CN106332734B - Device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation - Google Patents
Device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332734B CN106332734B CN201610943225.XA CN201610943225A CN106332734B CN 106332734 B CN106332734 B CN 106332734B CN 201610943225 A CN201610943225 A CN 201610943225A CN 106332734 B CN106332734 B CN 106332734B
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation. The method comprises the following steps: the through container is in an inverted cup shape, the top of the through container is provided with an air outlet interface, the air outlet interface is communicated with a communication hole at the lower part of the water receiver, and the bottom of the through container is open; the porous medium plate is generally adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the lower part of the through container, and the adhering part of the porous medium plate and the inner side wall is sealed; a through container is placed in the U-shaped container, and fluid capable of infiltrating the porous medium plate is injected into the U-shaped container. By applying the invention, the continuous and stable operation of negative pressure irrigation can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to agricultural irrigation technology, in particular to a device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation.
Background
The water content evaporated by crops in the growth and development process is often hundreds of times or even tens of thousands of times of the biomass of the crops, and the soil is often difficult to provide the water content necessary for the growth and development of the crops, so in the modern agricultural production process, the water content is supplemented for the soil through irrigation, and then the requirement of the crops on the water content is met, which is an indispensable agricultural activity. However, in the traditional irrigation mode, the waste of irrigation water resources is serious, and in order to effectively reduce the waste of water resources, a novel irrigation technology is provided for over 10 years, namely, a negative pressure irrigation technology is gradually developed and applied, the technology can effectively inhibit ineffective evaporation caused by surface wetting and ineffective irrigation and nutrient loss caused by underground leakage, a large amount of manpower and material resources can be saved, and the irrigation efficiency and the water production rate are greatly improved.
Negative pressure irrigation systems designed using negative pressure irrigation techniques generally include: an emitter system, a water storage system, a negative pressure generation system and the like. Wherein, the negative pressure generating system is a precondition for realizing negative pressure irrigation. At present, there are basically three methods for achieving negative pressure, the first is a head difference method, that is, a water source (reservoir) is placed at a position lower than an emitter for delivering water to soil, but this method is liable to cause a break of irrigation water due to an overflow of gas, so that the formed negative pressure rarely reaches below-40 kpa, and this method is rarely practically used except in a laboratory due to its great inconvenience in use; the second is climbing water column method, utilize a closed tube filled with certain amount of water to form the water column of certain height, and have root and little son of outside UNICOM insert certain depth of this water column, its top air cavity is connected to the water receiver, because climbing the water column method is bulky, it is very inconvenient to use in practice too; the third is a liquid negative pressure valve method.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative pressure irrigation system based on a liquid negative pressure valve method in the prior art. Referring to fig. 1, comprising: a water filling head 11, a water receiver 12, a negative pressure adjusting device 13, a second negative pressure chamber 14 and a communicating pipe 15, wherein,
the negative pressure adjusting device 13 includes: the negative pressure regulating tube 22 is arranged above the U-shaped tube 21, wherein a first communicating hole 211 and a second communicating hole 212 are respectively arranged on the left and right tube walls of the U-shaped tube 21, and the first communicating hole 211 is positioned above the second communicating hole 212; one end of the negative pressure adjusting pipe 22 is communicated with and extends into the left side pipe of the U-shaped pipe 21 through a first communicating hole 211, and the other end is communicated with and extends into the right side pipe of the U-shaped pipe 21 through a second communicating hole 212;
the water reservoir 12 is a sealed container and stores irrigation water 121, a first negative pressure chamber 122 of air is formed between the upper part of the irrigation water level and the top of the water reservoir, the lower part of the water reservoir is provided with a third communicating hole 123, and the bottom of the water reservoir is provided with a fourth communicating hole 124;
one end of the communicating pipe 15 extends into the water reservoir 12 through the third communicating hole 123, and the other end extends into the second negative pressure chamber 14 through a through hole provided in the side wall of the second negative pressure chamber 14;
the irrigation head 11 is communicated with the bottom of the water storage device 12 through a fourth communication hole 124 and is placed at the position where the root system of crops grows in the soil;
the left side pipe of the U-shaped pipe 21 is communicated with and extends into the second negative pressure chamber 14 through a through hole formed in the top of the second negative pressure chamber 14, and the right side pipe of the U-shaped pipe 21 is communicated with the atmosphere;
the first negative pressure chamber 122 is filled with air with preset pressure and volume, so that the water potential of the irrigation head is higher than the soil water potential corresponding to vigorous growth of crops and is smaller than the soil water potential when the soil is in field water holding capacity;
the sum of the pressure in the second negative pressure chamber 14 and the pressure generated by the height difference of the liquid filled in the U-shaped pipe is equal to the atmospheric pressure, and the liquid level in the left pipe of the U-shaped pipe is not higher than the first communication hole 211 at the highest.
