CN106323531B - A kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method and device based on speckle interference principle - Google Patents
A kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method and device based on speckle interference principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN106323531B CN106323531B CN201610819189.6A CN201610819189A CN106323531B CN 106323531 B CN106323531 B CN 106323531B CN 201610819189 A CN201610819189 A CN 201610819189A CN 106323531 B CN106323531 B CN 106323531B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
Abstract
The aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method and device based on speckle interference principle that the invention discloses a kind of, the method has following steps: obtaining low-pressure turbine bolt pretightening and disk displacement, the relationship of distribution, low-pressure turbine shaft dish structure disk displacement during test set-up or after assembly, judge bolt tight condition, determines pretightning force deviation.The present invention is based on the measurement disk displacements of speckle interference principle, a certain range of disk change in displacement feature can be obtained simultaneously, to combine disk displacement overall variation rule to carry out Pre strained state judgement, it is the series of stable location point of constant in conjunction with disk displacement difference during preload, it solves to measure before and after tools for bolts ' pretension, and the speckle pattern mismatch problems generated during multiposition measuring, to support to judge multiple tools for bolts ' pretension states in low-pressure turbine reel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aero-engine mounting technologies, and in particular to a kind of aero-engine based on speckle interference principle
Low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method and device.
Background technique
Aero-engine low-pressure turbine is a kind of structure that the power of low-pressure turbine disk is passed to fan, its work turns
Fast high, transmitting torque value is big.The assembly work of low-pressure turbine reel is mainly tightened operation by bolt and is formed, and screwing force size is twisted
Tight sequence, the fastening procedures parameter such as tighten number can the pretightning force size to bolt have an impact, boundary then is connected for axis-disk
Face contact stress, disk deform and the generations such as low-pressure turbine shaft concentricity, low-pressure turbine reel dynamic stiffness and dynamic stability
It significantly affects, unreasonable fastening procedure will reduce aero-engine low-pressure turbine shaft operational reliability.
Erecting yard is torque value when tightening bolt by monitoring to control the size of the pretightning force of bolt at present, it is difficult to
Accurately guarantee the consistency of each Axial stress in bolt.During tools for bolts ' pretension, input energy only has about 10% to be converted into bolt
Pretightning force, other about 90% are converted into bolt-connected piece contact face and screw thread facing frictional dissipation, end face and facing friction
The minor fluctuations of coefficient will lead to the inconsistency of Axial stress in bolt；Applying torque during pre-tightening often makes bolt reach elasticity-
Plasticity critical state, torque and pretightning force are no longer complies with linear relationship, more accurately control pretightning force and propose problem；Even if adopting
Meet control strategy with torque-corner, end face coefficient of friction between different bolts, facing coefficient of friction otherness also lead to spiral shell
There is randomness in bolt axial force；Aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connecting bolt number reaches dozens of, mainly uses people at present
Work tightening way, certain bolts, which are also easy to happen, tightens hypodynamic problem.
Test one of the method that bolt elongate amount during pre-tightening is accurate control pretightning force, but aero-engine low pressure whirlpool
Hub discs bolt belongs to lag bolt, it is contemplated that the error of test equipment is also difficult to accurately survey using equipment such as ultrasonic horizontal metroscopes
Such fixed bolt pretightening.
The connection of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel pre-tightens force test method and has no pertinent literature.Existing tools for bolts ' pretension state
Measuring technology has following several method:
1) CN 105241598 discloses " a kind of engine rotor pre-tightens force measuring method and system ", in engine rotor
Center pull rod on choose the cross section that will not interfere with other parts as measurement section, on the circumference outer at measurement interface
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is set, and transmitting optical signal is to fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and reception optical fiber grating strain transducer
The light beam of reflection, the center wavelength shift for the light beam that fiber Bragg grating strain sensor reflects based on the received obtain fiber grating and answer
Become the strain value of sensor, and then obtains the axial pre tightening force of center pull rod.But it is drawn centered on the engine rotor connection structure
Bar, it is different with low-pressure turbine shaft disk bolt connecting mode, it is arranged for low-pressure turbine reel connection structure dozens of bolt
Fiber-optic grating sensor is difficult, and is difficult to ensure that each bolt of low-pressure turbine shaft is not interfered with connected piece.
