CN106323531A - Aeroengine low pressure turbine shaft disc fastening force detection method and aeroengine low pressure turbine shaft disc fastening force detection based on speckle interferometry - Google Patents
Aeroengine low pressure turbine shaft disc fastening force detection method and aeroengine low pressure turbine shaft disc fastening force detection based on speckle interferometry Download PDFInfo
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- CN106323531A CN106323531A CN201610819189.6A CN201610819189A CN106323531A CN 106323531 A CN106323531 A CN 106323531A CN 201610819189 A CN201610819189 A CN 201610819189A CN 106323531 A CN106323531 A CN 106323531A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
Abstract
The invention discloses an aeroengine low pressure turbine shaft disc fastening force detection method and an aeroengine low pressure turbine shaft disc fastening force detection based on speckle interferometry. The aeroengine low pressure turbine shaft disc fastening force detection method comprises steps that a relation between a low pressure turbine bolt pre-tightening force and displacement and distribution of a disc surface is acquired, and the disc surface displacement of the low pressure turbine shaft disc structure is tested during an assembly process or after the assembly process, and the tightening state of the bolt is determined, and the deviation value of the pre-tightening force is determined. The disc surface displacement is measured according to the speckle interferometry, and disc surface displacement changing characteristics in a certain range are acquired at the same time, and therefore the pre-tightening state determining is carried out by combing with the whole changing rule of the disc surface displacement, and by combining with a series of stable position points, the disc surface displacement differences of which are constants, during the pre-tightening process, a speckle pattern mismatch problem generated during measurement before and after the pre-tightening of the bolt and during a multi-position measuring process is solved, and therefore the determining of the pre-tightening states of the plurality of bolts in the low pressure turbine shaft disc are supported.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aero-engine mounting technology, be specifically related to a kind of aero-engine based on speckle interference principle
Low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method and device.
Background technology
Aero-engine low-pressure turbine is a kind of structure that the power of low-pressure turbine dish passes to fan, and its work turns
Speed is high, and transmission torque value is big.The assembly work of low-pressure turbine reel is mainly tightened operation by bolt and is formed, screwing force size, twist
The most sequentially, tighten the fastening procedure parameters such as number of times and the pretightning force size of bolt can be produced impact, then for reel connection circle
The deformation of face contact stress, card and low-pressure turbine shaft axiality, low-pressure turbine reel dynamic stiffness and dynamic stability etc. produce
Appreciable impact, irrational fastening procedure will reduce aero-engine low-pressure turbine shaft operational reliability.
Torque value when erecting yard is to be tighted a bolt by monitoring at present controls the size of the pretightning force of bolt, it is difficult to
Accurately ensure the concordance of each Axial stress in bolt.During tools for bolts ' pretension, input energy only about 10% is converted into bolt
Pretightning force, other about 90% is converted into bolt connected piece contact end face and screw thread facing frictional dissipation, end face and facing friction
The minor fluctuations of coefficient will cause the discordance of Axial stress in bolt；Applying moment of torsion during pretension often makes bolt reach elastic
Plasticity critical state, moment of torsion and pretightning force are no longer complies with linear relationship, and more accurate to pretightning force control proposes a difficult problem；Even if adopting
Meeting control strategy with rotation angle of torque, between different bolts, end-face friction coefficient, the diversity of facing coefficient of friction also lead to spiral shell
There is randomness in bolt axial force；Aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connecting bolt number reaches dozens of, currently mainly uses people
Work tightening way, some bolt is also susceptible to tighten hypodynamic problem.
During test pretension, bolt elongate amount is accurate one of method controlling pretightning force, but aero-engine low pressure whirlpool
Hub discs bolt belongs to lag bolt, it is contemplated that the error of test instrunment, uses the equipment such as ultrasonic horizontal metroscope to be also difficult to accurately survey
Such bolt pretightening fixed.
Aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connects pretightning force method of testing and has no pertinent literature.Existing tools for bolts ' pretension state
Measuring technology has a following several method:
1) CN 105241598 discloses " a kind of engine rotor pretightning force measuring method and system ", at engine rotor
Center pull rod on choose the cross section that will not interfere with other part as measuring cross section, on the circumference outer measuring interface
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is set, launches optical signal and to fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and receive fiber Bragg grating strain sensor
The light beam of reflection, obtaining fiber grating according to the center wavelength shift of the light beam of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor reflection received should
Become the strain value of sensor, and then obtain the axial pre tightening force of center pull rod.But draw centered by this engine rotor attachment structure
Bar, different with low-pressure turbine shaft dish bolt connecting mode, arrange for low-pressure turbine reel attachment structure dozens of bolt
Fiber-optic grating sensor difficulty, and it is difficult to ensure that each bolt of low-pressure turbine shaft does not interferes with connected piece.
2) CN 102519652 B discloses " a kind of device testing bolt pretightening and control method thereof ", by spiral shell
Install on bolt and measure auxiliary device and realize pretightning force and indirectly measure；CN 103439035 B discloses that " a kind of threaded fastener is pre-
Clamp force measuring method and measurement apparatus thereof ", by securing member and by securing objects between install a threaded fastener pretension
Force measuring device realizes measuring；CN 103616118 B discloses " bolt and the detecting system of pretightning force, control method ", logical
Crossing attaching foil gauge on the outer surface of bolt light rod section, offer the first through hole on bolt head, wire passes through the first through hole, will
Foil gauge and measuring mechanism are attached realizing pretightning force and measure；CN 103884463 discloses that " composite attachment structure is pre-
Clamp force on-line monitoring method ", strain transducer is embedded in metal bolts, the Measurement channel phase of strain transducer and deformeter
Even, the pretightning force that test bolt bears；CN204493395U discloses " a kind of intelligent bolt ", offers through hole including inside
Bolt body, fiber-optic grating sensor body is fixedly installed in the through hole of bolt body by fixing plug screw.But, aviation is sent out
During the assembling of motivation low-pressure turbine reel, not in installing pressure transducer between securing member and connected piece, because peace
Dress pressure transducer on the one hand will affect connector, connected piece ratio of rigidity, while also affect faying face pressure distribution and use
The reliability of process；Low-pressure turbine reel connection bolt is also not in bolt first-class position drilling, and inserts in bolt
Sensor, to avoid affecting bolt dependability；In low-pressure turbine reel attachment structure, the densely arranged of bolt also determines difficulty
To connect attachment device test Axial stress in bolt.
3) CN 104791351 discloses " optical measurement of securing member pretightning force ", and this securing member includes head, bar, and
Have outer surface and in described outer surface axially extended passage, the Strain sensing material of optical transmission fills described passage,
Described securing member is applied moment of torsion by the feeder connection transmitting light to be filled simultaneously, measure the exit being filled passage
Photoelectricity frequency, determine the pretightning force on described securing member according to recording frequency；US 6,829,944 B1 discloses a kind of fastening
Part tension measuring system, it deforms by measuring fastener head, measures tight according to this deflection with the functional relationship of fastening force
Gu power, fastener head deformation measurement can use optical measurement, capacitance type sensor, optical imagery, pneumatic gauging and compression electricity
Resistive metering system；Sayed A.Nassar, Aidong Meng etc. proposes application speckle interference technology, is connected by measuring
The method of fitting displacement monitoring bolt clipping forcee.But, aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connection bolt is not in it
Surface makes axially extending passage；In aero-engine reel attachment structure, densely arranged dozens of bolt, quilt in flange arrangement
Connecting member deformation state is presented as the comprehensive function of many bolts and connected piece, deformation mechanism between different bolts, form with
Single bolt deformation difference of the research such as Sayed A.Nassar, Aidong Meng, it addition, for judge the many spiral shells of low-pressure turbine reel
Bolt connecting structure each bolt tightening state, needs to measure the speckle image before and after diverse location deforms, due to pretension process mid-game
The change of face reference coordinate, and the factor such as feed system resetting error during measuring, speckle before and after will causing deforming
Field mismatch, dependency disappear, interference fringe serious degradation, it is impossible to by the most anti-phase acquisition card deformation information that subtracts each other, complicated
Speckle field mismatch give low-pressure turbine reel fastening force based on speckle interference principle detection propose a difficult problem.