However, in the negative pressure irrigation system, heavy liquid such as mercury needs to be injected into the negative pressure adjusting device, and the actual use process shows that after the system runs for 2-3 months, the mercury is generally oxidized and precipitated to stop the system, so that the utilization efficiency of the negative pressure irrigation system is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation, which can ensure continuous and stable operation of negative pressure irrigation and improve the utilization efficiency of a constant negative pressure irrigation system.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation, which comprises: a through-vessel, a porous medium plate and a U-shaped vessel, wherein,
the run-through container is in an inverted cup shape, the top of the run-through container is provided with an air outlet interface, the air outlet interface is communicated with the bottom of the water storage device, and the bottom of the run-through container is open;
the porous medium plate is generally adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the lower part of the through container, and the adhering part of the porous medium plate and the inner side wall is sealed;
the through container can be placed in the U-shaped container, fluid capable of infiltrating the porous medium plate is injected into the U-shaped container, the liquid level of the injected fluid is higher than the lower opening face of the through container, the difference between the volume of the injected fluid and the volume of the U-shaped container below the lower opening face of the through container is larger than or equal to the volume of the through container from the lower surface of the porous medium plate to the lower opening face of the through container, and is smaller than the volume of the space from the upper surface of the porous medium plate to the air outlet port of the through container.
Preferably, there must be an invasive relationship between the porous media sheet and the fluid, such as porous ceramic and water, hydrophobic and oleophilic microporous filter membranes and mineral oil, and the like.
Preferably, the porous media sheet is generally hydrophobic oleophilic porous cellulose acetate and the fluid is generally paraffin oil.
The device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation provided by the embodiment of the invention can comprise: the water storage device comprises a through container, a porous medium plate and a U-shaped container, wherein the through container is in an inverted cup shape, the top of the through container is provided with an air outlet interface, the air outlet interface is communicated with the bottom of the water storage device, and the bottom of the through container is open; the porous medium plate is generally adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the lower part of the through container, and the adhering part of the porous medium plate and the inner side wall is sealed; the through container can be placed in the U-shaped container, and fluid capable of infiltrating the porous medium plate is injected into the U-shaped container. Can ensure that the negative pressure irrigation lasts steady operation, promote the constant negative pressure irrigation system utilization efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a negative pressure irrigation system based on a liquid negative pressure valve method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to the present embodiment before the start of negative pressure irrigation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first intermediate state of the apparatus for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a second intermediate state of the apparatus for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the equilibrium state of the device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, the apparatus includes: a through-vessel 201, a porous medium plate 202 and a U-shaped vessel 204, wherein,
the through container 201 is in an inverted cup shape, the top of the through container is provided with an air outlet interface, the air outlet interface is communicated with the bottom of an external water storage device, and the bottom of the through container is open;
the porous medium plate 202 is adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the lower part of the through container 201, and the adhering part of the porous medium plate 202 and the inner side wall is sealed;
the through container 201 is placed in the U-shaped container 204, the fluid 203 capable of infiltrating the porous medium plate 202 is injected into the U-shaped container 204, the liquid level of the injected fluid 203 is higher than the lower opening surface of the through container 201, and the difference between the volume of the injected fluid and the volume of the U-shaped container 204 below the lower opening surface of the through container 201 is larger than or equal to the volume of the through container 201 from the lower surface of the porous medium plate 202 to the lower opening surface of the through container 201 and smaller than the volume of the space between the upper surface of the porous medium plate 202 and the air outlet port of the through container 201.