2) 102519652 B of CN discloses " a kind of device and its control method for testing bolt pretightening ", by spiral shell
Measurement servicing unit is installed on bolt and realizes that pretightning force measures indirectly；103439035 B of CN discloses that " a kind of threaded fastener is pre-
Clamp force measurement method and its measuring device ", by being pre-tightened in fastener and by a threaded fastener is installed between securing objects
Force measuring device realizes measurement；103616118 B of CN discloses " detection system of bolt and its pretightning force, control method ", leads to
It crosses on the outer surface in bolt light rod section and attaches foil gauge, first through hole is opened up on bolt head, conducting wire passes through first through hole, will
Foil gauge and measuring mechanism, which are attached, realizes pretightning force measurement；CN 103884463 discloses that " composite material connection structure is pre-
Clamp force on-line monitoring method ", strain transducer is embedded in metal bolts, the Measurement channel phase of strain transducer and deformeter
Even, the pretightning force that test bolt is born；CN204493395U discloses " a kind of intelligent bolt ", offers through-hole including inside
Bolt body, fiber-optic grating sensor ontology are fixed in the through-hole of bolt body by fixed plug screw.But aviation is sent out
In motivation low-pressure turbine reel assembling process, do not allow that pressure sensor is installed between fastener and connected piece, because of peace
On the one hand dress pressure sensor will affect connector, connected piece rigidity ratio, while also influencing that surface pressure is combined to be distributed and use
The reliability of process；Low-pressure turbine reel connection bolt does not allow in the positions drilling such as bolt head yet, and is placed in bolt
Sensor, to avoid bolt use reliability is influenced；The densely arranged of bolt also determines hardly possible in low-pressure turbine reel connection structure
To connect attachment device test Axial stress in bolt.
3) CN 104791351 is disclosed " optical measurement of fastener pretightning force ", which includes head, bar, and
With outer surface and axially extending channel in the outer surface, the Strain sensing material of optical transmission fills the channel,
Torque is applied to the fastener simultaneously by transmitting light to the feeder connection being filled, measurement is filled the exit in channel
Photoelectricity frequency, determine pretightning force on the fastener according to frequency is measured；6,829,944 B1 of US discloses a kind of fastening
Part tension measuring system is measured tight by measurement fastener head deformation according to the functional relation of the deflection and fastening force
Gu power, optical measurement, capacitance type sensor, optical imagery, pneumatic gauging and compression electricity is can be used in fastener head deformation measurement
Resistive measurement method；Sayed A.Nassar, Aidong Meng etc. is proposed using speckle interference technology, is connected by measurement
The method of fitting displacement monitoring bolt clipping forcee.But aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connection bolt does not allow at it
Surface makes axially extending passage；In aero-engine reel connection structure, densely arranged dozens of bolt, quilt in flange arrangement
Connecting member deformation state is presented as the comprehensive function of more bolts and connected piece, deformation mechanism between different bolts, form with
Single bolt of the researchs such as Sayed A.Nassar, Aidong Meng deforms difference, in addition, to judge the more spiral shells of low-pressure turbine reel
Each bolt fastening state of bolt connecting structure needs to measure the speckle image of different location deformation front and back, due to pre-tightening process mid-game
The factors such as feed system resetting error in the change and measurement process of face reference coordinate will lead to deformation front and back speckle
Field mismatch, correlation subside, and interference fringe is seriously degenerated, and cannot be subtracted each other by direct reverse phase and obtain disk deformation information, complicated
Speckle field mismatch to based on speckle interference principle low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection propose problem.