Find in test low-pressure turbine shaft card Displacements Distribution process, although bolt pretightening is different under different operating mode, but
Card displacement be 0 curve location keep stable, this rule be based on speckle interference principle monitoring low-pressure turbine shaft card difference
Position displacement change provides possibility.
In view of prior art is applied to the shortcoming in terms of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connecting bolt pretightning force test
And deficiency, in conjunction with low-pressure turbine shaft card deformation rule under the intensive effect of many bolts, invention is a kind of quickly, accurately detect aviation sends out
The method and device of motivation low-pressure turbine reel connecting bolt pretightning force.
Summary of the invention
In view of prior art is applied to the shortcoming in terms of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel connecting bolt pretightning force test
And deficiency, in conjunction with low-pressure turbine shaft card deformation rule under the intensive effect of many bolts, invention is a kind of quickly, accurately detect aviation sends out
The method and device of motivation low-pressure turbine reel connecting bolt pretightning force.The technological means that the present invention uses is as follows:
A kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method based on speckle interference principle, has following step
Rapid:
S1, acquisition low-pressure turbine bolt pretightening and card displacement size, the relation of distribution:
S11, each bolt on low-pressure turbine reel is tightened, select end-face friction coefficient, facing coefficient of friction and
The bolt that axial force is consistent, and record its position on low-pressure turbine reel；
S12, make the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen identical with described low-pressure turbine reel, obtained not by speckle interferometer
The speckle pattern of the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen tighted a bolt, afterwards, is tightened the bolt on test specimen by decussation method,
And the bolt corresponding with position described in step S11 is numbered, it is designated as 1,2 ... nmax-1、nmax；
S13, in numbering 3～nmaxChoose two bolts in the range of-2 successively, and be individually identified as n1、n2；
S14, two bolts chosen are applied pretightning force by following three kinds of operating modes:
A) two bolt pretightenings are desired value；
B) bolt pretightening is not enough or bigger than normal, another bolt pretightening is desired value；
C) two bolt pretightenings are the most not enough or bigger than normal；
S15, obtain n under different operating mode by speckle interferometer1‐n2Zone line low-pressure turbine reel card displacement, bolt
Pretightning force is not enough or card displacement under effect bigger than normal be denoted as u (x, y), it is contemplated that the card shift value under value effect is designated un
(x y), then uses Δ u (x, y)=u (x, y)-un(x, y) mark bolt pretightening is not enough or position under state bigger than normal (x, y)
Card change in displacement, according to test result set up Δ u (x, relation y) and between pretightning force size:
Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y),
Be met condition Δ u (x, the location point set of y)=constant, determine Δ u (x, the region of y)=constant, described
Constant Δ u (x, y)=constant refer to Δ u (x, value y) is invariable, and is a certain constant,
Chosen position point a in described region1, a2, a3, a4, a5, and b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, as determine tighten before,
Tighten the benchmark of rear speckle pattern position amount of mismatch:
D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5),
Wherein Fn1For being applied to n1On pretightning force, Fn2For being applied to n2On pretightning force；
S16, for the n under different working conditions, different pretightning force effect1‐n2(x y) enters each position of zone line Δ u
Row test, analysis, the Axial stress in bolt deviation caused in conjunction with facing coefficient of friction, end-face friction coefficients deviation and low-pressure turbine shaft
Dish fastening performance requirement, determines and judges bolt pretightening threshold value not enough or bigger than normal:
Δuc(x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df,
DfFor judging the characteristic point set of bolt pretightening state, pretightning force size；
Low-pressure turbine reel structure card displacement during S2, test set-up or after assembling:
