CN106335394A - Integral direct current charging pile for electric bus and intelligent charging method thereof - Google Patents
Integral direct current charging pile for electric bus and intelligent charging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106335394A CN106335394A CN201610793760.1A CN201610793760A CN106335394A CN 106335394 A CN106335394 A CN 106335394A CN 201610793760 A CN201610793760 A CN 201610793760A CN 106335394 A CN106335394 A CN 106335394A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
- G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
- G07F15/005—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity dispensed for the electrical charging of vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an integral direct current charging pile for an electric bus. The integral direct current charging pile comprises a human-machine interaction unit and a charging control unit, information interaction is performed between the human-machine interaction unit and the charging control unit via a serial port the human-machine interaction unit comprises a first MCU (microprogrammed control unit), an input end of the first MCU is connected with an output end of a press key input module, and an output end of the first MCU is connected with an input end of a liquid crystal display module; the charging control unit comprises a second MCU, an input end of the second MCU is connected with an analog switch through an AD (analog to digital) sampling chip, a first output end of the second MCU is connected with a relay through a digital driving module, a second output end of the second MCU is connected with a charging gun port through a selector switch, and the charging gun port is connected with a charging gun head of the electric bus. The invention also discloses an intelligent charging method of the integral direct current charging pile for the electric bus. The integral direct current charging pile has the advantages that the economy of construction investment of a charging station is improved within the limited period, the normal running of each bus line is guaranteed, the reasonable trickle charging is guaranteed, and the service life of a battery is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the charging technique field of e-bus, especially a kind of integration for electric bus
Direct-current charging post and its intelligent charging method.
Background technology
With putting into effect of new forms of energy bus, also in fast development, technology is with direct current for the charging station supporting with it
Based on filling soon, during the fixed location a number of direct-current charging post of arrangement to meet operation, bus mend electric needs.
Based on the demand of operation, the charging interval is mainly night benefit electricity and noon mends electric two kinds of periods, wherein based on night charging, in
Supplemented by noon, night charge period ample time, the charge requirement of each bus in stake can be met.However, because of each bus
Operating line different apart from length, night fully charged bus can meet the short-term road operation of one day next day, but meets not
, it is therefore desirable to the short time carrying out noon mends electricity, meeting the same day is left circuit electrical demand for the operation of long transmission line.
Consider that the direct-current charging post adopting in the economy of cost and the utilization rate of charging pile, bus charging station mostly is
Filling type integral type more, 2 to 4 charging pipette tips of a configuration, by pile body power limit, every charging pile is real for multiple gun in its stake
Row arrives first and first fills principle, the bus first accessing is charged.This charging modes, when evening hours are sufficient, can be expired
The benefit electricity demand of each passenger vehicle in sufficient stake, but in the face of occur the problem that 1 when bus noon mending electric demand in short-term)
Because noon is mended in short-term, electric bus line traffic-operating period is different, also different to the demand supplementing electricity, currently first
The actual operation electrical demand of bus in stake cannot be judged to the charge mode first filling it is impossible to preferentially fill according to actual demand
Electricity, the bus accessing after leading to electrical demand within the shorter benefit electricity time does not reach satisfaction, affects its follow-up circuit
Operation；2) present battery is using constant-voltage charge technology after first constant current, the trickle charge of constant voltage generally small current below, time
Long, but the supplementary very little to electricity, under the environment mending electricity for bus in short-term, it is limited that this charging occupies charging pile
Resource, after having influence on access short of electricity bus charge in time, so that charging resource is rationally utilized.Meanwhile, this tiny stream
Current charge characteristic, the charging bus battery accessing after also resulting in is not sufficiently charged, and long-time operation is lower to affect electricity
Pond performance, shortens battery.