In test low-pressure turbine shaft disk Displacements Distribution process discovery, although bolt pretightening is different under different operating conditions,
Disk displacement keeps stablizing for 0 curve location, and the rule is different to monitor low-pressure turbine shaft disk based on speckle interference principle
Position displacement variation provides possibility.
The shortcomings that being applied to aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connection bolt pretightening test aspect in view of the prior art
And deficiency, lower low-pressure turbine shaft disk deformation rule is intensively acted in conjunction with more bolts, invents a kind of quick, accurate detection aviation hair
The method and device of motivation low-pressure turbine reel connection bolt pretightening.
Summary of the invention
The shortcomings that being applied to aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connection bolt pretightening test aspect in view of the prior art
And deficiency, lower low-pressure turbine shaft disk deformation rule is intensively acted in conjunction with more bolts, invents a kind of quick, accurate detection aviation hair
The method and device of motivation low-pressure turbine reel connection bolt pretightening.The technological means that the present invention uses is as follows:
A kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method based on speckle interference principle has following step
It is rapid:
S1, low-pressure turbine bolt pretightening and disk displacement, the relationship of distribution are obtained:
S11, each bolt on low-pressure turbine reel is tightened, select end face coefficient of friction, facing coefficient of friction and
The consistent bolt of axial force, and record its position on low-pressure turbine reel；
S12, production low-pressure turbine reel test specimen identical with the low-pressure turbine reel, are obtained not by speckle interferometer
The speckle pattern of the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen of bolt is tightened, later, the bolt on test specimen is tightened by crossing method,
And bolt corresponding with position described in step S11 is numbered, it is denoted as 1,2 ... nmax-1、nmax；
S13, in 3~n of numbermaxTwo bolts are successively chosen in the range of -2, and are individually identified as n1、n2；
S14, pretightning force is applied by following three kinds of operating conditions to two bolts of selection:
A) two bolt pretightenings are desired value；
B) insufficient or bigger than normal, another bolt pretightening of a bolt pretightening is desired value；
C) two bolt pretightenings are insufficient or bigger than normal；
S15, n under different operating conditions is obtained by speckle interferometer1‐n2The displacement of intermediate region low-pressure turbine reel disk, bolt
Disk displacement under pretightning force is insufficient or effect bigger than normal is denoted as u (x, y), it is contemplated that the disk shift value under value effect is identified as un
(x, y) then uses Δ u (x, y)=u (x, y)-un(x, y) identifies position (x, y) under bolt pretightening deficiency or state bigger than normal
Disk change in displacement establishes the relationship between Δ u (x, y) and pretightning force size according to test result:
Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y),
It obtains meeting condition Δ u (x, y)=constant position point set, determines Δ u (x, y)=constant region, it is described
Constant Δ u (x, y)=constant refers to that the value of Δ u (x, y) is invariable, and is a certain constant,
The chosen position point a in the region1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, before being tightened as determination,
Tighten the benchmark of rear speckle pattern position mismatch amount:
D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5),
Wherein Fn1To be applied to n1On pretightning force, Fn2To be applied to n2On pretightning force；
S16, for the n under different working conditions, the effect of different pretightning force1‐n2The each position Δ u (x, y) in intermediate region into
Row test, analysis, Axial stress in bolt deviation and low-pressure turbine shaft in conjunction with caused by facing coefficient of friction, end face coefficient of friction deviation
The requirement of disk fastening performance determines and determines bolt pretightening deficiency or threshold value bigger than normal:
Δuc(x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df,
DfFor the set of characteristic points for judging bolt pretightening state, pretightning force size；
Low-pressure turbine shaft dish structure disk displacement during S2, test set-up or after assembly:
Speckle interferometer is moved radially along low-pressure turbine reel, in each adjacent bolt on low-pressure turbine reel
Between region, determine the test position of speckle interferometer, respectively test bolt tighten before and tighten it is each on rear low-pressure turbine reel
The speckle pattern of the intermediate region of adjacent bolt, as the foundation for judging each bolt tight condition；
S3, judge bolt tight condition, determine pretightning force deviation:
For the intermediate region of each adjacent bolt, f and g respectively indicate bolt and tighten the corresponding displacement of front and back speckle pattern
Distribution:
In point set D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5) (displacement nearby
Within the scope of deviation 1.5mm) adjustment bolt tighten before or tighten rear speckle pattern coordinate, to realize each position is nearby put in D g
(x*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y)=constant, obtained Δ xd, Δ ydAs speckle field mismatch displacement, then before bolt is tightened
Disk change in displacement can be expressed as afterwards:
Δ u (x, y)=g (x*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y),
For point set DfThe Δ u (x, y) of middle each position point, if DfIn 50% or more location point meet Δ u (x, y) > Δ
uc(x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df, then can determine that bolt pretightening is insufficient or bigger than normal；It is fitted DfΔ u (x, y) feature of middle each position point
Rule, and with Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y) and it compares, it is specific to determine pretightning force deviation.