In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the U-shaped container 204 is larger than the outer diameter of the through container 201, so that the through container 201 can be freely placed in the U-shaped container 204.
In this embodiment, the porous medium plate 202 is fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the through container 201, and the joint between the two is sealed so as to be watertight and airtight.
In this embodiment, the fluid injected into the U-shaped container 204 can infiltrate the porous medium sheet 202, i.e., the porous medium sheet 202 is hydrophilic to the fluid 203 injected into the U-shaped container 204, so that an infiltrating relationship exists between the porous medium sheet 202 and the fluid 203.
In this embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the porous medium plate 202 is made of porous ceramic, and the corresponding fluid is water; as another alternative, the porous media sheet 202 is hydrophobic oleophilic porous cellulose acetate and the corresponding fluid is paraffin oil or the like.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the system includes: the irrigation device comprises an irrigation head 31, a water storage device 32 and a constant negative pressure irrigation device 33, wherein the constant negative pressure irrigation device 33 is the device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation.
The water storage device 32 is a sealed container and stores irrigation water, the lower part of the water storage device is provided with a communicating hole for connecting a constant negative pressure irrigation device 33 through a communicating pipe, and the bottom of the water storage device is communicated with the irrigation head 31 directly or through a connecting pipe;
the irrigation head 31 is placed at the position where the root system of the crops grows in the soil;
the constant negative pressure watering apparatus 33 includes: a through-vessel 201, a porous medium plate 202 and a U-shaped vessel 204, wherein,
the through container 201 is in an inverted cup shape, the top of the through container is provided with an air outlet connector, the air outlet connector is communicated with the bottom of the water storage device 32, and the bottom of the through container is open;
the porous medium plate 202 is adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the lower part of the through container 201, and the adhering part of the porous medium plate 202 and the inner side wall is sealed;
the through container 201 is placed in the U-shaped container 204, the fluid 203 capable of infiltrating the porous medium plate 202 is injected into the U-shaped container 204, the liquid level of the injected fluid 203 is higher than the lower opening surface of the through container 201, and the difference between the volume of the injected fluid and the volume of the U-shaped container 204 below the lower opening surface of the through container 201 is larger than or equal to the volume of the through container 201 from the lower surface of the porous medium plate 202 to the lower opening surface of the through container 201 and smaller than the volume of the space between the upper surface of the porous medium plate 202 and the air outlet port of the through container 201.
In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the U-shaped container 204 is larger than the outer diameter of the through container 201, so that the through container 201 can be freely placed in the U-shaped container 204.
The porous medium plate 202 is fixed to the lower part of the through container 201, and the joint between the two is sealed so as to be watertight and airtight.
In this embodiment, the fluid 203 injected into the U-shaped vessel 204 is able to infiltrate the porous medium sheet 202, i.e., the porous medium sheet 202 is hydrophilic to the fluid 203 injected into the U-shaped vessel 204.
In this embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the porous medium plate 202 is made of porous ceramic, and the corresponding fluid is water; as another alternative, the porous media sheet 202 is porous cellulose acetate, and the corresponding fluid is paraffin oil, etc.
