CN106332843A - Method for breeding elite mutton sheep strain - Google Patents
Method for breeding elite mutton sheep strain Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332843A CN106332843A CN201610925555.6A CN201610925555A CN106332843A CN 106332843 A CN106332843 A CN 106332843A CN 201610925555 A CN201610925555 A CN 201610925555A CN 106332843 A CN106332843 A CN 106332843A
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- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010181 polygamy Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000027326 copulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 8
- 108700028369 Alleles Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000911390 Homo sapiens Coagulation factor VIII Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283898 Ovis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000057593 human F8 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013622 meat product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940047431 recombinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding an elite mutton sheep strain. The method comprises: selecting a foundation stock: selecting and putting P ewes of N different bloodlines into Q small breeding groups, and then introducing M rams of Q different bloodlines to hybridize with the ewes in the Q small breeding groups to produce the first generation of hybrid mutton sheep, and selecting the first generation of hybrid ewes therefrom; introducing L rams of a foreign good variety to mate and hybridize with the first generation of hybrid ewes to produce the second generation of hybrid mutton sheep, and selecting the second generation of hybrid ewes therefrom; introducing 2R rams of foreign good varieties of R different bloodlines to mate and hybridize with the first generation of hybrid ewes and the second generation of hybrid ewes, respectively, to produce the third generation of hybrid mutton sheep, and selecting rams in the ratio of the fraction selected being lower than 8%, and ewes in the ratio of the fraction selected being lower than 20% from the first generation of hybrid mutton sheep, the second generation of hybrid mutton sheep, and the third generation of hybrid mutton sheep to constitute the foundation stock; and carrying out closed breeding for 4 to 5 generations, thereby forming the mutton sheep strain having beneficial characters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cattle breeding technical field is and in particular to a kind of breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain.
Background technology
World's sheep husbandry has a very large change in recent years, and sheep raising is from hair with sending out to meat or meat hair dual-purpose direction
Exhibition.In the sheep husbandry of American-European countries, Carnis caprae seu ovis income accounts for more than 90%, and some meat breed sheep at home and abroad sell well by market.China
It is sheep raising big country, sheep raising quantity accounts for the 17.3% of the world, occupies first place in the world.China has excellent local naked eyed test resource, such as
Fuqing goats, Leizhou Goats, Matou goats, Nanjiang-Huang goat, Small-fat-tail sheep, Chengde is acerous black goat (meat and fine hair goat kind)
Deng adding the introducing of denizen meat sheep, meat sheep produces and has a great development in recent years, promote me to a certain extent
The development of state's sheep husbandry.
The kind of meat sheep determines the speed of growth, feed conversion rate, dressing percentage and the meat product of meat sheep to a great extent
Matter.Compared with other excellent meat sheeps in the world, the universal build of the existing naked eyed test of China is less than normal, the speed of growth slow, produce meat
Can not be high.In order to quickly improve the meat production of existing kind by genetic improvement, improve meat quality, improve the market competitiveness
With cultivation new varieties or specialized strain, the external improved seeds of introduction of use are a kind of beneficial selections.
But, in prior art, because most enterprises lack conservation consciousness, introduced variety population size is less and lacks
Corresponding breeding technique, introduced variety sheep carries out in addition to localization breeds purification, selection-breeding raising except minority, and great majority all flow directly into
Market.The present situation of domestic kind of sheep industry this " only drawing sterile, only numerous sterile ", leads to China to plant sheep industry and depends on external breeding enterprise unduly
Industry, has finally been absorbed in the vicious cycle introducing a fine variety, maintain, degenerating, introducing a fine variety.
In order to avoid this vicious cycle, this area is needed badly and is developed a kind of breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain.
Strain one word is applied for a long time on Animal husbandry production and herding science, on the whole, strain refer to have common,
But be different from other colonies surrender feature, and the stably heredity relatively of these features can be gone down, there is certain heredity
Purity, has a certain degree of sibship between individuality, has the pedigree herd of certain quantity (but the much smaller number than kind).Product
System can cultivate (as the structural units of kind) it is also possible to different kinds or incross on the basis of hybrid in kind
Upper incubation.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain.