It tightens and is referred to using Axial stress in bolt test macro to the progress of each bolt 3 times or more described in the step S11
It tightens.
Made in the step S12 identical with low-pressure turbine reel low-pressure turbine reel test specimen refer to production and
The same material of the low-pressure turbine reel, same flange internal-and external diameter, same flange thickness, same pitch of bolts, faying face precision
1/4 low-pressure turbine reel test specimen.
The desired value is to tighten torque value needed for bolt.
Location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3, b4, b5Selection mode are as follows: do two neighboring bolt line
Vertical center line ab, wherein a, b two o'clock are respectively the flange arrangement edge of low-pressure turbine reel test specimen structure, location point a1, a2,
a3, a4, a5Positioned at the center of circle on straight line ab and in distance a point 4mm, the circle that radius is 0.5mm, location point b1, b2, b3, b4, b5Position
In the center of circle on straight line ab and in distance a point 22.5mm, the circle that radius is 0.5mm.The foundation of above-mentioned selection mode is applicant
The displacement variable very little under different pretightning force effects in the border circular areas close to a point is found by many experiments, it is believed that
Δ u (x, y)=constant, as shown in figure 9, after above-mentioned experimental method is the accurate positioning of low-pressure turbine reel, it will be except near measurement point
A bolt outside other bolts tightened according to standard pretightning force, then, by measurement point nearby the bolt that does not pre-tighten according to
The sequence of 13500N, 22500N, 36000N, 45000N are tightened respectively, often tighten primary, the deflection of Measuring plate planar survey point.
The aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection based on speckle interference principle that the invention also discloses a kind of
Device, including base station, speckle interferometer feed arrangement and the V shape iron I being arranged successively along straight line, V shape iron II and V shape iron III, institute
State V shape iron I and connect with the base station by pedestal, the V shape iron II pass sequentially through horizontal feed platform I and hoistable platform I and
The base station connection, the V shape iron III passes sequentially through horizontal feed platform II and hoistable platform II is connect with the base station, described
It is equipped with pressing plate on V shape iron I, the V shape iron II and the V shape iron III,
The speckle interferometer feed arrangement includes sequentially connected speckle interferometer, radial fretting feeding platform, vertical
Feeding platform and horizontal feed platform III, the horizontal feed platform I, the horizontal feed platform II and the horizontal feed are flat
The direction of feed of platform III is each perpendicular to the straight line.
The invention has the following advantages that
(1) before tightening by measurement bolt, rear aero-engine low-pressure turbine disk displacement, quick, accurate judgement are tightened
Tools for bolts ' pretension state does not need in measurement process to destroy bolt arrangement；
(2) based on the measurement disk displacement of speckle interference principle, it is special that a certain range of disk change in displacement can be obtained simultaneously
Sign, to carry out Pre strained state judgement in conjunction with disk displacement overall variation rule；
(3) combining disk displacement difference during pre-tightening is the series of stable location point of constant, before solving tools for bolts ' pretension, pre-
The speckle pattern mismatch problems generated during next measurement and multiposition measuring, to support to judge low-pressure turbine reel
In multiple tools for bolts ' pretension states.