Speckle interferometer moves radially along low-pressure turbine reel, in each adjacent bolt on low-pressure turbine reel
Between region, determine the test position of speckle interferometer, before test bolt is tightened respectively and tighten on rear low-pressure turbine reel each
The speckle pattern of the zone line of adjacent bolt, as the foundation judging each bolt tight condition；
S3, judge bolt tight condition, determine pretightning force deviation value:
For the zone line of each adjacent bolt, f with g represents that the displacement that before and after's speckle pattern is corresponding tightened by bolt respectively
Distribution:
At point set D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5) neighbouring (displacement
In the range of deviation 1.5mm) adjust bolt and tighten front or tighten rear speckle pattern coordinate, to realize in D the g of point near each position
(x*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y)=constant, the Δ x obtainedd, Δ ydIt is speckle field mismatch displacement, then before bolt is tightened
Rear card change in displacement can be expressed as:
Δ u (x, y)=g (x*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y),
For point set DfThe Δ u of middle each position point (x, y), if DfIn more than 50% location point meet Δ u (x, y) ＞ Δ
uc(x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df, then can determine that bolt pretightening is not enough or bigger than normal；Matching DfΔ u (x, y) feature of middle each position point
Rule, and with Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y) compare, specifically determine pretightning force deviation value.
Tighten described in described step S11 and refer to apply Axial stress in bolt test system that each bolt is carried out more than 3 times
Tighten.
In described step S12 make the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen identical with described low-pressure turbine reel refer to make and
The described same material of low-pressure turbine reel, same flange internal-and external diameter, same flange thickness, same pitch of bolts, faying face precision
1/4 low-pressure turbine reel test specimen.
Described desired value is the required torque value that tights a bolt.
Location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3, b4, b5Mode of choosing be: do adjacent two bolt lines
Vertical center line ab, wherein, a, b 2 is respectively the flange arrangement edge of low-pressure turbine reel test specimen structure, location point a1, a2,
a3, a4, a5On straight line ab and distance a point 4mm, radius are the circle of 0.5mm, location point b to be positioned at the center of circle1, b2, b3, b4, b5Position
In the center of circle on straight line ab and in circle that distance a point 22.5mm, radius are 0.5mm.The above-mentioned foundation choosing mode is applicant
Under great many of experiments finds different pretightning force effect, the displacement variable at the border circular areas of close a point is the least, it is believed that
Δ u (x, y)=constant, as it is shown in figure 9, after above-mentioned experimental technique is low-pressure turbine reel accurate positioning, will be except measuring near point
A bolt outside other bolt tighten according to standard pretightning force, subsequently, by measure point near non-pretension bolt according to
The order of 13500N, 22500N, 36000N, 45000N is tightened respectively, often tightens once, measures card and measures the deflection of point..
The invention also discloses the detection of a kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force based on speckle interference principle
Device, including base station, speckle interferometer feed arrangement and the V shape iron I being linearly arranged in order, V shape iron II and V shape iron III, institute
State V shape iron I to be connected with described base station by pedestal, described V shape iron II pass sequentially through horizontal feed platform I and hoistable platform I and
Described base station connects, and described V shape iron III passes sequentially through horizontal feed platform II and hoistable platform II is connected with described base station, described
It is equipped with pressing plate on V shape iron I, described V shape iron II and described V shape iron III,
Speckle interferometer that described speckle interferometer feed arrangement includes being sequentially connected with, radial fretting feeding platform, vertically
Feeding platform and horizontal feed platform III, described horizontal feed platform I, described horizontal feed platform II and described horizontal feed are flat
The direction of feed of platform III is each perpendicular to described straight line.