In this embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the volume of fluid injected into the U-shaped vessel 204 above the lower surface of the porous medium plate 202 is smaller than the volume of the upper space through the vessel 201 in which the porous medium plate 202 is fixed.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to the present embodiment before the start of negative pressure irrigation. Referring to fig. 4, before the negative pressure irrigation is started, fluid is injected into the U-shaped container, after the fluid is injected, the fluid level is not lower than the downward opening surface of the through container, namely the fluid level is at least higher than the downward opening surface of the through container, the fluid level in the U-shaped container is the same as the fluid level in the through container, and the difference between the volume of the injected fluid and the volume of the U-shaped container below the lower opening surface of the through container is larger than or equal to the volume of the through container from the lower surface of the porous medium plate to the lower opening surface of the through container, and is smaller than the volume of the space between the upper surface of the porous medium plate and the air outlet port of the through container. A connection hole connecting the penetration container to a lower portion of the water reservoir. In this embodiment, even if all the fluid on the lower surface of the porous medium plate enters the space above the upper surface of the porous medium plate in the through container, the liquid level is lower than the inner upper wall (air outlet port) of the through container, that is, after all the fluid is injected into the U-shaped container on the lower surface of the porous medium plate, a certain air space is always provided between the upper part of the through container and the air outlet port, and the air pressure in the air space is higher than the soil water potential corresponding to the growth of crops.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first intermediate state of the device for maintaining constant negative pressure water filling according to the present embodiment. With reference to figure 5 of the drawings,when the negative pressure irrigation process is started, the pressure (P) of the gas penetrating the upper gas space in the container is increased along with the inflow of irrigation water into the soili) And reducing, wherein the fluid in the U-shaped container is driven by the external atmospheric pressure to continuously enter a gas space formed by the upper surface of the porous medium plate and the through container through the porous medium plate, the liquid level of the fluid in the U-shaped container is lowered, the liquid level of the fluid in the through container is raised, and the height difference between the liquid level of the fluid in the through container and the liquid level formed in the U-shaped container is gradually increased. In the figure, h is the difference in the level of the fluid formed in the through-tank and in the U-shaped tank.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a second intermediate state of the device for maintaining constant negative pressure water filling according to the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 6, after the fluid level in the U-shaped container is flush with the downward opening surface of the through container, the fluid in the U-shaped container is disconnected from the fluid in the through container as irrigation continues, the fluid in the through container becomes suspended, and the liquid at the lower end of the through container is directly communicated with the atmosphere.
In this embodiment, the duration of the second intermediate state may be short, even instantaneous.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the equilibrium state of the device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 7, as irrigation is continued, the liquid level of the lower end of the fluid in the through container rises to be flush with the lower surface of the porous medium plate or slightly higher than the lower surface of the porous medium plate and lower than the upper surface of the porous medium plate, so that dynamic balance is achieved.
At this time, the upward pressure applied to the lower surface of the porous medium plate is atmospheric pressure P0The downward pressure experienced is:
P＝ρgH+Pi+PB
in this embodiment, when the constant negative pressure irrigation system reaches a dynamic balance, that is, when the penetrating container is at a critical balance point at which air is about to enter from the U-shaped container through the porous medium plate but no air is yet introduced, the upward pressure and the downward pressure of the lower surface of the porous medium plate are in a balanced state, and when the balanced state is set, the height of the fluid in the penetrating container from the upper surface of the porous medium plate is H, that is, the absolute value of the height difference between the fluid level in the penetrating container and the fluid level in the U-shaped container has the following dynamic balance formula:
P0＝P＝ρgH+Pi+PB
therefore, the minimum negative pressure value that the constant negative pressure irrigation system of the present embodiment can maintain stable is:
ΔPm＝Pi-P0＝-(ρgH+PB)
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Pi+PB＝P0+ρgh
P0is at atmospheric pressure;
ρ is the fluid density;
g is the acceleration of gravity;
h is the height of the fluid on the porous medium plate in the through container;
Pithe gas pressure of a gas space formed by the porous medium plate and the through container;
PBthe foaming point pressure of the porous medium plate soaked in the fluid;
ΔPmif the minimum negative pressure value is set as the soil water potential corresponding to the growth of crops, the minimum negative pressure value can be used as a balance point to control the water supply to the soil.
In this embodiment, if the gas pressure (P) of the upper gas space formed by the porous medium plate and the through-tank is higher than the gas pressure (P)i) With atmospheric pressure (P)0) Difference (P) ofi-P0) Less than Δ PmFor example, if the soil is supplied with water through the emitter, and the soil water potential is greater than the minimum negative pressure value, the external air will sequentially pass through the U-shaped container, the porous medium plate and the fluid to enter the internal space through the upper part of the fluid in the container, so that the gas pressure thereof is increased until (P)i-P0＝ΔPm) Or slightly greater than the soil water potential, to maintain a dynamic equilibrium.
In this embodiment, the foaming point pressure is a pressure corresponding to a foaming point exhibited when the porous medium plate and the fluid are combined, and the foaming point pressure is related to the pore size of the porous medium plate, the infiltration property of the fluid on the porous medium plate, and the surface tension coefficient of the fluid.
In this example, the bubble point pressure is calculated using the following formula:
wherein γ is the surface tension coefficient of the fluid;
theta is the wetting angle of the fluid on the porous medium plate;
d is the pore diameter of the porous medium plate.