Content of the invention
When the primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of pipette tips in direct-current charging post to access electric bus, Neng Gouyi
The priority charging according to operating line and the current electric quantity of electric bus, intelligent decision, maximizes the operation meeting many cars
The integrated direct-current charging post for electric bus of demand.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs technical scheme below: a kind of integration for electric bus is straight
Current charge stake, including man-machine interaction unit and charging control unit, carries out information exchange by serial ports therebetween, described man-machine
Interactive unit is made up of the first microcontroller mcu, communications port module, card reader, LCD MODULE and keyboard input module,
First microcontroller mcu respectively with communications port module, card reader both-way communication, the input of the first microcontroller mcu with press
The output end of key input module is connected, and the output end of the first microcontroller mcu is connected with the input of LCD MODULE；Described
Charging control unit includes the second microcontroller mcu, analog switch, ad sampling A/D chip, switching value drive module, relay, cuts
Change switch and charging gun interface, the input of the second microcontroller mcu connects analog switch by ad sampling A/D chip, the second microcontroller
First output end of device mcu passes through switching value drive module contact relay, and second output end of the second microcontroller mcu is passed through to cut
Change switch and connect charging gun interface, charging gun interface is connected with the charging pipette tips of electric bus.
Described first microcontroller mcu adopts stm32f107vc chip, and its eth mouth connects communications port module, its uart mouth
Connect card reader, LCD MODULE, charging control unit respectively, its gpio mouth connects keyboard input module.
Described second microcontroller mcu adopts stm32f107vc chip, and its spi mouth meets the output end of ad sampling A/D chip, ad
The input of sampling A/D chip terminate for detect D.C. contactor rear end pipette tips voltage, insulation against ground detection, detection charging gun electric current,
Direct current instrument transformer insulation against ground monitoring, the output end of the analog switch of pipette tips resistance detection；Its ad mouth connects rifle and connects confirmation module；
Its i2C mouth connects memory；It can mouth connects switching switch and power module respectively, and power module is powered to charging gun interface；Its
Gpio mouth connects analog switch, switching value drive module and switching switch respectively；Its uart mouth connects man-machine interaction unit.
Another object of the present invention is to providing a kind of intelligence of the integrated direct-current charging post for electric bus to fill
Method for electrically, the step that the method includes following order:
(1) pass through the information of user card punching and the input on keyboard input module, integrated direct-current charging post obtains
The operation route information of electric bus, and electric bus are calculated according to current time meet the same day and follow-up run mileage institute
The minimum expectation battery charge state soc needingi.min；
(2) after electric bus access integrated direct-current charging post, integrated direct-current charging post pass through charging gun with electronic
The bms of bus carries out information exchange, obtains the current state-of-charge soc of electric busi, battery capacity qiInformation；
(3) integrated direct-current charging post is according to the present battery state-of-charge soc of the electric bus obtainingiWith electronic public affairs
Hand over the minimum expectation battery charge state soc of cari.min, calculate the battery operation charging state-of-charge of current e-bus
Value δ soci, its computing formula is as follows:
δsoci=soci.min-soci；
(4) if battery operation charging SOC δ soci> 0, then judge currently to access on integrated direct-current charging post
Electric bus number, if only accessing electric bus, this electric bus is carried out mend electricity, until pick up the car fortune
Battalion；If there being many electric bus to be concurrently accessed, the δ of all electric bus on more same integration direct-current charging post
soci, according to δ sociThe ascending sequence of size, select δ sociMinimum electric bus start to mend electricity, until this electricity
The δ soc of electric busiWhen=0, that is, control switching switch, sequentially next e-bus is charged；
(5) as the δ soc of all electric bus on same integration direct-current charging postiWhen being 0, carry out equilibrium and fill
Electricity.
Described equalizaing charge refers to: as the δ soc of all electric bus on same integration direct-current charging postiIt is 0
When, calculate the remaining state-of-charge δ q of present battery charging of each electric busi, computing formula is as follows:
δqi=qi-soci；
Charge remaining state-of-charge δ q to present batteryiIt is ranked up according to order from large to small, select δ qiMaximum
Electric bus start to charge up, the charging interval be fixed time period tinv, the charging interval terminate after by ordered pair next electronic public affairs
Passenger vehicle is handed over to be charged, the charging interval is fixed time period tinv, by that analogy, until all electric bus charge finishing.