The invention have the advantages that
(1) before being tightened by measurement bolt, tighten rear aero-engine low-pressure turbine card displacement, quickly, accurately judge
Tools for bolts ' pretension state, need not during measurement destroy bolt arrangement；
(2) measure card displacement based on speckle interference principle, it is possible to obtain a range of card change in displacement special simultaneously
Levy, thus combine card displacement overall variation rule and carry out Pre strained state judgement；
(3) the series of stable location point that card displacement difference during pretension is constant is combined, before solving tools for bolts ' pretension, pre-
Measure after tight, and the speckle pattern mismatch problems produced during multiposition measuring, thus support to judge low-pressure turbine reel
In multiple tools for bolts ' pretension states.
The present invention can be widely popularized in fields such as aero-engine mounting technologies for the foregoing reasons.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further detailed explanation with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the position signal that the detailed description of the invention mesolow turbine wheel shaft card displacement of the present invention stabilizes to constant
Figure.
Fig. 2 be the present invention detailed description of the invention on the line of adjacent two bolts, do the signal of vertical center line ab
Figure.
Fig. 3 be the present invention detailed description of the invention in along ab by the card offset deviation trend curve figure of a to b.
Fig. 4 be the present invention detailed description of the invention between adjacent two bolts, do the signal of vertical center line pq of ab
Figure.
Fig. 5 be invention detailed description of the invention in along pq by the card offset deviation trend curve figure of p to q.
Fig. 6 be the present invention detailed description of the invention in a kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine shaft based on speckle interference principle
The structural representation of dish fastening force checking device.
Fig. 7 be the present invention detailed description of the invention in the structural representation of speckle interferometer feed arrangement.
Fig. 8 be the present invention detailed description of the invention in speckle interferometer and low-pressure turbine reel position relationship schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is proximate to the change in displacement figure that difference pretightning force at the border circular areas of a point is corresponding.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method based on speckle interference principle, has following step
Rapid:
S1, acquisition low-pressure turbine bolt pretightening and card displacement size, the relation of distribution:
S11, each bolt on low-pressure turbine reel is tightened, select end-face friction coefficient, facing coefficient of friction and
The bolt that axial force is consistent, and record its position on low-pressure turbine reel；
S12, make the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen identical with described low-pressure turbine reel, obtained not by speckle interferometer
The speckle pattern of the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen tighted a bolt, afterwards, is tightened the bolt on test specimen by decussation method,
And the bolt corresponding with position described in step S11 is numbered, it is designated as 1,2 ... nmax-1、nmax；
S13, in numbering 3～nmaxChoose two bolts in the range of-2 successively, and be individually identified as n1、n2；
S14, two bolts chosen are applied pretightning force by following three kinds of operating modes:
A) two bolt pretightenings are desired value；
B) bolt pretightening is not enough or bigger than normal, another bolt pretightening is desired value；
C) two bolt pretightenings are the most not enough or bigger than normal；
S15, obtain n under different operating mode by speckle interferometer1‐n2Zone line low-pressure turbine reel card displacement, bolt
Pretightning force is not enough or card displacement under effect bigger than normal be denoted as u (x, y), it is contemplated that the card shift value under value effect is designated un
(x y), then uses Δ u (x, y)=u (x, y)-un(x, y) mark bolt pretightening is not enough or position under state bigger than normal (x, y)
Card change in displacement, according to test result set up Δ u (x, relation y) and between pretightning force size:
Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y),
Be met condition Δ u (x, the location point set of y)=constant, determine Δ u (x, the region of y)=constant,
Chosen position point a in described region1, a2, a3, a4, a5, and b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, as determine tighten before,
Tighten the benchmark of rear speckle pattern position amount of mismatch:
D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5),
Wherein Fn1For being applied to n1On pretightning force, Fn2For being applied to n2On pretightning force,
As it is shown in figure 1, location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3, b4, b5Mode of choosing be: do adjacent two