The present invention can be widely popularized in fields such as aero-engine mounting technologies based on the above reasons.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the position signal that a specific embodiment of the invention mesolow turbine wheel shaft disk displacement stabilizes to constant
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the signal for being vertical center line ab in a specific embodiment of the invention on the line of two neighboring bolt
Figure.
Fig. 3 is the disk offset deviation trend curve figure in a specific embodiment of the invention along ab by a to b.
Fig. 4 is the signal for being the vertical center line pq of ab in a specific embodiment of the invention between two neighboring bolt
Figure.
Fig. 5 is the disk offset deviation trend curve figure in the specific embodiment of invention along pq by p to q.
Fig. 6 is a kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine shaft based on speckle interference principle in a specific embodiment of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of disk fastening force checking device.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of speckle interferometer feed arrangement in a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is speckle interferometer and low-pressure turbine reel positional diagram in a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is proximate to the corresponding change in displacement figure of difference pretightning force at the border circular areas of a point.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method based on speckle interference principle has following step
It is rapid:
S1, low-pressure turbine bolt pretightening and disk displacement, the relationship of distribution are obtained:
S11, each bolt on low-pressure turbine reel is tightened, select end face coefficient of friction, facing coefficient of friction and
The consistent bolt of axial force, and record its position on low-pressure turbine reel；
S12, production low-pressure turbine reel test specimen identical with the low-pressure turbine reel, are obtained not by speckle interferometer
The speckle pattern of the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen of bolt is tightened, later, the bolt on test specimen is tightened by crossing method,
And bolt corresponding with position described in step S11 is numbered, it is denoted as 1,2 ... nmax-1、nmax；
S13, in 3~n of numbermaxTwo bolts are successively chosen in the range of -2, and are individually identified as n1、n2；
S14, pretightning force is applied by following three kinds of operating conditions to two bolts of selection:
A) two bolt pretightenings are desired value；
B) insufficient or bigger than normal, another bolt pretightening of a bolt pretightening is desired value；
C) two bolt pretightenings are insufficient or bigger than normal；
S15, n under different operating conditions is obtained by speckle interferometer1‐n2The displacement of intermediate region low-pressure turbine reel disk, bolt
Disk displacement under pretightning force is insufficient or effect bigger than normal is denoted as u (x, y), it is contemplated that the disk shift value under value effect is identified as un
(x, y) then uses Δ u (x, y)=u (x, y)-un(x, y) identifies position (x, y) under bolt pretightening deficiency or state bigger than normal
Disk change in displacement establishes the relationship between Δ u (x, y) and pretightning force size according to test result:
Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y),
It obtains meeting condition Δ u (x, y)=constant position point set, determines Δ u (x, y)=constant region,
The chosen position point a in the region1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, before being tightened as determination,
Tighten the benchmark of rear speckle pattern position mismatch amount:
D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5),
Wherein Fn1To be applied to n1On pretightning force, Fn2To be applied to n2On pretightning force,
As shown in Figure 1, location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3, b4, b5Selection mode are as follows: do two neighboring
The vertical center line ab of bolt line, wherein a, b two o'clock are respectively the flange arrangement edge of low-pressure turbine reel test specimen structure,
Location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5Positioned at the center of circle on straight line ab and in distance a point 4mm, the circle that radius is 0.5mm, location point b1,
b2, b3, b4, b5Positioned at the center of circle on straight line ab and in distance a point 22.5mm, the circle that radius is 0.5mm；
