahedral list stratum reticulare.Vanadium in bone coal also can form the mineral such as titanium scherbinaite garnet, chrome alum garnet, pozzuolite stoiberite, can also the form of metallo-organic complex and vanadium leaf quinoline exist, and is in also that absorption shape exists with complex anion sometimes.The ultimate principle of extracting vanadium from stone coal is: so that vanadium is entered in liquid phase (leachate) by solid phase (bone coal or bone coal fired slags) by leaching, make after vanadium enrichment using means such as extraction or ion exchanges, using precipitation and crystallization technique, make vanadium be solid phase by liquid-phase conversion, after calcining, obtain vanadic anhydride product.From the point of view of technological process, it is related to roasting, leaching, enrichment (extraction or ion exchange) and four processing steps of precipitation, the efficiency of this four steps determines the height of vanadium overall recovery.Extraction, ion exchange and three processing steps of precipitation are technically comparatively ripe, and less, therefore, the height of V leaching rate becomes the key determinant of vanadium overall recovery for vanadium loss.
The method improving V leaching rate at present mainly has two kinds, and one kind is to carry out roasting pretreatment to navajoite, then carries out acidleach or alkali leaching；Another kind is that high temperature peracid directly leaches.The selection of both approaches is depending on the existence form of vanadium in stone coal mine.Vanadium in bone coal is mainly with class matter in-phase version preservation in the mica minerals such as roscoelite, hydromica, biotite, white mica and illite, next to that with adsorbed state preservation in some organic carbonate minerals.If vanadium is mainly with mica mineral for main occurrence form in stone coal mine, just using roasting pretreatment extract technology；If vanadium mainly wants occurrence form based on organic carbonaceous, just using high temperature peracid direct leaching process.
From the point of view of technological process, it is related to roasting, leaching, enrichment (extraction or ion exchange) and four processing steps of precipitation, traditional precipitation technique is ammonia or ammonium salt precipitation, product is ammonium vanadate, during precipitation, some ammonium salt take part in process reaction, it is converted into product, but in drying and dehydrating before calcination, ammonia is had to exclude, environmental pollution is larger, and in addition some enters waste water system, in waste water, ammonia-nitrogen content is higher, cost for wastewater treatment is high, if directly discharging, can environment be caused greatly pollute.
Content of the invention:
The object of the invention: aim to overcome that ammonia nitrogen in waste water in existing ammonium salt precipitation technique is exceeded and product has the defect of ammonia emission in calcining, provide a kind of energy-conservation, the simple to operate, response rate high and a kind of environment amenable high concentration contains vanadium solution new no ammonium precipitation and produces vanadic anhydride (v2o5) method.
Inventive solution is:
Scheme one:
A kind of new no ammonium precipitation produces the method for vanadic anhydride it is characterised in that comprising the steps of respectively for tetravalence vanadium and pentavalent vanadium,
For tetravalence vanadium: by tetravalence vanadium initial oxidation be pentavalent vanadium, formed pentavalent vanadium supersaturation system, and crystallize out poly vanadic acid precipitation；
After being subsequently agitated for uniformly, adding sodium carbonate liquor makes poly vanadic acid continue to precipitate；
Because acid concentration reduces the vanadium pentoxide hydrate precipitation that then can generate more indissoluble, then by solid-liquid separation, impure high mother solution is separated, the product obtaining is powdery vanadium pentoxide hydrate；
For pentavalent vanadium: sulfuric acid solution is added after stirring by pentavalent vanadium solution filtering and impurity removing, alkalescence condition is gradually converted into acid condition, now can form the supersaturation system of pentavalent vanadium in solution, separate out poly vanadic acid precipitation；
Continuously add sulfuric acid solution, poly vanadic acid sinks and gradates as the less vanadium pentoxide hydrate precipitation of dissolubility；
By solid-liquid separation, impure high mother solution is separated with solid, the product obtaining is vanadium pentoxide hydrate.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is, also comprises the steps of, and carries out calcining the step obtaining vanadic anhydride after vanadium pentoxide hydrate is washed.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is, tetravalence vanadium initial oxidation is referred to by described, tetravalence vanadium is oxidized to pentavalent vanadium with sodium chlorate for pentavalent vanadium.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is, described sodium carbonate mass concentration is 10%～50% sodium carbonate.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is, the sulphuric acid that described sulfuric acid solution is 15%～35% for mass fraction.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is, the described tetravalence vanadium high concentration 0.5～1.5mol/l of sulfur acid containing vanadium solution, v2o5Content 50～150g/l precipitation temperature is 90 DEG C, precipitation terminal ph=0.8, and wash temperature is more than 90 DEG C, washs outlet temperature ph 5.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is, it is 7～11, v that described pentavalent vanadium high concentration contain vanadium solution to initiate ph2o5Content 30～150g/l, precipitation temperature is 80～90 DEG C, precipitation terminal ph=2～5,40 DEG C of wash temperature, washs terminal ph 5.