The vertical center line ab of bolt line, wherein, a, b 2 is respectively the flange arrangement edge of low-pressure turbine reel test specimen structure,
Location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5On straight line ab and distance a point 4mm, radius are the circle of 0.5mm, location point b to be positioned at the center of circle1,
b2, b3, b4, b5On straight line ab and distance a point 22.5mm, radius are the circle of 0.5mm to be positioned at the center of circle；
S16, for the n under different working conditions, different pretightning force effect1‐n2(x y) enters each position of zone line Δ u
Row test, analysis, the Axial stress in bolt deviation caused in conjunction with facing coefficient of friction, end-face friction coefficients deviation and low-pressure turbine shaft
Dish fastening performance requirement, determines and judges bolt pretightening threshold value not enough or bigger than normal:
Δuc(x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df,
As shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 5, DfFor judging the characteristic point set of bolt pretightening state, pretightning force size, the present embodiment
Middle DfIncluding a, b, c, d, e, f and p, w, o, v, q, wherein, a, b, c, d, e, f are the point on ab, d away from a point 5mm, e away from b point
5mm, f be positioned on ac line, be positioned on bc line away from c point 3mm, g, away from c point 3mm, p, w, o, v, q are the vertical center line pq of ab
On point, o point is the intersection point of pq and ab, w, v point be respectively po, oq midpoint, p, q point is respectively away from o point 2mm；
Low-pressure turbine reel structure card displacement during S2, test set-up or after assembling:
Speckle interferometer moves radially along low-pressure turbine reel, in each adjacent bolt on low-pressure turbine reel
Between region, determine the test position of speckle interferometer, before test bolt is tightened respectively and tighten on rear low-pressure turbine reel each
The speckle pattern of the zone line of adjacent bolt, as the foundation judging each bolt tight condition；
S3, judge bolt tight condition, determine pretightning force deviation value:
For the zone line of each adjacent bolt, f with g represents that the displacement that before and after's speckle pattern is corresponding tightened by bolt respectively
Distribution:
At point set D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5) neighbouring adjustment spiral shell
Bolt is tightened front or tightens rear speckle pattern coordinate, to realize the g (x put near each position in D*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f(x,y)
=constant, the Δ x obtainedd, Δ ydBe speckle field mismatch displacement, then bolt is tightened before and after's card change in displacement and be can be expressed as:
Δ u (x, y)=g (x*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y),
For point set DfThe Δ u of middle each position point (x, y), if DfIn more than 50% location point meet Δ u (x, y) ＞ Δ
uc(x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df, then can determine that bolt pretightening is not enough or bigger than normal；Matching DfΔ u (x, y) feature of middle each position point
Rule, and with Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y) compare, specifically determine pretightning force deviation value.
Tighten described in described step S11 and refer to apply Axial stress in bolt test system that each bolt is carried out more than 3 times
Tighten.
In described step S12 make the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen identical with described low-pressure turbine reel refer to make and
The described same material of low-pressure turbine reel, same flange internal-and external diameter, same flange thickness, same pitch of bolts, faying face precision
1/4 low-pressure turbine reel test specimen.
Described desired value is the required torque value that tights a bolt.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 6 Fig. 8, a kind of aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force based on speckle interference principle detects
Device, including base station 1, speckle interferometer feed arrangement 2 and the V shape iron I 3 being linearly arranged in order, V shape iron II 4 and V shape iron III
5, described V shape iron I 3 is connected with described base station 1 by pedestal 6, and described V shape iron II 4 passes sequentially through horizontal feed platform I 7 and rises
Fall platform I 8 is connected with described base station 1, and described V shape iron III 5 passes sequentially through horizontal feed platform II 9 and hoistable platform II 10 and institute
State base station 1 to connect, described V shape iron I 3, described V shape iron II 4 and described V shape iron III 5 be equipped with pressing plate 11,
Speckle interferometer 12 that described speckle interferometer feed arrangement 2 includes being sequentially connected with, radial fretting feeding platform 13,
Vertically feeding platform 14 and horizontal feed platform III 15, described horizontal feed platform I 7, described horizontal feed platform II 8 and described
The direction of feed of horizontal feed platform III 15 is each perpendicular to described straight line.