S16, for the n under different working conditions, the effect of different pretightning force1‐n2The each position Δ u (x, y) in intermediate region into
Row test, analysis, Axial stress in bolt deviation and low-pressure turbine shaft in conjunction with caused by facing coefficient of friction, end face coefficient of friction deviation
The requirement of disk fastening performance determines and determines bolt pretightening deficiency or threshold value bigger than normal:
Δuc(x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df,
As Figure 2-Figure 5, DfFor the set of characteristic points for judging bolt pretightening state, pretightning force size, the present embodiment
Middle DfIncluding a, b, c, d, e, f and p, w, o, v, q, wherein a, b, c, d, e, f are the point on ab, and d is away from a point 5mm, e away from b point
5mm, f are located on ac line, are located on bc line away from c point 3mm, g, away from c point 3mm, p, w, and o, v, q is the vertical center line pq of ab
On point, o point be pq and ab intersection point, w, v point are respectively the midpoint po, oq, and p, q point are respectively away from o point 2mm；
Low-pressure turbine shaft dish structure disk displacement during S2, test set-up or after assembly:
Speckle interferometer is moved radially along low-pressure turbine reel, in each adjacent bolt on low-pressure turbine reel
Between region, determine the test position of speckle interferometer, respectively test bolt tighten before and tighten it is each on rear low-pressure turbine reel
The speckle pattern of the intermediate region of adjacent bolt, as the foundation for judging each bolt tight condition；
S3, judge bolt tight condition, determine pretightning force deviation:
For the intermediate region of each adjacent bolt, f and g respectively indicate bolt and tighten the corresponding displacement of front and back speckle pattern
Distribution:
In point set D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5) nearby adjust spiral shell
Before bolt is tightened or rear speckle pattern coordinate is tightened, to realize the g (x put near each position in D*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f(x,y)
=constant, obtained Δ xd, Δ ydAs speckle field mismatch displacement, then bolt is tightened front and back disk change in displacement and be can be expressed as:
Δ u (x, y)=g (x*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y),
For point set DfThe Δ u (x, y) of middle each position point, if DfIn 50% or more location point meet Δ u (x, y) > Δ
uc(x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df, then can determine that bolt pretightening is insufficient or bigger than normal；It is fitted DfΔ u (x, y) feature of middle each position point
Rule, and with Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y) and it compares, it is specific to determine pretightning force deviation.
It tightens and is referred to using Axial stress in bolt test macro to the progress of each bolt 3 times or more described in the step S11
It tightens.
Made in the step S12 identical with low-pressure turbine reel low-pressure turbine reel test specimen refer to production and
The same material of the low-pressure turbine reel, same flange internal-and external diameter, same flange thickness, same pitch of bolts, faying face precision
1/4 low-pressure turbine reel test specimen.
The desired value is to tighten torque value needed for bolt.
Embodiment 2
As Figure 6-Figure 8, a kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection based on speckle interference principle
Device, including base station 1, speckle interferometer feed arrangement 2 and the V shape iron I 3 being arranged successively along straight line, V shape iron II 4 and V shape iron III
5, the V shape iron I 3 is connect by pedestal 6 with the base station 1, and the V shape iron II 4 passes sequentially through horizontal feed platform I 7 and rises
Drop platform I 8 is connect with the base station 1, and the V shape iron III 5 passes sequentially through horizontal feed platform II 9 and hoistable platform II 10 and institute
The connection of base station 1 is stated, is equipped with pressing plate 11 on the V shape iron I 3, the V shape iron II 4 and the V shape iron III 5,
The speckle interferometer feed arrangement 2 include sequentially connected speckle interferometer 12, radial fretting feeding platform 13,
Vertical feeding platform 14 and horizontal feed platform III 15, the horizontal feed platform I 7, the horizontal feed platform II 8 and described
The direction of feed of horizontal feed platform III 15 is each perpendicular to the straight line.