For achieving the above object, the breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain of the present invention includes:
Step one, choosing group underlying group: select p ewe of n not syngenesious, domestic improved seeds to be made into q breeding groupuscule,
Then introduce m ram of q not syngenesious, external improved seeds, carry out with the q ewe breeding in groupuscule miscellaneous respectively
Hand over, produce first generation mutton hybrid sheep, it is female that the ratio being less than 20% with the rate of reserving seed for planting from first generation mutton hybrid sheep selects first generation hybridization
Sheep；Introduce the ram of l external improved seeds further, the ram of l external improved seeds is belonging respectively to l different blood
System, l different blood lineage is belonging respectively to different blood lineages from q different blood lineages；The l only ram of external improved seeds and introduction
Affinity-less relation each other between m ram of q not syngenesious, external improved seeds；The l that order is introduced only external improved seeds
The hybridization ewe breeding hybridization of ram and the first generation, produce second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep, with the rate of reserving seed for planting from second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep
Ratio less than 20% selects second filial generation hybridization ewe；Meanwhile, it is further introduced into r not syngenesious 2r only excellent abroad
The ram of kind, r different blood lineages are belonging respectively to different blood lineages from q different blood lineages and l different blood lineage；Order introduces
Only abroad the ram of improved seeds hybridizes ewe to r not syngenesious 2r respectively with the first generation and second filial generation hybridization ewe breeding is miscellaneous
Hand over, produce third generation mutton hybrid sheep, to reserve seed for planting from first generation mutton hybrid sheep, second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep and third generation mutton hybrid sheep
The ratio that rate is less than 8% selects ram, the ratio less than 20% for the rate of reserving seed for planting selects ewe, formation base group；Wherein n is more than or equal to 7,
It is little more than or equal to 6 less than or equal to 20, l more than or equal to 13 less than or equal to 6, m that p is more than or equal to 3 more than or equal to 28 less than or equal to 50, q
It is less than or equal to 11 in being more than or equal to 6 equal to 11, r；
Step 2, selection-breeding is bred in locking: the underlying group that step one is obtained carries out locking and breeds 4 to 5 generations, and midway does not introduce
Outer blood, makes the average coefficient of inbreeding of colony naturally rise, and improves the genetic resemblance between the gene homozygosity of major traitses and individuality
Property, make major traitses obtain year genetic progress, genetic level exceedes underlying group, thus forming the meat sheep product with beneficial characteristics
System.
Preferably, the locking breeding selection-breeding early stage in step 2, does a good job of it gene recombinaton emphatically, carries out avoiding full sib friendship
The random mating joined, it is equal with the quantity joining ewe to make each ram.
Preferably, in the locking breeding selection-breeding later stage in step 2, do a good job of it emphatically gene pure, implement completely to hand at random
Join, any restriction is not added with to close relative's degree, make outstanding ram polygamy ewe.
Preferably, in the locking breeding Breeding Process in step 2, beneficial characteristics are carried out to the meat sheep of each generation
Selection-breeding, is matched by homogeneity and realizes.
Preferably, in the choosing group underlying group of step one and the locking breeding Breeding Process of step 2, using blup heredity
Appraisal procedure selects the reserve seed for planting ram of copulation and ewe.
Preferably, during the choosing group underlying group of step one, p ewe of domestic improved seeds, abroad excellent product
The ram of the m ram, the ram of l external improved seeds and 2r external improved seeds planted is respectively selected to each other no germplasm
The breeding station of exchange.
The present invention has the advantage that the breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain of the present invention is compared with prior art,
When strain is bred as, the character of meat sheep projects, and regularity is good, and colony's average level is high.The average coefficient of inbreeding of colony reaches 10% ~
13%, not more than 15%, average coefficient of relationship is more than 20% it means that being averagely equivalent between half sib between each individuality
Genetic similarity, arbitrarily extracts two individualities coefficient of relationship to each other out all more than 10% it is meant that minimum reach cousin simultaneously
Genetic similarity between younger sister.The breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain of the present invention is simple, and herd size requires less,
Basis is done with certain modern quantity theory of heredity, building is speed soon it is adaptable to improve the high and medium character of heritability, strain
Quality during incubation is easier to ensure, the average level of major traits can exceed that underlying group certainly.
Specific embodiment
Following examples are used for the present invention is described, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain of the present invention includes:
Step one, choosing group underlying group: select 7 not syngenesious 28 self-sufficient and strategically located region meat sheep ewes to be made into 6 breeding groupuscules, Ran Houyin
Enter 6 not syngenesious 13 Britain slaves than sub- ram, hybridized with the ewe in 6 breeding groupuscules respectively, produce first
For mutton hybrid sheep, the ratio being less than 20% with the rate of reserving seed for planting from first generation mutton hybrid sheep selects first generation hybridization ewe；Draw further
Enter 11 Toggenburg rams, 11 Toggenburg rams are belonging respectively to 11 different blood lineages；11 Toggenburg rams and 6 introducing
Individual not syngenesious 13 Britain slaves are than affinity-less relation each other between sub- ram；11 Toggenburg rams and first that order is introduced
Generation hybridization ewe breeding hybridization, produces second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep, is less than 20% ratio from second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep with the rate of reserving seed for planting
Select second filial generation hybridization ewe；Meanwhile, it is further introduced into 6 not syngenesious 12 boer goat rams；The 6 of order introducing
Individual not syngenesious 12 boer goat rams hybridize ewe and second filial generation hybridization ewe breeding hybridization respectively with the first generation, produce
Third generation mutton hybrid sheep, is less than with the rate of reserving seed for planting from first generation mutton hybrid sheep, second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep and third generation mutton hybrid sheep
8% ratio selects ram, the ratio less than 20% for the rate of reserving seed for planting selects ewe, formation base group；
Step 2, selection-breeding is bred in locking: the underlying group that step one is obtained carries out locking and breeds 4 to 5 generations, and midway does not introduce
Outer blood, makes the average coefficient of inbreeding of colony naturally rise, and improves the genetic resemblance between the gene homozygosity of major traitses and individuality
Property, make major traitses obtain year genetic progress, genetic level exceedes underlying group, thus forming the meat sheep product with beneficial characteristics
System.