Described operation route packet includes line length l and odd-numbered day operation frequency n；If battery operation charging SOC
δsoci< 0, then it is not charged.
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention can be connected multiple electronic within the limited time with a charging pile
Public transport is charged, and improves the economy of charging station construction investment；Charging pile intelligence considers bus particularity, during charging when filling more
Runed as condition with meeting the same day, be not full of as condition with battery, each bar public transport line can be ensured in the limited charging interval
The normal operation on road；The intelligent equalization scheduling method in charging later stage, ensure that the electric bus battery charging in stake fills
Electrical equalization, reasonable trickle charge, extend battery life.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the charging application schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the man-machine interaction flow chart of e-bus in the present invention；
Fig. 4 integrated direct-current charging post multiple gun charging flow figure；
Fig. 5 integrated direct-current charging post multiple gun equalizaing charge flow chart.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of integrated direct-current charging post for electric bus, including man-machine interaction unit and filling
Electric control unit, carries out information exchange by serial ports therebetween, and described man-machine interaction unit is by the first microcontroller mcu, logical
Letter port module, card reader, LCD MODULE and keyboard input module composition, the first microcontroller mcu respectively with communication ends
Mouth module, card reader both-way communication, the input of the first microcontroller mcu is connected with the output end of keyboard input module, and first
The output end of microcontroller mcu is connected with the input of LCD MODULE；Described charging control unit includes the second microcontroller
Device mcu, analog switch, ad sampling A/D chip, switching value drive module, relay, switching switch and charging gun interface, the second micro-control
The input of device mcu processed connects analog switch by ad sampling A/D chip, and first output end of the second microcontroller mcu passes through switching value
Drive module contact relay, second output end of the second microcontroller mcu connects charging gun interface by switching switch, and charging gun connects
Mouth is connected with the charging pipette tips of electric bus.As shown in Fig. 2 charging pile charging pipette tips number be 2 or 4, electricity
Electric bus can randomly choose wherein arbitrarily idle pipette tips insertion and charge.
As shown in figure 1, described first microcontroller mcu adopts stm32f107vc chip, its eth mouth connects COM1 mould
Block, its uart mouth connects card reader, LCD MODULE, charging control unit respectively, and its gpio mouth connects keyboard input module.Described
Second microcontroller mcu adopts stm32f107vc chip, and its spi mouth connects the output end of ad sampling A/D chip, ad sampling A/D chip defeated
Enter termination to be used for detecting D.C. contactor rear end pipette tips voltage, insulation against ground detection, detection charging gun electric current, direct current instrument transformer pair
Ground insulating monitoring, the output end of the analog switch of pipette tips resistance detection；Its ad mouth connects rifle and connects confirmation module；Its i2C mouth connects to be deposited
Reservoir；It can mouth connects switching switch and power module respectively, and power module is powered to charging gun interface；Its gpio mouth connects respectively
Analog switch, switching value drive module and switching switch；Its uart mouth connects man-machine interaction unit.