Scheme two:
The sodium carbonate and/or sulphuric acid purposes in no ammonium precipitation technique.
Scheme three:
Sodium carbonate and/or sulphuric acid are as the purposes of precipitation agent.
Generally speaking, a kind of new no ammonium precipitation produces vanadic anhydride (v2o5) method, its characteristic is: by raw ore in process for extracting vanadium through acidleach, extraction, in obtained anti-stripping agent after anti-extraction process, tetravalence vanadium initial oxidation is pentavalent vanadium, form the supersaturation system of pentavalent vanadium, and crystallize out poly vanadic acid precipitation, after insulated and stirred is uniform, adding sodium carbonate liquor makes poly vanadic acid continue to precipitate, because acid concentration reduces the vanadium pentoxide hydrate precipitation that then can generate more indissoluble, pass through solid-liquid separation again to separate impure high mother solution, the product obtaining is powdery vanadium pentoxide hydrate, after scrubbed, the calcining of this product be can get vanadic anhydride.
High concentration after oxidation is carried out precipitation reaction using sodium carbonate for precipitation agent containing vanadium solution, followed by solid-liquid separation, solid portion is carried out with calcining and generates vanadic anhydride.
Will be fired to Ore or vanadium slag, acidleach, the high concentration obtaining after ion exchange or Extraction and back extraction contains vanadium solution, this contains vanadium solution because through roasting technique, so the vanadium ion in solution is all existed with pentavalent form, this contains vanadium solution through filtering and impurity removing, after insulated and stirred is uniform, sulfuric acid solution is added, alkalescence condition can be gradually converted into acid condition, the supersaturation system of pentavalent vanadium now can be formed in solution, separate out poly vanadic acid precipitation, sulfuric acid solution can be continuously added according to process conditions, poly vanadic acid sinks and gradates as the less vanadium pentoxide hydrate precipitation of dissolubility, by solid-liquid separation, impure high mother solution is separated with solid, the product obtaining is vanadium pentoxide hydrate, after washing, this product is calcined, obtain vanadic anhydride.
For precipitant, precipitation is carried out using sulphuric acid to pentavalent high concentration solution containing vanadium, followed by solid-liquid separation, solid portion is carried out calcining can get vanadic anhydride.
Product vanadic anhydride (the v that technical solution of the present invention produces2o5) content meets national standard, pentoxide content is more than 98%.
Technical solution of the present invention is further preferably, above-mentioned precipitation process is in 20m3Carry out in acid and alkali-resistance reactor, power 18.5kw/h, rotating speed is 50～100r/min, the response time is 2～4h.
Technical solution of the present invention is further preferably, it is vanadium pentoxide hydrate that above-mentioned precipitation process obtains product, and moisture content, 30%～60%, can get powdery vanadic anhydride or piece of Vanadium after high-temperature calcination.
Technical solution of the present invention is further preferably, adding than row of above-mentioned precipitation agent is acid-base value, the decision of vanadic anhydride concentration containing vanadium solution according to high concentration.
The invention also discloses purposes in precipitation technique for the new precipitation agent, using above technical scheme, the method have the advantages that
This process for extracting vanadium at home, in international existing process for extracting vanadium, in precipitation workshop section, vanadic anhydride is directly produced for raw material using the new precipitation agent of no ammonium, do not affect existing process main flow and production equipment, low production cost, without any material containing ammonia and nitrogen components, product purity reaches more than 98% and meets national standard, precipitation rate reaches more than 98%, every production target is stable, NH_3-N treating link can be saved in follow-up wastewater treatment process, save corresponding cost to enterprise, prevented environmental pollution, reach the standard of ammonia nitrogen zero-emission.
Environmental protection, economy, no toxic and harmful discharge in whole procedure, the vanadic anhydride response rate is high, uses in Shaanxi Wuzhou Mining Co., Ltd. at present, at home and abroad belongs to top standard in industry.It is industrial chemicals that said process uses new precipitation agent sodium carbonate, sulphuric acid, wide material sources, cheap, and ammonium salt is then obtained by ammonia synthesis process, and big for environment pollution, restraining factors are more.
Brief description:
Fig. 1: high concentration tetravalence ammonium salt containing vanadium solution precipitation technique and deposition vanadium mother liquid ammonia nitrogen recovery process flow chart；
Fig. 2: high concentration tetravalence no ammonium precipitation production technological process containing vanadium solution；
Fig. 3: high concentration pentavalent ammonium salt containing vanadium solution precipitation technique and deposition vanadium mother liquid ammonia nitrogen recovery process flow chart；
Fig. 4: high concentration pentavalent no ammonium precipitation production technological process containing vanadium solution.
Specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are illustrated
Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is ammonium salt process for extracting vanadium flow chart, is prior art.
In conjunction with Fig. 2: high concentration tetravalence vanadium contains vanadium solution no ammonium precipitation and produces vanadic anhydride technique, tetravalence is raw material containing the anti-stripping agent that vanadium solution is generation in wet method process for extracting vanadium, before carrying out precipitation operation, using oxidant sodium chlorate, the tetravalence vanadium in solution is oxidized to pentavalent vanadium, chemical equation is as follows:
naclo3+ 6voso4+ 3h2o = 3(vo2)2so4↓+ 3h2so4+ nacl
Due to the dissolubility of pentavalent vanadium very low (in water, dissolubility is 0.8g/l), and reduce with the rising of temperature, according to this principle, in the actual oxidation operation of oxidant, response speed is rapid, during oxidation, temperature is higher, in back extraction water intaking after oxidation, pentavalent vanadium concentration greatly exceed actual solubility, quickly form the supersaturation system of pentavalent vanadium, separate out a large amount of poly vanadic acid precipitations, insulated and stirred uniformly adds sodium carbonate liquor afterwards, and poly vanadic acid gradates the vanadic anhydride precipitation for more indissoluble, and chemical equation is as follows:
(vo2)2so4+ naco3→ v2o5•5h2o+
na2so4+ co2↑
Through precipitation transition, the impurity overwhelming majority enters in solution, and the pentoxide content of generation is high, and drying, calcining can get powdery or piece of Vanadium, and purity can reach more than 98%.
This technology key technical specification
1. high concentration tetravalence vanadium anti-stripping agent contains sour 0.5～1.5mol/l
2. high concentration tetravalence vanadium anti-stripping agent v2o5Content 50～150g/l
3. precipitation terminal ph=0.8
4. wash temperature is more than 90 DEG C, and washing terminal ph is more than 5
5. sodium carbonate mass concentration is 10～50%, adds the amount of sodium carbonate to contain acidity, the decision of vanadic anhydride concentration according to anti-stripping agent.
6. all without ammonia nitrogen in mother solution, prevailing technology recycling can directly be returned without processing
In conjunction with Fig. 4: the no ammonium precipitation of high concentration pentavalent solution containing vanadium produces v2o5Technique, pentavalent solution containing vanadium is leaching after the fired technique of raw material, the pentavalent solution containing vanadium that leachate obtains after ion exchange or Extraction and back extraction, and its main component is vanadic acid sodium (navo3), because pentavalent vanadium dissolubility is low, sulphuric acid (h can be directly added in this solution2so4) solution, make navo3Gradate as more insoluble vanadic anhydride (v2o5) precipitate, its reaction is as follows:
navo3
+ h2so4→
v2o5•5h2o↓ + naso4
Through precipitation transition, the impurity overwhelming majority enters in solution, and the pentoxide content of production is high, and drying, calcining can get powdery or piece of Vanadium, and purity can reach more than 98%.
This technology key technic index:
1. high concentration pentavalent solution containing vanadium ph=7～11
2. high concentration solution containing vanadium v2o5Content 30～150g/l
3. precipitation terminal ph=2～5,80～90 DEG C of temperature
4. 40 DEG C of wash temperature, wash terminal ph > 5
5. sulphuric acid (h2so4) solution concentration is 15～35%, adds depending on quality is concentration and ph according to solution containing vanadium
6. all without ammonia nitrogen in mother solution, prevailing technology recycling can directly be returned without processing
If 7. high concentration impurity containing vanadium solution is more, certain reagent remove impurity can be added, the metals such as silicon, phosphorus, arsenic and aluminum can be made to settle, by adding flocculant --- solid-liquid separating method removes solid impurity, carry out precipitation process again, flocculant can select anion-polyacrylamide class flocculant, and the reagent of remove impurity can be with selective chlorination magnesium.
It is contemplated that vanadic anhydride (the v that a kind of new no ammonium precipitation of invention produces2o5) method, do not affect existing technique main flow and production equipment, prevent the use of ammonia nitrogen in existing process, the processing procedure of mother solution ammonia nitrogen can be saved, cost-effective, realize the ammonia nitrogen zero-emission of waste water, its potential environmental benefit is very huge.
Test (secrecy) as technology pilot, test people: Shaanxi Wuzhou Mining Co., Ltd., end 2014 the end of the year the said firm carried out this technology of pilot scale 2 years, Liang Nianlai the said firm vanadic anhydride product quality entirely reaches more than 98%, meets national standard, and enterprise achieves zero use of ammonia nitrogen, waste water all recycles, make enterprise reach zero-emission, be conducive to environmental protection, be conducive to the energy-saving of enterprise and circulation sustainable development.