In this embodiment, the foaming point pressure is a certain known value for the determined fluid and the porous medium plate, and the minimum negative pressure value is a constant value by determining a suitable H (in practical application, if the pressure of the fluid generated by H is selected properly, can be ignored), and when the soil water potential is greater than the minimum negative pressure value, the soil absorbs water, PiLowering the fluid level in the U-shaped container to a level slightly lower than the lower surface of the porous medium plate to form a gap between the fluid level in the U-shaped container and the lower surface of the porous medium plate, thereby driving external air to pass through the gap formed by the fluid level in the U-shaped container and the lower surface of the porous medium plate, pass through the porous medium plate and the fluid in the through container, enter the upper space through the fluid level in the container, and enable the gas pressure (P) of the upper space through the fluid level in the containeri) The water absorption capacity (soil water potential) of the soil is increased to be the same, the soil stops absorbing water, and a dynamic balance is maintained. In the following, crop evaporation leads to crop water absorption, which in turn leads to PiAnd lowering, driving external air to pass through a gap formed by the liquid level of the fluid in the U-shaped container and the lower surface of the porous medium plate, pass through the porous medium plate and the fluid in the through container, enter an upper space through the liquid level of the fluid in the through container, and circularly reciprocate.
In the embodiment, by designing the novel constant negative pressure irrigation equipment and adjusting the pressure of water supply by using the porous medium plate and water or paraffin oil, the dynamic balance of the water supply can be maintained in the small fluctuation range of the minimum negative pressure value, the continuous and stable operation of negative pressure irrigation is ensured, the system stop operation caused by oxidation and precipitation can be avoided, and the utilization efficiency of the negative pressure irrigation system is effectively improved.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. An apparatus for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation, comprising: a through-vessel, a porous medium plate and a U-shaped vessel, wherein,
the run-through container is in an inverted cup shape, the top of the run-through container is provided with an air outlet interface, the air outlet interface is communicated with the bottom of the water storage device, and the bottom of the run-through container is open;
the porous medium plate is generally adhered and fixed on the inner side wall of the lower part of the through container, and the adhering part of the porous medium plate and the inner side wall is sealed;
the through container can be placed in the U-shaped container, fluid capable of infiltrating the porous medium plate is injected into the U-shaped container, the liquid level of the injected fluid is higher than the lower opening surface of the through container, and the difference between the volume of the injected fluid and the volume of the U-shaped container below the lower opening surface of the through container is larger than or equal to the volume of the through container from the lower surface of the porous medium plate to the lower opening surface of the through container and smaller than the volume of a space between the upper surface of the porous medium plate and an air outlet port of the through container;
after the negative pressure irrigation process is started, along with the inflow of irrigation water into soil, the gas pressure of an upper gas space in the through container is reduced, the fluid in the U-shaped container is driven by external atmospheric pressure to continuously enter the gas space formed by the upper surface of the porous medium plate and the through container through the porous medium plate, the liquid level of the fluid in the U-shaped container is lowered, the liquid level of the fluid in the through container is raised, and the height difference between the fluid in the through container and the liquid level formed in the U-shaped container is gradually increased;
after the liquid level of the fluid in the U-shaped container is flush with the downward opening surface of the through container, the fluid in the U-shaped container is disconnected from the fluid in the through container along with the continuation of irrigation, the fluid in the through container is in a suspended state, and the liquid at the lower end of the through container is directly communicated with the atmosphere;
along with the irrigation, the liquid level of the lower end of the fluid in the through container rises to be flush with the lower surface of the porous medium plate or slightly higher than the lower surface of the porous medium plate and lower than the upper surface of the porous medium plate, so that the dynamic balance is achieved.
2. The device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to claim 1, wherein the porous medium plate and the fluid are hydrophobic and oleophilic microporous membrane and mineral oil respectively.
3. The device for maintaining constant negative pressure irrigation according to claim 1, wherein the porous medium plate is hydrophobic oleophilic porous cellulose acetate fiber, and the fluid is paraffin oil.
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| CN112931170A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-11 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Negative pressure irrigation system for forming negative pressure irrigation emitter by utilizing soil |
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