The step that this method includes following order:
(1) pass through the information of user card punching and the input on keyboard input module, integrated direct-current charging post obtains
The operation route information of electric bus, and electric bus are calculated according to current time meet the same day and follow-up run mileage institute
The minimum expectation battery charge state soc needingi.min, as shown in Figure 3；In other words, charged the reached minimum phase by this
Hope battery charge state soci.min, at least ensure that the operation trip electrical demand of e-bus remaining time on the same day；
(2) as shown in figure 4, after the integrated direct-current charging post of electric bus access, integrated direct-current charging post passes through to fill
Electric rifle carries out information exchange with the bms of electric bus, obtains the current state-of-charge soc of electric busi, battery capacity qi
Information；Present battery state-of-charge sociValue be to increase in whole charging process, minimum expectation battery charge state
soci.minValue keep constant in whole charging process；
(3) integrated direct-current charging post is according to the present battery state-of-charge soc of the electric bus obtainingiWith electronic public affairs
Hand over the minimum expectation battery charge state soc of cari.min, calculate the battery operation charging state-of-charge of current e-bus
Value δ soci, mend in electric process with sociIncrease δ sociValue be gradually lowered, its computing formula is as follows:
δsoci=soci.min-soci；
(4) if battery operation charging SOC δ soci> 0, then judge currently to access on integrated direct-current charging post
Electric bus number, if only accessing electric bus, this electric bus is carried out mend electricity, until pick up the car fortune
Battalion；If there being many electric bus to be concurrently accessed, the δ of all electric bus on more same integration direct-current charging post
soci, according to δ sociThe ascending sequence of size, select δ sociMinimum electric bus start to mend electricity, until this electricity
The δ soc of electric busiWhen=0, that is, control switching switch, sequentially next e-bus is charged；
(5) as the δ soc of all electric bus on same integration direct-current charging postiWhen being 0, then illustrate that it is connect
The all electric bus entering all have reached minimum expectation battery charge state soci.min, the need next time gone on a journey of basic guarantee
Ask, now carry out equalizaing charge.Described operation route packet includes line length l and odd-numbered day operation frequency n；If battery operation is filled
Electric SOC δ soci< 0, then it is not charged.
As shown in figure 5, described equalizaing charge refers to: as the δ of all electric bus on same integration direct-current charging post
sociWhen being 0, calculate the remaining state-of-charge δ q of present battery charging of each electric busi, computing formula is as follows:
δqi=qi-soci；
Charge remaining state-of-charge δ q to present batteryiIt is ranked up according to order from large to small, select δ qiMaximum
Electric bus start to charge up, control unit is according to set time tinvCycle charging in turn, each car electricity connecting in stake
Pond is full of or the charging interval of setting arrives.Consider battery life, each wheel current charge can not be too frequent, tinvCan be according to reality
Situation configures.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to 5, the present invention is further illustrated.
Charging control unit mainly realizes the interactive work(that completes specifically to charge of bms of the management of charging gun and bus in stake
Can, man-machine interaction unit mainly realizes man-machine interaction, charging, communication function.Between two control units, letter is carried out by serial ports
Breath interaction, cooperation completes the intelligent charge of multiple gun.
In described charging control unit, the second microcontroller mcu mainly realizes monitoring and the electric bus of connect charging gun
Charge control, by ad sampling A/D chip ads1146, coordinate analog switch to realize the sampling of each analog quantity of direct-current charging post, bag
Include pipette tips voltage, pile body insulation against ground detects, charging gun charging current, the insulating monitoring of direct current instrument transformer, pipette tips resistance detection.
Charging control unit passes through the change of these analog quantitys of real-time monitoring, when reaching charge condition, by the friendship that communicates with vehicle bms
Mutually, the electric bus connecting in pipette tips selected by electric power source pair of module are controlled to charge.Multichannel pipette tips are passed through to switch switch sharing second
Microcontroller mcu mono- road can module, switching switch judges current charging gun according to the information intelligent that man-machine interaction unit transmits
Head.In described man-machine interaction unit, this e-bus charge information of keyboard input module and card reader acquisition passes through string
Oral instructions enter the first microcontroller mcu, after arranging through the first microcontroller mcu, effective information are passed to charge control by serial ports
Unit.Meanwhile, man-machine interaction unit passes through this serial ports and charging control unit real time interaction information, obtains concrete charge data,
Realize the correspondence with foreign country function of charging pile by its communications port module.
If a rifle is just in charging process in current stake, follow-up e-bus access and charge, then charging pile circulation inspection
Look into the current δ soc first accessing electric busi, it is full of without waiting for it, as long as to meet the same day ensuing for its charged state
Operation demand sentences the e-bus δ soc of accessiWhen being zero, that is, control switching switch, switching is electronic to newly access
Bus are charged.In the case that the time is certain, maximizes in order and ensure that accessed electric bus electricity is equal
Same day operation can be met.