In step one, the foundation of underlying group requires hereditary basiies relatively broad, only accomplishes this point, gene source ability
Relatively abundanter, be possible to make all locus of control major traitses all containing potentiation allele, potentiation allele is
Refer to play the allele increasing number effect in the polygenes produce additive effect.Only in this way gene could be passed through for after locking breeding
The further types of assortment of genes (inclusion extreme combinatorial) in restructuring and more excellent individuality is laid a solid foundation.For this point, this
Bright underlying group is not required to be neat during setting up underlying group, in contrast it is desirable to there be larger hereditary variation.
For reaching the requirement that hereditary basiies are more extensively sent out, all rams of underlying group are no related to each other, and no relationship is closed each other
System, between ewe, low phase is closed, and whole rams derive from different blood lineages, and ewe derives from more blood lineage, accomplishes that these typically require
Seek help from and introduce a fine variety.
Another requirement setting up underlying group is that quality will be got well, and makes whole flock of sheep except above-mentioned by expanding hereditary basiies
More locus have outside potentiation allele, it is also contemplated that the potentiation gene frequency of flock of sheep major traitses how just can be made
Rate increases, thus improving the selection of major traitses and improving potentiality.
In order to reach this requirement, two measures can be taken simultaneously.First, note introducing excellent mother during introducing a fine variety
Sheep and outstanding ram, that is, introducing a fine variety not is merely to expand hereditary basiies.Second, performance survey is conscientiously carried out to the flock of sheep after taking in the fresh
Determine and genetic evaluation, select the individual of the underlying group to varying degrees with the expected feature of this strain with higher selection intensity
Body.The locking breeding selection-breeding stage just must can be proceeded to after taking above measure.
In addition, the scale needs of underlying group are moderate, and the scale of each generation is basically unchanged.Scale is too small, can reduce master
Select character all locus be respectively provided with potentiation equipotential based on probability, inbreeding increment (△ f) will be too high.Scale nor mistake
Greatly, excessive, the homozygosis difficulty of gene will increase it is also difficult to move to, also there is no need.Comparatively the scale of strain compares
Little, so it is easily purified, exactly one of performance of strain superiority.
On the basis of this sense, the present invention has done substantial amounts of experiment work in the selection of ram and ewe quantity, finally
Determine that n is more than or equal to 7, p and is less than or equal to more than or equal to 13 less than or equal to 6, m more than or equal to 3 less than or equal to 50, q more than or equal to 28
20, l are more than or equal to 6 is less than or equal to the numerical rangies that 11, r is less than or equal to 11 more than or equal to 6.
In above-mentioned steps two, locking is bred the growth performance of 4 to 5 generations to five generation meat sheeps producing from generation to generation and is measured
Result see table.
Note: the data in upper table is mean+SD.
Preferably, the locking breeding selection-breeding early stage in step 2, does a good job of it emphatically gene recombinaton.Allowing gene fully to recombinate is
For a greater variety of assortment of genes of outlet, including outstanding combination, selective it is used.Allow the measure bag of gene fully restructuring
Include: the first, carry out avoiding the random mating of full.Because reconfiguring of gene is hindered in the inbreeding of higher degree.The
2nd, make each ram equal with the quantity joining ewe.
Preferably, in the locking breeding selection-breeding later stage in step 2, do a good job of it emphatically gene pure, measure has: the first, implement
Completely random mating, is not added with any restriction to close relative's degree, Bao Kuo allowing to carry out, including full, passing through consciously
Inbreeding, promotes colony's homozygosis quickly.Secondth, make outstanding ram polygamy ewe, polygamy is meant that the outstanding ram of instruction and joins
The quantity of ewe is more than common ram and the quantity joining ewe.