The knob of the radial fretting feeding platform 13 is rotated, the radial fretting feeding platform 13 can drive described dissipate
Spot interferometer 12 radially does feed motion along low-pressure turbine reel；The radial fretting feeding platform 13 configuration it is described vertically into
To on platform 14, the vertical adjustable speckle interferometer 12 of feeding platform 14 is in the position of vertical direction；It is described perpendicular
Straight-in feed platform 14 configures on the horizontal feed platform III 15, equally, rotates the handwheel of the horizontal feed platform III 15,
Can be quick, big stroke adjusts the speckle interferometer 12 along the radial position of low-pressure turbine reel, to prevent from tightening spiral shell
When bolt 16, spanner is interfered with the speckle interferometer 12；The horizontal feed platform III 15 is fixed on the base station 1.
The V shape iron I 3, the V shape iron II 4 and the corresponding pressing plate 11 are used to fix low-pressure turbine shaft model 17,
The V shape iron III 5 and the corresponding pressing plate 11 are used to fix low-pressure turbine disk model 18,
When adjusting the horizontal feed platform I 7 and the horizontal feed platform II 9 simultaneously, may be implemented to low-pressure turbine
The rotation and the adjustment of two freedom degrees of translation of y in the horizontal direction around vertical axes Z of shaft model 17；The lifting is adjusted simultaneously
Platform I 8 and the hoistable platform II 10 may be implemented to the translation of z and around y-axis along the vertical direction of low-pressure turbine shaft model 17
Rotation, the translation along x-axis and the rotation around x-axis directly can be operated manually realization to low-pressure turbine shaft model 17.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method based on speckle interference principle, it is characterised in that tool
It has the following steps:
S1, low-pressure turbine bolt pretightening and disk displacement, the relationship of distribution are obtained:
S11, each bolt on low-pressure turbine reel is tightened, selects end face coefficient of friction, facing coefficient of friction and axial direction
The consistent bolt of power, and record its position on low-pressure turbine reel；
S12, production low-pressure turbine reel test specimen identical with the low-pressure turbine reel, are not tightened by speckle interferometer acquisition
The speckle pattern of the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen of bolt tightens the bolt on test specimen by crossing method, and right later
Bolt corresponding with position described in step S11 is numbered, and is denoted as 1,2 ... nmax-1、nmax；
S13, in 3~n of numbermaxTwo bolts are successively chosen in the range of -2, and are individually identified as n1、n2；
S14, pretightning force is applied by following three kinds of operating conditions to two bolts of selection:
A) two bolt pretightenings are desired value；
B) insufficient or bigger than normal, another bolt pretightening of a bolt pretightening is desired value；
C) two bolt pretightenings are insufficient or bigger than normal；
S15, n under different operating conditions is obtained by speckle interferometer1-n2The displacement of intermediate region low-pressure turbine reel disk, tools for bolts ' pretension
Disk displacement under power is insufficient or effect bigger than normal is denoted as u (x, y), it is contemplated that the disk shift value under value effect is identified as un(x,
Y), then Δ u (x, y)=u (x, y)-u is usedn(x, y) identifies the disk of position (x, y) under bolt pretightening deficiency or state bigger than normal
Face change in displacement establishes the relationship between Δ u (x, y) and pretightning force size according to test result:
Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y),
It obtains meeting condition Δ u (x, y)=constant position point set, determines Δ u (x, y)=constant region,
The chosen position point a in the region1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, as before determining tighten, after tightening
The benchmark of speckle pattern position mismatch amount:
D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5),
Wherein Fn1To be applied to n1On pretightning force, Fn2To be applied to n2On pretightning force；
S16, for the n under different working conditions, the effect of different pretightning force1-n2The each position Δ u (x, y) in intermediate region is surveyed
Examination, analysis, the Axial stress in bolt deviation in conjunction with caused by facing coefficient of friction, end face coefficient of friction deviation and low-pressure turbine reel are tight
Gu performance requirement determines and determines bolt pretightening deficiency or threshold value bigger than normal:
Δuc(x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df,
DfFor the set of characteristic points for judging bolt pretightening state, pretightning force size；
Low-pressure turbine shaft dish structure disk displacement during S2, test set-up or after assembly:
Speckle interferometer is moved radially along low-pressure turbine reel, for the middle area of each adjacent bolt on low-pressure turbine reel