If be concurrently accessed more than two e-bus in current stake, all electronic public affairs on more same charging pile
Hand over the δ soc of cari, according to δ sociSize order ascending arrange each electric bus charging, so ensure when
Between insufficient in the case of, at least disclosure satisfy that wherein one bus ensuing same day runs demand, it is to avoid occur in short-term
Two worst conditions that all can not meet follow-up operation after charging.
Before charging pile operation, the information of public transport company's electric bus should be passed through by man-machine interaction unit by host computer
Communication module be transferred to man-machine interaction unit, form e-bus information table, in table, comprise each bus numbering, operation
The information such as circuit and same day operation frequency n.After user card punching, the card reader of man-machine interaction unit, LCD MODULE and button
The electric bus numbering to be charged collecting and the charging gun number selecting are passed to the first microcontroller by input module cooperation
Mcu, the first microcontroller mcu calculates current electricity according to input information with reference to current time information and electric bus information table
Dynamic bus minimum expectation battery charge state soci.min, flow process is as shown in Figure 3.
The above-mentioned result calculating is sent to after charging control unit by serial ports by man-machine interaction unit, by liquid crystal
Show that module prompts user selects the charging gun plug just now selecting to charge.Charging pipette tips are inserted into Electric Transit visitor by prompting by user
Che Hou, the second microcontroller mcu of charging control unit is by currently electronic with the bms interactive information acquisition of e-bus
The battery charge state of bus, and calculate e-bus battery operation charging SOC δ sociIf working as
Other e-bus are not connected with front stake, then directly charge, if existing car is charging or many cars are concurrently accessed in stake,
Sort δ soc from small to largei, scheduling switching switch, charge preferentially to the e-bus of minimum of a value, ensure in the time one
Fixed, in the case that charging pile charge power supply power is certain, realizes each e-bus and all can meet same day operation demand, it is to avoid
The e-bus having met minimum operation demand take limited time and limited charge power, hinder other not meet
The bus of minimum operation demand charges, as shown in Figure 4.
When e-bus charging each in each direct current stake is satisfied by same day operation demand, then δ sociValue is 0, fills
Electric control unit will rearrange charging plan, calculate the remaining state-of-charge δ of connect e-bus present battery charging
qi, by being ranked up from big to small, to the Electric Transit more than short of electricity in the case that each bus meet same day operation demand
Priority scheduling charges.The characteristic charging in view of battery, the trickle characteristic in later stage of particularly charging, when control unit is according to fixing
Between tinvCycle charging in turn, each car battery connecting in stake is full of or the charging interval of setting arrives, in time and power
Under conditions of limited, ensure that accessed e-bus battery all can be charged to rational state, it is to avoid in stake, each car fills
Electricity is unbalanced, reduces the infringement bringing because of long-term Unbalance charging to battery, extends battery, as shown in Figure 5.
In sum, the present invention can connect multiple Electric Transits with a charging pile and charge, carry within the limited time
The economy of high charge station construction investment；Charging pile intelligence considers bus particularity, to meet the same day during charging when filling more
Run as condition, be not full of as condition with battery, the normal fortune of each bar public bus network in the limited charging interval, can be ensured
Battalion；The intelligent equalization scheduling method in charging later stage, ensure that the electric bus battery charge balancing charging in stake, rationally
Trickle charge, extends battery life.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of integrated direct-current charging post for electric bus it is characterised in that: include man-machine interaction unit and charging
Control unit, carries out information exchange by serial ports therebetween, and described man-machine interaction unit is by the first microcontroller mcu, communication
Port module, card reader, LCD MODULE and keyboard input module composition, the first microcontroller mcu respectively with COM1
Module, card reader both-way communication, the input of the first microcontroller mcu is connected with the output end of keyboard input module, and first is micro-
The output end of controller mcu is connected with the input of LCD MODULE；Described charging control unit includes the second microcontroller
Mcu, analog switch, ad sampling A/D chip, switching value drive module, relay, switching switch and charging gun interface, the second microcontroller
The input of device mcu connects analog switch by ad sampling A/D chip, and first output end of the second microcontroller mcu is driven by switching value
Dynamic model block contact relay, second output end of the second microcontroller mcu connects charging gun interface, charging gun interface by switching switch
It is connected with the charging pipette tips of electric bus.