Rotating the knob of described radial fretting feeding platform 13, described radial fretting feeding platform 13 can drive described dissipating
Speckle interferometer 12 radially does feed motion along low-pressure turbine reel；Described radial fretting feeding platform 13 is arranged in and described vertically enters
To on platform 14, described vertical feeding platform 14 can regulate described speckle interferometer 12 in the position of vertical direction；Described perpendicular
Straight-in feed platform 14 is arranged on described horizontal feed platform III 15, equally, rotates the handwheel of described horizontal feed platform III 15,
Can be quick, the described speckle interferometer 12 of adjustment of big stroke is along the radial position of low-pressure turbine reel, to prevent from tightening spiral shell
During bolt 16, spanner interferes with described speckle interferometer 12；Described horizontal feed platform III 15 is fixed on described base station 1.
Described V shape iron I 3, described V shape iron II 4 and corresponding described pressing plate 11 are used for fixing low-pressure turbine shaft model 17,
Described V shape iron III 5 and corresponding described pressing plate 11 are used for fixing low-pressure turbine dish model 18,
Described horizontal feed platform I 7 and described horizontal feed platform II 9 is adjusted, it is possible to achieve to low-pressure turbine when simultaneously
The adjustment of the rotation around vertical axes Z of shaft model 17 and in the horizontal direction two degree of freedom of translation of y；Adjust described lifting simultaneously
Platform I 8 and described hoistable platform II 10, it is possible to achieve to the translation of low-pressure turbine shaft model 17 vertically z and around y-axis
Rotating, low-pressure turbine shaft model 17 can be directly operated manually realizing by the translation along x-axis and the rotation around x-axis.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to technical scheme and
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force detection method based on speckle interference principle, it is characterised in that tool
Have the following steps:
S1, acquisition low-pressure turbine bolt pretightening and card displacement size, the relation of distribution:
S11, each bolt on low-pressure turbine reel is tightened, select end-face friction coefficient, facing coefficient of friction and axially
The bolt that power is consistent, and record its position on low-pressure turbine reel；
S12, make the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen identical with described low-pressure turbine reel, obtained by speckle interferometer and do not tighten
The speckle pattern of the low-pressure turbine reel test specimen of bolt, afterwards, is tightened the bolt on test specimen by decussation method, and right
The bolt corresponding with position described in step S11 is numbered, and is designated as 1,2 ... nmax-1、nmax；
S13, in numbering 3～nmaxChoose two bolts in the range of-2 successively, and be individually identified as n1、n2；
S14, two bolts chosen are applied pretightning force by following three kinds of operating modes:
A) two bolt pretightenings are desired value；
B) bolt pretightening is not enough or bigger than normal, another bolt pretightening is desired value；
C) two bolt pretightenings are the most not enough or bigger than normal；
S15, obtain n under different operating mode by speckle interferometer1‐n2Zone line low-pressure turbine reel card displacement, tools for bolts ' pretension
Power is not enough or card displacement under effect bigger than normal be denoted as u (x, y), it is contemplated that the card shift value under value effect is designated un(x,
Y), then Δ u (x, y)=u (x, y)-u are usedn(x, y) mark bolt pretightening is not enough or position (x, dish y) under state bigger than normal
Face change in displacement, according to test result set up Δ u (x, relation y) and between pretightning force size:
Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y),
Be met condition Δ u (x, the location point set of y)=constant, determine Δ u (x, the region of y)=constant,
Chosen position point a in described region1, a2, a3, a4, a5, and b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, as determine tighten before, tighten after
The benchmark of speckle pattern position amount of mismatch:
D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5),
Wherein Fn1For being applied to n1On pretightning force, Fn2For being applied to n2On pretightning force；
S16, for the n under different working conditions, different pretightning force effect1‐n2(x y) surveys each position of zone line Δ u
Examination, analysis, the Axial stress in bolt deviation and the low-pressure turbine reel that cause in conjunction with facing coefficient of friction, end-face friction coefficients deviation are tight