Ultimate principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.Those skilled in the art is it should be recognized that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; merely illustrating the principles of the invention described in above-described embodiment and description; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements both fall within claimed scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of new no ammonium precipitation produces the method for vanadic anhydride it is characterised in that comprising the steps of respectively for tetravalence vanadium and pentavalent vanadium,
For tetravalence vanadium: by tetravalence vanadium initial oxidation be pentavalent vanadium, formed pentavalent vanadium supersaturation system, and crystallize out poly vanadic acid precipitation；
After being subsequently agitated for uniformly, adding sodium carbonate liquor makes poly vanadic acid continue to precipitate；
Because acid concentration reduces the vanadium pentoxide hydrate precipitation that then can generate more indissoluble, then by solid-liquid separation, impure high mother solution is separated, the product obtaining is powdery vanadium pentoxide hydrate；
For pentavalent vanadium: sulfuric acid solution is added after stirring by pentavalent vanadium solution filtering and impurity removing, alkalescence condition is gradually converted into acid condition, now can form the supersaturation system of pentavalent vanadium in solution, separate out poly vanadic acid precipitation；
Continuously add sulfuric acid solution, poly vanadic acid sinks and gradates as the less vanadium pentoxide hydrate precipitation of dissolubility；
By solid-liquid separation, impure high mother solution is separated with solid, the product obtaining is vanadium pentoxide hydrate.
2. a kind of new no ammonium precipitation produces the method for vanadic anhydride it is characterised in that also comprising the steps of as claimed in claim 1, carries out calcining the step obtaining vanadic anhydride after vanadium pentoxide hydrate is washed.
3. a kind of new no ammonium precipitation produces the method for vanadic anhydride it is characterised in that refer to by described, tetravalence vanadium is oxidized to pentavalent vanadium with sodium chlorate tetravalence vanadium initial oxidation for pentavalent vanadium as claimed in claim 1.
4. a kind of new no ammonium precipitation produces the method for vanadic anhydride it is characterised in that described sodium carbonate mass concentration is 10%～50% sodium carbonate as claimed in claim 1.
5. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of new no ammonium precipitation produce vanadic anhydride method it is characterised in that described sulfuric acid solution be 15%～35% for mass fraction sulphuric acid.
6. a kind of new no ammonium precipitation produces the method for vanadic anhydride it is characterised in that the described tetravalence vanadium high concentration 0.5～1.5mol/l of sulfur acid containing vanadium solution, v as claimed in claim 12o5Content 50～150g/l precipitation temperature is 90 DEG C, precipitation terminal ph=0.8, and wash temperature is more than 90 DEG C, washs outlet temperature ph 5.
7. a kind of new no ammonium precipitation produces the method for vanadic anhydride it is characterised in that it is 7～11, v that described pentavalent vanadium high concentration contain vanadium solution to initiate ph as claimed in claim 12o5Content 30～150g/l, precipitation temperature is 80～90 DEG C, precipitation terminal ph=2～5,40 DEG C of wash temperature, washs terminal ph 5.
8. the sodium carbonate and/or sulphuric acid purposes in no ammonium precipitation technique.
9. sodium carbonate and/or sulphuric acid are as the purposes of precipitation agent.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107354304A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-17 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method of Porous Medium Adsorption separation Vanadium in Vanadium Residue resource |
| CN110157927A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-08-23 | 杨秋良 | A kind of no ammonium precipitation vanadium method |
| CN110983040A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-10 | 杨秋良 | Method for precipitating vanadium in acidic vanadium-rich solution without ammonia |
| CN111020231A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-17 | 杨秋良 | Method for precipitating vanadium from sodium vanadium-rich liquid without ammonia |
| CN111020233A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-04-17 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing vanadium pentoxide by ammonium-free vanadium precipitation |
| CN111592042A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-28 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide by ammonium-free vanadium precipitation of vanadium liquid |
| CN112551581A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing vanadium pentoxide by recovering electrolyte of failed vanadium battery |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107354304A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-17 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method of Porous Medium Adsorption separation Vanadium in Vanadium Residue resource |
| CN107354304B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-07-02 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method of Porous Medium Adsorption separation Vanadium in Vanadium Residue resource |
| CN110157927A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-08-23 | 杨秋良 | A kind of no ammonium precipitation vanadium method |
| CN110983040A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-10 | 杨秋良 | Method for precipitating vanadium in acidic vanadium-rich solution without ammonia |
| CN111020231A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-17 | 杨秋良 | Method for precipitating vanadium from sodium vanadium-rich liquid without ammonia |
| CN111020233A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-04-17 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing vanadium pentoxide by ammonium-free vanadium precipitation |
| CN111592042A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-28 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide by ammonium-free vanadium precipitation of vanadium liquid |
| CN112551581A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing vanadium pentoxide by recovering electrolyte of failed vanadium battery |
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