Although, the present invention is described in detail, at this above to have used general explanation and specific embodiment
On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore,
These modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain is it is characterised in that the breeding method of described improved mutton sheep strain includes:
Step one, choosing group underlying group: select p ewe of n not syngenesious, domestic improved seeds to be made into q breeding groupuscule,
Then introduce m ram of q not syngenesious, external improved seeds, carry out with the q ewe breeding in groupuscule miscellaneous respectively
Hand over, produce first generation mutton hybrid sheep, it is female that the ratio being less than 20% with the rate of reserving seed for planting from first generation mutton hybrid sheep selects first generation hybridization
Sheep；Introduce the ram of l external improved seeds further, the ram of l external improved seeds is belonging respectively to l different blood
System, l different blood lineage is belonging respectively to different blood lineages from q different blood lineages；The l only ram of external improved seeds and introduction
Affinity-less relation each other between m ram of q not syngenesious, external improved seeds；The l that order is introduced only external improved seeds
The hybridization ewe breeding hybridization of ram and the first generation, produce second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep, with the rate of reserving seed for planting from second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep
Ratio less than 20% selects second filial generation hybridization ewe；Meanwhile, it is further introduced into r not syngenesious 2r only excellent abroad
The ram of kind, r different blood lineages are belonging respectively to different blood lineages from q different blood lineages and l different blood lineage；Order introduces
Only abroad the ram of improved seeds hybridizes ewe to r not syngenesious 2r respectively with the first generation and second filial generation hybridization ewe breeding is miscellaneous
Hand over, produce third generation mutton hybrid sheep, to reserve seed for planting from first generation mutton hybrid sheep, second filial generation mutton hybrid sheep and third generation mutton hybrid sheep
The ratio that rate is less than 8% selects ram, the ratio less than 20% for the rate of reserving seed for planting selects ewe, formation base group；Wherein n is more than or equal to 7,
It is little more than or equal to 6 less than or equal to 20, l more than or equal to 13 less than or equal to 6, m that p is more than or equal to 3 more than or equal to 28 less than or equal to 50, q
It is less than or equal to 11 in being more than or equal to 6 equal to 11, r；
Step 2, selection-breeding is bred in locking: the underlying group that step one is obtained carries out locking and breeds 4 to 5 generations, and midway does not introduce
Outer blood, makes the average coefficient of inbreeding of colony naturally rise, and improves the genetic resemblance between the gene homozygosity of major traitses and individuality
Property, make major traitses obtain year genetic progress, genetic level exceedes underlying group, thus forming the meat sheep product with beneficial characteristics
System.
2. the breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the locking in step 2 is bred
Selection-breeding early stage, does a good job of it emphatically gene recombinaton, carries out avoiding the random mating of full, makes each ram and the quantity joining ewe
Equal.
3. the breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the locking in step 2 is bred
In the selection-breeding later stage, do a good job of it emphatically gene pure, implement completely random mating, any restriction is not added with to close relative's degree, makes outstanding public affairs
Sheep polygamy ewe.
4. the breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 is it is characterised in that locking in step 2
In breeding Breeding Process, the meat sheep of each generation is carried out with the selection-breeding of beneficial characteristics, matched by homogeneity and realize.
5. the breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain as claimed in claim 4 is it is characterised in that choosing group underlying group in step one
In the locking of step 2 breeding Breeding Process, reserved seed for planting the ram of copulation and ewe using blup genetic evaluation method choice.
6. the breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain as claimed in claim 5 is it is characterised in that choosing group underlying group in step one
During, p ewe of domestic improved seeds, m ram of external improved seeds, l only the ram of external improved seeds and
The ram of 2r external improved seeds is respectively selected to each other the breeding station of no germplasm exchange.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110250094A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-20 | 内蒙古犇牛科技有限公司 | A kind of group breeding method of mutton sheep |
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| CN102405881A (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-04-11 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for breeding meat and wool dual-purpose new variety of Gansu alpine merino |
| CN102550485A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-11 | 天津奥群牧业有限公司 | Method for breeding improved mutton sheep strain |
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| CN104161016A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2014-11-26 | 王秋玉 | Cultivation method for breeding highland high-quality red goats through hybridization of Chinese and foreign goats |
| CN105850884A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-17 | 张家口圣达牧业有限公司 | Breeding method for quinary hybridized multiparous new line of meat sheep |
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2016
- 2016-10-24 CN CN201610925555.6A patent/CN106332843B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| RU2229802C2 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2004-06-10 | Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Юго-Востока РАСХН | Method for obtaining fine-fleece breeder crossbred sheep (variants) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110250094A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-20 | 内蒙古犇牛科技有限公司 | A kind of group breeding method of mutton sheep |
| CN110250094B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2022-02-22 | 内蒙古犇牛科技有限公司 | Group breeding method of mutton sheep |
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| CN106332843B (en) | 2017-10-31 |
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