Gu performance requirement, determine and judge bolt pretightening threshold value not enough or bigger than normal:
Δuc(x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y), (x, y) ∈ Df,
DfFor judging the characteristic point set of bolt pretightening state, pretightning force size；
Low-pressure turbine reel structure card displacement during S2, test set-up or after assembling:
Speckle interferometer moves radially along low-pressure turbine reel, for the mesozone of each adjacent bolt on low-pressure turbine reel
Territory, determines the test position of speckle interferometer, before test bolt is tightened respectively and to tighten on rear low-pressure turbine reel each adjacent
The speckle pattern of the zone line of bolt, as the foundation judging each bolt tight condition；
S3, judge bolt tight condition, determine pretightning force deviation value:
For the zone line of each adjacent bolt, f with g represents that the displacement that bolt tightens before and after's speckle pattern corresponding divides respectively
Cloth:
At point set D={ (xa1,ya1) ..., (xa5,ya5), (xb1,yb1) ..., (xb5,yb5) near adjust bolt twist
Before tight or tighten rear speckle pattern coordinate, to realize in D the g (x of point near each position*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y)=often
Number, the Δ x obtainedd, Δ ydBe speckle field mismatch displacement, then bolt is tightened before and after's card change in displacement and be can be expressed as:
Δ u (x, y)=g (x*-Δxd,y*-Δyd)-f (x, y),
For point set DfThe Δ u of middle each position point (x, y), if DfIn more than 50% location point meet Δ u (x, y) ＞ Δ uc(x,
Y), (x, y) ∈ Df, then can determine that bolt pretightening is not enough or bigger than normal；Matching DfThe Δ u of middle each position point (x, y) characteristic rule,
And with Δ u (x, y)=g (Fn1,Fn2, x, y) compare, specifically determine pretightning force deviation value.
Detection method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: tighten described in described step S11 and refer to application
Axial stress in bolt test system carries out more than 3 times to each bolt and tightens.
Detection method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step S12 makes and described low-pressure turbine
The low-pressure turbine reel test specimen that reel is identical refers to make as described low-pressure turbine reel inside and outside material, same flange
Footpath, same flange thickness, same pitch of bolts, faying face precision 1/4 low-pressure turbine reel test specimen.
Detection method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described desired value is the required torque value that tights a bolt.
Detection method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5And b1, b2, b3,
b4, b5Mode of choosing be: being the vertical center line ab of adjacent two bolt lines, wherein, a, b 2 is respectively low-pressure turbine
The flange arrangement edge of reel test specimen structure, location point a1, a2, a3, a4, a5Be positioned at the center of circle on straight line ab and distance a point 4mm,
In radius is the circle of 0.5mm, location point b1, b2, b3, b4, b5On straight line ab and distance a point 22.5mm, radius are to be positioned at the center of circle
In the circle of 0.5mm.
6. aero-engine low-pressure turbine reel fastening force based on a speckle interference principle detection device, it is characterised in that:
Including base station, speckle interferometer feed arrangement and the V shape iron I being linearly arranged in order, V shape iron II and V shape iron III, described V-arrangement
Ferrum I is connected with described base station by pedestal, and described V shape iron II passes sequentially through horizontal feed platform I and hoistable platform I and described base
Platform connects, and described V shape iron III passes sequentially through horizontal feed platform II and hoistable platform II is connected with described base station, described V shape iron
I, it is equipped with pressing plate on described V shape iron II and described V shape iron III,
Speckle interferometer that described speckle interferometer feed arrangement includes being sequentially connected with, radial fretting feeding platform, vertical feeding
Platform and horizontal feed platform III, described horizontal feed platform I, described horizontal feed platform II and described horizontal feed platform III
Direction of feed be each perpendicular to described straight line.
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| CN117206891A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-12 | 常州市皋翔汽车零部件有限公司 | Positioning assembly mechanism for low-pressure turbine shaft |
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