Domain determines the test position of speckle interferometer, tests before bolt is tightened and tightens each adjacent on rear low-pressure turbine reel respectively
The speckle pattern of the intermediate region of bolt, as the foundation for judging each bolt tight condition；
S3, judge bolt tight condition, determine pretightning force deviation:
For the intermediate region of each adjacent bolt, f and g respectively indicate bolt and tighten the corresponding displacement point of front and back speckle pattern
Cloth:
In point set D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5) nearby adjustment bolt twist
Before tight or rear speckle pattern coordinate is tightened, to realize the g (x put near each position in D*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y)=often
Number, obtained Δ xd, Δ ydAs speckle field mismatch displacement, then bolt is tightened front and back disk change in displacement and be can be expressed as:
Δ u (x, y)=g (x*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y),
For point set DfThe Δ u (x, y) of middle each position point, if DfIn 50% or more location point meet Δ u (x, y) > Δ uc(x,
Y), (x, y) ∈ Df, then can determine that bolt pretightening is insufficient or bigger than normal；It is fitted DfΔ u (x, y) characteristic rule of middle each position point,
And with Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y) and it compares, it is specific to determine pretightning force deviation.
2. detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: tightened described in the step S11 and refer to applying
Axial stress in bolt test macro tightens the progress of each bolt 3 times or more.
3. detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: production and the low-pressure turbine in the step S12
The identical low-pressure turbine reel test specimen of reel refers to same as the low-pressure turbine reel material of production, inside and outside same flange
Diameter, same flange thickness, same pitch of bolts, faying face precision 1/4 low-pressure turbine reel test specimen.
4. detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the desired value is to tighten torque value needed for bolt.
5. detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3,
b4, b5Selection mode are as follows: be the vertical center line ab of two neighboring bolt line, wherein a, b two o'clock are respectively low-pressure turbine
The flange arrangement edge of reel test specimen structure, location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5Positioned at the center of circle on straight line ab and distance a point 4mm,
Radius is location point b in the circle of 0.5mm1, b2, b3, b4, b5Positioned at the center of circle on straight line ab and distance a point 22.5mm, radius are
In the circle of 0.5mm.
6. a kind of aero-engine low pressure using the described in any item detection methods of claim 1-5 based on speckle interference principle
Turbine reel fastening force detection device, it is characterised in that: be arranged successively including base station, speckle interferometer feed arrangement and along straight line
V shape iron I, V shape iron II and V shape iron III, the V shape iron I connect by pedestal with the base station, and the V shape iron II successively leads to
It crosses horizontal feed platform I and hoistable platform I is connect with the base station, the V shape iron III passes sequentially through II He of horizontal feed platform
Hoistable platform II is connect with the base station, is equipped with pressing plate on the V shape iron I, the V shape iron II and the V shape iron III,
The speckle interferometer feed arrangement includes sequentially connected speckle interferometer, radial fretting feeding platform, vertical feeding
Platform and horizontal feed platform III, the horizontal feed platform I, the horizontal feed platform II and the horizontal feed platform III
Direction of feed be each perpendicular to the straight line.
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| CN117206891B (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2024-01-30 | 常州市皋翔汽车零部件有限公司 | Positioning assembly mechanism for low-pressure turbine shaft |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102519652A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 天津大学 | Bolt pre-tightening force testing device and control method thereof |
| CN105372003A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-03-02 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Bolt pretightening force measurement method |
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| US9429546B2 (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2016-08-30 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Phased array ultrasonic bolt inspection apparatus and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102519652A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 天津大学 | Bolt pre-tightening force testing device and control method thereof |
| CN105372003A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-03-02 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Bolt pretightening force measurement method |
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| Title |
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| 航空发动机低压涡轮转子连接螺栓预紧力分析;高希光等;《机械科学与技术》;20110430;第30卷(第4期);第543-547页 |
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