2. the integrated direct-current charging post for electric bus according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: described first
Microcontroller mcu adopts stm32f107vc chip, and its eth mouth connects communications port module, and its uart mouth connects card reader, liquid respectively
Brilliant display module, charging control unit, its gpio mouth connects keyboard input module.
3. the integrated direct-current charging post for electric bus according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: described second
Microcontroller mcu adopts stm32f107vc chip, and its spi mouth connects the output end of ad sampling A/D chip, the input of ad sampling A/D chip
Connect exhausted over the ground for detecting D.C. contactor rear end pipette tips voltage, insulation against ground detection, detection charging gun electric current, direct current instrument transformer
Edge monitoring, the output end of the analog switch of pipette tips resistance detection；Its ad mouth connects rifle and connects confirmation module；Its i2C mouth connects memory；
It can mouth connects switching switch and power module respectively, and power module is powered to charging gun interface；Its gpio mouth connects simulation respectively and opens
Close, switching value drive module and switching switch；Its uart mouth connects man-machine interaction unit.
4. a kind of intelligence of as the described integrated direct-current charging post for electric bus in any one in claims 1 to 3
Charging method, the step that the method includes following order:
(1) pass through the information of user card punching and the input on keyboard input module, integrated direct-current charging post obtains electronic
The operation route information of bus, and calculate electric bus and meet the same day according to current time and follow-up run needed for mileage
Minimum expectation battery charge state soci.min；
(2), after electric bus access integrated direct-current charging post, integrated direct-current charging post passes through charging gun and Electric Transit
The bms of car carries out information exchange, obtains the current state-of-charge soc of electric busi, battery capacity qiInformation；
(3) integrated direct-current charging post is according to the present battery state-of-charge soc of the electric bus obtainingiAnd electric bus
Minimum expectation battery charge state soci.min, calculate the battery operation charging SOC △ of current e-bus
soci, its computing formula is as follows:
δsoci=soci.min-soci；
(4) if battery operation charging SOC △ soci> 0, then judge to access on current integrated direct-current charging post is electronic
This electric bus, if only accessing electric bus, is carried out mending electricity by the number of bus, until operation of picking up the car；If
Have many electric bus to be concurrently accessed, then more same integration direct-current charging post on all electric bus △ soci,
According to △ sociThe ascending sequence of size, select △ sociMinimum electric bus start to mend electricity, until this Electric Transit
The △ soc of cariWhen=0, that is, control switching switch, sequentially next e-bus is charged；
(5) as the △ soc of all electric bus on same integration direct-current charging postiWhen being 0, carry out equalizaing charge.
5. intelligent charging method according to claim 4 it is characterised in that: described equalizaing charge refers to: when same one
Change the △ soc of all electric bus on direct-current charging postiWhen being 0, the present battery calculating each electric bus charges
Remaining state-of-charge △ qi, computing formula is as follows:
△qi=qi-soci；
Charge remaining state-of-charge △ q to present batteryiIt is ranked up according to order from large to small, select △ qiMaximum electricity
Electric bus start to charge up, and the charging interval is fixed time period tinv, the charging interval terminate after by ordered pair next Electric Transit visitor
Car is charged, the charging interval is fixed time period tinv, by that analogy, until all electric bus charge finishing.
6. intelligent charging method according to claim 4 it is characterised in that: described operation route packet includes line length
L and odd-numbered day operation frequency n；If battery operation charging SOC △ soci< 0, then it is not charged.
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